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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

L'accès aux soins : des perceptions du territoire aux initiatives des acteurs : concepts, mesures et enquêtes pour une analyse géographique de l'organisation et du développement d'une offre de soins durable / Access to health care : from territorial perceptions to the initiatives of stakeholders : concepts, measures and surveys for a geographical analysis of the organization and the development of a sustainable supply of care

Raynaud, Joy 31 October 2013 (has links)
L’accès aux soins est une préoccupation des pouvoirs publics, des patients et des médecins. Après avoir identifié le rôle et les différentes aspirations de ces acteurs de santé, une synthèse reposant sur la construction des concepts en sciences sociales est proposée afin de comparer les différentes approches de l’analyse et de la mesure de l’accès aux soins. En France, ce concept est principalement étudié à travers les difficultés financières ou la distance géographique, pourtant sa nature est multidimensionnelle. A partir de cette analyse, deux enquêtes ont été menées pour recueillir les perceptions de mille patients et cinq cents médecins libéraux afin de déterminer précisément la nature et la fréquence des difficultés d’accès aux soins. Les résultats montrent que les principaux obstacles sont le temps d’attente en cabinet chez les généralistes et le délai d’obtention d’un rendez-vous chez les spécialistes. Ces éléments sont également des facteurs de renoncement aux soins. L’enquête réalisée auprès des médecins identifie leurs perceptions concernant les difficultés d’accès aux consultations de leurs patients, leurs conditions de travail et les solutions privilégiées pour diminuer lesdélais de prise en charge des patients. Un vif intérêt pour le regroupement avec d’autres confrères est exprimé, en particulier pour les jeunes médecins. Ainsi, les deux principaux modes d’organisation émergents de l’offre de soins, les maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles et la télémédecine, sont analysés et discutés à la suite de retours d’expériences et d’entretiens semi-directifs. A l’initiative des acteurs locaux, ces coopérations entre professionnels de santé favorisent la qualité et la durabilité des services de soins sur les territoires. / Access to health care is a concern for governments, patients and physicians. This study identifies the role and aspirations of health stakeholders and, based on the construction of social science concepts, it compares the previous conceptual frameworks analyzing and measuring access to health care. Access to health care is a multidimensional concept; however it was mainly analyzed through financial difficulties or geographical distance in France. Two surveys were conducted to collect the perceptions of one thousand patients and five hundred liberal doctors to determine the origin and frequency of problems of access to health care. The results show that the main barriers are the waiting time in the office of general practitioner and the waiting period to get an appointment with specialists. These previous factors lead also to health carerenunciation. Concerning the physicians, the survey identifies their perceptions of patient’s difficulties, their working conditions and their preferred solutions against the waiting period before patients care receiving. It appears that young doctors are particularly interested in group medical practices. Thus, the two main emerging organizations offering health care i.e., multidisciplinary health house and telemedicine are analyzed and discussed as a result of feedbacks and semi-structured interviews. At the initiative of local actors, cooperation between health professionals promotes the quality and sustainability of health care services in the territories.
42

The rights-based approach to development :|baccess to health care services at Ratshaatsha Community Health Centre in Blouberg Municipality of Limpopo

Rammutla, Chuene William Thabisa January 2013 (has links)
Thesis (M. Dev) -- University of Limpopo, 2013 / Refer to document
43

Atenção primária à saúde voltada às necessidades das pessoas idosas : da política à evidência

Martins, Aline Blaya January 2012 (has links)
A população mundial vem envelhecendo, diante dessa premissa a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), bem como, o Ministério da Saúde (MS) do Brasil, vem buscando adaptar-se a esta realidade através de políticas públicas capazes de promover o envelhecimento ativo e da atenção à saúde adaptada às necessidades da população idosa. A OMS propôs a adequação da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) às necessidades dos idosos. O Brasil, por sua vez, segue as orientações da OMS, dentro da linha de cuidado voltada para a saúde dos idosos, na Estratégia de Saúde da Família e dentro da Política de Atenção à Saúde da Pessoa Idosa. No entanto, ainda não há evidências quanto à avaliação da adequação destas políticas e de sua relação com a forma como os idosos percebem sua saúde geral e bucal. Desta forma, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a extensão do cuidado em saúde que é acessado por idosos moradores de dois distritos de Porto Alegre/RS, em relação ao preconizado para efetividade da Atenção Primária à Saúde, e realizar um censo das unidades de saúde de APS dos mesmos distritos a fim de estabelecer uma relação entre os dados empíricos levantados e: i) Políticas de Saúde relacionadas com a Atenção Primária à Saúde voltadas às necessidades das pessoas idosas, ii) autoavaliação de saúde geral e iii) percepção de saúde bucal. A metodologia do estudo contou com um estudo teórico realizado através de um levantamento de documentos, um estudo epidemiológico de base populacional de delineamento transversal e um censo de unidades de saúde. Os resultados deste estudo apontam para uma realidade distinta entre o que as Políticas voltadas para os idosos preconizam e o que é oferecido para os idosos. Foram observadas limitações em relação ao acesso, longitudinalidade, integralidade e qualidade do cuidado. Além disso, foi possível observar que em relação à autoavaliação de saúde os resultados mostraram associações entre a avaliação positiva da saúde e fatores psicossociais (sintomatologia depressiva), características pessoais (nº de morbidades) e ambientais (orientação do serviço para a APS). Já em relação à percepção de saúde bucal, os resultados apontaram associação com determinantes primários (satisfação com último atendimento odontológico, resiliência e renda suficiente para as necessidades da família), comportamentos em saúde (hábito tabágico) e condições de saúde bucal (número de dentes e presença de restos radiculares). A conclusão que se chegou a partir de tais resultados é que há uma necessidade premente de ampliação do acesso e qualificação do cuidado para que a Atenção Primária disponibilizada para os idosos que vivem nos distritos Lomba do Pinheiro e Partenon em Porto Alegre possa ser realmente considerada adequada às necessidades dos idosos. Além disso, é necessário que se leve em consideração o papel da Atenção Primária a saúde na avaliação da sua própria saúde e na percepção de saúde bucal por parte de idosos. / The world population is aging. In response to those trends the World Health Organization (WHO), as well as the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MH), are aiming at tackling such matters through public policies that promote active aging through health care adapted to the needs of the elderly population. The WHO has proposed an Age-friendly Primary Health Care (PHC) that lies in accordance with the needs of the elderly. In Brazil, the WHO guidelines are followed within older people care provision, in the Family Health Strategy, and within the National Health Policy for the Elderly Person. However, there is still no evidence concerning the assessment of adequacy of these policies and its association with how older people perceive their general and oral health. Thus, this study aimed to verify the extension towards primary health care provided by health services accessed by older persons living in two sanitary districts of Porto Alegre/RS in relation with the recommendation in terms of effectiveness of primary health care. In addition, a census of the primary health care services of the two sanitary districts was carried out forming, along with the epidemiological survey, the basis of the empirical data that allowed establish a relationship with: i) Health Policies related to Primary Health Care and targeting on the needs of older persons, ii) self-rated health and iii) self-perceived oral health. The methodology included: theoretical study made by a documental research, a cross-sectional population-based epidemiological study and a health PHC services census. The results of this study show a distinct reality between what policies targeting older persons recommend and what is actually provided, limitations in terms of access, longitudinally, comprehensiveness and quality of care were observed. Furthermore, it was observed that positive self-rated health was associated with psychosocial factors (depressive symptomatology), personal characteristics (number of morbidities) and environmental characteristics (orientation towards PHC Attributes). Self-perceived oral health was associated with primary determinants of health (satisfaction with prior dental appointment, resilience and income that was enough to meet family needs), 17 health behaviors (smoking habit) and oral health status (number of teeth and of root remnants). Concluding, there is an urgent need to increase access and to qualify care so that Primary Health Care services made available for older people, at least for those who live in the Lomba do Pinheiro and Partenon sanitary districts of Porto Alegre/RS, reach its goals of providing adequate and resolutive care that is adequate to the needs of the elderly. Furthermore, it is necessary to take into account the role of Primary Health Care on the rate of health and perception of oral health by the elderly. Still, advances in relation to equity and quality of care in respect to primary health care professionals continued education attainment were observed.
44

Atenção primária à saúde voltada às necessidades das pessoas idosas : da política à evidência

Martins, Aline Blaya January 2012 (has links)
A população mundial vem envelhecendo, diante dessa premissa a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), bem como, o Ministério da Saúde (MS) do Brasil, vem buscando adaptar-se a esta realidade através de políticas públicas capazes de promover o envelhecimento ativo e da atenção à saúde adaptada às necessidades da população idosa. A OMS propôs a adequação da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) às necessidades dos idosos. O Brasil, por sua vez, segue as orientações da OMS, dentro da linha de cuidado voltada para a saúde dos idosos, na Estratégia de Saúde da Família e dentro da Política de Atenção à Saúde da Pessoa Idosa. No entanto, ainda não há evidências quanto à avaliação da adequação destas políticas e de sua relação com a forma como os idosos percebem sua saúde geral e bucal. Desta forma, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a extensão do cuidado em saúde que é acessado por idosos moradores de dois distritos de Porto Alegre/RS, em relação ao preconizado para efetividade da Atenção Primária à Saúde, e realizar um censo das unidades de saúde de APS dos mesmos distritos a fim de estabelecer uma relação entre os dados empíricos levantados e: i) Políticas de Saúde relacionadas com a Atenção Primária à Saúde voltadas às necessidades das pessoas idosas, ii) autoavaliação de saúde geral e iii) percepção de saúde bucal. A metodologia do estudo contou com um estudo teórico realizado através de um levantamento de documentos, um estudo epidemiológico de base populacional de delineamento transversal e um censo de unidades de saúde. Os resultados deste estudo apontam para uma realidade distinta entre o que as Políticas voltadas para os idosos preconizam e o que é oferecido para os idosos. Foram observadas limitações em relação ao acesso, longitudinalidade, integralidade e qualidade do cuidado. Além disso, foi possível observar que em relação à autoavaliação de saúde os resultados mostraram associações entre a avaliação positiva da saúde e fatores psicossociais (sintomatologia depressiva), características pessoais (nº de morbidades) e ambientais (orientação do serviço para a APS). Já em relação à percepção de saúde bucal, os resultados apontaram associação com determinantes primários (satisfação com último atendimento odontológico, resiliência e renda suficiente para as necessidades da família), comportamentos em saúde (hábito tabágico) e condições de saúde bucal (número de dentes e presença de restos radiculares). A conclusão que se chegou a partir de tais resultados é que há uma necessidade premente de ampliação do acesso e qualificação do cuidado para que a Atenção Primária disponibilizada para os idosos que vivem nos distritos Lomba do Pinheiro e Partenon em Porto Alegre possa ser realmente considerada adequada às necessidades dos idosos. Além disso, é necessário que se leve em consideração o papel da Atenção Primária a saúde na avaliação da sua própria saúde e na percepção de saúde bucal por parte de idosos. / The world population is aging. In response to those trends the World Health Organization (WHO), as well as the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MH), are aiming at tackling such matters through public policies that promote active aging through health care adapted to the needs of the elderly population. The WHO has proposed an Age-friendly Primary Health Care (PHC) that lies in accordance with the needs of the elderly. In Brazil, the WHO guidelines are followed within older people care provision, in the Family Health Strategy, and within the National Health Policy for the Elderly Person. However, there is still no evidence concerning the assessment of adequacy of these policies and its association with how older people perceive their general and oral health. Thus, this study aimed to verify the extension towards primary health care provided by health services accessed by older persons living in two sanitary districts of Porto Alegre/RS in relation with the recommendation in terms of effectiveness of primary health care. In addition, a census of the primary health care services of the two sanitary districts was carried out forming, along with the epidemiological survey, the basis of the empirical data that allowed establish a relationship with: i) Health Policies related to Primary Health Care and targeting on the needs of older persons, ii) self-rated health and iii) self-perceived oral health. The methodology included: theoretical study made by a documental research, a cross-sectional population-based epidemiological study and a health PHC services census. The results of this study show a distinct reality between what policies targeting older persons recommend and what is actually provided, limitations in terms of access, longitudinally, comprehensiveness and quality of care were observed. Furthermore, it was observed that positive self-rated health was associated with psychosocial factors (depressive symptomatology), personal characteristics (number of morbidities) and environmental characteristics (orientation towards PHC Attributes). Self-perceived oral health was associated with primary determinants of health (satisfaction with prior dental appointment, resilience and income that was enough to meet family needs), 17 health behaviors (smoking habit) and oral health status (number of teeth and of root remnants). Concluding, there is an urgent need to increase access and to qualify care so that Primary Health Care services made available for older people, at least for those who live in the Lomba do Pinheiro and Partenon sanitary districts of Porto Alegre/RS, reach its goals of providing adequate and resolutive care that is adequate to the needs of the elderly. Furthermore, it is necessary to take into account the role of Primary Health Care on the rate of health and perception of oral health by the elderly. Still, advances in relation to equity and quality of care in respect to primary health care professionals continued education attainment were observed.
45

Desigualdades no uso e acesso aos serviços de saúde entre a população idosa do município de São Paulo / Inequalities in use and access to health care services among the elderly population in São Paulo.

Marilia Cristina Prado Louvison 16 August 2006 (has links)
Objetivos: Este estudo é parte do Projeto Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento (SABE), com o objetivo de identificar as desigualdades no acesso e uso de serviços de saúde entre idosos no município de São Paulo, Brasil. Métodos: Em 2000, foram entrevistados, 2143 indivíduos com 60 anos ou mais, utilizando-se o questionário padronizado do SABE. A amostra foi obtida em dois estágios, utilizando-se setores censitários com reposição, probabilidade proporcional à população e complementação da amostra de pessoas de 75 anos. Os dados finais foram ponderados, de forma a serem expandidos. Foi mensurado o uso de serviços hospitalares (internações) e ambulatoriais (consultas médicas) nos últimos quatro meses e o não uso de serviços de saúde (mesmo precisando), relacionando-os com fatores de capacidade, necessidade e predisposição (renda total, escolaridade, seguro saúde, morbidade referida, auto-percepção, sexo e idade). Resultados: A proporção dos entrevistados que referiu ter utilizado algum serviço de saúde, nos últimos quatro meses, foi de 4,7 por cento com relação à internação hospitalar e 64, 4 por cento com referência ao atendimento ambulatorial. Dos atendimentos ambulatoriais, 24,7 por cento ocorreu em hospital público e 24,1 por cento em serviço ambulatorial público sendo que nos serviços privados, 14,5 por cento ocorreu em hospital e 33,7 por cento em clínicas. A não utilização foi relacionada à pouca gravidade da doença, qualidade e distância dos serviços e custo. Na regressão logística multivariada, observou-se associação entre a utilização de serviços e sexo, presença de doenças, auto-percepção de saúde, interação da renda e escolaridade e posse de seguro saúde, sendo que a escolaridade isoladamente apresentou efeito inverso. Conclusão: Foram observadas desigualdades no uso e acesso aos serviços de saúde e inadequação do modelo de atenção, indicando necessidade de políticas públicas que levem em conta as especificidades dessa população, facilitem o acesso e possam reduzir essas desigualdades / Objectives: This research is part of a project called Health, Well-being and Aging in Latin America and the Caribbean, “SABE study”, and aims to study the inequalities in use and access to health care services among the elderly persons in the Municipality of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: In 2000, 2.143 individuals aged 60 or older, dwelling in the urban area of São Paulo, were interviewed using census sectors with replacement and probability proportional to population. To achieve the desired number of respondents 75 or older, additional homes close to the selected census sector were used, with weighting of the final results. The use and access to health services were measured for outpatient medical services and hospital admission in the context of the personal characteristics of the subjects, context and need for health care. Results: Considering the elderly who needed healthcare assistance in the four months prior to the interview, 4,7% were hospitalized and 64,4% needed ambulatory care, being 24,7% in public hospitals and 24,1% in public ambulatory health services. As for the private services, this number was 14, 5% for hospitals and 33, 7% for medical clinics. In the multivariate analysis, there is an association between use of health services, sex, diseases, wealth quintiles and health insurance. However, the opposite effect was found for the variable “educational level”. Conclusions: The results demonstrate inequalities in use and access to health services and a problematic health care system. Public policies should take into account the different needs of this older population, in order to facilitate access to health care services and reduce inequalities.
46

Atenção ao câncer do colo de útero e de mama no estado de Goiás / Attention to cancer of the cervix and breast in the state of Goiás

Silva, Wycilene Bernardes da 26 February 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2016-09-15T13:47:01Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Wycilene Bernardes da Silva - 2015.pdf: 12593868 bytes, checksum: 56dee6deea8c990ce990fac1b55f11b4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-09-15T14:44:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Wycilene Bernardes da Silva - 2015.pdf: 12593868 bytes, checksum: 56dee6deea8c990ce990fac1b55f11b4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-15T14:44:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Wycilene Bernardes da Silva - 2015.pdf: 12593868 bytes, checksum: 56dee6deea8c990ce990fac1b55f11b4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-26 / Introduction: Cervix and breast cancers are a public health problem that affects women around the world. In Brazil, Primary Care plays a fundamental role in controlling these cancers because it acts in several scopes, from promotion and prevention to the follow-up of treated women. This study aimed to analyze the actions and Primary Care services (PC) in cervical and breast cancers prevention in the state of Goiás. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, which selected information were from the national base of the database of external evaluation of the Improvement Access and Quality of Primary Care Program (IAQP-PC) in Goiás held from July to September 2012. The sample of this study is 1.216 basic Health Units (BHU) of 246 municipalities in the state of Goiás, which joined the IAQP-PC and responded to module I, by 677 professionals who answered the module II interviews and 1,936 users who were at the BHU and responded to the module III. Results: It was found that most units (98.1%) perform the collection of cervical cancer screening, but not all permanently have the necessary supplies and materials for the exam. The amount of mammography devices is sufficient to meet women, but they are not well distributed by health districts. PC users think the distance from the health units to their houses is reasonable or near, opening hours meet their needs, consultations are booked according to arrival order (91.4%) and when they are with some gynecological problem, 17.4% cannot be meet on time. Some women (13.5%) never performed the screening test, among these 44.6% were mean aged according to Ministry of Health. Only 8.5% received an indication of colposcopy after some abnormal test result and 78.1% have never been sent for a gynecological consultation. Conclusions: This study showed that not only Primary Care in Goiás is not well managed enough to be the originator center of the Health Care Networks as well as that there is some weakness regarding the line of cancer care, making it difficult to access to services and comprehensive care to women. Keywords: Breast Neoplasms; Neoplasms of the cervix; Health Services for Women / Introdução: O câncer do colo de útero e de mama são um problema de saúde pública que acomete mulheres de todo mundo. No Brasil a Atenção Básica tem papel fundamental no controle desses cânceres, pois atua em várias dimensões, desde ações de promoção e prevenção ao seguimento das mulheres tratadas. Este estudo objetivou analisar as ações e os serviços de Atenção Básica (AB) na prevenção dos cânceres do colo do útero e de mama no Estado de Goiás. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de corte transversal, cujas informações selecionadas foram geradas a partir do banco de dados da base nacional da avaliação externa do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) em Goiás realizada entre julho e setembro em 2012. A amostra do estudo foi constituída pelas 1.216 Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) dos 246 municípios do estado de Goiás que aderiram ao PMAQ-AB e que responderam ao módulo I, pelos 677 profissionais que responderam as entrevistas do modulo II e pelas 1.936 usuárias que estavam presentes no momento da visita nas UBS e responderam ao módulo III. Resultados: Verificou-se que a maioria das unidades (98,1%) realiza a coleta do exame citopatológico, mas nem todas possuem permanentemente os insumos e materiais indispensáveis para a realização do exame. A quantidade de mamógrafos é suficiente para atender as mulheres, mas estão distribuídos de maneira desigual pelas Regionais de Saúde. As usuárias da AB acham perto ou razoável a distância das unidades a suas casas, o horário de funcionamento atende suas necessidades, as consultas são marcadas por ordem de chegada (91,4%) e quando estão com algum problema ginecológico, 17,4% não conseguem atendimento na hora. Apenas 8,5% receberam a indicação de realização da colposcopia após algum exame alterado e 78,1% nunca foram encaminhadas para consulta com o ginecologista. Conclusões: Este estudo mostrou que não somente Atenção Básica em Goiás não está organizada de maneira a ser o centro ordenador das Redes de Atenção à Saúde, como também que existe uma certa fragilidade no que se refere a linha do cuidado do câncer, o que dificulta o acesso aos serviços e o cuidado integral às mulheres.
47

Diferencias institucionales en el insuficiente acceso efectivo a medicamentos prescritos en instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud en Perú: Análisis de la Encuesta Nacional de Satisfacción de Usuarios de los Servicios de Salud / Institutional differences in the ineffectiveaccess to drugs prescribed in health care centers in peru: analysis of the national survey of health services users satisfaction (ensusalud 2014)

Mezones-Holguín, Edward, Solis-Cóndor, Risof, Garnica Pinazo Holguín, Gladys, Marquez Bobadilla, Edith, Tantaleán Del Águila, Martín, Villegas Ortega, José Hamblett, Philipps Cuba, Flor de María, Benítes-Zapata, Vicente A. 06 1900 (has links)
Objetivos. Estimar la prevalencia de insuficiente acceso efectivo a medicamentos (IAEM) y sus factores asociados en usuarios que reciben prescripción médica en la consulta ambulatoria de instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud (IPRESS) en Perú. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un análisis secundario de la Encuesta Nacional de Satisfacción de Usuarios en Salud (ENSUSALUD) del año 2014; estudio con muestreo probabilístico bietápico a nivel nacional en IPRESS del Ministerio de Salud y Gobiernos Regionales (MINSA-GR), Seguro Social de Salud, Fuerzas Armadas y Policiales (sanidades), y clínicas del sector privado (CSP). El IAEM se definió como la dispensación incompleta o de ningún medicamento en la farmacia de la IPRESS. Se realizaron modelos lineales generalizados y se estimaron razones de prevalencia (RP) con IC 95% para muestreo complejo. Resultados. De los 13 670 entrevistados, el 80,9% (IC 95%: 79,9-81,8%) recibieron indicación de medicamentos, y de estos el 90,8% (IC 95%: 90,1-91,6%) los solicitaron en la farmacia de la IPRESS, donde el 30,6% (IC 95%:28,8-32,4%) tuvo IAEM. El ser atendido en el MINSA-GR (razón de prevalencia [RP]: 4,8; IC 95%: 3,5-6,54) y en las sanidades (RP: 3,21; IC 95%: 2,3- 4,5), el ser de la tercera edad (RP: 1,17; IC 95%: 1,04-1,34) y el pertenecer al quintil más pobre (RP: 1,21; IC 95%: 1,05-1,41) incrementaron la probabilidad de IAEM. Asimismo, los pacientes atendidos por una enfermedad de menos de 15 días (RP: 1,37; IC 95%: 1,05-1,79) y de 15 días a más (RP: 1,51; IC 95%: 1,16-1,97) tuvieron una mayor prevalencia de IAEM que aquellos atendidos por embarazo u otros controles. Conclusiones. El IAEM está asociado al subsistema de salud, edad, pobreza y tipo de consulta realizada. Se sugieren implementar estrategias para fomentar el acceso a medicamentos en la población peruana. / Objectives. To estimate the prevalence of ineffective access to drugs (IAD) and associated factors in patients receiving a prescription in an outpatient clinic in the Peruvian health system. Materials and Methods. We performed a secondary dataanalysis of the National Survey of Health Users Satisfaction (ENSUSALUD 2014), a two-stage population-based study carried out in health care centers of the Ministry of Health and Regional Governments (MOHRG), Social Security (EsSalud), Armed Forces and Police (AFP) and the Private Sector across all 25 regions of Peru. IAD was defined as incomplete or no dispensing of any prescribed medication in the health care center pharmacy. Generalized linear models with Poisson distribution for complex survey sampling were fit to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results. Out of 13,360 participants, 80.9 % (95% CI: 79.9-81.8) had an active prescription, and of those, 90.8 % (95% CI: 90.1-91.6) sought their medications in a health care center pharmacy, where 30.6 % (95% CI 28.8-32.4) had IAD. In the multiple regression model, receiving medical attention in the MOHRG (PR 4.8; 95%CI: 3.5-6.54) or AFP (PR: 3.2; 95%CI: 2.3-4.5), being over 60 years old (PR: 1.17; 95%CI: 1.04-1.34) and being in the poorest income quintile (PR: 1.05; 95%CI: 1.05-1.41) increased IAD. Furthermore, in contrast to seeking care for pregnancy or other routine control, IAD was also more common for medical consultation for diseases diagnosed in the last 15 days (PR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.05-1.79) or more than 15 days prior (PR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.16-1.97). Conclusion. In Peru, IAD is associated with the provider institution, older age, poverty and the reason for medical consultation. We suggest strategies to promote access to medicines, especially in the most disadvantaged segments of the Peruvian population. / Revisión por pares
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The exceptions to patent rights under the WTO-TRIPS Agreement : where is the right to health guaranteed?

Mugambe, Lydia January 2002 (has links)
"The thesis of this study is that the flexibility within the exceptions to patent rights protecton under the TRIPS Agreement has not sufficiently been exploited at the national level. The study conceptualises the regimes for the protection of the right to health and IPRs not as mutually exclusive but as potentially reinforcing. The contention is therefore that the obligations in respect to the right to health limit the manner in which states can exercise the flexibilty within the patent regime of the TRIPS Agreement. Eventually the study seeks to answer the question: Where does the guarantee for the right to health lie in light of the TRIPS regime? ... The study is divided into three chapters preceded by an introduction. The introduction lays the background for te discussion. Chapter one deals with the definition of important concepts and provides the context in which the study is set. The chapter also discusses the background to the creation of the TRIPS Agreement, with an emphatic discussion on the involvement or lack thereof of Africn and other least developed and developing countries in this process. Chapter two discusses the patent rights exceptions clause under the TRIPS Agreement. Against this background, compuslory licensing, government use and parallel importing as means of making accessibility to drugs a reality under the TRIPS Agreement will be discussed. Chapter three identifies other means of making drugs more accessible and identifying places where they have worked well. In this chapter, generic substitution, establishemnt of a pricing committee, therapeutic value pricing, pooled procurement, negotiated procurement and planned donations will be discussed. Finally a conclusion will be drawn from the discussion and recommendations will be advanced." -- Chapter 1. / Prepared under the supervision of Riekie Wandrag at the Community Law Centre, University of Western Cape, South Africa / Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2002. / http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html / Centre for Human Rights / LLM
49

Accès aux soins de santé : expériences de migrants sans assurance maladie à Montréal, Canada

Pilabre, Fatimata 09 1900 (has links)
No description available.
50

Globalizace a zdraví - dostupnost zdravotní péče u dětí cizinců v České republice / Globalization and Health - access to health care for children of foreigners in the Czech Republic

Davidová, Olga January 2012 (has links)
Olga Davidová - Abstrakt DP - AJ Abstract Diploma thesis "Globalization and Health - access to health care for children of foreigners in the Czech Republic" addresses the issue of availability of health care for children of foreigners in the Czech Republic as development of legal framework in the Czech Republic and human rights issues. The main objective of this work is a critical reflection on the cause of discrimination against children of foreigners from third world countries (non-EU countries) in their access to health care. This is a retrospective case study which is selected by the institutional analysis of the key events of public policy focusing on the development of health insurance legislation. There are different mechanisms of protection of human rights at local, national, and international level in the availability of health care for children of foreign nationals from third world countries; unfortunately national legislation is not fully in line with international requirements in the area of health law. Although international documents are binding for the Czech Republic, they are not sufficiently applied in the Czech constitutional right to prevent violations of human rights.

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