Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:56:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CEZAR ROBERTO VERSA.pdf: 730379 bytes, checksum: a1a5530745482da3306eae7890027bb3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-02 / The 60´s and 70´s of the century XX represents a period of vast artistic and cultural production in Brazil, however the censorship was the largest dilemma found by the artists, writers and playwrights, who had their productions forbidden. In the theater, great writers produce in that time, like Nelson Rodrigues (1912-1980), Jorge Andrade (1922-1994), and Plínio Marcos (1933 -1999); each one in his style, all censured by their productions. This research presents a study about the play Dois perdidos numa noite suja (1966), by Plínio Marcos, which shows the conflicts of the minority and marginalized social groups in the society. With a language full of slangs and obscene words, the plays by Plínio Marcos scared, so much the ones that saw them as the authorities that understood such procedure as an insult to the regime, because such situation revealed a disorder process inside of the order instituted by the military government. His plays reveal a segment of Brazil where the individuals need to face a world without perspective and hope. His plays created to be transitory images of a moment of turbulence became a perennial picture of a social and economical structure. However, it should be emphasized that Plínio Marcos' intention, as the own author says, was not merely to protest, because he understood that his productions showed the people as they were and what they said. Starting from this reflection, it is postulated in this dissertation the countercultural aspect of the language explored in the plays by the playwright. It is intended, this way, to contemplate as the language became inside of Plínio Marcos' dramatic text a tool of execration of dilemmas and social-historical-cultural conflicts of Brazil from the 60´s until the end of the years 70´s. The process of the revealing of a crude language it sustained in the continuous use of slangs and bad words, wanting to reach the other or the own society. To understand that process, it is used concepts like: dialogy, polyphony and carnavalization from the theory by Bakhtin, therefore in the bowl of Plínio Marcos characters' language there is a series of voices, that they carry ideologies asserted by the social reality in that they live, besides emphasizing the use of the language while a combat weapon to the busy position in the society, where the slang and the bad words aim to hurt or to lower the other in a dialogue. Nowadays, the slangs are classified inside of the perspective of the special languages. Methodologically, the work is supported in a bibliographical and documental research, in that newspapers and magazines of the time will serve as mark for the revision of the playwright's critical fortune, and that authors of the extent of the language, of the sociology, of the anthropology, of the literature and of the theater they will base the theoretical basis, like Magaldi (1998), Bornheim (1992), Schwarz (1992), Artaud (2006), DaMatta (1997), Preti (1981), Adorno and Horkheimer (1985), among others. It done the bibliographical and documental revision, the leading of the theoretical concepts will happen in the analysis of the play, study object, Dois perdidos numa noite suja (1966), by Plínio Marcos. It is very important to emphasize that the analysis is based and it is evidenced starting from the dramatic text and not in their staging ways and dramacity of the accomplished editing. Starting from the text to elucidate like the text is vast and complete, although full of a colloquial tone language, in that the informality and the delinquency glow as central axes. / Os anos 60 e 70 do século XX representam um período de vasta produção artística e cultural no Brasil, contudo a censura foi o maior dilema encontrado pelos artistas, escritores e dramaturgos, que acabavam tendo suas produções proibidas. No teatro, grandes escritores produzem nessa época, como Nelson Rodrigues (1912-1980), Jorge Andrade (1922-1994), e Plínio Marcos (1933 -1999); cada qual em seu estilo, no entanto, censurados por suas produções. Esta pesquisa apresenta um estudo da peça Dois perdidos numa noite suja (1966) de Plínio Marcos, a qual tematiza os conflitos de grupos sociais minoritários e marginalizados na sociedade. Com uma linguagem repleta de gírias e palavras obscenas, as peças do autor chocavam, tanto os que as viam quanto às autoridades, que entendiam tal procedimento como uma afronta ao regime, uma vez que tal situação desvelava um processo de desordem dentro da ordem instituída pelo governo militar. As obras de Plínio Marcos revelam um segmento do Brasil em que os indivíduos precisam encarar um mundo sem perspectiva e esperança. Suas peças criadas para serem transitórias imagens de um momento de turbulência transformaramse em retratos perenes de uma estrutura social e econômica inexorável. Contudo, deve-se ressaltar que o intuito do dramaturgo, segundo ele mesmo, não era meramente protestar, já que entendia que suas produções mostravam as pessoas como elas eram, o modo como se comportavam e aquilo que diziam. A partir desta reflexão, postula-se nesse trabalho o aspecto contracultural da linguagem explorada em sua obra. Pretende-se, desse modo, refletir como a linguagem tornou-se dentro do texto dramático de Plínio Marcos uma ferramenta de execração de dilemas e conflitos sócio-histórico-culturais do Brasil de 1960 até final dos anos 1970. O processo do desvelamento de uma linguagem crua se apega no uso contínuo de gírias e palavrões, visando atingir o outro ou a própria sociedade. Para se entender esse processo, recorre-se aos conceitos de dialogia, polifonia e carnavalização da teoria bakhtiniana, uma vez que no bojo da linguagem das suas personagens há uma série de vozes, que carregam ideologias asseveradas pela realidade social em que vivem, além de ressaltar o uso da linguagem enquanto uma arma de combate à posição ocupada na sociedade, na qual a gíria e o palavrão objetivam ferir ou rebaixar o outro em um diálogo. Na atualidade, as gírias são enquadradas dentro da perspectiva de linguagens especiais. Metodologicamente, o trabalho se pauta em uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, em que jornais e revistas dão suporte para a revisão da fortuna crítica do dramaturgo, e que teóricos do âmbito da linguagem, da sociologia, da antropologia, da literatura e do teatro embasam a fundamentação teórica, a exemplo de Magaldi (1998), Bornheim (1992), Schwarz (1992), Artaud (2006), DaMatta (1997), Preti (1981), Adorno e Horkheimer (1985), entre outros. Feita a revisão bibliográfica e documental, o direcionamento dos conceitos teóricos incide na análise da peça, objeto de estudo, Dois perdidos numa noite suja (1966), de Plínio Marcos. É mister destacar que a análise se pauta e evidencia-se a partir do texto dramático e não em suas vias de encenação e dramaticidade das montagens já feitas. Parte-se do texto para elucidar o quão vasto e completo o mesmo é, embora carregado de uma linguagem coloquial, em que a informalidade e a marginalidade fulguram como eixos centrais.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T19:23:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Henrique Wachholz de Souza.pdf: 9172700 bytes, checksum: 974911a1d2a6ffa227da2b1e9937a56d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-30 / The use of remote sensing technology has been studied as a way to make the current system of monitoring and crop forecasting in Brazil more efficient, dynamic and reliable. One of the difficulties found in the use of medium spatial resolution images as MODIS (250 Meters) is that the spectral profiles of temporary crops, as soybean and corn, may present similar curves, difficulting the separation of these cultures at the time of classification of the seeded areas. In this sense, the aim of this work was analyzing the pattern of temporal profiles, from the vegetation index (VI) EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index), NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and WDRVI (Wide Dynamic Range Vegetation Index), obtained by the MODIS images for the crops of corn and soybean in the crop years of 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 in the state of Paraná. The aim was performing the spectral separation of these cultures to make its mapping. The applied methodology allowed the discrimination of areas with soybean and corn (masks) for each crop year. The areas of the masks were extracted and compared with SEAB official data, finding adjustments in "R ²" between 0.89 and 0.94 for soybean and from 0.43 to 0.83 for corn. For the Willmott coefficient (d) values were between 0.85 to 0.87 for the soybean crop and 0.63 to 0.76 for corn. The accuracy of spatial masks using images with high spatial resolution achieved the best results with the IV WDRVI with overall accuracy (OA) = 86% and = 0.78, and Kappa Index (KI) IV EVI with OA and KI = 83% = 0.74. Based on these results, it can be conclude that the proposed methodology is promising and may be used for mapping of these crops in the estimation of the state area. / A utilização de tecnologias de Sensoriamento Remoto vem sendo estudada como forma de tornar o sistema atual de monitoramento e previsão de safras no Brasil mais eficiente, dinâmica e confiável. Uma das dificuldades encontrada na utilização de imagens de média resolução espacial como as do sensor MODIS (250 metros), é que os perfis espectrais de culturas temporárias, como a soja e o milho, podem apresentar curvas semelhantes, dificultando a separação dessas culturas na hora da classificação das áreas semeadas. Neste sentido, o objetivo da realização deste trabalho foi analisar o padrão de perfis temporais, provenientes dos índices de vegetação (IV) EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index), NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) e WDRVI (Wide Dynamic Range Vegetation Index), obtidos por meio de imagens do sensor MODIS, para as culturas do milho e soja, nos anos-safra 2010/2011 e 2011/2012, no estado do Paraná. Para realizar a separação espectral das referidas culturas e efetuar o seu mapeamento. A metodologia aplicada permitiu a discriminação das áreas com soja e milho (máscaras) para cada ano-safra. As áreas das máscaras foram extraídas e comparadas com os dados oficiais da SEAB, encontrando-se ajustes de coeficiente de correlação (R²) entre 0,89 a 0,94 para a cultura da soja e de 0,43 a 0,83 para milho. Para o coeficiente de Willmott d foram encontrados valores entre 0,85 e 0,87 para a cultura soja e de 0,63 a 0,76 para milho. A exatidão espacial das máscaras utilizando imagens de alta resolução espacial obteve os melhores resultados com o IV WDRVI com Exatidão Global (EG) = 86% e Índice Kappa (IK) = 0,78 e o IV EVI com EG = 83% e IK = 0,74. Com base nestes resultados, pode-se concluir que a metodologia proposta é promissora, podendo ser utilizada para mapeamento dessas culturas na estimação da área estadual.

Máscaras faciais são preparações cosméticas utilizadas desde a Antigüidade e, atualmente, têm seu uso difundido em função de suas características multifuncionais. Dentre os efeitos atribuídos a estas preparações, temos: limpeza profunda; ações tonificante, adstringente, hidratante e tensora na pele e sensação de bem-estar. Podem ser classificadas conforme sua aplicação, componentes ou grau de risco. As máscaras peel off à base de álcool polivinílico são formulações que, após a aplicação e secagem, formam um filme oclusivo sobre a face e, após sua remoção, conferem maciez, limpeza e ação tensora à pele, retirando células mortas do estrato córneo, resíduos e outros materiais depositados. O extrato de soja obtido pela fermentação do leite de soja pelo Bifidobacterium animale possui açúcares, aminoácidos, peptídeos, proteínas e alto teor de isoflavonas na forma livre, quando comparado ao leite não fermentado. Seu uso em formulações cosméticas visa combater os efeitos do envelhecimento cutâneo, propiciando hidratação, efeito tensor e emoliência à pele. Bases cosméticas de máscaras faciais peel off e emulsão óleo em água, acrescidas ou não de extrato de soja fermentado 5% p/p foram avaliadas em estudos de estabilidade física e físico-química em diversas condições de temperatura e períodos de avaliação, visando obter as de melhor desempenho para estudos clínicos. Os resultados indicaram que as preparações aditivadas com o extrato mantiveram-se estáveis quanto às suas características nos testes de estabilidade, não apresentando variações significativas. As preparações foram submetidas aos estudos clínicos em voluntários com o objetivo de avaliar seus efeitos tensor, na hidratação e na perda de água transepidérmica. Os resultados comprovaram que, em um estudo cinético, a base cosmética de máscara facial peel off , contendo ou não o extrato de soja fermentado, não apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa para as formulações de emulsão quantos à promoção de elasticidade e firmeza à pele e diminuição da perda de água transepidérmica, mas promoveu maior hidratação das camadas superficiais da pele que as preparações de emulsão óleo em água. / Facial masks are used since antiquity and, currently, its use has spread according to their multifunctional characteristics. Among the effects attributed to these preparations there are deep cleaning; invigorating, stringent, moisturizing and tensor actions and well-being sense. They can be classified according to their application, components or risk degree. Peel off facial masks based on polyvinyl alcohol are formulations that form a film on the face after application and drying. After their removal, they cause tenderness, cleaning and tensor action on the skin, removing dead cells of the stratum corneum other materials deposited. Soybean extract obtained from soymilk fermentation by Bifidobacterium animale has sugars, amino acids, peptides, proteins and high levels of free isoflavones, when compared to nonfermented milk. Its use in cosmetic formulations aims to avoid aging effects on skin, providing moisturizing, softness and tensor effect. Peel off facial masks and emulsions oil in water preparations, containing or not fermented soymilk 5% w/w were evaluated in physical and physical-chemistry stability studies in various temperature and time conditions, targeting the best formulations for clinical tests. Results indicated that preparations containing extract remained stable about their characteristics, showed no significant variations. Preparations were submitted to clinical studies in volunteers to evaluate tensor, moisturizing and transepidermal water loss effects. In a short-term study, results confirmed that peel off facial masks formulations, containing or not soybean fermented extract, showed no statistically significant difference in comparison to emulsion formulations on elasticity and firmness promotion and decreasing on transepidermal water loss. However, peel off facial masks provided greater hydration on skin surface layers than the oil in water emulsion preparations.

Detta examensarbete utreder avståndsbedömning med hjälp av bildbehandling och stereoseende för känd kamerauppställning. Idag existerar ett stort antal beräkningsmetoder för att få ut avstånd till objekt, men metodernas prestanda har knappt mätts. Detta arbete tittar huvudsakligen på olika blockbaserade metoder för avståndsbedömning och tittar på möjligheter samt begränsningar då man använder sig av känd kunskap inom bildbehandling och stereoseende för avståndsbedömning. Arbetet är gjort på Bofors Defence AB i Karlskoga, Sverige, i syfte att slutligen användas i ett optiskt sensorsystem. Arbetet utreder beprövade Resultaten pekar mot att det är svårt att bestämma en närmask, avstånd till samtliga synliga objekt, men de testade metoderna bör ändå kunna användas punktvis för att beräkna avstånd. Den bästa metoden bygger på att man beräknar minsta absolutfelet och enbart behåller de säkraste värdena.

Le témoignage de quelques artistes balinais et non balinais est le point de départ de cette recherche sur les pratiques du topeng balinais, ainsi que les enjeux interculturels qui ont été soulevés à partir de ces expériences. Dans le milieu théâtral, Bali le récit-témoignage d’Antonin Artaud sur le théâtre balinais posera les bases de la création d’une imagerie de Bali et de ses manifestations performatives. À partir des années 1970, de nombreux artistes de théâtre voyagent à Bali pour apprendre in loco ces manifestations artistiques, en particulier le topeng. Inversement, des artistes balinais voyagent à l’étranger et s’établissent dans d’autres pays. Pour les artistes non balinais, le voyage à Bali a provoqué des moments de bouleversement divers. Cette recherche essayera de confronter les apprentissages et les bouleversements des artistes balinais et non balinais pour essayer de comprendre les différents rapports au masque et à l’apprentissage de la danse. Pouvons-nous établir des lignes de transmission de ces pratiques ? Quels rapports ces artistes étrangers ont entretenu avec le topeng, avec Bali et les Balinais eux-mêmes ? Quelle est la perception de certains artistes balinais de ces étrangers ? Les différents aspects de la notion de taksu, couramment traduite par « présence de scène », seront approchés, pour essayer de comprendre les enjeux liés à ses différentes formulations. Finalement, pour moi, le voyage à Bali a signifié une transformation de ma cartographie personnelle, un changement de perspective m’amenant ainsi à repenser ce binôme Orient-Occident, tant présent dans les discussions concernant l’Asie. / Personal accounts of certain Balinese and non-Balinese artists are the point of entry of this research conducted on practices of the Balinese topeng art form, as well as the intercultural issues often emerging in such experiences. In the theatrical milieu, Antonin Artaud’s narrative-testimony would found the bases for the creation of a Balinese imaginary and its multiple performative manifestations. Beginning in the 1970s, many theatre artists voyaged to Bali to learn in loco about these different artistic manifestations, specifically topeng. Inversely, certain Balinese artists would voyage abroad, establishing themselves in other countries. For non-Balinese artists, the trip to Bali has prompted different types of upheaval. Such disruptive moments have been described as instances in which otherness is directly perceived. This research addresses the learning processes and the upheavals of Balinese and non-Balinese artists, attempting to understand the different links to the mask and to the teaching and learning of dance. Can we establish the means in which these practices are transmitted? What relations have foreign artists maintained with topeng, with Bali, with the Balinese, themselves? How do certain Balinese artists perceive foreigners? The different aspects of the notion taksu, frequently translated as “stage presence” will be analysed to better comprehend the issues surrounding its diverse formulations. Finally, engaging a personal viewpoint, my own voyage to Bali signified a transformation of my cartography, a change of perspective that permitted rethinking the binary East-West, which is so predominant in discussions concerning Asia.

Bakgrund Patienter som genomgår thoraxkirurgi har postoperativt en försämrad lungfunktion och löper större risk för att utveckla lungkomplikationer. Positivt exspiratoriskt tryck (PEP) är en metod som används för att motverka postoperativa lungkomplikationer där PEP-flaska och PEP-mask är vanliga hjälpmedel. Forcerad oscillerande teknik (FOT) är en skonsam metod för utvärdering av lungornas resistans och reaktans. Resistansen beror på friktion i luftvägarna samt deras elastiska egenskap och reaktansen är luftvägarnas egenskap att lagra energi för passiv utandning. Kunskap om hur luftvägarnas resistans och reaktans påverkas av andningsgymnastik saknas.   Syfte Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur konventionell andningsgymnastik påverkar luftvägarnas resistans och reaktans postoperativt hos patienter som genomgått öppen hjärtkirurgi då dessa mäts med oscillerande luftvågor.   Metod Patienter (n=19) som genomgått öppen hjärtkirurgi inkluderades i studien. Luftvägarnas resistans och reaktans utvärderades med FOT vid tre mättillfällen, först preoperativt sedan två dagar efter operation både före och efter andningsgymnastik. Andningsgymnastik utfördes med både PEP-flaska och PEP-mask, randomisering avgjorde vilket hjälpmedel som användes först.    Resultat Luftvägarnas resistans och reaktans försämrades 2 dagar efter operation för samtliga patienter. Efter utförd andningsgymnastik med både PEP-flaska och PEP-mask sågs en höjning av luftvägsresistans.   Slutsats Resultaten i denna studie tyder på att PEP-andning med PEP-flaska och PEP-mask påverkar luftvägarnas resistans men inte reaktans. Mer forskning krävs för att bekräfta eller motbevisa detta resultat.

Wood cutting properties for the chains of chainsaw is measured in the lab by analyzing the force, torque, consumed power and other aspects of the chain as it cuts through the wood log. One of the essential properties of the chains is the cutting efficiency which is the measured cutting surface per the power used for cutting per the time unit. These data are not available beforehand and therefore, cutting efficiency cannot be measured before performing the cut. Cutting efficiency is related to the relativehardness of the wood which means that it is affected by the existence of knots (hardstructure areas) and cracks (no material areas). The actual situation is that all the cuts with knots and cracks are eliminated and just the clean cuts are used, therefore estimating the relative wood hardness by identifying the knots and cracks beforehand can significantly help to automate the process of testing the chain properties, saving time and material and give a better understanding of cutting wood logs to improve chains quality.Many studies have been done to develop methods to analyze and measure different features of an end face. This thesis work is carried out to evaluate a machinelearning model to detect knots and cracks on end faces and to understand their impact on the average cutting efficiency. Mask R-CNN is widely used for instance segmentation and in this thesis work, Mask R-CNN is evaluated to detect and segment knots and cracks on an end face. Methods are also developed to estimatepith’s vertical position from the wood image and generate average cutting efficiency graph based on knot’s and crack’s percentage at each vertical position of wood image.

This thesis describes the problem of fiber gratings, focusing primarily on the use of Bragg's grids in the sensor. It describes the types of fiber mesh production, especially the method of writing with a phase mask. The next part deals with the possibilities of using apodization in fiber optic systems. It deals with the various functions that can be used to describe apodization. The following part describes the moire principle, especially the method of overlapping two phase masks with a different period.

The focus of this thesis is the smoothing of manually segmented 3D models of mouse embryo craniofacial cartilege. During the process of manual segmentation, artefacts and other imperfections appear in the final models and need to be repaired. Firstly, manual segmentation is corrected using gradients and thresholding. Subsequent smoothing methods are constructed based on theoretical research. Algorithmizing is executed in the MATLAB environment. All the designed algorithms are then tested on selected models. Statistical evaluation is determined using the Srensen–Dice coefficient, where manually smoothened models cleared of all artefacts are used as the gold standard.

The main aim of this master’s thesis is to get acquainted with the theory of the current segmentation methods, that use deep learning. Segmentation neural network that will be capable of segmenting individual instances of the objects will be proposed and created based on theoretical knowledge. The main focus of the segmentation neural network will be segmentation of electronic components from printed circuit boards.