The thesis examines the regulation of pastoral care in the sector of civil aviation by the laws of the Roman Catholic Church (Latin Church). The general part first describes the theological reasons for special pastoral care, as well as the inception and development of its institutional organisation. The core of the general part of the thesis consists of identifying and interpreting the relevant legal standards of the Roman Catholic Church's (Latin Church's) general canon law. Attention is devoted in particular to the possibilities of organisational arrangement, the issue of airport chapels, their canonical status and use, individuals providing pastoral care, the specific issues of communicatio in sacris and the possibility of regulation by particular law. The special part of the thesis describes how pastoral care in civil aviation is organised in selected European Union member states and how it may be modified by particular law. Keywords Canon law, particular law, pastoral care, civil aviation, airport, chaplain, airport chaplaincy.

Improving the predictability of airline schedules in the National Airspace System (NAS) has been a constant endeavor, particularly as system delays grow with ever-increasing demand. Airline schedules need to be resistant to perturbations in the system including Ground Delay Programs (GDPs) and inclement weather. The strategic search heuristic proposed in this dissertation significantly improves airline schedule reliability by assigning airport departure and arrival slots to each flight in the schedule across a network of airports. This is performed using a multi-objective optimization approach that is primarily based on historical flight and taxi times but also includes certain airline, airport, and FAA priorities. The intent of this algorithm is to produce a more reliable, robust schedule that operates in today's environment as well as tomorrow's 4-Dimensional Trajectory Controlled system as described the FAA's Next Generation ATM system (NextGen). This novel airline schedule optimization approach is implemented using a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm which is capable of incorporating limited airport capacities. The core of the fitness function is an extensive database of historic operating times for flight and ground operations collected over a two year period based on ASDI and BTS data. Empirical distributions based on this data reflect the probability that flights encounter various flight and taxi times. The fitness function also adds the ability to define priorities for certain flights based on aircraft size, flight time, and airline usage. The algorithm is applied to airline schedules for two primary US airports: Chicago O'Hare and Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson. The effects of this multi-objective schedule optimization are evaluated in a variety of scenarios including periods of high, medium, and low demand. The schedules generated by the optimization algorithm were evaluated using a simple queuing simulation model implemented in AnyLogic. The scenarios were simulated in AnyLogic using two basic setups: (1) using modes of flight and taxi times that reflect highly predictable 4-Dimensional Trajectory Control operations and (2) using full distributions of flight and taxi times reflecting current day operations. The simulation analysis showed significant improvements in reliability as measured by the mean square difference (MSD) of filed versus simulated flight arrival and departure times. Arrivals showed the most consistent improvements of up to 80% in on-time performance (OTP). Departures showed reduced overall improvements, particularly when the optimization was performed without the consideration of airport capacity. The 4-Dimensional Trajectory Control environment more than doubled the on-time performance of departures over the current day, more chaotic scenarios. This research shows that airline schedule reliability can be significantly improved over a network of airports using historical flight and taxi time data. It also provides for a mechanism to prioritize flights based on various airline, airport, and ATC goals. The algorithm is shown to work in today's environment as well as tomorrow's NextGen 4-Dimensional Trajectory Control setup.

Master of Science / Department of Civil Engineering / Mustaque A. Hossain / The objective of this research project was to assess the condition of general aviation airport pavements in Kansas. The study was also intended to form the basis for a pavement management system (PMS). A total of 137 runways from 107 airports across the state were surveyed. MicroPAVER, a PMS system developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, was selected as the platform for the PMS. An inventory database was developed for all runways in the network. Information about the construction and maintenance history was entered into the MicroPAVER database. On-site surveys were conducted between the months of May and July of 2008 to assess pavement conditions in terms of the Pavement Condition Index (PCI), following the methodology outlined by ASTM D 5340-04 and adopted by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Approximately 68% of the sections surveyed were in “good” to “satisfactory” condition. Almost one-third of the network can be rated as “good.” About 21% of the sections studied were in “fair” condition. Overall, the condition of the network can be rated as “satisfactory.” A condition prediction curve was developed for each of the two different types of surfaces. From the prediction curves created using MicroPAVER, it was estimated that the number of branches rated as “good” could decrease by 50% by 2010. As much as 44% of the network could have a rating of “fair” by 2013 if the sections receive only routine maintenance. Two budget scenario comparison reports developed show that the 108 runways of the 78 general aviation airports eligible for FAA funding in Kansas could be brought to a “satisfactory” rating or above (i.e. average PCI ≥ 70) by spending approximately $15 million on average per year for the next five years.

Denna studie är upprättat utefter en kvalitativ branschsektorstudie för att erhålla en djupare förståelse för flygplatsens servicelandskap och kartlägga sinnesmarknadsföringens möjligheter inom sektorn. Syftet är att klarlägga och diskutera värdehöjande faktorer som kan vara betydelsefulla för intressenter på en flygplats. Vidare ämnar studien klargöra vad resenärer uppfattar som specifikt viktigt på en flygplats för att slutligen tydliggöra betydelsen av olika sinnesintryck. I vår studie framkom servicelandskapet, sinnesmarknadsföring och värdeskapande som tre komponenter vars samspel har en inverkan på resenärens helhetsupplevelse i en flygplatsmiljö. Fem tendenser lyfts fram; basfaktorer, sinnesbevis, den regionala prägeln, hinder samt självstyrande passagerarflöden som väsentliga faktorer att beakta på en flygplats. Vi finner klara bevis för att flygplatsen med relativt små medel kan göra stora intryck med avseende att skapa en utökad sinnesupplevelse för resenären och en mer tilltalande servicemiljö. / This study is established on a qualitative industry sector research in order to obtain a deeper understanding of the airport's servicescape, and identify sensory marketing opportunities in the sector. The purpose of this study is to identify and discuss the value-enhancing factors that may be of importance for stakeholders in an airport. Further the study intends to clarify what travellers perceive as particularly important in the airport to finally clear the importance of sensory stimulations. In our study it was revealed that servicescape, sensory marketing and value co-creation as three components whose interaction has an impact on the traveler's overall experience in an airport environment. Five trends are highlighted; basic factors, sensory evidence, the regional character, barriers and self-governing passenger flows as key factors to consider in an airport. We find clear evidence that the airport with limited resources can make big impression with regard to creating an enhanced sensory experience for the traveler and a more attractive service environment.

L'objectif principal de cette thèse consiste à apporter une contribution méthodologique à la gestion de la sûreté et de coût de la sûreté aéroportuaire. Nous avons proposé un modèle logique du système de contrôle du flux des passagers au départ dans un aéroport. La finalité de ce modèle a permis de tester différents scénarios d'attaque du système, d'analyser le comportement du système dans ces conditions et d'en évaluer la perméabilité. Nous nous sommes ensuite intéressé à l'évaluation du système de contrôle des flux de passagers à l'embarquement au travers d'une approche probabiliste. Ceci conduit à la formulation de problèmes d'optimisation permettant d'améliorer les performances du système de contrôle. Afin d'obtenir la modélisation mathématique des flux de passagers au départ dans une aérogare, nous avons introduit les facteurs temps et espace par rapport au modèle précédent afin de le rendre plus proche de l'opérationnel. Enfin, nous nous sommes intéressés à l'optimisation des affectations des ressources matérielles et humaines destinées au contrôle du trafic de passagers. Le modèle spatio-temporel développé précédemment est mis à profit pour quantifier de façon dynamique, l'attribution des ressources matérielles et humaines au niveau de l'inspection filtrage et surtout d'améliorer la qualité de service. Beaucoup reste à faire dans ce domaine et le développement d'outils de modélisation, d'analyse et d'aide à la décision tels que ceux qui ont été esquissés dans ce mémoire semble s'imposer pour assurer l'optimisation de l'affectation des ressources de la sûreté aéroportuaire et ainsi garantir non seulement la qualité du service de contrôle mais aussi le niveau de coûts en résultant. / Since the tragic events of September 11, aviation security is jeopardized. Many measures were taken both from the standpoint of improved procedures for improving the performance of security officers and equipment safety. Despite the implementation of new procedures and new measures, many events have shaken the airport security system established by ICAO, these include, the latest of which is the attempt acts of unlawful interference in December 2009. The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to methodological constraints security management and cost of airport security. To fight effectively against illegal acts, the standard 4.4.1 of Schedule 17 to the Chicago Convention states: “Each Contracting State shall establish measures to ensure that passengers from flights of commercial air transport and their cabin baggage are subjected to screened before boarding an aircraft departing from an area of security restricted”. The security check is then one of the highlights of airport security. We therefore propose a model system logic to control the flow of departing passengers at an airport. The purpose of this model was used to test different scenarios of attack system, analyze system behavior under these conditions and to assess permeability. We are then interested in evaluating the system of controlling the flow of passengers boarding through a probabilistic approach. This then leads to the formulation of optimization problems to improve the performance of the control system. It is then possible to establish operational procedures leading to improved system performance of passenger screening. To obtain the mathematical modeling of flow of departing passengers in a terminal, we introduced the factors of time and space relative to the previous model to make it closer to the operational. In this model, which adopts a network structure to describe the process and the transfer of passengers between the terminal sites, in particular allows to represent queues and waiting times inflicted on passengers. Finally, we are interested in optimizing the allocation of human and material resources for the control of passenger traffic. The spatio-temporal model developed previously is used to quantify dynamically allocating human and material resources at the security check and especially to improve the quality of service. This optimization allows us to formulate effective policies to manage the short term. Finally, modeling the performance of safety was performed according to a probabilistic point of view and then a dynamic perspective and space. In both cases the optimization problems were formulated based on the determination of operational parameters to improve system performance. Much remains to be done in this area and the development of tools for modeling, analysis and decision support such as those outlined in this paper seems to be necessary to ensure optimal allocation resources for airport security and so ensure not only quality service but also control the level of the resulting costs.

Energy storage using Phase Change Materials (PCMs) offers the advantage of higher heat capacity at specific temperature ranges, compared to single phase storage. Incorporating PCMs in lightweight buildings can therefore improve the thermal mass, and reduce indoor temperature fluctuations and energy demand. Large atrium buildings, such as Airport terminal spaces, are typically thermally lightweight structures, with large open indoor spaces, large glazed envelopes, high ceilings and non-uniform internal heat gains. The Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) systems constitute a major portion of the overall energy demand of such buildings. This study presented a case study of the energy saving potential of three different PCM systems (PCM floor tiles, PCM glazed envelope and a retrofitted PCM-HX system) in an airport terminal space. A quasi-dynamic coupled TRNSYS®-FLUENT® simulation approach was used to evaluate the energy performance of each PCM system in the space. FLUENT® simulated the indoor air-flow and PCM, whilst TRNSYS® simulated the HVAC system. Two novel PCM models were developed in FLUENT® as part of this study. The first model improved the phase change conduction model by accounting for hysteresis and non-linear enthalpy-temperature relationships, and was developed using data from Differential Scanning Calorimetry tests. This model was validated with data obtained in a custom-built test cell with different ambient and internal conditions. The second model analysed the impact of radiation on the phase change behaviour. It was developed using data from spectrophotometry tests, and was validated with data from a custom-built PCM-glazed unit. These developed phase change models were found to improve the prediction errors with respect to conventional models, and together with the enthalpy-porosity model, they were used to simulate the performance of the PCM systems in the airport terminal for different operating conditions. This study generally portrayed the benefits and flexibility of using the coupled simulation approach in evaluating the building performance with PCMs, and showed that employing PCMs in large, open and thermally lightweight spaces can be beneficial, depending on the configuration and mode of operation of the PCM system. The simulation results showed that the relative energy performance of the PCM systems relies mainly on the type and control of the system, the night recharge strategy, the latent heat capacity of the system, and the internal heat gain schedules. Semi-active systems provide more control flexibility and better energy performance than passive systems, and for the case of the airport terminal, the annual energy demands can be reduced when night ventilation of the PCM systems is not employed. The semi-active PCM-HX-8mm configuration without night ventilation, produced the highest annual energy and CO2 emissions savings of 38% and 23%, respectively, relative to a displacement conditioning (DC) system without PCM systems.

The topic of the diploma thesis is commercial suburbanization and its relation to concept Edge city. The main objectives of the thesis are an analysis of development of commercial activities in Prague and its hinterland, evaulation of current development of commercial activities on area of Prague airport and prediction of future possibilities of development and comparison of Prague airport with a concept Edge city. First chapters deal with theoretical questions of the suburbanization and Edge city. Next chapter defines the locality of interest - Václav Havel Airport Prague. The tool used for this is development analysis of commercial activities of Prague metropolitan area. In the case study there are analyzed commercial activities at Prague airport and its hinterland and the premises for the future development. Based on this study the locality is compared with concept Edge city. For this purpose are used criteria according Joel Garreau and following concepts and sources. Although the chosen locality is not real Edge city, it is possible to find some similarities typical for its initial phase. Long-term development of Edge cities in the USA shows the possible threats and provides with learnings for the chosen locality like for instance rebuilding or conflict with residential suburbanization.

O tráfego aéreo brasileiro aumentou sensivelmente nos últimos anos e tem previsões de aumento acima da média mundial para as próximas duas décadas, chegando a 7,3% ao ano. Por outro lado, importantes aeroportos brasileiros já apresentam sinais de congestionamento e políticas de restrição são necessárias para manter os níveis de serviço oferecido às aeronaves e passageiros acima de um limite mínimo aceitável. Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia baseada em modelos de simulação para analisar a capacidade do lado aéreo de aeroportos. Seu propósito é determinar o fluxo máximo de tráfego, mantendo o nível de serviço acima de um valor pré-definido, levando a atrasos aceitáveis para aeronaves aguardando na fila para decolagem. Para desenvolver o estudo, foi utilizado o software Visual SIMMOD e a metodologia apresentada foi aplicada ao Aeroporto de São Paulo Congonhas. Os resultados das simulações mostram que o aeroporto está saturado, com um volume de tráfego que leva a um nível de serviço inadequado. Para atingir um nível de serviço adequado, uma redução de tráfego é necessária. Outros cenários de simulação mostram que o nível de serviço pode ser melhorado com mudanças em procedimentos de controle de tráfego aéreo, envolvendo separações nas decolagens e aproximações, e também com a substituição de aeronaves turbo hélices por jatos. / The Brazilian air traffic has increased significantly in recent years and is expected to increase above the world average for the next two decades, reaching 7,3% per year. Furthermore, major Brazilian airports are already showing signs of congestion and restriction policies are necessary to keep the level of service (LOS) offered to passengers and aircraft above a minimum acceptable. This work presents a methodology based on simulation models to analyze the capacity of the airside of airports. Its purpose is to determine the maximum flow of traffic while keeping LOS above a minimum level, leading to acceptable delays for aircraft waiting in line for takeoff. To develop the study, Visual SIMMOD software was used and the proposed methodology was applied to Sao Paulo Congonhas Airport. The simulation results show that the airport is saturated with a volume of air traffic that leads to an inadequate LOS. To achieve an adequate LOS, a reduction in traffic is needed. Other simulation scenarios show that the LOS can be improved with changes in ATC procedures involving separations in takeoffs and approaches, and also the replacement of turbo prop aircraft by jets.

Este estudo visa à criação e aplicação de um índice de acessibilidade de aeroportos que considera vários perfis de usuários (passageiro com e sem bagagem, estrangeiro, idoso e gestante, cadeirante e deficiente visual) que possuem diferentes restrições de mobilidade. O método tem início com uma seleção de indicadores que surgiram da identificação de potenciais problemas que os passageiros podem enfrentar ao acessar o aeroporto. Os indicadores são agrupados de acordo com o modo de transporte disponível para acesso ao aeroporto: táxi, carona, automóvel próprio, automóvel de aluguel, ônibus regional e ônibus especial. Em seguida os indicadores são avaliados através de pesquisas e levantamentos de campo e recebem pontuações de acordo com o seu desempenho. Por fim, os escores dos indicadores são ponderados e um valor final é calculado para cada aeroporto. Para aplicação e avaliação do índice foram selecionados, em São Paulo, os aeroportos Congonhas, Guarulhos e Viracopos; no Rio de Janeiro, Galeão e Santos Dumont, e em Brasília, o aeroporto Juscelino Kubitschek. Em uma escala que vai de zero a um, os aeroportos estudados apresentaram resultados com uma amplitude de 0,16. O maior valor encontrado foi 0,629 para o aeroporto Santos Dumont e o menor valor foi 0,469 para o aeroporto de Guarulhos. Isto evidencia que há muitos aspectos a serem melhorados no que diz respeito à acessibilidade dos aeroportos no Brasil. / This study aims to create an index of accessibility to airports that takes into account several profiles of users (passengers with and without luggage, foreigners, elderly and pregnant women, wheelchair users and visually impaired users) that have different mobility constraints. The method starts with a selection of indicators that emerged from the identification of potential problems that passengers may have when accessing the airport. The indicators are grouped according to the transportations modes available for access the airport: taxi, ride with a third party, own car, rental car, regional bus and shuttle bus. The indicators are then evaluated through surveys and field observations and scored according to their performances. Finally, the scores of the indicators are weighted and an overall score is calculated for each airport. For implementation and evaluation of the index, six important Brazilian airports were selected. In São Paulo, the airports of Congonhas, Guarulhos and Viracopos; in Rio de Janeiro, Galeão and Santos Dumont; and, in Brasília, the airport Juscelino Kubitschek. In a scale that goes from zero to one, the studied airports showed results with an amplitude of 0.16. The highest value was 0.629 for Santos Dumont airport and the lowest value was 0.469, for Guarulhos airport. The results highlight the fact that many aspects must still be improved regarding accessibility to Brazilian airports.

Na última década, o crescimento da aviação, aliado aos insuficientes investimentos em infraestrutura, resultou na necessidade de ampliação e modernização dos aeroportos, o que fez com que o Governo Federal desse início ao seu ao plano de concessão de seus principais aeroportos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os processos de seleção, priorização e acompanhamento da carteira de projetos de um aeroporto concessionado à luz da teoria de gestão de portfólio de projetos, a fim de contribuir com a melhoria de seus procedimentos internos, conferindo maior competitividade e produtividade à organização. O desenvolvimento da proposta é feito com base nas análises realizadas a partir da triangulação de fontes de evidência coletadas (observação, entrevistas e fundamentação teórica). A triangulação visou a obter subsídios para a elaboração de uma proposta para o processo de seleção, priorização e acompanhamento de projetos, capaz de promover o alinhamento com os objetivos de negócio da concessionária e contribuir com a governança e transparência do processo, adequada às particularidades da indústria. A proposta também buscou identificar critérios de avaliação e priorização de projetos adaptada às necessidades da empresa, bem como trabalhar a questão da manutenção e revisão da carteira de projetos. Este trabalho pretende contribuir para a construção do conhecimento a partir da ampliação de relatos sobre a seleção, priorização e manutenção de projetos em aeroportos brasileiros, além de colaborar para que empresas e profissionais em situações similares possam obter auxílio e realizar associações no entendimento de outros casos. / Over the past decade, the growth of the aviation sector, coupled with insufficient infrastructure investment, resulted in the need for expansion and modernization of airports, causing the Federal Government to initiate its concession plan for its main airports in Brazil. This paper aims to analyze the selection, prioritization and monitoring processes of the project portfolio of an airport concession in the light of the project portfolio management theory, in order to contribute to the improvement of its internal procedures, boosting the company\'s competitiveness and productivity. The development of the proposal is based on analyses of three sources of evidence: observation, interviews and literature. These analyses intended to support the development of a proposal for the processes of selection, prioritization and monitoring of projects, which should be suitable for the characteristics of the industry and in line with the concessionaire\'s business objectives, improving governance and transparency. The proposal also sought to identify criteria for the assessment and prioritization of projects tailored to the company\'s needs, as well as to work out the issue of maintenance and review of the project portfolio. This study seeks to help build knowledge from an increased number of reports on the selection, prioritization and maintenance of projects in Brazilian airports, and to collaborate with companies and professionals in similar situations, assisting them in applying this knowledge to better understand other cases