Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este estudo objetiva analisar e comparar as representações sociais acerca do cuidado de enfermagem prestado à pessoa que vive com HIV/AIDS em duas categorias da equipe de enfermagem que atuam em instituição hospitalar. Consiste em um estudo exploratório-descritivo, pautado na abordagem qualitativa, orientado pela Teoria das Representações Sociais, em sua abordagem processual. Os sujeitos do estudo foram 20 enfermeiros e 20 auxiliares de enfermagem que atuam em um hospital público universitário da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A coleta de dados deu-se por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada e os mesmos foram submetidos à técnica de análise lexical realizada pelo software ALCESTE 4.7. Na análise do conjunto dos sujeitos emergiram seis categorias de análise, sendo encontradas no primeiro grupo as classes As práticas de cuidado hospitalar e medicamentoso, A influência dos serviços de saúde no cuidado prestado à pessoa com HIV/AIDS e O cuidado como relacionamento interpessoal, referindo-se às dimensões objetiva e subjetiva do cuidado de enfermagem. O segundo grupo engloba as classes O cotidiano do cuidado à pessoa com HIV/AIDS e Os sujeitos sociais do cuidado, voltadas ao cotidiano e aos sujeitos sociais do cuidado. Já no último grupo observa-se O cuidado como auto-proteção profissional, relativa ao cuidado dos profissionais com sua auto-proteção. Da análise cruzada entre as duas categorias de profissionais em confronto surgiram duas classes, uma correspondente aos enfermeiros, expressando o cuidado de enfermagem ideal a ser prestado ao paciente soropositivo ao HIV, voltado a sua qualidade de vida, caracterizando um discurso reificado sobre a prática profissional; e a outra aos auxiliares de enfermagem, apresentando conteúdos sobre o cotidiano do cuidado de enfermagem prestado ao paciente, num discurso com características práticas. Observou-se que o cuidado é representado como a execução de técnicas específicas e o estabelecimento de relacionamento com o paciente e com seus familiares. Os membros da equipe de enfermagem, apesar de afirmarem ser o cuidado prestado às pessoas que vivem com o HIV/AIDS igual ao prestado a qualquer outro cliente, enfatizam a necessidade de maior cautela devido ao risco de contágio para o profissional de saúde, caracterizando um discurso marcado pela contradição. Ainda, foi possível observar diferentes e sutis formas assumidas pelo preconceito no campo profissional, expresso na culpabilização do sujeito em função do seu grau de responsabilidade definido pelo modo através do qual ele se contaminou. Conclui-se que as práticas de cuidado são caracterizadas por elementos objetivos, e fortemente pela subjetividade grupal, podendo se modelar a ela, desde o preconceito e a culpabilização impostos aos sujeitos, até a percepção das mudanças do perfil dos pacientes determinando deferentes graus de identificação da equipe de enfermagem ao cliente. / This study examines and compares social representations about nursing care provided to people with HIV/AIDS among two categories of a hospitals nursing staff. It is an exploratory descriptive study, on a qualitative approach, oriented by the theory of social representations as processual approach. The subjects of the study were 20 nurses and 20 nursing auxiliaries working in a public university hospital in Rio de Janeiro City. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews and subjected to lexical analysis using Alceste 4.7 software. From overall analysis of the set of participants, six analytical categories emerged, the first group comprising the classes Hospital care and drug care practices, The influence of health services on care provided to people with HIV/AIDS and Care as interpersonal relationship, relating to the objective and subjective dimensions of nursing care. The second group comprised the classes Day-to-day care for people with HIV/AIDS and The social subjects of care, directed to the day-to-day and social subjects of care. The final group consisted of Care as professional self-protection, relating to the care that health workers take to protect themselves. Contrastive cross-analysis of the two categories of health workers brought out two classes. One, corresponding to the nurses, expressed the ideal nursing care to be given to the HIV-positive patient, directed to quality of life, characterizing a reified discourse on professional practice. The other, from the nursing auxiliaries, presented content on day-to-day nursing care given to patients, in a discourse with practical characteristics. Care was noted to be represented as performing specific techniques and establishing a relationship with patients and their relatives. Despite declaring that the same care is provided to people living with HIV/AIDS as to any other client, the members of the nursing staff stressed the need for greater caution due to the risk of contagion for the health practitioner, characterizing a discourse marked by contradiction. It was also possible to observe various subtle forms of prejudice in professional attitudes, expressed in blaming the patients for a degree of responsibility, which depended on how they were contaminated. It was concluded that care practices are characterized by objective elements and strongly by group subjectivity, to which they may be molded, with results ranging from prejudice and blame towards patients, through to perception of changes in patient profile leading to nursing staffs identifying with clients to differing degrees.

L’internationalisation des entreprises est un phénomène irréversible et la globalisation économique n’est qu’une des facettes d’un phénomène de mondialisation qui touche désormais l’ensemble des activités humaines. Cette globalisation de l’économie offre aux entreprises des opportunités d’implantation et d’acquisition de parts de marchés étrangers mais semble poser des défis importants à relever à toute entreprise désireuse de s’internationaliser. En effet, l’observation des performances des entreprises exportatrices de la filière fruits et légumes d’un pays comme le Burkina Faso montre une baisse continue de la compétitivité sur le marché international depuis plusieurs années. Face à ce constat, nous nous interrogeons sur les raisons profondes de cette situation : la perte de compétitivité peut-elle s’expliquer par l’organisation et le mode de fonctionnement de la filière face aux conditions actuelles d’accès au marché ? Pour répondre à cette question, notre démarche a consisté à mobiliser la théorie de l’économie industrielle et la théorie du marketing relationnel qui ont permis de formuler 12 propositions de recherche. Ces propositions ont été soumises à l’épreuve des faits sur la base des résultats des traitements et de l’analyse des données collectées auprès d’un échantillon de 23 acteurs. Deux méthodes d’analyse ont été mobilisées pour le traitement et l’analyse des données : l’analyse thématique et l’analyse automatique de contenu à l’aide du logiciel ALCESTE. Les résultats convergents de ces deux méthodes d’analyse ont permis de conclure que la perte de compétitivité s’explique d’une part l’organisation et le mode de fonctionnement de la filière face aux conditions actuelles d’accès au marché mais surtout de facteurs liés à son environnement externe, notamment les conditions de base du pays d’origine, d’autre part. La thèse formule des recommandations d’ordre managériales et ouvre des perspectives pour des recherches futures. / Firm’s internationalisation is an irreversible phenomena and the economic globalisation is a figure of world phenomena of all human activities concern. This globalisation gives an opportunity to firms which desire to acquire a market part in foreign markets. But this situation is also an important challenge for those firms which want to get a part in the international market. Indeed, we noticed that export firms of Burkina fruits and vegetables field had a bad performance since several years. Then, we need to understand the main raisons of this situation. So our question is: doses competitiveness loss can be explained by the field organisation and working according to the market conditions access? To answer to this question, industrial and relational marketing theories are mobilized. With these theories 12 research propositions are formulated and tested. A primary data are collected with a sample of 23 actors. These data was submitted to two different data analysis methodology: the thematic analysis and ALCESTE analysis. The convergent results of these two analysis methodology premised us to conclude that the field competitiveness loss is partly due to field organisation and working and to a large extent of the basic conditions of origin country. In conclusion we propose recommendations for firm’s competitive improvement and some directions for further research.

Cette thèse porte sur l’engagement psychologique optimal (Brault-Labbé et al., 2008, 2009, 2010), des adultes en formation continue au Burkina Faso. Il s’agit d’identifier les contributions des facteurs de motivations de formation (Fenouillet et al., 2015), de motivations de carrière (London, 1983), de soutiens sociaux perçus (Zimet et al.,1988), de soutiens organisationnels perçus (Eisenberger et al, 1986) et de perception d’autonomie (Vallerand et al., 1997), dans l’engagement psychologique en formation.La première étude qualitative est conduite à partir du verbatim de vingt-sept (27) entretiens semi-directif et un traitement automatique de contenu à l’aide du logiciel Alceste. L’hypothèse portant sur l’existence de « mondes lexicaux » différenciés relatifs à l’engagement psychologique et aux variables explicatives de cette recherche est invalidée. L’engagement psychologique optimal est unidimensionnel dans cette recherche, contrairement au modèle original tridimensionnel (Brault-Labbé et al., 2008, 2009, 2010).La deuxième étude quantitative s’appuie sur cinq des sept étapes de la méthodologie d’adaptation transculturelle des échelles préconisées par Vallerand (1989). Une première étape d’analyse exploratoire a permis l’épuration des six outils. La deuxième étape d’analyse confirmatoire s’appuie sur les données de trois-cent-soixante-onze (371) questionnaires. Les résultats confirment l’existence de corrélations positives et significatives entre l’engagement psychologique optimal en formation et les variables explicatives. Ce sont les motivations de carrière, les soutiens sociaux perçus, et la perception d'autonomie qui rendent compte de l’engagement psychologique unidimensionnel. Ce résultat indique, contrairement au modèle original tridimensionnel (Brault-Labbé et al., 2008, 2009, 2010), que l’engagement psychologique optimal est un construit unidimensionnel avec un contenu affectif, cognitif et comportemental.Mots-clés : Burkina-Faso, engagement psychologique, logiciel Alceste, motivations de carrière, perception d'autonomie, soutien social perçu. / This doctoral thesis base on the three-dimensional model of the optimal psychology commitment (Brault-Labbé et al., 2008, 2009, 2010), applied to adults in continuing education in Burkina Faso. It aims to explore the influence of training motivation (Fenouillet et al., 2015), carrer motivation (London, 1983), perceived social supports (Zimet et al.,1988), perceived organizational supports (Eisenberger et al., 1986), and the perception of autonomy (Vallerand et al., 1997).The first qualitative study is based on data from twenty-seven (27) semi-structured interviews whose corpus is subjected to automatic content processing using the Alceste software. The interview focused on the existence of differentiated classes of "lexical universes" relating to the psychological commitment and to the explanatory variables of this research. The hypothesis supporting the existence of differentiated lexical contents is invalidated. In this research, unlike the original three-dimensional model (Brault-Labbé et al., 2008, 2009, 2010), the construct of optimal psychological commitment is one-dimensional.The second quantitative study is conducted, in the final phase, using data from three hundred and seventy-one (371) questionnaires from the six scales of this research. Exploratory and confirmatory analyzes supported by cross-cultural adaptation of the tools were carried out according to five of the seven recommended steps of Vallerand (1989).The question was what training and career motivations motivate adults in their psychological commitment to training on the one hand? and on the other hand, what perceptions do they have of social and organizational supports, as well as their perception of autonomy in this commitment?The results confirm, on the one hand, the hypothesis of the existence of positive and significant correlations between the optimal psychological commitment to training and the explanatory variables. Likewise, it is the career motivations, perceived social supports, and the perception of autonomy that account for one-dimensional psychological commitment.This result shows, contrary to the original three-dimensional model (Brault-Labbé et al., 2008, 2009, 2010), that optimal psychological commitment is a one-dimensional construct with affective, cognitive and behavioural content.Keywords: Burkina Faso, psychological commitment, Alceste software, career motivations, training motivations, perception of autonomy, perceived support.

[pt] A educação na modalidade a distância tem sido apontada como uma estratégia eficiente para a formação inicial e continuada de professores para a educação básica. Contudo, a expansão dessa modalidade também vem acompanhada de críticas e preocupações quanto à qualidade dessa formação. Uma das problemáticas principais da EAD reside na mediação pedagógica, em relação à díade aluno–mediador e/ou professor. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a concepção dos alunos de um curso de especialização na modalidade a distância sobre a mediação pedagógica, partindo das seguintes questões de estudo: Quais atribuições os alunos delegam à mediação pedagógica? Quais as contribuições da mediação pedagógica para a qualidade da formação dos cursistas? Como as tecnologias da comunicação e informação (TIC) potencializam a mediação pedagógica? A fim de compreender o conceito de mediação, procuramos fazer uma pesquisa desse termo em campos interdisciplinares, relacionando-o com os avanços das TICs na educação a distância. Optamos, metodologicamente, por um estudo de caso do Curso de Especialização Tecnologias em Educação – PUC Rio. Para a produção de dados fizemos um recorte das respostas dos cursistas sobre a mediação pedagógica exercida no decorrer do curso, após aplicação de um questionário. As questões fechadas foram analisadas com a ajuda do programa SPSS, e selecionou-se uma questão aberta que foi trabalhada através da análise de conteúdo, utilizando-se o programa Alceste. Os resultados provenientes das questões fechadas mostraram uma grande aceitabilidade da atuação do mediador pedagógico. Na análise qualitativa, o software Alceste originou quatro classes, sendo posteriormente identificadas como: estratégias pedagógicas de mediação e mediador assistente; mediador tira-dúvidas; motivação ao aluno; formação do mediador pedagógico e influências da mediação na atuação profissional do aluno. As concepções dos cursistas revelaram o reconhecimento e a valorização da mediação como essencial para que o aluno construa o conhecimento esperado no processo de aprendizagem. Ficou evidenciada a complexidade da prática profissional do mediador tendo, inclusive, influência na formação e atuação profissional do cursista. / [en] Distance learning has been identified as an effective strategy for initial and continuing teacher training in the primary and secondary education sector. However, expansion in this field has also been followed by criticisms and concerns about the quality of such training. One of the main issues in distance learning is online tutoring, more specifically learner-tutor and/or learner-teacher interaction. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate learners conception on online tutoring in a distance learning specialization course. Our main research study questions were: What do learners expect from their online tutors? Which contributions does online tutoring offer to the quality of learners training? How can ICT enhance the online tutoring practice? In order to understand the concept of online tutoring, an interdisciplinary research of the term was undertaken, relating it to the advances/development of ICT in distance education. The chosen research method was a case study on the specialization course Tecnologias em Educação – PUC Rio. Data on online tutoring were gathered from the learners responses to a questionnaire. Close-ended questions were analysed with the help of the SPSS software. One open-ended question was selected and analysed through the content analysis method and with the help of the Alceste software. Results originated from the close-ended questions showed high acceptance of the online tutor performance. In the qualitative analysis, Alceste originated four classes, identified as: online tutoring pedagogical strategies and assistant online tutor; question answerer online tutor; motivating the learner; online tutor training and influences of online tutoring on the learners professional practice. Learners opinions demonstrated the recognition and appreciation of online tutoring as an essential part of knowledge building during their learning process. The complexity of online tutoring practice and its influence on the training and professional development of the learner were also demonstrated.

Orientador: Carlos Eduardo Ornelas Berriel / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T20:09:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Spinelli_Daniela_D.pdf: 12547785 bytes, checksum: 04c760b1ab3cfe3a822e9d6e070644cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Esta tese de doutorado, cujo objeto de investigação é a Carta del Carnaro, escrita por Gabriele D'Annunzio e Alceste De Ambris, analisa os aspectos utópicos, literários e modernistas da constituição fiumana. À luz da fortuna crítica e historiográfica, pretende-se refletir sobre a novidade formal que esse ambicioso projeto apresenta no panorama político moderno. O problema desloca-se para o exame das relações entre matéria histórica e forma literária. Afinal, a Grande Guerra parece reorientar as pesquisas formais desenvolvidas pelas vanguardas italianas, a partir do instante em que a política se torna o tema central. A ambição deste trabalho é avaliar de que maneira os acontecimentos históricos, que marcaram a geração que viveu a experiência da Grande Guerra, fornecem subsídios para que compreendamos os rumos das vanguardas italianas e o modo como a formalização estética de seus ideais transformou a Itália do início do século XX em um laboratório político / Abstract: This doctorate thesis, the investigation object of which is Carta del Carnaro, written by Gabriele D'Annunzio and Alceste De Ambris, aims at analyzing the utopian, literary and modernist aspects of the Fiuman Constitution. In light of the critical and historiographical fortune, the intention is to reflect which formal novelty this ambitious project shows in the modern political scenario. The problem shifts to the examination of the relationships between historical matter and literary form. After all, the Great War seems to reorient the formal surveys made by the Italian vanguards, from the moment in which the politics becomes the central theme. The ambition of this study is to assess how the historical events experienced by the generation that lived during the Great War serve as base so that we can understand the direction of the Italian vanguards and how the esthetic formalization of their ideals transformed the Italy of the early 20th Century into a political laboratory / Doutorado / Teoria e Critica Literaria / Doutora em Teoria e História Literária

Cette thèse propose une analyse socioéconomique de l'accompagnement associatif des Personnes vivant avec le VIH (PvVIH) vers l'emploi en France. Elle étudie la construction de l'accompagnement associatif d'une part et l'inscription des trajectoires d'accès à l'emploi dans l'espace associatif d'autre part. Complétant les approches statistique et biographique de l'accompagnement vers l'emploi en ouvrant la boîte noire de l'accompagnement, elle analyse la relation d'accompagnement construite par l'institution associative à travers deux monographies. S'appuyant sur la théorie institutionnaliste du couplage, l'analyse textuelle du langage des acteurs, réalisée à l'aide du logiciel Alceste, identifie la part institutionnelle dans la construction sociale des trajectoires d'accès à l'emploi et montre une tension entre délibération et accès à l'emploi dans la construction de l'accompagnement associatif. L'analyse biographique contextualisée repère les facteurs institutionnels d'échec et de réussite dans l'accès à l'emploi. La libération de la dicibilité et l'acquisition de compétence sur le modèle de l'expertise d'usage facilitent et consolident l'accès à l'emploi quand les difficultés sociales et le regard social sur le VIH/sida le freinent et le fragilisent. Ces analyses montrent que la valeur ajoutée de l'accompagnement associatif vers l'emploi est d'inscrire la relation d'accompagnement dans une dynamique collective en la désindividualisant, en mettant en place des espaces de délibération et en valorisant les savoirs d'expériences. La thèse montre finalement que les institutions associatives sont difficiles à modifier et que les pratiques résistent aux dynamiques de changements institutionnels tout en s'en nourrissant.

Cette recherche a pour objet de déterminer et de qualifier les interactions observables entre l'homme et les ordinateurs, considérés comme des machines numériques dotées d'interfaces à modalités sensibles. Elle éclaire, en les approfondissant, les concepts de virtualité, de multisensorialité et d'interactivité avant d'expliciter l'intérêt, voire l'appétence, suscitée par les Nouvelles Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (NTIC). Le travail, qui a pour cadre les représentations collectives, analyse la titrologie du quotidien " Le monde " pendant cinq ans, des enquêtes par questionnaires, des entretiens semi-directifs et des observations participantes filmées. Il prend en compte la part de socialité dans les processus décisionnels observables lors de l'utilisation des ordinateurs en réseau ou non. Un échantillon de dix-sept sujets est notamment constitué pour être soumis à une observation éthologique, selon une méthodologie segmentée en trois phases. Dans un premier temps, un entretien d'observation permet d'appréhender, à l'aide du support verbal, les positionnements individuels liés aux TIC. Retranscrits et analysés avec le logiciel Alceste, les corpus recueillis déterminent l'élaboration, entre autres, de quatre classes d'utilisateurs. Ensuite, l'observation filmée des pratiques, d'abord commentées par le sujet en présence du chercheur, puis en situation solitaire, met en évidence l'importance des modalités sensibles et des proxémies comme facteurs de comportements spécifiques. Ces derniers sont rapprochés des conduites observées chez 24 jeunes sujets, âgés de 3 à 6 ans dans un jardin d'enfants. Cette démarche multidisciplinaire souligne l'intérêt d'un rapprochement entre SHS, sciences de l'information et de la communication, approches éducatives et éthologie sociale.

”vivid and fiery”
  Carolina Müller as phenomenon at the Royal Theatre Carolina Müller is identical with the Royal Theatre and she was the first professional female opera singer in Sweden. The audience’s perception of her stage personality and her agency in her portrayal of the title role in C. W. Gluck’s opera Alceste at the Stockholm opera in 1781 will throw light on her quality; her singing and acting style according to the affect she created on stage linked to the age of sensibility. Carolina Müller’s agency constitutes a gap in Swedish theatre history which will be examined in order to reach a better understanding of the structures behind her position. Willmar Sauter’s concept of the theatrical event, but with a feministic perspective on the role of the actress, is used to analyze her performativity, which I characterize as both passionate and sentimental. I use historical descriptive sources to understand her stage personality, and I will look into her performance of Alceste from the perspective of late eighteenth century acting. Secondly, I look into the prescriptive sources linked to Alceste, to examine how her stage personality affected the production, she had a great impact on the creation of the opera characters written for her after her Alceste. Finally, I highlight how the European exchange allowed her to emerge as a phenomenon. Telling her story is a contribution to the history of the prima donnas of the north, and thereby to the field of feminist historiography.  Carolina Müller, Gluck, Alceste, actress, Royal Theatre, phenomenon, stage personality, agency, theatrical event, performativity, sensibility, gaze

This thesis documents my research, rehearsal, and performance of the role of Alceste in Moliere’s The Misanthrope, which includes, a biography of Moliere, character analysis, role development, a rehearsal journal, character research, acting process, evaluation of my performance, and script analysis. The Misanthrope was produced by the UNO Department of Film and Theatre, under the direction of David W. Hoover. The play was performed in the Robert E. Nims Theatre of the Performing Arts Center September 17 - 19, 24 - 26 at 7:30pm, and September 27, 2015 at 2:30pm.

L'internationalisation des entreprises est un phénomène irréversible et la globalisation économique n'est qu'une des facettes d'un phénomène de mondialisation qui touche désormais l'ensemble des activités humaines. Cette globalisation de l'économie offre aux entreprises des opportunités d'implantation et d'acquisition de parts de marchés étrangers mais semble poser des défis importants à relever à toute entreprise désireuse de s'internationaliser. En effet, l'observation des performances des entreprises exportatrices de la filière fruits et légumes d'un pays comme le Burkina Faso montre une baisse continue de la compétitivité sur le marché international depuis plusieurs années. Face à ce constat, nous nous interrogeons sur les raisons profondes de cette situation : la perte de compétitivité peut-elle s'expliquer par l'organisation et le mode de fonctionnement de la filière face aux conditions actuelles d'accès au marché ? Pour répondre à cette question, notre démarche a consisté à mobiliser la théorie de l'économie industrielle et la théorie du marketing relationnel qui ont permis de formuler 12 propositions de recherche. Ces propositions ont été soumises à l'épreuve des faits sur la base des résultats des traitements et de l'analyse des données collectées auprès d'un échantillon de 23 acteurs. Deux méthodes d'analyse ont été mobilisées pour le traitement et l'analyse des données : l'analyse thématique et l'analyse automatique de contenu à l'aide du logiciel ALCESTE. Les résultats convergents de ces deux méthodes d'analyse ont permis de conclure que la perte de compétitivité s'explique d'une part l'organisation et le mode de fonctionnement de la filière face aux conditions actuelles d'accès au marché mais surtout de facteurs liés à son environnement externe, notamment les conditions de base du pays d'origine, d'autre part. La thèse formule des recommandations d'ordre managériales et ouvre des perspectives pour des recherches futures.