Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:31:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Clovis Cerretto Pinto.pdf: 14501810 bytes, checksum: 56881bf9215daf8737f7a342181e5d69 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-26 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The challenge explored in this study is to address organizational change as flow. To do so,the Actor-Network Theory (ANT) was used, which is an approach querying traditional Sociology. This theory disregards the concept of society, instead viewing it as a collectif of human and non-human actors linked together in networks and endowed with agency. Its studies usually focus on technological topics, particularly those featuring IT systems and machines as non-human actors . However, other non-human aspects are also part of these collectifs and companies, such as corporate projects viewed as quasi-objects. One of the core concepts of the ANT is the translation of interests , in addition to urging the relevance of the controversy-based view for describing social dynamics. According to the ANT, the actors themselves have their own theories about events, with no need to explain them. Based on these remarks, the general purpose of the study was: to understand how non-human and human agency occurs and the agency of their association in non-technological change processes in a company in the light of the ANT. This study opted for process ontology through a post-structuralist approach. As a research strategy, it used a longitudinal case study conducted from April 2011 to July 2012 at Enterprise X, a pseudonym for a public utility service provider in São Paulo State, Brazil, where the Implementation of a Shared Services Center (SSC) was under way. During this process, the researcher had three identities that were ethically conflicting: manager of one of the administrative departments involved in the implementation of this Center; the project implementer and a researcher working towards a doctorate. The research project was approved by the company on these bases, grounded on ethical commitments to confidentiality. Participant observation was used to construct the data, together with focus groups, one-on-one interviews, audiovisual resources and documents, aiming a multivocal outcome, with data analysis through controversies cartography, supported by dynamic network software, actant diagrams, timelines and adapted mind maps. The description of the implementation of this SSC a translation of interests for cutting back on the administrative staff took place at three levels, on a larger to a smaller scale, over seventeen years at Company X. The controversies were mapped by topic, argument and the human / non-human actants involved, as well as the stances adopted,underscoring the non-human agency serving as mediators. Some controversies were closed, becoming black boxes, meaning fragile stabilizations that could be reopened at some future time. Others remained active, with the result that the SSC was not punctualized by the end of the research period. The main contributions of the study are related to understanding change as controversies constructed by network-actors that lead to organization when resolved (even partially), and the methodology used to address change as process.The study presents recommendations for subsequent research projects and for the business segment, with reflections and suggestions for understanding change in all its complexity, in addition to the episodic approach. / O presente estudo teve por desafio abordar a mudança organizacional enquanto fluxo. Para sua realização, lançou-se mão da teoria ator-rede (ANT), uma vertente contestatória da Sociologia tradicional. A ANT desconsidera o conceito de sociedade, abordando o social como coletivo de humanos e não-humanos em redes, dotados de agência. Seus estudos, usualmente, enfocam temas tecnológicos, nos quais se apresentam, de maneira mais evidente,máquinas e sistemas de TI como atores não-humanos . Entretanto, outros não-humanos fazem parte de tais coletivos e das empresas, como os projetos empresariais vistos como quase-objetos. Um dos conceitos centrais da ANT é a translação de interesses , além de defender a relevância do olhar por meio de controvérsias para descrever a dinâmica social.Para ela, os próprios atores têm suas teorias sobre os acontecimentos, não cabendo explicalos . A partir dessas considerações, o objetivo geral do estudo foi: compreender como ocorre a agência de não-humanos e humanos e a agência de sua associação em processos de mudança de foco não tecnológico em uma empresa à luz da ANT. O estudo adotou uma ontologia de processos numa abordagem pós-estruturalista. Como estratégia de pesquisa, empregou-se o estudo de caso longitudinal, realizado de Abril/2011 a Julho/2012, na Empresa X, nome fantasia de uma prestadora de serviços públicos do Estado de São Paulo, onde estava ocorrendo a Implementação de um Centro de Serviços Compartilhados (CSC) . Nesse processo, o pesquisador teve três identidades, que eram eticamente conflitantes, a saber: gerente de um dos departamentos administrativos envolvidos na implantação do CSC,implementador do projeto e pesquisador-doutorando. A pesquisa foi aprovada pela empresa nessas bases, a partir de compromissos éticos de sigilo. Utilizou-se para construção dos dados observação participante, grupos de foco, entrevistas individuais, documentos e recursos audiovisuais, visando à multivocalidade. Adotou-se a cartografia de controvérsias para análise dos dados, com apoio de softwares de redes dinâmicas, diagramas de actantes, de linha do tempo e mapas mentais adaptados. A descrição da implementação do CSC uma translação de interesses de redução do quadro de administrativos -, ocorreu em três escalas, de maior a menor amplitude, considerando dezessete anos da Empresa X. As controvérsias foram mapeadas segundo temas, argumentos, actantes humanos e não-humanos, que delas tomaram parte, bem como as posições assumidas, sublinhando-se a agência de não-humanos que atuaram enquanto mediadores. Algumas controvérsias foram encerradas, transformando-se em caixas-pretas, ou seja, estabilizações frágeis sujeitas a serem reabertas no futuro. Outras permaneceram ativas, fazendo com que o CSC não estivesse pontualizado até o final do período da pesquisa. As principais contribuições do estudo dizem respeito à compreensão da mudança enquanto controvérsias construídas por atores-rede, que ao se resolverem, mesmo parcialmente, levam ao organizing, e a metodologia empregada para abordar mudança enquanto processo. O estudo apresenta recomendações de novas pesquisas e para o meio empresarial, reflexões e sugestões para a compreensão da mudança em sua complexidade,para além da abordagem episódica.

Submitted by Carla Soares (carladanielle@hotmail.com) on 2012-08-25T21:58:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_CarlaSoares_Final_2012.pdf: 1649745 bytes, checksum: 1c7c43043cdf46a1df59713a55bcd3be (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2012-08-27T20:18:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_CarlaSoares_Final_2012.pdf: 1649745 bytes, checksum: 1c7c43043cdf46a1df59713a55bcd3be (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2012-08-28T14:45:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_CarlaSoares_Final_2012.pdf: 1649745 bytes, checksum: 1c7c43043cdf46a1df59713a55bcd3be (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-08-28T14:46:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_CarlaSoares_Final_2012.pdf: 1649745 bytes, checksum: 1c7c43043cdf46a1df59713a55bcd3be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-27 / A Lan House, surgida no Brasil como um meio de entretenimento para os jovens, se tornou, em um curto espaço de tempo, uma febre nas periferias das grandes cidades brasileiras. Essa disseminação se deu, principalmente, após o programa 'Computador para Todos' lançado pelo Governo Federal a título de política pública de inclusão digital. Assim, as Lan Houses se constituíram em uma oportunidade de acesso ao computador e à Internet para aqueles que não teriam ingresso à rede se não fosse a existência desse tipo de instituição comercial (CDI, 2010), sendo a segunda principal provedora de acesso público às TIC no país (CETIC, 2010). Diante desse cenário, este estudo se propõe a descrever a trajetória na implantação das Lan Houses no Brasil, sob a ótica da Teoria Ator-Rede, identificando os atores relevantes na formação de uma rede sociotécnica, por meio do método de estudo de caso único realizado no bairro Jardim Catarina, em São Gonçalo. O trabalho apresenta, ainda, o modelo heurístico de inclusão digital para avaliar se este tipo de estabelecimento apresenta fatores relevantes para fomentar a inclusão digital. O resultado desta análise revela que as Lan Houses não são um agente de inclusão digital, apesar de sua relevância para as regiões com menores índices de renda e, por conseguinte, restritas ao uso de computadores e Internet, como o bairro Jardim Catarina. / Lan House, which appeared in Brazil as a place of entertainment, became in a short time, an entrepreneurship fever in the outskirts of large cities. The Brazilian Lan House phenomenon is in part a side effect of a federal government programme called 'computers for all', as part of a political public of digital inclusion. Thus, Lan Houses have featured as key locations for access to the worldwide computer for thousands of Brazilians who had no access to the Internet until the Lan Houses came into existence. They represent the second leading provider of public access to ICT in the country (CETIC, 2010). Due to this, the objective of this study is to describe the trajectory of Lan Houses’implementation, by theoretical perspective of Actor-Network Theory, identifying the relevant actors of a sociotechnical network. In order to analyze this, a single case study explanatory methodology was adopted, based on a Lan House at Jardim Catarina, São Gonçalo ( Rio de Janeiro). The research also presents a heuristic model of digital inclusion to understand if this kind of establishment presents some main facets considered key success factors to promote digital inclusion. The result of this analysis points out that the Lan House is not a digital inclusion agent, despite its relevance to the regions with lower rates of income and, therefore, restricted to the use of computers and Internet, as the Jardim Catarina is.

Depuis plus de trente ans, l’intervention culturelle des villes n’a cessé de se développer et de se diffuser au travers du territoire national. Multiplication des structures, des projets, création régulière de délégations politiques adéquates ; la culture est un secteur qui a largement bénéficié du dynamisme impulsé par la décentralisation. Parallèlement, les modèles politiques locaux ont évolué avec la montée en puissance de « projets de territoires », englobant les différents secteurs, dont la culture, dans une politique globale. Si elle n’a pas eu de peine à trouver une place dans ces politiques, une idée aussi large et polymorphe que celle de « culture » a nécessairement vu ses contours évoluer. Dès lors plusieurs questions se posent. Quelle place les collectivités font-elles à l’héritage de la politique culturelle française « inventée » en 1959 ? Entre adhésion et opposition au modèle national, comment les politiques culturelles locales se construisent-elles ? Enfin, qu’est-ce qui « fait culture » pour des élus locaux le plus souvent éloignés des réseaux politiques ou des fédérations d’élus à la culture et qui ne peuvent compter que sur leur expérience et leur territoire pour s’approprier leur délégation ?C’est cette appropriation de la notion de culture que ce travail se propose d’explorer, au moyen d’outils issus du corpus de la sociologie des organisations. Le récit des élus à la culture sera mis en perspective avec celui des autres acteurs culturels, mais aussi du corpus de la sociologie de la culture en France, et plus largement de la notion de culture en sciences humaines. Cette confrontation aura pour objectif d’observer les processus « d’entrée en culture » par les élus locaux, la construction des convictions, des orientations politiques des objectifs et des résultats attendus, parfois éloignés des représentations les plus attendues mais nécessitant toute l’attention des acteurs culturels. Au fil des situations et à travers ces démarches, différentes facettes de la notion de culture apparaîtront, et permettront d’observer, à défaut d’une définition unique ce qui fonde la notion de culture dans les politiques locales françaises. / For more than thirty years, cultural involvement by cities has developed constantly and has spread across the nation. Facilities and projects have multiplied and appropriate political delegations have been created regularly: culture is a sector that has widely benefitted from the dynamism driven by decentralization.At the same time, local political models have developed with the rise in power of “territory projects”, encompassing difference sectors including culture within an overall political framework. Although it can scarcely be found within these policies, an idea as large and polymorphic as “culture” has naturally changed form.From that moment, many questions arise. What space do collectivities make for the heritage of the French cultural policy “invented” in 1959? Between adhering to and opposing the national model, how are local cultural policies constructed? Finally, what does culture “do” for local elected official, who are usually far removed from political networks and cultural federations of elected officials and who can only rely on their experience and their territory to appropriate their delegation? This appropriation of the notion of culture is what this work will explore, using tools of the sociological corpus of the organizations.The narrative of elected officials of culture will be put into perspective along with the narrative of other cultural stakeholders, but also in the sociological corpus of culture in France, and more widely, in the notion of culture to be found in human science.This confrontation will aim at observing the process of “entering into culture” by local elected officials, the construction of convictions, political alignment of objectives and expected results, which are sometimes far from the most expected representations but which require the full attention of cultural stakeholders. Through situations and through these procedures, different facets of the notion of culture will appear and will help us, for lack of a single definition, observe what the notion of culture initiates in French local politics.

The generation of domestic waste is at present less than 1 kg/day per person in Thailand, but generated amounts keeps steadily growing. This trend is closely connected to an increasing population and economic growth, something that is creating waste management issues. The Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) outside Bangkok has the potential of being a leader in sustainable development in the Southeast Asian region, however a substantial opportunity is being missed – best environmental practices are currently not prioritized. Only 4 % of the total waste generated on campus is recycled at AIT, 3 % is composted and 93 % is taken to the municipal waste disposal site. Fluorescent light bulbs and other hazardous household waste are disposed on the campus dumpsite. Some measures have been undertaken in order to improve the solid waste management (SWM) at AIT, e.g. a new waste collection facility has been built in the outskirts of campus, where more space is provided in order to facilitate waste separation. The field research for this study was carried out at AIT and the goal was to examine the SWM network, the problems and to analyse the recycling habits on campus. To investigate and visualize the actors involved in the SWM at AIT, the Actor-Network theory (ANT) was applied as an analytical framework. The generation of waste is the macro actor i.e. the reason for the existence of SWM. Other actors are the AIT students and staff (produce waste), the new Campus Environment and Development Committee – CEDC (the controlling part), environmental awareness (attitude towards recycling), and waste collectors. The results from the survey witness of that people have a positive but somewhat cautious attitude towards the sustainability of source separation. Separating waste at source is a key mechanism for solving the SWM problem but people are uncertain of how to separate each waste fraction. There is a strong need to designate a coordinator of the SWM at AIT and as long as there is a lack of leadership, a goal of environmentally sustainable practices cannot be reached. The new CEDC is currently not performing any actions towards an integrated SWM. / Idag produceras mindre än ett kilo hushållsavfall per dag och person i Thailand men mängden växer stadigt med ökad befolkning och bättre ekonomiska förutsättningar vilket leder till sophanteringsproblem. Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) i Thailand har  potential att vara en ledstjärna inom hållbar utveckling i Sydostasien men en stor möjlighet går om intet – den bästa miljömässiga tillämpningen i sophanteringsfrågan prioriteras inte. Endast 4 % av soporna återvinns på AIT, 3 % komposteras och 93 % hamnar på den kommunala soptippen. Lysrör och annat farligt hushållsavfall dumpas på universitetets soptipp. Vissa åtgärder har vidtagits för att förbättra sophanteringen på AIT, t.ex. har en ny sopanläggning byggts i utkanten av campus med ökad kapacitet för sopsortering. Fältarbetet för uppsatsen genomfördes på AIT och målet var att kartlägga sophanteringen, nätverket kring den, problemen runtom, samt att analysera återvinningsbeteendet på detta universitetscampus. För att gestalta och utreda aktörerna som är involverade i sophanteringen på AIT, använde jag Actor-Network theory som ett analytiskt verktyg. Själva produceringen av hushållssopor är makroaktören, dvs. skälet till sophanteringens existens. Andra aktörer är studenterna och de anställda på universitetet (skapar sopor), den nya kommittén för Miljö och Utveckling på campus (den kontrollerande delen), miljömedvetenhe (inställningen till återvinning) och sophämtarna. Resultaten från enkätunderökningen vittnar om att människorna har en positiv men försiktig inställning gentemot hållbarheten i källsortering. Källsortering är grunden för att lösa sophanteringsproblematiken men folk är osäkra på hur de ska sortera avfallet. Det finns ett stort behov av en avfallshandläggare för sophanteringen på AIT och så länge bristen på ledarskap kvarstår, kan inte målet om miljömässig hållbarhet nås. Den nya kommittén för Miljö och Utveckling på campus genomför för tillfället inga handlingar i riktning mot en integrerad sophantering.

Within the accepted historiography of photography, the importance of George Eastman and the Eastman Kodak Company (EKC) has become unassailable. They have been placed as the key, and often sole, agent in “revolutionizing” the amateur photography market in the late nineteenth century. While the photographic landscape and market of 1885-1914 was indeed radically altered, the historiographical dominance of what can be identified as the “Kodak story” has obscured the means through which EKC’s successful re-structuring of the existing manufacturing and distribution networks of photographic materials occurred. I argue that the changes effected by Eastman and the EKC began not with imaging desires, but with their acknowledgment, and profound understanding of the existing and competing interests within the photographic industry. This thesis focuses on the EKC’s re-structuring of the extant and evolving communities involved in the manufacturing and distribution of photographic materials in Canada between 1885-1910. Focusing particularly on the period immediately surrounding the establishment of the Canadian Kodak Co. Limited in 1899, I demonstrate the re-structuring processes at work, including: market and financial diversification; governmental lobbying; purchase and mergers; and other business and marketing-based strategies. I frame my theoretical positions and analysis of network re-structuring through the experiences of Ottawa professional photographer and photographic business owner William James Topley (active 1868-1907), and CKCoLtd manager John Garrison Palmer (active 1886-1921). Topley and Garrison’s professional experiences and interactions with expanded communities of photographic consumers and industry participants provide an opportunity for specific and detailed findings which challenge understandings of the evolution of the practice of photography during this transitional period. In doing so, I provide evidence of the primary role network re-structuring played in the EKC’s ability to shape the wider international photographic industry to their advantage in the early twentieth century.

This current study comes from the demand to think of a new working methodology in an innovative Middle School, reporting on interdisciplinary educational needs, focused on the use of networked technologies, driven by the distribution of mobile devices (tablets) for teachers in Middle School. To accomplish this proposal, there was a working methodology using mobile devices with high school students from the State School of Basic Education Dr. Paul Devanier Lauda, in Portuguese discipline in the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) Edmodo. It is aimed to instigate a placement of students as networked actors from the ownership of mobile devices, creating interactivity, connectivity and collaboration for the development of knowledge and other forms of subjectivity. In this sense, it developed audiovisual activities mediated by mobile technologies, producing knowledge to expand the time and space in the classroom; and researched is the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) Edmodo considering its potential and limits. The theoretical framework that supports this research is the actor-network theory of Bruno Latour. It is understood that humans and non-human actors are equally important in assemblages to knowledge productions, with different delegations, which hybridize changing subject. He adopted the methodology of Dispute Cartography, made by the same author, and the concept of rhizome, of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, in order to get analysis criteria to observe and describe the phenomena occurring over the assemblages encountered in practice pedagogical proposals. As a final product of this research, built up a working methodology, based on the actor-network theory, for the development of audiovisual educational proposals via appropriation of AVA Edmodo and mobile network devices as well as for the application of analysis criteria based in rhizomatic principles. / A presente pesquisa parte da demanda de se pensar em uma nova metodologia de trabalho no Ensino Médio Inovador que dê conta das necessidades pedagógicas interdisciplinares, voltada para o uso das tecnologias em rede, motivado pela distribuição de dispositivos móveis (tablets) para os professores do ensino médio. Para efetivar tal proposta, realizou-se uma metodologia de trabalho utilizando os dispositivos móveis com os alunos do ensino médio da Escola Estadual de Educação Básica Dr. Paulo Devanier Lauda, na disciplina de Língua Portuguesa no Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA) Edmodo. Pretende-se instigar um posicionamento dos alunos como atores em rede a partir da apropriação dos dispositivos móveis, gerando interatividade, conectividade e colaboração para o desenvolvimento do conhecimento e outros modos de subjetivação. Neste sentido, desenvolveu-se atividades audiovisuais mediadas por tecnologias móveis, produzindo conhecimento ao ampliar o tempo e espaço em sala de aula; e pesquisou-se o Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA) Edmodo, considerando suas potencialidades e limites. A fundamentação téorica que embasa essa pesquisa é a teoria ator-rede de Bruno Latour, pois entende-se que os atores humanos e não-humanos têm a mesma importância nos agenciamentos para produções de conhecimento, com delegações distintas, que formam híbridos modificando sujeitos. Adotou-se a metodologia da Cartografia de Controvérsias, constituída pelo mesmo autor, e o conceito de rizoma, de Gilles Deleuze e Felix Guattari, a fim de obter critérios de análise para observar e descrever os fenômenos que ocorrem ao longo dos agenciamentos surgidos nas práticas pedagógicas propostas. Como produto final dessa pesquisa, se propõe uma metodologia de trabalho, baseada na Teoria ator-rede, para o desenvolvimento de propostas pedagógicas audiovisuais via apropriação do AVA EDMODO e dos dispositivos móveis em rede, bem como para a aplicação de critérios de análise baseados em princípios rizomáticos.

What happened in the post-Soviet, European grain-belt after collective farms were dissolved and in what way can we say that collective farm legacies influence agrarian developments in this region today? These are the main questions of this thesis, which is a work of critical human geography, but is also inspired by theories, methods and approaches from the social sciences, broadly defined. Territorially, the focus is Ukraine, but several articles in this thesis take a wider geographic perspective beyond Ukraine, in particular taking into account the role of Nordic investors in the agrarian sector in Ukraine and Russia. The main aim of this thesis is to examine how farms of different sizes – from small peasant farms to super large corporate farms – develop and change in post-communist circumstances. Another purpose is to reinterpret Soviet agrarian history, in light of what happened after the collapse of communism, in order to incorporate the Soviet experience in a global historical narrative, and to better understand the legacy of collective farming today. These issues are explored in four papers and a comprehensive summary. The first article examines small-scale, household “peasant” agriculture in southern Ukraine and shows the conditions and factors, which have contributed to an impressive intensification of farming in certain villages. The second article investigates large-scale, Nordic investments in Ukrainian and Russian agriculture, with the aim of explaining why many (but not all) such investments have not succeeded to the degree that investors hoped. The third paper focuses on the legacy and afterlife of Soviet-era investments in large-scale irrigation in southern Ukraine, and uses the post-Soviet reincarnation of irrigation in this region to problematize traditional narratives on Soviet environmental management in a global context. The fourth paper, with a wider historical lens, explains the link between collective farms and today’s agroholding agriculture in much of the region, while also discussing the sustainability crisis in agriculture both in a Soviet and post-Soviet context, concluding with a description of a possible and ironic (but by no means inevitable) scenario whereby post-Soviet agriculture saves global capitalism.  Theoretically, this thesis is informed by agrarian political economy; related, contemporary debates on the financialization of agriculture; and critical human geography discussions on uneven development and the geographies of difference. This thesis also is inspired by Actor Network Theory, and the view that reality is constituted by hybrid subject-objects, which are instantiated through the agency of an assemblage or network of different actors, material things, discourses, institutions, etc... While such Actor Network approaches are certainly not new, their application to Soviet and post-Soviet change is relatively new. The source material, which is the basis for the empirical approach of this thesis, is eclectic, and produced via mixed methods from different locations. Analysis is based on interviews (75 interviews in southern Ukraine, in Kyiv, and in Stockholm, plus 28 visits to household farms in one study village in southern Ukraine); participant observation (carried out in the study village in southern Ukraine and in corporate shareholder meetings mostly in Stockholm); various texts, such as corporate documents and newspaper commentary; agricultural statistics; and satellite data.  Among other conclusions, this thesis argues that, given certain factors, small-scale, household agriculture can be viable, at the same time that the concentration and consolidation of agriculture into large-scale holdings is likely to continue, at least in the short term. This thesis also highlights similarities between Soviet and capitalist agriculture in a global historical context, which is one reason that the transformation from Soviet to capitalist agriculture could occur so fast in some areas. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.</p>

La GPEC se construit de plus en plus à l’échelle territoriale. Des acteurs institutionnels d’horizons divers et des entreprises de taille variable réfléchissent et travaillent ensemble pour mettre en place des actions qui répondent aux problématiques liées à l’emploi, à la formation, et aux compétences. Ces démarches se font tantôt à « chaud », tantôt à « froid » selon les circonstances, les territoires et les acteurs. L’extension de l’échelle de construction de la GPEC de l’entreprise au territoire peut se justifier par la prise en compte de plusieurs facteurs : internes ou externes aux entreprises, politiques, conjecturaux, socio-économiques, etc. Ainsi à travers des volontés convergentes, de multiples acteurs ambitionnent de lever les limites et insuffisances consubstantielles à la GPEC d’entreprise en recourant à une GPEC-Territoriale. Cette nouvelle approche de construction et d’analyse de la GPEC pose néanmoins des interrogations. Parmi celles-ci, nous avons réfléchi, à cinq questions : comment faire travailler ensemble les acteurs ? Quel diagnostic permet de fédérer les acteurs autour de la GPEC-Territoriale ? Comment se construit cette GPEC-Territoriale en termes de phasage ? Comment les acteurs se mettent-ils d’accord sur la construction et le contenu des actions de la GPEC-Territoriale ? Comment mobiliser les acteurs dans de telles démarches collectives ? Ces questions sont issues de la question principale de notre recherche : quel est le processus de construction d’une GPEC-Territoriale impliquant des acteurs institutionnels et des entreprises ? Nous avons abordé et discuté ces questions sur la base de données empiriques collectées dans deux cas : la GPEC-Territoriale dans la Communauté de communes du Cher à la Loire et la GPEC-Territoriale dans la filière Bois dans le département du Loir-et-Cher. Ces données sont collectées à partir d’observations, d’entretiens qualitatifs, d’études quantitatives et documentaires. Les théories de l’interaction, de la traduction, du choix rationnel et de la mobilisation nous ont servi de grille d’analyse. Au croisement de ces approches et de ces analyses, il en est ressorti que la GPEC-Territoriale se construit à partir de quelques nécessités : capacité du pilote à faire travailler ensemble plusieurs acteurs, établissement d’un diagnostic préalable et partagé se basant sur les problématiques et enjeux des entreprises et des territoires, mobilisation des acteurs à travers des incitations sélectives et l’analyse des catégories de priorités des acteurs. En outre, il est apparu que le contenu de la GPEC-Territoriale est continûment traduit et s’obtient sous un consensus relatif. Enfin et malgré l’aspect sui generis de chaque cas, une modélisation, en phases, de sa construction est possible. / Nowadays HRP is built increasingly on a territorial scale. Institutional actors from different backgrounds and varying size businesses work together to put in place actions that address issues related to employment, training, and skills. These approaches are sometimes in "hot", sometimes in "cold" depending on the circumstances, territories and stakeholders. The extension of the building of the HRP across a territory can be justified by taking into account several factors: internal or external to enterprises, policies, situational, socio-economic, etc. Thus through converging wills, multiple actors aspire to lift the limits and shortcomings related to HRP by using a HRP-Territorial. This new construction approach and analysis of HRP nevertheless raises several questions. Among the many questions we reflected about five of them: how do actors work together? What diagnosis allows to unite stakeholders around HRP-Territorial? How is this HRP-Territorial built in terms of phasing? How do actors agree on the construction and content of the actions of HRP-Territorial? How to mobilize actors in such collective approaches? These questions are taken from the main issue of our research: What is the process of building a HRP-Territorial involving institutional actors and businesses? We discussed and debated these issues on the basis of empirical data collected in two cases: HRP-Territorial in the Community of communes of Cher à la Loire and the HRP-Territorial in the timber Industry in Loir-et-Cher. Those data are collected by observation, qualitative interview, quantitative studies and documentaries. Theory of interaction, actor network theory, rational choice theory and mobilization theory served as our analytical framework. At the intersection of these approaches and these analyzes, it appears that the HRP-Territorial be built from a few necessities : the ability of the pilot to work together several actors, establishing a prior and shared diagnosis that rely on problem and challenges for companies and territory, mobilization of actors through selective incentives and analysis of priority categories of actors. Furthermore, it appears that the contents of the HRP-Territorial is continuously translated and obtained by relative consensus. Finally, and despite the particular case of each situation, a modeling phase of this construction is possible.

The rapid growth of universities in the Least Developing Countries (LDCs) is aimed at enhancing access to tertiary education, which has resulted in a sharp increase in the enrolment rate. However, the quantitative increase has been marred with a correspondingly continuous decline in the quality of education. This is attributed to a wide range of limiting factors mainly classified as institutional problems. Some of these problems include a shortage of resources, limited skills and incompetent human capital, lack of ICT infrastructure, and the ineffective use of existing ICT resources. These problems and others have adversely affected how national education and research network can improve research output and quality of education. In this study, a survey, in the form of an exploratory quantitative research design is used. A descriptive non-experimental quantitative approach was also chosen, and a questionnaire was administered to approximately one hundred and seventy-two (172) participants drawn from twenty-nine (29) Ethiopian Public Universities. The results of the analysis show that the study variables namely NREN service for education, EthERNet, electronic device and research output have a significant and positive impact on the Quality of Education (QE) to differing degrees. Also, the study variables such as NREN service for research, high-performance computing, and remote computing facilities indicated that they had a significant and positive impact on Research Output (RO) to differing degrees. The study explored the impact of EthERNet in improving the quality of education and research output by examining the existing network infrastructure and NREN services. The study employed the use of the Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to assess the existing network infrastructure and NREN services to determine that a reliable network can improve the quality of education and research output. Besides, Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used to identify the positive and negative factors that impact on the roles, relationships, and formation of quality of education and research output. Furthermore, a three-step design science approach was applied to propose and justify the theoretical framework, which is used as a base to develop a service portfolio and roadmap conceived to design the required NREN service for EthERNet. This research contributed to the body of knowledge by finding the missing link between the quality of education and research outputs. From a theoretical perspective, the research contributed a theoretical framework by developing the construct and their measures that can be used in assessing the adoption and usage of technology. Furthermore, the study contributes to the literature by demonstrating an analytical process which could be used as a guide for future NREN service requirement to improve the quality of education and research output with the existing findings being used as a reference point. / School of Computing / Ph. D. (Computer Science)

abstract: The purpose of this study is to explore how internationalization is formed and operationalized in the Intensive English Programs (IEPs) at three Michigan higher education institutions. Drawing from Latour’s (2005) actor-network theory, this study examined the human and non-human actors involved in constructions of internationalization, which was defined as relational processes (programs and policies) that define and deliver international, intercultural, or global elements into the purpose, function and delivery of postsecondary education (Altbach, 2007; Knight, 2003). As an entry point into the study, I focused on the director of the programs and their mission statements, a written articulation of beliefs, as suggested by Childress (2007; 2009). To explore these potential networks, I utilized Comparative Case Study (Bartlett and Vavrus, 2016), which allowed for more unbounded cases; Actor-Network Theory (Latour, 1999; Latour, 2005) which allowed for agency among non-human actors that also coexist, transform, translate or modify meaning; and relational network analysis methods (Herz et al. 2014; Heath et al. 2009; Clarke 2005), which helped to explore and make sense of complex relational data. This was in the effort to construct an understanding of the “processual, built activities, performed by the actants out of which they are composed” (Crawford, 2004, p. 1). I mapped actors within each site who were performing their local and contingent processes of internationalization. The results indicate the formation of complex and far reaching webs of actors and activities that accomplish a form of internationalization that is highly localized. While each program under investigation responded to similar pressures, such as funding shortfalls via student enrollment declines, the responses and networks that were created from these constraints were wildly different. Indeed, the study found these programs engaged in international activities that enrolled various external actors, from campus departments to local community groups. In engaging in relational connections that moved beyond their primary instructional purpose, English language instruction and cultural acclimatization, the IEPs in this study were able to 1) contribute to the internationalization of university departmental curricula, 2) serve their communities in dynamic and impactful ways and 3) develop their own sense of internationalization in a university setting. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Learning, Literacies and Technologies 2020