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Caracterização das assembléias de peixes da bacia do rio Corumbataí (SP) / The fish assemblage characterization of the Corumbataí river basinMauricio Cetra 27 May 2003 (has links)
A bacia do rio Piracicaba tem recebido atenção especial das autoridades municipais, pois possui grandes problemas de aproveitamento de seus recursos hídricos. A bacia do rio Corumbataí, um dos principais afluentes da margem direita do rio Piracicaba, é regionalmente importante, não só porque ainda possui águas de boa qualidade, mas também por apresentar elementos raros na paisagem do interior do estado. Esta tese teve o objetivo de caracterizar as assembléias de peixes na bacia do rio Corumbataí e fornecer ferramentas para avaliação de seu status ambiental. Foram escolhidos 4 rios principais com 3 pontos de coleta em cada um. Foram realizadas coletas no período de março a junho e setembro a dezembro de 2001, totalizando 24 coletas. Os dados bióticos foram avaliados através de medidas de diversidade. Para testar a hipótese de variação espaço-temporal da assembléia de peixes foi aplicado o modelo linear ANCOVA onde a variável resposta foi a riqueza de espécies; o fator foi ordem do rio; sendo utilizadas 2 covariáveis ambientais: temperatura e número de indivíduos, revelando uma variação espaço-temporal e padrões reconhecidos no meio acadêmico: relação espécie-área e conceito de rio contínuo. Técnicas multivariadas foram aplicadas para determinar a correlação entre a riqueza e a paisagem no entorno do ponto de coleta, revelando que existem mais espécies em locais com maior cobertura vegetal e mata ciliar preservada. Algumas espécies de peixes se mostraram bons indicadores ambientais: Hypostomus strigaticeps, Hoplosternum littorale e Salminus hilarii; por outro lado o Astyanax altiparanae não se mostrou um bom indicador / The Piracicaba river basin has received special attention from local authorities because it has presented a lot of problems about the misutilization of its hydric resources. The Corumbataí river basin, one of the major streams of the right side of the Piracicaba river, is regionally important, not only because it still has good water quality but also because it has unique elements inside the landscape of São Paulo state. This thesis aims to characterize the fish assemblage of the Corumbataí river basin and provide tools to assess the present environmental status of the basin. It has been chosen 4 major streams with 3 unit samples in each one of the streams. The samples were carried out from March to June and from September to December in the year of 2001, making up a total of 24 samples. The biotic data were assessed using diversity measurement. An ANCOVA was used to test the hypothesis of time-space variation of the fish assemblage, where the dependent variable was the species richness; the factor was the stream order and 2 environmental co-variates were used: temperature and number of individuals, thus revealing both time-space variation and some patterns which are recognized academically: species-area relationship and river continuum concept (RCC). Multivariate techniques were used to determine the correlation between richness and the landscape characteristics in the sampling unit, revealing that there is a greater number of species along the sites with a larger riparian zone. Some fish species have showed to be a good indicator: Hypostomus strigaticeps, Hoplosternum littorale and Salminus hilarii; on the other hand Astyanax altiparanae has not showed to be a good indicator species
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Taxocenose de répteis Squamata, com estudo dos hábitos alimentares de Enyalius bilineatus em uma área natural de cerrado no sul de Minas GeraisLucas, Priscila da Silva 27 February 2012 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2012-02-27 / O atual conhecimento sobre a fauna de Squamata em Minas Gerais se baseia em grande parte por estudos realizados em áreas de Mata Atlântica, e o que se conhece sobre estudos relacionados à diversidade, conservação e outros aspectos ecológicos da fauna de Squamata em áreas de Cerrado são escassos. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido em um remanescente de Cerrado no sul do Estado localizado no Município de Ingaí e teve como objetivos descrever a composição e estimar a riqueza da fauna de Squamata em diferentes fisionomias de Cerrado, além de avaliar a dieta de Enyalius bilineatus, baseada na análise dos conteúdos estomacais. A amostragem de Squamata em campo ocorreu entre novembro de 2010 a novembro de 2011, por procura visual limitada por tempo, armadilha de interceptação e queda e encontros ocasionais. Os espécimes de E. bilineatus analisados já estavam depositados na CRLZ do Unilavras e foram provenientes de amostragens anteriores sobre a fauna local. Considerando os métodos empregados foram amostradas seis espécies de serpentes (Colubridae (4) e Viperidae (2)) e 10 espécies de lagartos (Anguidae (1), Gymnophthalmidae (2), Leiosauridae(2), Scincidae (2), Teiidae (2) e Tropiduridae (1)) nas diferentes fitofisionomias e a estimativa de riqueza avaliada pela curva de acúmulo de espécies mostrou uma riqueza de 23,81 espécies. A mata de galeria foi a fitofisionomia que apresentou maior riqueza e abundância de espécies e distribuição das abundâncias relativas mais uniformes em relação a outras áreas. A espécie mais abundante foi T. itambere com 63,2% do número total de registros para a RBUB. Mata de galeria e cerrado stricto sensu foram as áreas que apresentaram maior semelhança (CM =0,45) compartilhando quatro espécies em comum. A maior riqueza e abundância de espécies na mata de galeria podem estar relacionadas com o maior tamanho desta, que é a fitofisionomia que predomina dentro da RBUB. Com relação aos dados de dieta, a partir de 22 espécimes com conteúdo estomacal foi registrado um total de 156 itens presa pertencentes a 12 grupos taxonômicos, a maioria artrópodes, evidenciando o caráter generalista da espécie. Formigas perfizeram a categoria mais frequente em termos de ocorrência para ambos os sexos e também foi importante em termos de frequência numérica e volume para machos e fêmeas. Não foram observadas diferenças quantitativas (número de itens ingeridos) na dieta de ambos os sexos, não evidenciando diferenças sexuais na dieta de E. bilineatus neste aspecto, em grande parte devido a ingestão de formigas que são itens presa pequenas e bastante ingeridos por lagartos independente do tamanho deste. / Current knowledge about the fauna of Squamata in Minas Gerais is based largely on studies conducted in areas of Atlantic Forest, and what is known about studies related to diversity, conservation and other ecological aspects of Squamata fauna in Cerrado areas are scarce. This study was conducted in a Cerrado remnant in the southern state located in the Municipality of Ingaí and aimed to describe the composition and estimate the richness of Squamata fauna in different Cerrado physiognomies, and to evaluate the diet of Enyalius bilineatus, based the analysis of stomach contents. The sampling of Squamata in the field occurred between November 2010 and November 2011 by time constrained search, pitfall traps and occasional encounters. Specimens of E. bilineatus analyzed were already deposited in the CRLZ of the Unilavras and were obtained from previous sampling on the local fauna. Considering the methods employed were sampled six species of snakes (Colubridae (4) and Viperidae (2)) and 10 species of lizards (Anguidae (1), Gymnophthalmidae (2), Leiosauridae(2), Scincidae (2), Teiidae (2) and Tropiduridae (1)) in different and the richness estimate measured by accumulation species curve showed a richness of 23.81 species. Gallery forest was the physiognomy with the highest species richness and abundance and distribution of the relative abundances more uniform compared to other areas. The most abundant species was T. itambere with 63.2% of the total number of records for RBUB. Gallery forest and cerrado stricto sensu were the areas with the highest similarity (CM = 0.45) sharing four species in common. The highest richness and abundance of species in gallery forest may be related to the larger size of this, which is the predominant physiognomy within the RBUB. Regarding the diet data from 22 specimens with stomach contents, was recorded a total of 156 prey items belonging to 12 taxonomic groups, most arthropods, emphasizing the generalist character of species. Ants amounted to the most frequent in terms of occurrence for both sexes and were also important in terms of numerical frequency and volume for males and females. There were no quantitative differences (number of items eaten) in the diet of sexes, showing no sex differences in the diet of E. bilineatus in this regard, largely due to ingestion of ants that are prey items small and quite ingested by lizards independent of the size thereof.
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Limnologia, distribuição e composição da fauna de Oligochaeta (Annelida: Clitellata) e larvas de Chironomidae (Diptera) do Lago dos Manacás, município de Juiz de Fora, MGFrizzera, Gabriela Linhares 28 March 2011 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2011-03-28 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a existência de variação espacial e temporal das variáveis abióticas e conhecer a estrutura da assembléia de Chironomidae e Oligochaeta do lago dos Manacás em meses que compõe o período seco e chuvoso e, a partir destas variáveis avaliar a qualidade da água deste ambiente. Foram realizadas três coletas, duas no período seco (agosto/09 e julho/10) e uma no chuvoso (fevereiro/10), em dois transectos, cada um com cinco pontos de coleta. As amostras de sedimento foram obtidas com draga do tipo Petersen em tréplicas, também foram obtidas amostras para a análise da granulometria e matéria orgânica. As amostras de água foram obtidas do fundo com uma garrafa de Van Dorn. Para analisar o estado trófico do ambiente foi calculado o índice de estado trófico (TSI) de Carlson e foi avaliada a presença e abundância de táxons indicadores de poluição. As variáveis limnológicas não apresentaram variações significativas entre os pontos de coleta e entre os transectos. Entretanto foram detectadas diferenças significativas entre as coletas realizadas, com exceção das variáveis oxigênio, carbono orgânico dissolvido e pH. A granulometria foi composta principalmente por sedimento fino e com alta porcentagem de matéria orgânica. A assembléia encontrada foi composta por 25 táxons e 1007 organismos. A maior riqueza e diversidade foi obtida na primeira coleta em agosto de 2009 e as menores densidade número de táxons foi encontrada no período chuvoso em fevereiro de 2010. Os quironomídeos foram os organismos mais abundantes em todo o período de coletas. Os pontos marginais (I e V) diferiram significativamente em relação à assembléia somente em um transecto na primeira coleta, nas demais, as margens foram consideradas iguais. Em agosto de 2009 pode ser observada uma grande quantidade de táxons adominantes. Neste período Caladomyia ortoni foi o principal táxon dominante. Em 2010 não foram observados táxons adominantes e Polypedilum foi dominante neste período. O índice calculado para determinar o estado trófico do lago dos Manacás classificou este ambiente como oligotrófico, mesotrófico e eutrófico ao longo do período de coletas. As variáveis abióticas diferiram temporalmente modificando as condições do ambiente e a estrutura da assembléia de Chironomidae e Oligochaeta. As concentrações de nutrientes aumentaram bastante demonstrando que o lago passa por um processo de alteração da qualidade da água. A baixa abundância de organismos encontrados no lago foi considerada comum, visto que também foi observado em outros locais. Apesar do índice de estado trófico mostrar que a qualidade da água do lago dos Manacás apresenta-se em más condições, a ausência e/ou a baixa densidade dos táxons considerados como indicadores de poluição não confirmam estes dados. / The aim of this study was to verify the existence of the spatial and temporal variation of abiotic variables and know the structure of Chironomidae and Oligochaeta assembléia of the Manacás lake in months that compound the dry and rainy period and from this variable to evaluate the water quality of the environment. Three collects have been done, two in dry season (august/09 and july/10) and one in the wet season (february/10) in two transects each with five sampling points., Sediment samples has been collected by a bottom sampler Petersen. Three replicates have been made in each sample point for analysis of macroinvertebrates. Sediment samples were also obtained for analysis of particle size and organic matter. Water samples were obtained from the bottom with a bottle of Van Dorn. To analyse of the environment trofic status was calculated the trofic status index (TSI) of the Carlson and the presence and abundance of the pollution indicators taxa. Limnological parameters showed no significant variations among the sampling sites and among transects. However significant differences were detected between samples collected, with the exception of oxygen, dissolved organic carbon and pH. The particle size was mainly composed of fine sediment with a high percentage of organic matter. The assembléia found was composed of 25 taxa and 1007 organisms. The higher richness and diversity was obtained in the first collection in August 2009 and the lower density and number of taxa was found to the rainy season. Chironomids were the most abundant organisms during all period of collection. The marginal points (I and V) differed significantly with respect the assemblage only in transect A in the first collection in the others, the margins were considered equal. In August 2009 could be seen a large number of taxa adominantes. During this period the main dominant taxa was Caladomyia ortoni. In 2010 adominantes taxa were not observed, and Polypedilum were dominant in this period. The index to determine the trophic status of Manacás Lake rated this environment as oligotrophic, mesotrophic and eutrophic during the period of collection. The abiotic variables varied temporally changing environmental conditions and structure of the assembléia of Chironomidae and Oligochaeta. The concentrations of nutrients increased significantly showing that the lake goes through a process of change in water quality. The low abundance of the organisms found in the lake was considered common, already observed on others places. Although the trofic status index to show the water quality of Manacás lake is in bad conditions the absence and/or the low density of taxa considered how pollution indicators do not confirm this data.
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Spatial and temporal variability of macroinvertebrate assemblages in boreal streams: implications for conservation and bioassessmentMykrä, H. (Heikki) 13 September 2006 (has links)
Abstract
In this thesis, I studied spatial and temporal variability of macroinvertebrate assemblages of boreal streams. The main objectives were (i) to characterize macroinvertebrate assemblage types across large geographical extents, and to assess the utility of assemblage types and landscape and stream type classifications as the basis of stream bioassessment and conservation programs (ii, iii). I also examined the relative roles of large-scale spatial trends and local environmental conditions in structuring macroinvertebrate assemblages (iv). Finally, I assessed (v) if assemblage classifications produce temporally stable and predictable assemblage types.
Stream macroinvertebrate assemblage structure exhibited continuous variation instead of distinct assemblage types. Although ecoregions clearly accounted for a considerable amount of variation of macroinvertebrate assemblage characteristics, a combination of regional stratification and prediction from environmental factors would probably yield the most comprehensive framework for the characterizations of macroinvertebrate assemblages of boreal headwater streams. Differences in macroinvertebrate assemblage structure, as well as a group of effective indicator species for different stream types, suggest that landscape classifications could be used as a preliminary scheme for the conservation planning of running waters
The strength of the relationship between assemblage structure and local environmental variables increased with decreasing extent, whereas assemblage variation related to spatially variables showed the opposite pattern. At the largest scale, spatial variation was related to latitudinal gradients, while spatial autocorrelation among neighbouring streams was the likely mechanism creating spatial structure within drainage systems. These results suggest that stream bioassessment should give due attention to spatial structuring of stream assemblage composition, considering that important assemblage gradients may not only be related to local environmental factors, but also to biogeographical constraints and neighbourhood dispersal processes.
The classification strengths of macroinvertebrate assemblages based on data of three years were overall rather weak, and more importantly, the compositions of the site groups varied considerably from year to year. Such wide and continuous variation was also mirrored by low and inconsistent predictability of classifications from environmental variables. The observed level of temporal variation in assemblage structure may not be a serious problem for predictive approaches frequently used in bioassessment of freshwater ecosystems. For conservation purposes, however, alternative approaches (e.g. physical surrogates of biodiversity) need to be considered.
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A new route for rare-earth free permanent magnets : synthesis, structural and magnetic characterizations of dense assemblies of anisotropic nanoparticles / Une nouvelle route pour des aimants permanents sans terres rares : synthèse et caractérisation structurelle et magnétique d’assemblages denses de nanoparticules anisotropiquesAnagnostopoulou, Evangelia 24 June 2016 (has links)
Cette thèse a eu pour objectif la préparation d’aimants nanostructurés sains terres rares à base d’un assemblage dense de nanobâtonnets de cobalt (Co NBs). Nous avons démontré la faisabilité d’un changement d’échelle du procédé polyol, avec des conditions d’agitation contrôlées, pour obtenir 5 g de NBs monodisperse. La modification de l’agent nucléant nous a permis de contrôler la taille et la forme des NBs conduisant à des valeurs élevées de champ coercitif. La réalisation d’aimants macroscopiques denses et robustes a été possible via la dispersion des bâtonnets dans du chloroforme et son évaporation sous champ magnétique à température ambiante. La valeur de (BH)max résultante a atteint dans le meilleur des cas une valeur de 165 kJ·m-3. Des résultats préliminaires sur la compaction d’assemblées de NBs montre que la fraction volumique magnétique peut être augmenté significativement (jusqu’à 30%). Cette étude prouve que l’approche « bottom-up» est très prometteuse pour obtenir des nouveaux matériaux magnétiques durs qui peuvent compléter le panorama des aimants permanents et combler le fossé entre les ferrites et les aimants NdFeB. / The objective of this thesis is the preparation of nanostructured rare earth free permanent magnets based on dense assemblies of Co nanorods. We demonstrate the up-scaling of the polyol process for the synthesis of 5 g of monodispersed cylindrical Co NR with controlled cylindrical-like shape. Modification of the nucleating agent allows optimizing further the nanorods’ shape, leading to the highest coercivity values measured. Dense and robust macroscopic magnets were obtained via the rods’ alignment under a magnetic field presenting an ideal hysteresis loop. Additional structural and magnetic characterization was accomplished via small angle neutron scattering. A quantitative assessment of the (BH)max values showed a maximum of 165 kJ·m-3. Preliminary compaction experiments resulted in the fabrication of bulk magnets with increased magnetic volume fraction (up to 30%). We prove that the bottom-up approach is very promising to get new hard magnetic materials that can compete in the permanent magnet panorama and fill the gap between the ferrites and the NdFeB magnets.
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Ni får göra vad ni vill så länge ni äter! : Ontoförhandlingar i den pedagogiska måltiden som nätverk / You may do as you like as long as you eat! : Ontonegotiations in the pedagogical meal as networks.Borg Olofsson, Elin, Frodin, Sara January 2017 (has links)
Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur måltiden kan förstås genom posthumanistisk teoribildning. Denna studie är en kvalitativ etnografisk fältstudie där observationerna har utförts på en förskola i Stockholm med hjälp av en filmkamera. Syftet med den pedagogiska måltiden står delvis utan uttalat mål men är samtidigt till brädden fylld med intentionen att äta. Vid första anblick är det som om ”bara man får i sig mat så är det bra” men vår analys visar att måltiden är mer invecklad än så. Måltiden är komplex och fylld av motsägelser. När man tittar på måltiden med våra teoretiska utgångspunkter framträder mellanmänskliga förhandlingar. Vi menar också att de krispiga nachochipsen, den halvätna broccolin, det kladdiga, rapar – allt kan tolkas som medförhandlande till vad som blir måltiden. Sammanfattningsvis visar vår studie att en pedagogisk måltid kan förstås som ett nätverk där normer, pedagoger, barn och ting tillsammans skapar måltiden i förskolan.
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Ni får göra vad ni vill bara ni äter! : Ontoförhandlingar i den pedagogiska måltiden som nätverk / You may do as you like as long as you eat! : Ontonegeotiations in the pedaogogical meal as networksBorg Olofsson, Elin, Frodin, Sara January 2016 (has links)
Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur måltiden kan förstås genom posthumanistisk teoribildning. Denna studie är en kvalitativ etnografisk fältstudie där observationerna har utförts på en förskola i Stockholm med hjälp av en filmkamera. Syftet med den pedagogiska måltiden står delvis utan uttalat mål men är samtidigt till brädden fylld med intentionen att äta. Vid första anblick är det som om ”bara man får i sig mat så är det bra” men vår analys visar att måltiden är mer invecklad än så. Måltiden är komplex och fylld av motsägelser. När man tittar på måltiden med våra teoretiska utgångspunkter framträder mellanmänskliga förhandlingar. Vi menar också att de krispiga nachochipsen, den halvätna broccolin, det kladdiga, rapar – allt kan tolkas som medförhandlande till vad som blir måltiden. Sammanfattningsvis visar vår studie att en pedagogisk måltid kan förstås som ett nätverk där normer, pedagoger, barn och ting tillsammans skapar måltiden i förskolan.
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The same but better : understanding ceramic variation in the Hebridean NeolithicCopper, Michael January 2016 (has links)
Over 22,000 sherds of pottery were recovered during the excavation of the small islet of Eilean Dòmhnuill in North Uist in the late 1980s. Analysis of the assemblage has demonstrated that all of the main vessel forms and decorative motifs recognised at the site were already in place when settlement began in the earlier 4th millennium BC and continued to be deposited at the site until its abandonment over 800 years later. Statistically significant stylistic variation is limited to slow drifts in the relative proportions of certain rim forms. Across the Outer Hebrides, decorative elaboration and the presence of large numbers of distinctive vessel forms would appear to mark out certain assemblages seemingly associated with communal gathering and feasting events at key locales within which a distinctive Hebridean Neolithic identity was forged. Throughout, this study takes a relational approach to the issue of variation in material culture, viewing all archaeological entities as dynamic assemblages that themselves form attributes of higher-level assemblages. It is argued that the various constraints and affordances that arise within such assemblages constitute significant structuring principles that give rise to commonly held expectations and dispositions, resulting in the kind of constrained temporal and spatial variation that we observe in the archaeological record and which in turn gives rise to the concept of the archaeological culture.
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La part du désastre : la pratique de l'assemblage comme rituel de résistance / The part of disaster : the practice of assemblage as a resistance ritualSerinet, Bruno 23 May 2016 (has links)
Cette thèse interroge une expérience individuelle de pratiques artistiques effectuées dans le contexte géographique de l'île de la Martinique. Pour celui qui le vit, l'exil offre la possibilité d'adopter des points de vue distanciés tout en conservant l'implication dans les problématiques les plus actuelles et les plus universelles. Ce travail questionne les relations entre la création artistique et ce qui semble la nier, à savoir tous les phénomènes désastreux. En art, la mise en œuvre peut être comprise comme le montage d'un assemblage. L'artiste relie des fragments entre eux pour composer des objets qui ne constituent ni une unité ni un enchevêtrement hasardeux, mais plutôt des structures ouvertes et instables cultivant l'indétermination. Adoptant cette conception que l'art et la vie sont indissociables, l'approche développée dans ce texte explore les liens entre l'idée d'assemblage d'éléments disparates et les questions soulevées par les relations entre l'individu et les contextes ou encore entre les singularités et les communautés. Le désir de créer persiste malgré la perspective incontournable du désastre. Envisagée sous cet angle, la pratique artistique peut se concevoir comme un rituel de résistance. / This thesis examines a personal experience of artistic practices realised in the geographical context of the island of Martinique. For the one who lives it, the exile offers the possibility of adopting viewpoints distanced while retaining involvement in the most current and most universal problems. This work questions the relationship between artistic creation and what seems to deny it, namely all the disastrous phenomena. In art, the implementation can be understood as the setting of an assembly. The artist connects fragments together to compose objects that are neither a unit nor a hazardous entanglement, but rather an open and unstable structure cultivating indeterminacy. Adopting this conception that art and life are inseparable, this work explores the links between the idea of assembly of disparate elements and issues raised by the relationship between the individual and the contexts or between singularities and communities. The desire to create persists despite the unavoidable prospect of disaster. Seen from this angle, the artistic practice can be understood as a resistance ritual.
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Synthesis of linear and star miktoarm ABC terpolymers and their self-assembly in thin films / Synthèse de terpolymères ABC linéaires et en étoile et étude de leur auto-organisation en films mincesAntoine, Ségolène 22 December 2017 (has links)
L’objectif premier de ce travail a été de trouver une méthode de synthèse permettant depréparer des terpolymères ABC linéaires et en étoile en gardant la masse molaire des blocs A et B(PS et P2VP) constantes, tout en faisant varier la masse molaire du bloc C (PI) de sorte à avoiraccès à différentes morphologies. Le deuxième objectif consistait en l’auto-assemblage desterpolymères synthétisés sous forme de films minces.Afin de répondre au premier objectif de cette thèse, une voie de synthèse, combinant lapolymérisation anionique avec une méthode de couplage, a été mise au point. La polymérisationanionique séquentielle des blocs PS et P2VP a donné lieu à des chaînes PS-b-P2VPfonctionnalisées qui ont été ensuite couplées à différents blocs PI via une estérification de Steglich.Cette méthode de synthèse s’est révélée pertinente car des terpolymères ABC linéaires et en étoiletrès bien définis (c-à-d ayant une dispersité inférieure à 1.1) ont pu être synthétisés. De plus, laméthode de couplage, ayant un rendement proche de 100%, ne met pas en jeu l’utilisation de métalen tant que catalyseur.Dans un deuxième temps, l’auto-organisation des terpolymères a permis d’obtenir denouvelles morphologies sous forme de films minces. Un recuit par vapeur de solvant a été utilisépour apporter de la mobilité aux chaînes terpolymères. Ainsi, nous avons montré que l’autoorganisationde chaînes terpolymères linéaires (PS-b-P2VP-b-PI) permettait la formation d’unephase double gyroid coeur-écorce en film mince. De plus, l’auto-organisation des terpolymères enétoile (3 μ-ISP) a permis d’obtenir un pavage d’Archimède de type (4.6.12) pour la première foisen film mince. Dans ce cas, nous avons aussi montré que varier la masse molaire du bloc PI ainsique la nature du solvant de recuit permettait une rotation des domaines au sein la structure.Typiquement le coeur de la structure peut être occupé soit par le PI ou bien le PS. / The first objective of this work was to develop a synthesis method enabling the preparationof linear and star ABC terpolymers. The molecular weights of the A and B (PS and P2VP) blockswere kept constant while the size of the C (PI) block was varied to achieve different morphologies.The second objective of this work was devoted to the study of the self-assembly of linear and starABC terpolymer thin films. A synthesis route combining the anionic polymerization with acoupling method was developed. The PS and P2VP blocks were synthesized by a sequential anionicpolymerization. The PI block separately synthesized by anionic polymerization was then coupledto the PS-b-P2VP diblock via a Steglich esterification. This method revealed to be efficient sinceit is a catalyst metal-free reaction enabling to achieve well-defined terpolymers with a dispersitybelow 1.1The study of star and linear ABC terpolymer self-assembly led to new morphologies in thinfilm. A solvent vapor annealing treatment was used to promote the mobility of the polymericchains. A core-shell double gyroid structure was produced from the self-assembly of linear PS-b-P2VP-b-PI thin films. Four different crystallographic planes were observed depending on the filmthickness. Moreover, the self-assembly of star ABC terpolymer chains into a thin film (4.6.12)Archimedean tilling pattern was demonstrated for the first time. Here, the PS and PI blocksoccupied different places within the (4.6.12) tiling pattern depending on the PI volume ratio andthe solvent selected to swell the film.
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