Mitigating the projections of climate change will require large investments in renewableenergy sources. In Sweden, a major share of new renewable energy production will have tocome from wind power. However, in 2009 wind power provided less than 2 percent of thecountry’s energy consumption.The main purpose of this thesis is to further the understanding of issues that affect thedevelopment of wind power in Sweden.The study has been carried out by qualitative interviews with five of the country’s leadingwind power developers. Duncan’s concept of external environment has been applied to definethe study and develop the interview questions.The study has resulted in the findings of eight key issues that affect the development of windpower in Sweden as well as areas in need of improvements from an investor’s perspective.Overall the thesis finds that wind power developers are very happy with the efforts from theSwedish government and the present conditions will likely allow wind power to have agrowing place in the Swedish energy system, provided that the current positive conditions are maintained.

Recent shifts towards ecosystem based fisheries management (EBFM) around the world have necessitated consideration of effects of fishing on a larger range of species than previously. Non-selective multispecies fisheries are particularly problematic for EBFM, as they can contribute to erosion of ecosystem structure. The trade-off between catch of productive commercial species and abundance of low-productivity species is unavoidable in most multispecies fisheries. A first step in evaluation of this trade-off is estimation of productivity of different species but this is often hampered by poor data. This thesis develops techniques for estimating productivity for data-limited species and aims to help clarify EBFM policy objectives for the fisheries of New South Wales (NSW), Australia. It begins with development of an age-structured model parameterised in terms of optimal harvest rate, UMSY. UMSY is a measure of productivity, comparable among species and easily communicated to managers. It also represents a valid threshold for prevention of overfishing. The model is used to derive UMSY for 54 Atlantic fish stocks for which recruitment parameters had previously been estimated. In most cases, UMSY was strongly limited by the age at which fish were first caught. However, for some species, UMSY was more strongly constrained by life history attributes. The model was then applied to twelve species of Australian deepwater dogshark (Order Squaliformes), known to have been severely depleted by fishing. Results showed that the range of possible values of UMSY for these species is very low indeed. These findings enabled a preliminary stock assessment for three dogsharks (Centrophorus spp.) currently being considered for threatened species listing. Preliminary results suggest they have been overfished and that overfishing continues. Finally, an Ecopath with Ecosim ecosystem model, representing the 1976 NSW continental slope, is used to illustrate trade-offs in implementation of fishing policies under alternative policy objectives. Results are compared with those of a biogeochemical ecosystem model (Atlantis) of the same system, built by scientists from CSIRO. While there were large differences in model predictions for individual species, they gave similar results when ranking alternative fishing policies, suggesting that ecosystem models may be useful for exploring broad-scale strategic management options. / Science, Faculty of / Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute for / Graduate

When working with embedded systems, secure and fast applications are desired. To achieve this the applications needs to be analyzed and optimized so that they will not be deadlocked or communicate inefficiently. For this purpose an analysis program that can track communications, deadlocks and response times is needed. Operating System Embedded, OSE, is a wide spread real-time operating system that is used in embedded systems. OSE-applications are excellent candidates for analysis and there exists such a tool, VirtualTime, for that purpose. To analyze an OSE-application a model needs to be written that VirtualTime can analyze. This takes up time and effort as the models can require a lot of work to write. In this thesis we have investigated and implemented a prototype that translates OSE-application code into VirtualTime simulation model code. We used the transformation tool TXL to translate communication and timing behaviors. In the translation one needs to preserve the communication and timing behavior and throw away other unnecessary code in the OSE-application. This complicates the translation and sophisticated methods like backward slicing might be necessary. A proposed method in this thesis could help with the problem.

Les leucémies aiguës myéloïdes (LAM) sont des proliférations malignes de cellules progénitrices de la moelle osseuse, dont l'incidence augmente avec l'âge. Elles se caractérisent par l'accumulation dans le sang et dans la moelle de cellules hématopoïétiques immatures. Il s'agit de tumeurs particulièrement agressives, dont le traitement repose avant tout sur une chimiothérapie intensive. La netrin-1 est un ligand soluble impliqué notamment dans le développement du système nerveux central et le système vasculaire. La netrin-1 interagit avec de nombreux récepteurs, dont Deleted in Colon Cancer (DCC) et les récepteurs de la famille UNC5H qui sont des récepteurs à dépendance. Ceux-ci ont la particularité d'entrainer une signalisation positive lorsqu'ils sont lié à leur ligand et en revanche de déclencher activement l'apoptose ne l'absence de ce ligand. Le rôle oncogénique de la netrin-1 et le rôle de suppresseur de tumeur de ses récepteurs à dépendance a été démontré dans plusieurs tumeurs solides, mais leur rôle reste en cours d'exploration dans les hémopathies.Comme cela a pu être démontré dans d'autres modèles, le netrin-1 et plusieurs de ses récepteurs sont surexprimés les LAM. Dans ce travail nous démontrons que la netrin-1 a un effet protecteur contre l'apoptose induite par ses récepteurs à dépendance. En conséquence, le traitement avec un anticorps monoclonal interférant dans la liaison de la netrin-1 et de ses récepteurs et notamment UNC5B entraine l'apoptose des cellules leucémiques. Ces données suggèrent que l'inhibition de l'interaction de la netrin-1 avec ses récepteurs peut avoir un effet thérapeutique dans les LAM / Acute myloide leukemias (AML) are malignant proliferation of bonoe marrow progenitor cells. Their incidence increases with age. Clinical symptoms are due to the accumulation of immature hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow and in the blood. AML are very aggressive tumors and there treatment is currently based on intensive chemotherapy.Netrin-1 is a diffusible ligand which provides important guidance cue during the development of the central nervous system as well as that of the vascular system. Netrin-1 interacts with many receptors among which are Deleted in Colon Cancer (DCC) and receptors of the UNC5H family which are dependence receptors. These receptors induce a positive signaling when bound to their receptors but can also induce an apoptotic signal when their ligand is unbound. There is emerging data suggesting that netrin-1 has oncogenic properties, while dependence receptors behave as tumor suppressors in several cancer models, but the role of netrin-1 and its receptors is unknown in hematological malignancies.As seen in other models, we show that netrin-1 is overexpressed in a sizable fraction of AML cases. Furthermore, netrin-1 prevents apoptosis by binding to its dependence receptors. Consequently interfering with the binding of netrin-1 to its dependence receptors, using a netrin-1 directed monoclonal antibody, induces apoptosis in AML cells. These data suggest that therapeutic interference with netrin-1’s binding to dependence receptor may have activity in AML

Cross-border M&A’s have been gaining momentum in the past decades. As growth opportunities are becoming scarce, more and more multinational corporations seek their expansion opportunities across the border through M&A’s. Whether these cross-border M&A’s add value has been a heavily debated topic. This research takes a value adding perspective by showing the effect of financial market development and capital dependence on the abnormal returns of acquiring firms from the US. Our results show that the effects of financial development and capital dependence are statistically significant, but their financial significance is small.

La présente thèse offre une nouvelle explication des variations du taux de propriété de différents pays en mobilisant de larges parts de la littérature existante en histoire urbaine et des données portant sur les villes. La littérature existante a souvent son origine dans l’opposition des pays germanophones et des pays anglophones, les derniers montrant un taux de propriété systématiquement plus élevé que les premiers. Par une étude historique comparative des cas américain et allemand, considérés comme exemplaire pour les types de pays, la thèse essaie de répondre à la question que pose l’écart persistant entre les taux de propriété allemand et américain. La présente thèse argue que c’étaient des différences en organisations urbaines au 19e siècle et de différentes institutions de financement de logement et de construction qui ont mis les pays sur des trajectoires différentes. Elle maintient que le laissez-faire de certaines municipalités faibles a plutôt privilégie des villes périurbanisées sous formes de maisons individuelles aux États-Unis, alors que les municipalités corporatistes allemandes tendaient à mener aux villes compactes d’immeubles de rapport ; que le développement de sociétés d’épargne-logement américaines favorisait le financement de maisons en propriété individuelle, alors que les banques hypothécaires allemandes et les associations de logement privilégiaient les immeubles de location ; que l’émergence d’une production Fordiste des pavillons standardisés facilitait la vulgarisation de la propriété, alors que la production artisanale allemande la limitait. Une fois ces structures établie – ainsi va l’argument faisant allusion à la dépendance au sentier – elles furent perpétuées par des mécanismes de pouvoir de groupes d’intérêt, de fonctionnalité économique, alors que des processus de conversion du locatif en propriété ainsi que de la périurbanisation pouvaient contrecarrer cette inertie structurelle. / The thesis gives an answer to the question of why different countries ended up with different rates of homeowners and tenants in the 20th-century. The literature identifies Germanspeaking countries of low homeownership rates around 40% and English-speaking countries of high homeownership rates of more than 60%, with France falling in between the two groups. Moreover, most of these differences have persisted through the second half of the 20th-century and can be shown to reach back to different urban homeownership rates around 1900. The homeownership-question is of importance beyond the mere question of tenure as studies have associated homeownership questions with stability in financial crises, with embourgeoisement of the working-class in life-style, attitudes and voting behavior or with different unemployment rates. Existing explanations have used post-1980 international, regional or individual data to explain homeownership differences through socio-demographic, economic or urbanization differences, through a public-welfare/homeownership trade-off or else through cultural preferences. These explanations fail to account, however, for the persistent country differences that existed already prior to the 1980s and prior to government intervention in housing. The thesis, by contrast, goes back to 19th-century differences of urban organization, housing finance and the construction sector to claim that countries were historically set on different housing trajectories establishing differences hard to reverse in later periods. The US and Germany are chosen for historic case studies of the often opposed country groups. France is included to use the variables found for explaining why a country of similar welfare type as Germany kept a persistently higher urban homeownership rate. The thesis claims that different complementary institutions in city organization, the housing finance and construction industry locked countries into inert physical and institutional structures of either the compact tenement city-form in Germany or the suburbanized form of a city of homes like in the United States. More concretely, functional complementarities of public welfare cities, housing cooperatives, mortgage banks and a raftsmanship production of solid single-unit homes led to the German tenant-dominance, whereas private cities, savings and loans (SLAs) and a Fordist mass production of single-family homes created the American production regime in favor of more accessible homeownership. Though the thesis establishes the argument for Germany and the US in historic case studies, it tries to make plausible that it can be extended to other German- and English-speaking countries. The innovation of the thesis concerning the particular explanatory puzzle lies in its reference to relevant historical prior causes, its inclusion of the urban level of analysis and the combination of three institutional factors – urban organization, housing finance, construction – that even singly have not been put forward yet in comparative explanations. The thesis contributes to the literature on path dependencies that identifies distant occurrences as longterm causes for hard-to-reverse historical trajectories. On a theoretical level, the study contributes to research in a yet little noticed type of market, i.e. markets for durable goods whose use stretches over time, and which therefore requires history-directed explanations.

No description available.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Cooperation between companies by networks can be seen as a mechanism for them to get the resources that they are missing. The fact to emphasize is that the resources offered by networks can become unique over time for member companies, making them dependent to network. Networks, in turn, generally have a large dependence of the companies in the early stages of its evolution, because they use social mechanisms to control and execute their activities. Specifically, this interdependency relationship between networks and their member companies is what instigates the realization of this work. In theory, it was also found a theoretical gap on this subject. Thus, the aim of this work is to see how the relationship of interdependence between network-business and business-network develops along the evolution of inter-organizational networks. For this, an empirical research was conducted in networks that were in different stages of development, either: Formation, Development and Professionalization. For data collection, interviews were conducted with the presidents of these networks and two members of each of them. The presidents were asked about factors that would generate dependence of networks on member companies. The members, in turn, were questioned about aspects that made them dependent on the networks in which they were inserted. Among the main results of this research, we emphasize the fact that it was displayed a clear reversal in the investigated relationship of interdependence. In the early stages of evolution of networks, these are very dependent on their members. This dependence decreases as the network acquires new members and develops. For companies, the opposite occurs, they are becoming increasingly dependent on the network as it generates the resources they need. Among the contributions of the work is the verification of factors that direct dependence between the parties studied, and the relation between governance modes used by networks with the reversal of the investigated relationship of interdependence. / A cooperação entre empresas na forma de redes pode ser considerada um mecanismo para elas conseguirem os recursos que lhes são faltantes. O fato a ressaltar é que os recursos proporcionados pelas redes podem se tornar únicos ao longo do tempo para as empresas integrantes, tornando-as dependentes da rede. Já as redes, por sua vez, possuem, geralmente, uma grande dependência das empresas integrantes nas fases iniciais de sua evolução, pelo fato de usar mecanismos sociais para o controle e efetivação de suas atividades. Especificamente, essa relação de interdendência entre redes e suas empresas integrantes é que instiga a realização desse trabalho. Na teoria, verificou-se também uma lacuna teórica sobre esse assunto. Diante disso, o objetivo geral deste trabalho é verificar como se desenvolve a relação de interdependência rede-empresa e empresa-rede ao longo da evolução das redes interorganizacionais. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa com redes que se encontravam em fases distintas de evolução, sejam elas: Formação, Desenvolvimento e Profissionalização. Para coleta de dados, realizaram-se entrevistas com os presidentes dessas redes e mais dois integrantes de cada uma delas. Aos presidentes foram questionados fatores que gerassem a dependência das redes para com as empresas integrantes. Já aos integrantes, foram questionados aspectos que os tornassem dependentes das redes em que estavam inseridos. Dentre os principais resultados dessa pesquisa, ressalta-se o fato de ter sido visualizada uma clara inversão na relação de interdependência investigada. Nas fases iniciais de evolução das redes, estas são bastante dependentes dos seus integrantes. Essa dependência vai diminuindo conforme a rede adquire novos integrantes e se desenvolve. Para as empresas, ocorre o inverso, elas vão se tornando cada vez mais dependentes da rede à medida que esta gera os recursos de que necessitam. Entre as contribuições do trabalho está a verificação de fatores que direcionam a dependência entre as partes estudadas, e a relação entre os modos de governança utilizados pelas redes com a verificação da inversão da relação de interdependência investigada.

No description available.

Title: Dependence of the handball game result on quantity and efficiency of shots from wing position area Objectives: Main objective of this thesis was to determine dependence of the handball game result on quantity and efficiency of shots from wing position area. Next subject of research was to compare average values of both, quantity and efficiancy, of winning and loosing teams. Methods: statistical analysis, average value, comparison of average value Results: It was found out, that results of handball games shows possitive dependance on quantity and efficiancy of shots from wing position area. Results of evarege value of quantity and efficiancy on winning team are greater than average values on loosing team (excluded only the quantity in games between teams to be ranked on place 1-6). Key words: wing position, quantity, efficiency, game result dependence