This thesis is an exploration of how an existing parking lot in Washington, DC is transformed into a greenspace with ten public pavilions. This structured garden is designed to promote solitude and reflection and to develop an awareness of path, movement, composition, scale, and material. / Master of Architecture

Yes / The tranquillity in national parks worldwide is currently under threat from intrusion of anthropogenic noise of a growing tourism industry and activity related to park management. This was addressed by creating informative tranquillity maps, where perceived tranquillity can be considered a key indicator of soundscape quality in natural areas. Tranquillity of an area can be assessed using TRAPT (Tranquillity Rating Prediction Tool), that has been developed and refined for assessing urban green spaces, national parks and wilderness areas in the United Kingdom. The subjective response to helicopter noise levels of a sample group of 35 people representing the general New Zealand population was obtained, based on visual and audio stimuli that were collected in Aoraki/Mt Cook National Park. These results were used to produce a revised TRAPT equation. It was discovered that levels under 32 dBA correspond to an excellent level of tranquillity. This thresholdwas used to produce a noise level exposure calculation for two national parks using noise prediction model AEDT (Aviation Environmental Development Tool). Contours representing tranquillity duration were then calculated and plotted, to serve as a planning tool for use by the Department of Conservation. A similar approach could be used for other national parks worldwide

Hoang Lien National Park has a total area of 68569ha, located at an altitude of above sea 1000-3000m in the territory of the two provinces of Lai Chau and Lao Cai in Vietnam. It has a diversity of flora with 3252 species (including 775 endemic species and 236 endangered species), belonging to 1126 genera, 230 families and 6 different divisions. Due to the mountainous terrain, division diversity of Hoang Lien National Park’s vegetation is thus clearly characterized by high elevations. We have studied the distribution characteristics of the vegetation by high elevations in Hoang Lien National Park of Vietnam by the general survey methodology, fieldwork, remote sensing digital image processing and analysis and inheriting the preceding research results. The study results indicated the divisions in quantity, vegetation composition, especially differentiation of endemic and rare species in accordance with high elevations. Study results were preliminary used to suggest some orientations for preserving plant diversity in high elevations of the terrain. / Vườn quốc gia Hoàng Liên có tổng diện tích 68569ha, nằm ở độ cao từ 1000-3000m so với mặt biển thuộc lãnh thổ hai tỉnh Lai Châu và Lào Cai của Việt Nam. Hệ thực vật của Vườn quốc gia Hoàng Liên rất phong phú với 3252 loài (trong đó có 775 loài đặc hữu và 236 loài quý hiếm), thuộc 1126 chi, 230 họ và 6 ngành khác nhau. Do địa hình núi cao, phân hóa đa dạng nên thảm thực vật của Vườn quốc gia Hoàng Liên có đặc trưng phân hóa theo đai cao rất rõ nét. Bằng các phương pháp điều tra tổng hợp, khảo sát thực địa, xử lí phân tích ảnh viễn thám và kế thừa các kết quả nghiên cứu đi trước nhóm tác giả đã tiến hành nghiên cứu đặc điểm phân bố thảm thực vật theo đai cao tại Vườn quốc gia Hoàng Liên của Việt Nam. Kết quả nghiên cứu chỉ rõ sự phân hoá về số lượng, thành phần hệ thực vật theo đai cao và phân hóa thành phần loài đặc hữu và quý hiếm theo đai cao. Bước đầu nghiên cứu đề xuất một vài định hướng bảo tồn đa dạng thực vật theo đai cao của địa hình.

Associative relationships among mangrove species and macroinvertebrate species were analysed for ecosystems of Xuan Thuy National Park. Census of mangrove species with allometric measurements was conducted in selected plots, and census of macroinvertebrate species was conducted in quadrats inside of mangrove species census plots. Correlational analysis among allometrically estimated aboveground biomass of mangrove species and population of macroinvertebrate species was examined by clustering method. High level of similarity was resulted for specific macroinvertebrate species with specific mangrove species in annual and seasonal basis. Moreover, indicator macroinvertebrate species is proposed based on indicator value index method. / Các mối quan hệ giữa thực vật ngập mặn và động vật không xương sống cỡ lớn được phân tích trong các hệ sinh thái của Vườn quốc gia Xuân Thủy. Khảo sát về số lượng của các loài cây ngập mặn cùng với các phép đo tương quan sinh trưởng được tiến hành trong các ô tiêu chuẩn, và nghiên cứu về thành phần loài và mật độ động vật không xương sống cỡ lớn được thực hiện trong các ô tiêu chuẩn này. Phân tích tương quan giữa sinh khối ước tính trên mặt đất của các loài cây ngập mặn và các quần thể động vật không xương sống cỡ lớn đã được thực hiện bằng phương pháp nhóm. Giữa các loài động vật không xương sống cỡ lớn đặc trưng với các loài cây ngập mặn đặc trưng đã cho thấy mức độ tương đồng cao theo năm và theo mùa. Hơn thế nữa, các loài động vật không xương sống cỡ lớn chỉ thị được đề xuất dựa trên phương pháp chỉ số giá trị chỉ thị.

Biodiversity indicators for the conservation of mangrove ecosystems of Xuan Thuy National Park were composed, taking into account the environmental, biotic, and anthropological factors, based on suggested indicators provided by the Convention on Biological Diversity. Relevant environmental, biotic, and anthropological factors, identified by bibliographic and field surveys, were ordered by Pressures, State, Benefits, and Responses categories following the guidance of the Biodiversity Indicators Partnership. Furthermore, the linked relationships among the indicators were identified for effective monitoring of biodiversity in Xuan Thuy National Park. / Dựa trên các chỉ thị được gợi ý từ Công ước về Đa dạng sinh học, các chỉ thị đa dạng sinh học phục vụ công tác bảo tồn các hệ sinh thái rừng ngập mặn của Vườn Quốc gia Xuân Thủy đã được xây dựng, có tính đến các yếu tố môi trường, sinh học và con người. Các yếu tố môi trường, sinh học và con người có liên quan, được xác định bằng việc tổng hợp và đánh giá các tài liệu và các đợt điều tra ngoài thực địa, dưới trật tự các nhóm Áp lực, Tình trạng, Lợi ích và Đáp ứng theo hướng dẫn của Đối tác chỉ thị đa dạng sinh học. Hơn thế nữa, các mối quan hệ liên kết giữa các chỉ thị đã được xác định nhằm quan trắc hiệu quả đa dạng sinh học ở Vườn Quốc gia Xuân Thủy.

National Parks bear greater implications than simply preserving or conserving pockets of landscape. They evoke values of conservation versus development, livelihood economics, environmental stewardship and personal enrichment; they fulfil positions in relation to the national and the international stage. Social characteristics are revealed though this comparative study of Banff National Park and the Cairngorms National Park. Perceptions of space, place and boundaries crucially imply different meanings to the people living inside the national park boundaries and those living outside the boundaries. 'Insiders' are long-term permanent residents for whom being in the park is a practical activity; 'outsiders' include scientists, conservationists, bureaucrats, and tourists, who take various ideological positions regarding the park's purpose. Both sides take a serious interest in the park and how it is managed and regard it as a place where they are 'at home'. Groups within these spaces considers their values and rights superior to others and conflict often arises. Non-violent means of gaining power as theorized by Foucault and Bourdieu, employing knowledge and discourse, are highly suggestive in the study of national parks. Discourse of nature is strategically significant as it influences purpose and policy that drive government's decisions on how the park will be managed - in this way discourse shapes the culture of how we use nature. Knowledge, as symbolic capital and as the basis for truth, sparks divisiveness - in particular scientific knowledge versus experiential knowledge. Changes to the exclusive North American model, such as those instituted in the Caimgorms, mark the increased social utility and inclusive nature of national parks. The challenge remains for park managers to reconcile values connected with nationalism and environmental ethics with values connected with local livelihoods.

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An inadequate music education program should give rise to some thought and action on the part of any serious-minded progressive teacher in that field, It is not enough to suspect or to discover faults, but a way to improve the situation should be attempted. Best practices should be evaluated and objectives formulated for future procedure through cooperative planning.

The purpose of my thesis is to analyze the legal regulation systems in the Czech Republic and Poland, compare them, show the attitudes of the two countries on this issue and propose potential changes in Czech legislation. The comparative method of research was chosen because of its suitability for the geographical, historical and social proximity between the Czech Republic and Poland. The thesis is composed of five chapters. Chapter One illustrates the historical development of legal regulation and is divided into three subchapters, the first dealing with Czech history, the second with Polish history and the last with the history of the Krkonoše/Karkonosze National Park, now a transboundary park (from the very beginning, the Czech and the Polish parts cooperated with each other). The second chapter consists of four parts and concerns international law. Subchapter One is about historical development, Subchapter Two focuses on IUCN, Subchapter Three contains two parts - examples of international and regional treaties. Subchapter Four describes transboundary cooperation and transnational forms of nature preservation in the Krkonoše/Karkonosze National Park. Chapter Three characterises EU legislation. Subchapter One is devoted to historical development, Subchapter Two is divided into four parts: Birds...

Fecal samples were obtained from guenons in Gombe National Park utilizing noninvasive, opportunistic sampling techniques. Samples were then examined for the presence of gastrointestinal parasites using chlorazol black stain, Lugol’s iodine staining, as well as concentration via fecal flotation with Sheather’s sugar solution. Results were analyzed using SPSS (IBM corp), and compared to other forested regions in Africa to determine whether hybridization influences parasite prevalence of these guenons living in Gombe; and if these guenons differ from similar guenons in other regions of Africa. The null hypothesis was unable to be rejected in all cases; hybridization could not be stated as a contributing factor for differences found in parasitic prevalence rates. Furthermore, no statistical difference was found between Gombe’s guenons, and those living in other regions of Africa in most cases. The author suspects that the abundance of parasitic generalists discovered, small sample size, and opportunistic sampling protocol contribute to these finding. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2017. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection