Nos últimos anos, intensos estudos vêm sendo realizados no que se refere a substitutos ósseos biocompatíveis e absorvíveis, notadamente os cimentos ósseos de fosfato de cálcio, para cirurgias de reconstrução e em engenharia de tecidos. Porém os cimentos de fosfato de cálcio desenvolvidos apresentam baixa resistência mecânica quando comparados com os ossos do corpo humano. Neste contexto, a busca por alternativas para minimizar esse problema tem se intensificado. A obtenção de alfa-fosfato tricálcico por outras rotas de síntese, bem como o desenvolvimento de compósitos de fosfatos de cálcio e hidrogéis têm se destacado nesse ramo. O preparo destes compósitos permite combinar excelentes propriedades como: i) osteocondutividade e capacidade de formar ligações com o tecido ósseo proporcionado pelos fosfatos de cálcio e ii) facilidade de adesão e distribuição de células no interior de scaffolds, proporcionado pelo hidrogel. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de uma nova metodologia de obtenção de alfa-fosfato tricálcico, o preparo de composições de cimentos de fosfato de cálcio e de hidrogéis, bem como a obtenção e caracterização de compósitos destes, visando o melhoramento das propriedades para aplicação como biomaterial Foi possível sintetizar alfa-fosfato tricálcico com elevado grau de pureza, utilizando-se o método de reação via úmida. Após estudos da ordem de adição e concentração dos reagentes foi possível definir os melhores parâmetros de síntese. Com isso verificou-se a influência do tempo de moagem nas propriedades dos cimentos, sendo constatado que para o fosfato de cálcio preparado pela metodologia proposta, não há necessidade de moagem adicional. Foram testadas formulações de hidrogéis utilizando N-vinil-2-pirrolidona e ou ácido acrílico, utilizando três iniciadores: azobisisobutironitrila, persulfato de amônio e 1- hidroxiciclohexil fenil cetona. Pela adição de formulações de hidrogéis ao cimento foi possível obter compósitos com maior absorção de água, mantendo as propriedades mecânicas, o que pode permitir uma melhor adesão celular ao implante sem comprometer sua estrutura. O ensaio de citotoxicidade in vitro demonstrou que o cimento sintetizado neste trabalho não apresentou efeito tóxico para as células. Mostrando, ainda, a adesão e proliferação de célulastronco mesenquimais e de uma linhagem de osteoblastos. / In the last years, intensive studies have been conducted regarding the biocompatible and resorbable bone substitutes, notably calcium phosphate bone cements, for reconstructive surgery and tissue engineering. However, the calcium phosphate cements developed exhibit low mechanical strength when compared with the bones of the human body. In this context, the search for alternatives to minimize this problem has intensified. The obtaining of alphatricalcium phosphate by others synthesis routes, as well as development of calcium phosphate and hydrogels composites has been prominent in this branch. The preparation of these composites allows to combine excellent properties such as: i) osteoconductivity and ability to form bonds with bone tissue, afforded by calcium phosphate and ii) ease of adhesion and distribution of cells in the scaffolds inside, provided by hydrogel. The aim of this work was the development of a new methodology to obtaining alpha-tricalcium phosphate, the preparation of calcium phosphate cements and hydrogels compositions, as well as the obtaining and characterization of composites of these, intended to improve the properties for application as biomaterial. It was possible to synthesize alpha-tricalcium phosphate with high purity using the wet method reaction After studies of the addition order and reagents concentration was possible to define the best synthesis parameters. With that it was verified the influence of milling time on the cements properties to being noted that for the calcium phosphate prepared by the proposed method, there is no need additional milling. Were tested hydrogel formulations using N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and/or acrylic acid, using three initiators: azobisisobutyronitrile, ammonium persulfate and 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone. By the addition of the hydrogel formulations to the cement was possible to obtain composites with higher water absorption by keeping the mechanical properties, which may permits better vascularization of the implant without compromising its structure. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that the cement synthesized in this work does not show any toxic effect on the cells. Also, showing the adhesion and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells and an osteoblast line.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Microspectrophotometry is a quick, accurate, and reproducible method to compare colored fibers for forensic purposes. The use of chemometric techniques applied to spectroscopic data can provide valuable discriminatory information especially when looking at a complex dataset. Differentiating a group of samples by employing chemometric analysis increases the evidential value of fiber comparisons by decreasing the probability of false association. The aims of this research were to (1) evaluate the chemometric procedure on a data set consisting of blue acrylic fibers and (2) accurately discriminate between yellow polyester fibers with the same dye composition but different dye loadings along with introducing a multivariate calibration approach to determine the dye concentration of fibers. In the first study, background subtracted and normalized visible spectra from eleven blue acrylic exemplars dyed with varying compositions of dyes were discriminated from one another using agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC), principal component analysis (PCA), and discriminant analysis (DA). AHC and PCA results agreed showing similar spectra clustering close to one another. DA analysis indicated a total classification accuracy of approximately 93% with only two of the eleven exemplars confused with one another. This was expected because two exemplars consisted of the same dye compositions. An external validation of the data set was performed and showed consistent results, which validated the model produced from the training set. In the second study, background subtracted and normalized visible spectra from ten yellow polyester exemplars dyed with different concentrations of the same dye ranging from 0.1-3.5% (w/w), were analyzed by the same techniques. Three classes of fibers with a classification accuracy of approximately 96% were found representing low, medium, and high dye loadings. Exemplars with similar dye loadings were able to be readily discriminated in some cases based on a classification accuracy of 90% or higher and a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve score of 0.9 or greater. Calibration curves based upon a proximity matrix of dye loadings between 0.1-0.75% (w/w) were developed that provided better accuracy and precision to that of a traditional approach.

While the pastoral environment that surrounds my studio is inspirational in itself, my treescapes and organic abstractions are reflections of referential places experienced along my life's path. Considering the constant onslaught of information in our increasingly rushed society, I hope my work, influenced by the natural world, may allow the viewer to slow down briefly and live in the moment.

Humans are exposed to electrophilically reactive compounds, both formed endogenously and from exogenous exposure. Such compounds could react and form stable reaction products, adducts, at nucleophilic sites in proteins and DNA. The formation of adducts constitutes a risk for effects, such as cancer and contact allergy, and plays a role in ageing processes. Adducts to proteins offer a possibility to measure electrophilic compounds in vivo. Adductomic approaches aim to study the totality of adducts, to specific biomolecules, by mass spectrometric screening. This thesis describes the development and application of an adductomic approach for the screening of unknown adducts to N-terminal valine (Val) in hemoglobin (Hb) by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The adductomic approach is based on the FIRE procedure, a modified Edman procedure for the analysis of adducts to N-terminal Val in Hb by LC/MS/MS. The adduct screening was performed by stepwise scanning of precursor ions in small mass increments and monitoring four fragments common for derivatives of detached Val adducts, in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. Samples from 12 smokers/nonsmokers were screened with the adductomic approach, and seven previously identified adducts and 19 unknown adducts were detected. A semiquantitative approach was applied for approximate quantification of adduct levels. A strategy for identifying unknown Hb adducts using adductome LC/MS/MS data was formulated and applied for the identification of unknown adducts. Identifications were based on the observed m/z of precursor ions and retention times combined with databases and Log P calculations. Hypothesized adducts were generated in vitro for comparison and matching with the corresponding unknown adducts. Five identified adducts correspond to the precursor electrophiles ethyl vinyl ketone (EVK), glyoxal, methylglyoxal, acrylic acid, and 1-octen-3-one. These adducts, except the adducts corresponding to glyoxal and methylglyoxal, have not been observed as protein adducts before.  Probable exposure sources to these electrophiles are diet and/or endogenous formation. The observation of these adducts motivate further studies to evaluate possible contributions to health risks, as well as their potential as biomarkers of exposure. The adduct from EVK was quantitatively assessed through different experiments to estimate the daily internal dose (area under the concentration-time-curve, AUC). EVK is about 2 × 103 more reactive than the reference compound acrylamide. The EVK adduct was shown to be unstable, with a relatively short half-life. The daily AUC in humans of EVK was estimated to be about 20 times lower than the corresponding AUC of acrylamide from intake via food. To confirm the observation of the detected unknown adducts and obtain a statistical foundation, analysis of unknown adducts were performed in large sets of blood samples (n = 50–120) from human cohorts. The majority of the previously detected unknown adducts were found in all analyzed samples, and the levels of many adducts showed large variations between individuals. The cause and significance of these observed variations are not yet clarified, but are of importance for the directions of future studies. In conclusion, a new approach for identification of unknown human exposure to electrophiles was developed and successfully applied. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 4: Submitted.</p>

Le glycérol est valorisable par déshydratation en acroléine qui est un important intermédiaire chimique et peut être converti en une multitude de produits à valeur ajoutée dont l’acide acrylique qui est la base de nombreux polymères. Cette réaction est réalisée sur des catalyseurs acides comme les zéolithes protoniques qui donnent d’importants rendements initiaux en phase gazeuse (275-325°C) et à pression atmosphérique. Cependant, le principal inconvénient de ces matériaux est la désactivation rapide au cours du temps dû à la formation de dépôts carbonés appelés « coke ». L’ajout du fer sur les zéolithes H-BEA (larges pores) et H-MFI (pores moyens) a montré un effet fortement bénéfique sur cette réaction en présence d’air avec une formation supposée d’espèces actives qui permettraient de réduire de manière importante la désactivation du catalyseur et tout en favorisant la formation directe de l’acide acrylique sur la fonction métallique. Les zéolithes MFI au fer préparées par substitution isomorphe sont les plus performantes avec un rendement maximum en acide acrylique de 40% obtenu sur H-Fe3.8-Z-45 (préparé par synthèse hydrothermale). La zéolithe Np-Fe0.6-MFI-41 (préparé par traitement post-synthèse en milieu fluorure) permet d’obtenir un rendement en acroléine de plus de 80% après 24h de réaction, reproductible après régénération. Ce catalyseur est non seulement très actif, sélectif en acroléine, stable mais aussi régénérable, ce qui le place parmi les meilleurs pour ce procédé. / Glycerol is recoverable by dehydration into acrolein, which is an important chemical intermediate and can be converted into a variety of value-added products including acrylic acid that is the basis of many polymers. This reaction is carried out over acid catalysts, such as protonic zeolites which provide significant initial yields in the gas phase (275-325° C) and at atmospheric pressure. However, the main drawback of these materials is the rapid deactivation over time because of the formation of carbonaceous deposits known as "coke". The addition of iron over H-BEA (large pore) and H-MFI (mean pore) zeolites showed a highly beneficial effect on this reaction in the presence of air with an assumed formation of active species that would reduce significantly catalyst deactivation while promoting the direct formation of the acrylic acid on the metal function. H-MFI iron zeolites prepared by isomorphous substitution are the most efficient with a maximum acrylic acid yield of 40% obtained over H-Fe3.8-Z-45 (prepared by hydrothermal synthesis). Np-Fe0.6-MFI-41 zeolite (prepared by post-synthesis treatment in a fluoride medium) gives an acrolein yield of 80% after 24 hours of reaction, reproducible after regeneration. This catalyst is not only very active, selective to acrolein and stable but also regenerable, which places it among the best for this process.

Pacientes submetidos a procedimento protéticos estão expostos a microorganismos patogênicos podendo ocorrer desenvolvimento de doenças e infecção cruzada entre pacientes e equipe odontológica.As próteses devem ser desinfetadas com substâncias que não provoquem alterações nas propriedades mecânicas e físicas principalmente em associação com a ingestão de bebidas com teor alcoólico ou baixo pH. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a rugosidade média superficial (Ra) e estabilidade de cor de resinas acrílicas(Lucitone 550, QC-20 e Vipi-Wave), empregadas na confecção de bases para próteses totais, removíveis, overdentures e próteses protocolos sobre implantes após imersão em desinfetantes químicos (hipoclorito de sódio 1% e ácido peracético 2%) por 30 e 60 minutos, e após desinfecção por 30minutos seguida de imersão em bebidas com e sem teor alcóolico (vinho, suco de uva, chá e aguardente). Foram confeccionados 60 corpos-de-prova de cada marca comercial de resina, sendo divididos em 2 grupos, referentes aos desinfetantes químicos. Após os procedimentos de acabamento e polimento dos corpos-de-prova, foram realizadas as mensurações iniciais (t=0) de rugosidade e cor, e a seguir dez corpos-de-prova de cada marca comercial de resina foram imersos em hipoclorito de sódio e dez em ácido peracético, durante 30 e 60 minutos, sendo realizadas as mensurações após cada período de imersão. Esses dados foram, posteriormente submetidos à análise estatística. Quarenta corpos-de-prova de cada tipo de resina foram imersos em hipoclorito de sódio e ácido peracético por 30min, a seguir foram realizadas as mensurações de rugosidade e cor, e a divisão em subgrupos referentes às bebidas. Os corpos-de-prova foram lavados com água destilada, secos com lenços de papel e imersos em vinho(n=5), suco de uva(n=5), chá (n=5) e aguardente (n=5) por 2 horas. Após as mensurações, os corpos-de-prova foram imersos em água destilada e mantidos por 24 horas, decorrido esse período foram realizadas as mensurações de rugosidade e cor. Os corpos-de-prova eram imersos diariamente nas bebidas por 2 horas e as mensurações subseqüentes de rugosidade e cor eram realizadas após 168hs (7dias), 336hs (14dias) e 504hs (21dias) de imersão nas mesmas bebidas.Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente pela Análise de Variância e testes complementares de Tukey e Scheffé. Foi evidenciado aumento da Ra após 30 minutos de imersão nos desinfetantes em todas as resinas, com QC-20 apresentando os maiores valores de Ra e Vipi-Wave os menores. Lucitone 550 apresentou maior Ra após imersão em vinho, suco de uva e aguardente e Vipi-Wave após imersão em chá. Após 60minutos de imersão nos desinfetantes todas as resinas apresentaram alteração de cor estatisticamente significante. Os corpos-de-prova imersos em vinho apresentaram os maiores valores de alteração de cor após 336hs (14dias), enquanto os imersos em suco de uva apresentaram alterações de cor leves após 168hs (7dias), 336hs (14dias) e 504hs (21dias), e os imersos em aguardente e chá não apresentaram alterações de cor clinicamente significantes. Conclui-se que desinfecção em hipoclorito de sódio 1% e ácido peracético alterou as propriedades de rugosidade média e cor das resinas avaliadas, e dentre as bebidas, vinho e suco de uva foram as que propiciaram maior alteração de cor. / Patients submitted to prosthetic procedures are exposed to pathogenic microorganisms, and the development of diseases and crossed infection may occur between patients and the dental team. Dentures must be disinfected with substances that do not cause changes in the mechanical and physical properties, particularly in association with the ingestion of beverages with alcohol concentration or low pH. This study evaluated the surface roughness (Ra) and color stability of acrylic resin colors (Lucitone 550, QC-20 and Vipi-Wave), used for fabricating bases for complete, removable dentures, overdentures and prosthetic protocol after immersion in chemical disinfectants (1% sodium hypochlorite and 2% peracetic acid) for 30 and 60 minutes, and after disinfection, followed by immersion in beverages (wine, grape juice, tea and brandy) for 30minutes. Sixty specimens were made of each commercial brand of resin composite, and divided into 2 groups according to the chemical disinfectants. After the test specimens had undergone the finishing and polishing procedures, the initial color and roughness measurements were taken (t=0), and after this, tem test specimens of each commercial brand of resin composite were immersed in sodium hypochlorite and ten in peracetic acid, for 30 and 60 sixty minutes, with measurements being taken after each immersion period. Afterwards, these data were submitted to statistical analysis. Forty test specimens of each type of resin were immersed in sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid for 30 min, after which roughness and color measurements were taken, and specimens were divided into subgroups according to the beverages. The specimens were washed with distilled water, dried with paper towels and immersed in wine (n=5), grape juice (n=5), tea (n=5) and brandy (n=5) for 2 hours. After being measured, the test specimens were immersed in distilled water and kept there for 24 hours. When this period elapsed, roughness and color were measured. The test specimens were immersed for 2 hours daily, and the subsequent roughness and color measurements were taken 168 hrs (7days), 336 hrs (14days) and 504 hrs (21days) after immersion in the same beverages. The data were statistically analyzed by the Analysis of Variance and Tukey and Scheffé complementary tests. There was evidence of an increase in Ra after 30 minutes immersion in the disinfectants in all the resins, with QC-20 presenting the highest Ra values, and Vipi-Wave the lowest. The Lucitone 550 resin presented the highest Ra after immersion in wine, grape juice and brandy, and Vipi-Wave after immersion in tea. After 60 minutes immersion in the disinfectants all the resins presented statistically significant color alteration. The test specimens immersed in wine presented the highest color alteration values after 14 days, while those immersed in grape juice presented slight color alterations after 168 hrs (7days), 336hrs (14days) and 504hs (21days), and those immersed in brandy and tea presented no clinically significant color alterations. It was concluded that disinfection in 1% sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid altered the properties of roughness and color of the evaluated resins, and among the beverages, wine and grape juice were those that produced the greatest color alteration.

Submitted by PPG Engenharia e Tecnologia de Materiais (engenharia.pg.materiais@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-04T14:42:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O FINAL - ANGELO ABEL.pdf: 2908441 bytes, checksum: 7b4f57513c25b05da3fbcc36003b7939 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-11T14:34:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O FINAL - ANGELO ABEL.pdf: 2908441 bytes, checksum: 7b4f57513c25b05da3fbcc36003b7939 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-11T14:46:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O FINAL - ANGELO ABEL.pdf: 2908441 bytes, checksum: 7b4f57513c25b05da3fbcc36003b7939 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / In this work, the sample-flame propagation indexes were simulated in laboratory, in detriment and in comparison to the generalized burning during the fires in internal environments. The respective chemical and physical properties of the paints, the emanated gases, were compared; evidencing its toxicities, toxicological thresholds and using the tests of horizontal burning and vertical burning. In the experimental part, the paint films were produced for later burning in a quartz chamber with the use of the electric furnace, from which the gases were collected, according to each thermal degradation orientation obtained by the TGA pallet, in order to analyze the toxicities in gas chromatography. In the results the different firing behaviors for each paint can be compared by virtue of its physico-chemical composition, together with its gas release rates in each temperature range. / Neste trabalho produziu-se a partir das tintas acr?licas ? base d??gua, os ?ndices de propaga??o de chama amostral e simulada em laborat?rio, em detrimento e em comparativo ? queima generalizada durante os inc?ndios em ambientes internos. Foram comparadas as respectivas propriedades qu?micas e f?sicas das tintas, dos gases emanados; evidenciando as suas toxicidades, limiares toxicol?gicos e empregando os testes de queima horizontal e queima vertical. Na parte experimental foram produzidos os filmes de tintas, para posterior queima em c?mara de quartzo com o uso do forno el?trico, onde a partir deste, coletou-se os gases, segundo cada orienta??o de degrada??o t?rmica obtida pala TGA, para ent?o serem analisadas as toxicidades em cromatografia gasosa. Nos resultados podem ser comparados os diferentes comportamentos de queima para cada tinta em virtude de sua composi??o f?sico-qu?mica, juntamente com suas taxas de libera??es de gases em cada faixa de temperatura.

A necessidade do aprimoramento das técnicas de confecção de próteses oculares que permitam satisfazer, com rapidez e excelência, a demanda de atendimento de pacientes portadores de perdas do bulbo ocular, levou ao desenvolvimento deste estudo comparativo no qual se avalia a porosidade superficial, absorção de água e liberação de monômero residual de resinas acrílicas. Foram estabelecidos quatro grupos de estudo, sendo cada grupo composto por 15 corpos de prova: Grupo 1 - resina acrílica termo polimerizável convencional / ciclo térmico convencional; Grupo 2 - resina acrílica termo polimerizável em microondas / ciclo microondas; Grupo 3 - resina acrílica termo polimerizável convencional / ciclo microondas; Grupo 4 - resina acrílica auto polimerizável com cadeia cruzada / auto polimerização. A avaliação da quantidade de monômero residual liberado foi realizada por meio de espectrofotometria, durante o período de 11 dias. A determinação da absorção de água baseou-se na diferença do peso apresentado pelos corpos de prova nas condições experimentais seco e após submersão em água deionizada por um período de 7 dias. A determinação da porosidade superficial foi calculada sob a forma de porcentagem por área de superfície analisada, empregando-se lupa estereoscópica para captação da imagem a ser processada pelo software ImageLab 2000®. Submetendo-se os dados à análise estatística ANOVA/TUKEY (p<=0,05) observou-se que a liberação de monômero residual foi significantemente maior no primeiro dia para o Grupo 1, semelhante durante todo o período para o Grupo 2, menor a partir do dia 8 para o Grupo 3 e decrescente até o dia 8 para o Grupo 4. A liberação de monômero residual foi semelhante para os Grupos 1 e 3, menor para o Grupo 2 e maior para o Grupo 4. A absorção de água foi semelhante para os quatro grupos de estudo. A maior porosidade ocorreu no Grupo 2, sendo os Grupos 1 e 3 semelhantes entre si. Concluiu-se que os ciclos térmicos de polimerização em água e em microondas não interferiram na liberação de monômero residual da resina acrílica termo polimerizável convencional. A liberação de monômero residual variou em função do tipo de resina acrílica. O tipo de resina acrílica e o ciclo de polimerização a que foram submetidas não interferiram na absorção de água. Os ciclos térmicos de polimerização em água e em microondas não interferiram na porosidade apresentada pela resina acrílica termo polimerizável convencional. A porosidade superficial variou em função do tipo de resina acrílica avaliada. / This comparative evaluation of porosity, water sorption and residual monomer presented by acrylic resins was conducted, looking for excellence and rapidity in the confection of eye prostheses. Four groups, comprising of 15 specimens each, were established and submitted to polymerization cycles: Group 1 - conventional heat polymerizing acrylic resin / conventional heat-polymerization cycle; Group 2 - microwave acrylic resin / microwave cycle; Group 3 - conventional heat polymerizing acrylic resin / microwave cycle; Group 4 - cross-linked auto-polymerizing acrylic resin / auto-polymerizing process. Residual monomer liberation was determined by spectrophotometry during 11 days period. Water sorption was calculated by weighting dried specimens and weighting after 7 days of submersion in deionized water. Superficial porosity was determined by percentage of area, in images processed by the software ImageLab 2000®. Subjecting data to ANOVA/TUKEY test (p<=0,05) it was observed that residual monomer liberation was higher in the first day for Group 1, similar during all the period for Group 2, lower after day 8 for Group 3 and decreasing until day 8 for Group 4. Residual monomer liberation was similar to Groups 1 and 3, lower for Group 2 and higher for Group 4. Water sorption was similar to all groups. Group 2 displayed more superficial porosity, and Group 1 and 3 were similar regarding this test. In conclusion, conventional polymerization and microwave processes did not interfere in residual monomer liberation of conventional acrylic resin. The residual monomer liberation varied according the type of acrylic resin. Microwave cycle provided similar or smaller residual monomer liberation. The type of acrylic resin and the polymerization cycle utilized did not modify water sorption. The conventional heat polymerizing cycle and microwave cycle did not interfere in superficial porosity of conventional heat polymerizing acrylic resin. The superficial porosity varied according to the acrylic resin.

Orientador: Marcelo Coelho Goiato / Coorientador: Daniela Micheline dos Santos / Banca: Simone Cecílio Hallak Regalo / Banca: Stefan Fiuza Carvalho Dekon / Resumo: As próteses oculares são responsáveis pela recuperação da estética e auto-estima do usuário. Assim, os materiais utilizados na confecção de prótese ocular devem possuir propriedades específicas para sua indicação e durabilidade. Desse modo, é importante avaliar o comportamento destes materiais quando influenciados por diversas soluções desinfetantes. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a microdureza, rugosidade superficial e alteração de cor de próteses oculares sobre a influência da desinfecção química e armazenagem. Foram confeccionadas 50 amostras simulando próteses oculares contendo duas resinas acrílicas (N1 e incolor), distribuídas em cinco grupos de acordo com o desinfetante utilizado: sabão neutro (I), opti-free (II), efferdent (III), hipoclorito a 1% (IV) e clorexidina a 4% (V). As amostras foram armazenadas por 120 dias, sendo desinfetadas durante este período. As leituras de microdureza, rugosidade e cor das amostras foram realizadas em um período inicial (B) e após 60 (T1) e 120 (T2) dias de armazenagem com desinfecção. A microdureza foi mensurada por meio de um microdurômetro, e a rugosidade determinada por um rugosímetro. A leitura de cor foi realizada por meio da espectrofotometria de reflexão, usando o sistema CIE L*a*b*. A alteração de cor (ΔE) foi calculada para os períodos entre T1 e B (T1B), e T2 e B (T2B). Pelos resultados obtidos a resina N1 para esclera apresentou menor microdureza estatisticamente significante, comparada a resina incolor (P<0,05). A maior alteração dos valores de microdureza e rugosidade foi obtida para os grupos IV e V. Ambos os períodos de desinfecção e armazenagem produziram alterações significativas (P<0,05) nas amostras com diminuição dos valores de... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Ocular prostheses are responsible to restore not only patient's aesthetic but also its self-esteem. The materials used to fabricate the ocular prostheses should present specific properties regarding its indication and durability. Therefore, it is important to investigate the physical behavior of such materials when subjected to different disinfectant solutions. This study evaluated the microhardness, surface roughness and color stability of ocular prostheses under the influence of different chemical disinfectant solutions and storage. A total of 50 samples simulating an ocular prosthesis containing two acrylic resins (N1 and colorless) were fabricated. They were divided into five groups as a function of disinfectant solution: neutral soap (I), opti-free (II), efferdent (III), 1% hypochlorite (IV) and 4% chlorhexidine (V). Samples were storage during 120 days, and they were disinfected throughout the period. Microhardness, roughness and color measurements were performed at baseline (B), after 60 (T1) and 120 (T2) days of storage with disinfection. The microharness and the roughness measurements were evaluated using a microdurometer and a roughness meter, respectively. Samples colors were measured with spectrophotometer using CIE L*a*b* system. Color differences (ΔE*) were calculated for periods between T1 and B (T1B), and T2 and B (T2B). The N1 acrylic resin exhibited statistically lower microhardness when compared to the colorless acrylic resin (P<0.05). The highest microhardness and roughness alterations were observed for groups IV and V. Both disinfection and storage periods statistically reduced the microhadness values and increased the roughness values of the samples (P<0.05). Color alteration was... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Janaina Habib Jorge / Resumo: A desinfecção química associada ao método mecânico tem sido recomendada para a higienização de próteses removíveis parciais ou totais. Levando-se em consideração as desvantagens dos agentes químicos de limpeza utilizados para a desinfecção ou redução do biofilme das próteses, como o manchamento, branqueamento e corrosão das partes metálicas, novos estudos são necessários. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as propriedades biológicas, físicas e mecânicas de uma resina acrílica para base de próteses após imersão em sabonetes líquidos desinfetantes, nas suas concentrações inibitórias minímas (CIM) para Candida albicans, após diferentes períodos de tempo. Primeiramente, a CIM de cada sabonete foi determinada. Amostras de resina acrílica (Vipi Wave®) foram confeccionadas e divididas em grupos para avaliação da capacidade de formação de biofilme (n=6), citotoxicidade (n=9), rugosidade (n=15), dureza (n=15) e alteração de cor (n=15), após imersão por 0, 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias, nas seguintes soluções: AD: imersão em água destilada a 37°C (grupo controle); SD: ciclos de imersão diária em sabonete Dettol®® a 0,39%, por 8 horas a temperatura ambiente, seguido de imersão em água destilada por 16 horas a 37°C, simulando a desinfecção noturna das próteses; SP: ciclos de imersão diária em sabonete Protex® a 3,12%, conforme descrito para o grupo anterior. SL: ciclos de imersão diária em sabonete Lifebuoy® a 0,78%, conforme descrito para o grupo SD. Além disso, a redução do biofilme de C... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Chemical disinfection associated with the mechanical method has been recommended for the cleaning of partial or full dentures. Taking into consideration the drawbacks of the cleaning chemicals used for disinfection or reduction of biofilm of prostheses, such as staining, bleaching and corrosion of metal parts, further studies are needed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological, physical and mechanical properties of an acrylic resin for denture base (Vipi Wave®) after immersion in liquid disinfectant soaps in their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for Candida albicans, after different periods of time. Samples of acrylic resin (Vipi Wave®) were made. Samples from acrylic resin (Vipi Wave®) were made and shared in groups for the assessment of the biofilm formation capacity (n=6), cytotoxicity (n=9), roughness (n=15), hardness (n=15) and color change (n=15) after immersion in the following solutions for 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days: AD: immersion in distilled water at 37 ° C (control group); SD: daily immersion cycles in soap Dettol® 0.39% for 8 hours at room temperature, followed by soaking in distilled water for 16 hours at 37 ° C, simulating the night disinfection of prostheses; SP: daily immersion cycles in soap Protex® to 3.12%, as described for the previous group. SL: daily immersion cycles in Lifebuoy® in soap to 0.78%, as described for the SD group. In soap Dettol® was found the MIC of 0.39% of the soap concentration; in Protex® 3.12% and in Lifebuoy® the MIC was 0.78%. In addition, capacity of reduction of the biofilm of Candida albicans formed on the surface of samples (n = 9) immersed for 8 hours (overnight) in the solutions was also evaluated. To know the biofilm-forming capacity, there were the forming unit count tests of colonies and alamarBlue® ...(Complete abstract electronic access below) / Mestre