Submitted by Fabiano Vassallo (fabianovassallo2127@gmail.com) on 2017-05-15T18:01:02Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação - Clarice Goulart - final.pdf: 681792 bytes, checksum: c405eb14f771b9a868e3146d5b87c11a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Josimara Dias Brumatti (bcgdigital@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-05-16T17:31:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação - Clarice Goulart - final.pdf: 681792 bytes, checksum: c405eb14f771b9a868e3146d5b87c11a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-16T17:31:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação - Clarice Goulart - final.pdf: 681792 bytes, checksum: c405eb14f771b9a868e3146d5b87c11a (MD5) / Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar a representação do escritor e do crítico de arte tematizada por Rubens Figueiredo nos contos “A última palavra” (Contos de Pedro, 2006) e “Os biógrafos de Albernaz” (O livro dos lobos, 1994, 1ª ed.), bem como no romance Barco a seco (2001). Ao apresentar a trajetória desses personagens e sua relação com as diversas esferas de consagração do campo literário ou artístico, as narrativas possibilitam uma rica discussão sobre a inserção e a manutenção do escritor no mercado editorial brasileiro contemporâneo, na medida em que o reconhecimento desses personagens passa pela chancela do editor e da crítica. A partir dessa investigação, é possível ampliar a discussão para temas como autoridade do escritor e distinção social. Além disso, uma vez que a atividade profissional dos personagens analisados está ligada a um sistema de visibilidade e de garantia de privilégios, desenvolve-se uma discussão sobre a ética do escritor, sobre sistemas de valoração, e, também, sobre o lugar social não só do crítico, do escritor e do editor, mas do livro e do leitor – sobretudo no que se refere ao valor do livro. A orientação teórica deste trabalho articula-se com as ideias apresentadas por Eneida Maria de Souza, Néstor Garcia Canclini, Pierre Bourdieu, Regina Dalcastagnè e Beatriz Sarlo / This work aims to analyse the representation of writers and the art critic presented by Rubens Figueiredo in the short stories “A última palavra” (Contos de Pedro, 2006), and “Os biógrafos de Albernaz” (O livro dos lobos, 1994, 1ª ed.), as well as in the novel Barco a seco (2001). Presenting characters in their relation with the possibilities of consecration in the literary field, the three narratives provide varied themes of discussion concerning contemporary insertion and maintenance of writers into Brazilian literary field, considering the fact that their appreciation is directly connected to editors’ and critics’ approval. The examination includes a wide discussion about writers’ authority and social distinction. Furthermore, regarding the characters professional activities and their association with a system which guarantees visibility and privileges, this work develops a discussion about ethics, value systems, and, also, about the place which critics and writers, readers and, mainly, books, occupy in Brazilian contemporary society. This work’s theoretical orientation articulated with ideas presented by Eneida Maria de Souza, Néstor Garcia Canclini, Pierre Bourdieu, Regina Dalcastagnè, and Beatriz Sarlo

Abstract This work is concerned with the attitudes of the principal newspapers in Finland, Helsingin Sanomat, Hufvudstadsbladet, Maakansa, Suomen Sosialidemokraatti, Uusi Suomi and Vapaa Sana, towards Urho Kekkonen during the time leading up to his presidency, in 1944-1956. The account proceeds chronologically, employing principally a qualitative historical method, although with some quantitative aspects. A total of 1284 articles or news items concerned with Kekkonen were published in these leading newspapers during the period in question, the vast majority, 87.5%, in 1950-1956. Maakansa was the most active paper in writing about Kekkonen, and gained a position as his mouthpiece early in his career, whereas Hufvudstadsbladet was more passive in its view of him and Suomen Sosialidemokraatti and Uusi Suomi were the most critical. All in all, however, the majority of the leading newspapers tended for the most part to be critical of him during this period, although he gained some recognition even amongst his opponents, who admitted that he had been a forceful and effective personality as Minister of Justice, Speaker of Parliament and Prime Minister. The criticism was directed mainly at his arbitrary behaviour in foreign affairs and his alleged ties with the communists. The speech that he had made in parliament in March 1940, opposing the peace treaty that ended the Winter War, was the weapon most frequently used against him, whereas the question of war crimes did not arouse much debate regarding him in the columns of the press, nor did the negotiations over the Agreement of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance. Kekkonen did not usually intervene in any way in the discussions concerning him in the press during the 1940's, but as Prime Minister he reacted strongly to the growing criticism, usually venting his feelings through articles in Suomen Kuvalehti or Kyntäjä, or through private correspondence. He particularly despised the writings of Suomen Sosialidemokraatti and its columnist "Jahvetti", and was also annoyed at the attitudes of the Uusi Suomi columnist "Timo". / Tiivistelmä Tutkimus käsittelee Suomen johtavan sanomalehdistön, Helsingin Sanomat, Hufvudstadsbladet, Maakansa, Suomen Sosialidemokraatti, Uusi Suomi ja Vapaa Sana, suhtautumista Urho Kekkoseen vuosina 1944 - 1956. Kronologisesti etenevän tutkimuksen päämetodina käytän historialliskvalitatiivista menetelmää. Hyödynnän myös kvantitatiivista metodia. Johtavissa sanomalehdissä julkaistiin tutkimusjakson aikana 1 284 Kekkos-kirjoitusta. Valtaosa niistä (87,5 %) ajoittuu vuosiin 1950 - 1956. Vielä 1940-luvulla kirjoittelu oli vähäistä, mikä indikoi Kekkosen vakiintumatonta poliittista statusta. Ensimmäinen Kekkos-kirjoittelun huippu ajoittui pääministerikilpaan 1946 ja toinen presidentinvaaleihin 1950. Kolmannen Kekkos-keskustelun piikin synnytti Maakansassa 1953 julkaistu Kekkosen ulkopoliittinen haastattelu ja sisäpoliittisesti kiihkeä syksy. Neljäs ja merkittävin Kekkos-kannanottojen lisääntyminen johtui vuoden 1956 presidentinvaaleista. Kaiken kaikkiaan Kekkonen sai pysyvän aseman lehdistössä vuoden 1950 presidentinvaalien jälkeen. Tämän takasivat hänelle aktiivinen poliittinen rooli ja pääministerin salkku. Aktiivisin Kekkos-kirjoittaja oli Maakansa. Lehdestä muodostui jo varhain Kekkosen äänitorvi. Hufvudstadsbladet suhtautui Kekkoseen passiivisimmin. Kriittisimpiä Kekkos-kirjoittajia olivat puolestaan Suomen Sosialidemokraatti ja Uusi Suomi. Kaiken kaikkiaan johtavan sanomalehdistön enemmistön suhteet Kekkoseen muotoutuivat tutkimusjakson aikana enimmäkseen kriittisiksi. Toisaalta hänelle annettiin vastustajienkin leirissä tunnustusta. Kekkosta pidettiin yleisesti niin oikeusministerinä, eduskunnan puhemiehenä kuin pääministerinäkin vahvana ja aikaansaavana henkilönä. Arvostelu kohdistui pääosin hänen ulkopoliittiseen omavaltaisuuteensa ja väitettyihin kommunistikytköksiinsä. Kekkosen talvisodan rauhaa vastustaneesta puheesta eduskunnassa maaliskuussa 1940 tuli yksi käytetyimmistä Kekkos-vastaisista aseista. Sotasyyllisyyskysymys ei sen sijaan herättänyt erityisemmin Kekkos-debattia johtavan lehdistön palstoilla. Kekkosta ei huomioitu juuri myöskään YYA-sopimusneuvottelujen aikana. Ulkopolitiikan merkitys johtavan lehdistön Kekkos-propagandassa korostui vasta 1950-luvulla. Läpilyönti tapahtui viimeistään 1955, jolloin Paasikiven - Kekkosen ulkopoliittinen linja vakiinnutti asemansa johtavan lehdistön kirjoittelussa. Kekkonen ei puuttunut yleensä 1940-luvulla johtavien sanomalehtien häntä itseään koskevaan kirjoitteluun. Sen sijaan pääministerinä hän reagoi jo voimakkaasti johtavan lehdistön kasvavaan kritiikkiin. Kekkonen tilitti tuntojaan yleensä Suomen Kuvalehdessä ja Kyntäjässä sekä yksityisessä kirjeenvaihdossaan. Kekkosta ärsytti maamme eturivin toimittajien "matalamielinen" parjaus- ja huhupropaganda, joka oli kohdistettu häneen henkilökohtaisesti. Kekkonen moitti myös syytöksiä, joita lehdistön edustajat kohdistivat häneen ulkopoliittisena toimijana ja kommunistien ystävänä. Hän paheksui erityisesti Suomen Sosialidemokraatin ja sen pakinoitsijan (Jahvetti) kirjoittelua. Myös Uuden Suomen pakinoitsija (Timo) suututti. Osansa arvostelusta saivat lisäksi Helsingin Sanomat ja Vapaa Sana. Hufvudstadsbladet selvisi vähemmällä. Maakansa vältti arvostelun tyystin.

This thesis provides a sociological understanding of how conventional knowledge of sexuality negates the identity formation of black gay men in contemporary South Africa. It investigates the coming out experiences of six black gay men in order to reveal the disjunctures between being black and being gay. The theoretical formation of disjuncture is pursued through examining a number of sociological, historical, psychoanalytical, and feminist approaches to identity, sexuality, and society; featuring specifically the theories of George Herbert Mead, Michel Foucault, and Judith Butler. The chosen research paradigm is symbolic interactionism, postulating both „pragmatist‟ and „empiricist‟ trends that lead to both interactionist and structuralist forms of argumentation. The interactionist approach to sexuality is central to the deconstruction of sexual conventions. It involves conceptualising modern sexuality in the landscapes of African colonial history and the global gay and lesbian movement. The prescribed literature on homosexuality is thus reviewed in conjunction with the South African gay and lesbian struggle, so as to spawn themes and perspectives for conducting life story interviews. The use of the life story interview favours the participants‟ own view of the studied phenomenon, yet aims to depict the structural influence on homosexual identification. Following the qualitative research tradition, the data analysis is based on the interpretation of narratives. It illustrates interpersonal relationships and microscopic experiences that lead to the self-acceptance and self-actualisation of homosexuality. Within these processes, various disjunctures that exist between the cultural sanction of lifestyle and individual choice, between parents and children, between religious belief and personal desires, and between gender identity and sexual orientation are disclosed. The findings are associated with the historical transformation of masculinity in South Africa, sex role performance, and the heterosexualisation of desire. The solution to the proposed research problem is discussed through concepts of socialisation and gender conformity.

This thesis is an attempt at understanding South African photography through the lens of Nontsikelelo “Lolo” Veleko, Tracy Rose, David Goldblatt, Jo Ractliffe and Santu Mofokeng. Through the works discussed this thesis intends to unpack photography as a complex medium similar to that of language and text, as well as attempt to understand how exploring South African experiences and spaces through the lens of photography shapes and mediates them. Furthermore it also attempts to understand how these experiences and spaces conversely affect the discourse of photography or at the very least our perception of it. Through these photographers and their works it is hoped that ultimately the interconnected relationship of exchanging codes that takes place between photography and society will be highlighted. The example of connectivity or dialogue I believe exists between the medium of photography and the physical/social and psychological spaces it photographs will be mediated through Deleuze and Guattari‟s conception of “the wasp and the orchid” where “the wasp becomes the orchid, just as the orchid becomes the wasp...an exchanging or capturing of each other‟s codes”. Other theorists I will be looking at include Vilém Flusser, focusing in particular on his book Towards a Philosophy of Photography, as well as Susan Sontag, Roland Barthes and others. The main aims and objectives of this thesis are to understand the veracity of the documentary image and whether or not the image harbours any objective truth, as well as whether truth, if it can truly be said to exist in the world, resides between the camera and the seen world. This dichotomy is further complicated by the matter of subject-hood and technical and philosophical understandings of the camera as an apparatus. At no point do I aim to be conclusive, rather it is hoped that by developing the dynamic tension between the theory and the image world that I will be able to bring fresh insight into the reading of a changing South African condition and the subject position of the photographer in relation to this condition.

Composed for soprano, tenor, and baritone voices, woodwind, percussion, and string instruments, Three Voices is a polyglotic work that includes German, Chinese, and Spanish texts. The texts are chosen from Brecht Bertolt's Das Schiff, Po Chu I's Lang T'ao Sha, and Frederico Garcia Lorcá's Mar. Significant features of the piece are 1) application of Chinese operatic singing methods to vocal material in the sections that use Chinese text, 2) use of western instruments to emulate the sound of certain Chinese instruments, and 3) employment of Sprechstimme and dramatically inflected speech to create theatrical effects and highlight the sections that use German and Spanish texts.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the multiple versions of "Invasion of the Body Snatchers" in concert and determine the reason for their continued presence in the American cultural landscape. To do so I will look at the novel and four films and examine the context in which they were created. In reexamining the novel and films, a central theme begins to emerge: interiority. Fear in "Invasion of the Body Snatchers" moves from an external to an internal threat. The bodily locus of the monstrous other has been re-purposed and re-projected outward. The internal nature of the monstrous threat is displayed in the narrative’s use of production and distribution, mental health professionals, pseudo-families, and the vilification of sleep. Finally, this paper will examine the studio influence on the various films and their impact on the relative endings.

Esta investigación tiene como objeto de estudio al reality show Rupaul’s Drag Race, el cual es analizado a partir de la teoría de la performatividad de género de la filósofa estadounidense Judith Butler, donde la autora toma como ejemplo a la performance drag para mostrar que el género es se performa, es decir, que se construye y da la ilusión de ser una esencia a través de los actos performativos. Para Butler, las drag queens imitan y actúan el género para hacer su performance, por lo que evidencian esta performatividad. Mediante el análisis del discurso, analizaremos bajo una mirada cualitativa-deductiva siete capítulos del reality show para reconocer si se cumple o no la performatividad del género en ellos; además de identificar en qué segmento de la estructura narrativa del programa se muestran más y quiénes son los personajes dentro del reality que más se acercan a este concepto. Finalmente, como conclusión principal hallamos que la teoría de la performatividad se cumple, en su mayoría, en el reality show Rupaul’s Drag Race y que son las drag queens que se acercan más a este concepto a través de lo expresado verbalmente por ellas en la ejecución de los desafíos principales del programa y la presentación de sus personajes en la pasarela. Estos dos segmentos coinciden dentro de la estructura narrativa del programa, con el segundo acto de acuerdo al Paradigma de Syd Field, justo en donde se ubica la confrontación del relato y la toma de decisiones por parte de los personajes, siendo cada uno de ellos el primer y segundo nudo de la trama.

L'art américain de la deuxième moitié du 20e siècle, en particulier la peinture, a su s'imposer au monde occidental et nous proposer des productions riches de significations. Parmi ces dernières, les oeuvres de Jackson Pollock et de Mark Rothko se classent parmi les plus marquantes. Leurs toiles ont révolutionné le monde de la peinture et ont confronté le regardeur à des modes d'expression novateurs et inédits. L'objet visé par notre recherche consiste à saisir la dimension surtout existentielle des oeuvres des deux peintres étudiés. Nous avons d'abord proposé un cadre de référence nous permettant d'analyser certaines réalisations de Pollock et Rothko, en nous appuyant en particulier sur la pensée existentialiste française et sur celle issue des écrivains américains de la Lost Generation. L'examen des pratiques artistiques des deux peintres américains a été précédé par une analyse sommaire de l'expressionnisme abstrait, courant auquel ils sont rattachés. Une étude des oeuvres retenues a suivi et a abouti à une comparaison permettant de faire ressortir les différences, mais surtout les similarités entre les oeuvres des deux artistes. En conclusion, nous avons tenté de situer le travail des deux artistes en tant que questionnement fondamental sur la condition humaine. L'intérêt d'une telle démarche réside d'une part dans la compréhension de l'expression artistique de ces deux représentants majeurs de l'art américain au 20e siècle et, d'autre part, dans l'interprétation philosophique du "drame humain" incarné par leurs productions.

La première partie de ce document est constitué de la pièce de théâtre Hiver. Cette pièce relate l’histoire de Felipe, Musina et Gilles, trois sans-abri qui vivent ensemble l’espace de quelques jours. Felipe a été recueilli par Musina après que sa mère biologique l’ait abandonné au cours d’une tempête de neige, alors qu’il était allé se réchauffer dans les toilettes d’un restaurant. Depuis ce temps, Felipe et Musina sont devenus très proches. Musina aime Felipe à la fois comme un frère, comme un ami et comme un fils. Quant au petit, il est amoureux de Musina. Gilles se greffe à eux pendant trois jours. C’est alors qu’il sera confronté à son lourd passé. La pièce se termine tragiquement par le suicide de Felipe et de Musina et l’arrestation de Gilles. La seconde partie du document comprend l’essai. Il porte sur la figure du sans-abri dans Fragment de théâtre I de Samuel Beckett, L’opéra de quat’sous de Bertolt Brecht et Hiver, notre pièce de théâtre. On y dissèque ce type de personnage pour en comprendre les fonctions, les particularités et la symbolique. Cette seconde partie est elle-même divisée en deux chapitres. Le premier retrace les caractéristiques des personnages de Fragment de théâtre I et de L’opéra de quat’sous et tente de préciser si l’on peut les qualifier de sans-abri. Quant au deuxième chapitre, il identifie les points de convergences et de divergences entre Fragment de théâtre I de Samuel Beckett, L’opéra de quat’sous de Bertolt Brecht et Hiver.

L'année 1956 a vu l'est européen, c'est-à-dire le bloc communiste, secoué par des événements successifs qui n'ont pu laisser les Occidentaux Indifférents face au communisme. Nous parlons ici du XXe Congrès et des révoltes automnales polonaises et hongroises. La crise hongroise est un point culminant car le rideau de silence qui avait été établi autour de l'URSS et de ses "satellites" s'est entrouvert avec les révoltes et l'intervention. A partir d'articles de fond publiés dans trois journaux français d'options idéologiques différentes, le Figaro, le Monde et l'Humanité, nous avons pu sonder l'opinion vis-à-vis l'URSS. Le présent mémoire veut donc retracer la persistance d'éléments de définition traditionnels autour d'une réalité mythifiée chez des médias d'information supposément au fait de l'actualité mondiale changeante. L'URSS était-elle une réalité en évolution ou correspondait-elle toujours à un faisceau de perceptions mythiques? / Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2013