A síndrome de ardência bucal (SAB) é classicamente descrita como uma doença orofacial crônica, caracterizada pela presença do sintoma de ardência ou queimação na mucosa oral clinicamente normal. A SAB possui significativa predileção pelo gênero feminino e alta prevalência em indivíduos acima dos 40 anos de idade. Sua etiologia, embora desconhecida, é considerada multifatorial e, frequentemente, associada a fatores locais, sistêmicos, psicogênicos e neuropáticos. Diversos tratamentos são propostos para a SAB, porém considerados empíricos e ineficazes. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram investigar os fatores associados ao diagnóstico da SAB e a eficácia da acupuntura como modalidade terapêutica. Os dados de 95 pacientes diagnosticados com SAB no ambulatório da Disciplina de Estomatologia Clínica da FOUSP no período de Janeiro de 1993 a Fevereiro de 2005 foram avaliados retrospectivamente. Os critérios de inclusão e exclusão considerados no diagnóstico da SAB foram estabelecidos pela queixa de ardência bucal e ausência de sinais clínicos visíveis na mucosa oral. A relação entre os fatores prognósticos (classificação, localização, intensidade, natureza e escore EVA) e os fatores associados (xerostomia, hipossalivação, pH salivar, candidose bucal, prótese dentária removível, comorbidades, medicação sistêmica, ansiedade, depressão, estresse, cancerofobia, idade, gênero, etnia, e hábitos), foi analisada estatisticamente através do teste exato de Fisher, Regressão de Poisson univariada e multivariada e o teste de Mann-Whitney. Para a análise da resposta terapêutica da acupuntura foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon para verificar diferenças entre a sintomatologia avaliada através de EVA (0-100), intensidade (suave-moderada-grave) e frequência (intermitente-contínua), antes e depois do tratamento acupuntura. O nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05) foi considerado. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram significativa predileção da SAB pelo gênero feminino, presente em 87 (91,58%) mulheres, especialmente de etnia Caucasiana. A média de idade foi de 59,76 anos (32-86 anos), sendo mais prevalente na faixa etária entre 50 e 70 anos. Os Tipos 1 e 2 de SAB foram os mais prevalentes, e a língua foi o local mais afetado, referido por 79 (83,16%) pacientes. A média de duração dos sintomas foi de 3 anos (2 meses a 20 anos). O escore médio mensurado por EVA foi de 80,63 (30-100), sendo mais prevalentes os sintomas de intensidade grave e contínua. Os fatores mais frequentes foram: uso de medicações sistêmicas, constatado em 75 (78,95%) pacientes, comorbidades, em 73 (76,84%), e xerostomia, em 33 (34,74%) indivíduos. Dentre as inúmeras análises realizadas, não foi evidenciada qualquer correlação estatisticamente significativa (p>0,05) entre os fatores estudados e a SAB. Quanto à resposta terapêutica da acupuntura, evidências quanto à sua eficácia no tratamento da SAB foram constatadas pela diminuição estatisticamente significante no escore EVA (p<0,01), assim como verificado para a intensidade, que variou de grave a ausente (p<0,01), e para a frequência dos sintomas, variando de contínua a ausente ou intermitente (p<0,01), no período estudado. De acordo com os resultados obtidos no presente estudo, concluímos que fatores frequentemente associados à SAB não evidenciaram correlações significativas com esta síndrome em nossa casuística e que a acupuntura se mostrou eficaz na melhora da sintomatologia de ardência bucal referida pelos pacientes. / Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is classically described as a chronic orofacial disease, characterized by burning mouth symptom in oral mucosa clinically normal. The BMS has a significant predilection for female gender and high prevalence in adults over 40 years old. Its etiology, although unknown, is considered multifactorial and often associated to local, systemic, psychogenic and neuropathic factors. Several treatments are proposed for BMS, although considered empirical and ineffective. The aims of this study were to investigate clinical factors associated with diagnosis of BMS and to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture as a therapeutic modality. Data from 95 patients diagnosed with BMS the outpatient clinic of the Department of Stomatology, FOUSP, between January, 1993 and February, 2005 were assessed retrospectively. The inclusion and exclusion criteria considered in the diagnosis of BMS were established by complaints of burning mouth and no clinical signs visible in the oral mucosa. The correlation between prognostic factors (classification, location, intensity, nature and VAS score) and the associated factors (xerostomia, hyposalivation, salivary pH, oral candidiasis, removable dental prosthesis, comorbidities, systemic medication, anxiety, depression, stress, cancerophobia, age, gender, ethnicity, and habits), was statistically evaluated by means of Fisher exact test, Poisson regression univariate and multivariate analysis and the Mann-Whitney test. To investigate the therapeutic response of acupuncture, the Wilcoxon test was used to identify differences between symptoms assessed by VAS (0-100), intensity (mild-moderate-severe) and frequency (continuous-intermittent) before and after acupuncture treatment. The significance level of 5% (p<0.05) was considered. The results showed a significant preference of BMS in gender female, present in 87 (91.58%) women, especially Caucasian ethnicity. The mean age was 59.76 years (32-86 years), most prevalent between the ages of 50 and 70 years. Types 1 and 2 of BMS were the most prevalent, and the tongue was the most affected site, reported by 79 (83.16%) patients. The mean duration of symptoms was 3 years, ranging from 2 months to 20 years. Regarding symptom intensity, the mean score measured by VAS was 80.63 (30-100), and the most frequent symptoms were severe and continuous. Among of considered factors, the most frequent were: use of systemic medications found in 75 (78.95%) patients, comorbidities conditions, in 73 (76.84%), and xerostomia, in 33 (34.74%) subjects. Among the numerous analysis carried out, no statistically significant correlation was evidenced (p>0.05) between all the considered factors and BMS. Regarding the therapeutic response of acupuncture, considerable evidences concerning its efficacy in the treatment of BMS were observed by a statistically significant decrease in VAS score (p<0.01), as observed for the intensity, which ranged from severe to absent (p<0.01), and the frequency of symptoms, ranging from continuous to intermittent or absent (p<0.01) during the study period. According to the results obtained in this study, we conclude that factors often associated with BMS did not show statistically significant correlations with this syndrome in our series, and that acupuncture was effective in reducing the symptoms intensity of burning mouth referred by patients.

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar o serviço realizado pelo Ambulatório de Acupuntura, da Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo, na cidade de São Paulo, disponibilizado aos seus funcionários como parte do programa Qualivida, realizado no período de 2001 a 2008. Busca contribuir para uma reflexão sobre este tipo de modelo de atenção e assistência à saúde visando sua viabilidade em organizações laborais complexas de médio e grande porte. Método utilizado na pesquisa: Trata-se de um estudo de caso realizado no Ambulatório de Acupuntura da Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento do Estado de São Paulo (SAA), no período de 2001 a 2008. População do estudo composta por funcionários da SAA, familiares de funcionários da SAA e comunidade. Instrumentos para coleta dos dados: prontuários dos pacientes e questionário para avaliar condições de saúde. Análise: EPIDATA, versão 3.0, e o banco de dados constituído e transportado para o STATA, versão 11.0, para a análise. Após a verificação de consistência dos dados, foram realizadas análises descritivas com os resultados sendo apresentados na forma de tabelas e gráficos. Para identificação de possíveis associações entre as variáveis categóricas foi usado o teste de Chi-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher, quando apropriado. Resultados e discussão: A permanência ao tratamento pelos pacientes, no período realizado da pesquisa, foi de 100 por cento, demonstrando alto grau de adesão às sessões programadas pela equipe médica. Podemos considerar alguns aspectos relacionados aos resultados positivos encontrados: importância de sua realização no próprio local de trabalho considerando comodidade, acesso e facilidade de locomoção dos pacientes na intervenção terapêutica, além de ter se revelado um método eficaz e de baixo custo em sua implantação e manutenção para a instituição. Concluímos com esta pesquisa que existe viabilidade do uso da acupuntura como tratamento terapêutico na assistência de saúde de atenção em nível primário, complementares aos equipamentos de saúde de atenção básica convencionais, através de ambulatórios de acupuntura, voltadas à saúde do trabalhador como política de saúde pública / This research aims to analyze the work realized by the Acupuncture Ambulatory of São Paulo Agriculture and Supply Secretary in the São Paulo city, concerning to their works as part of the Qualivida Program realized between 2001 and 2010. It contributes to think about one kind of pattern to provide viable health assistance in large or medium complex work organizations. Methods: This is a case study mode in the acupuncture ambulatory of São Paulo Agriculture and Supply Secretary (SAA) between 2001 and 2008. The works of SAA, SAA familys works and part of the community composed the population of the study. The instruments for data collection were: patients profile and a questionnaire to determine the health conditions. Analysis: EPIDATA, version 3.0 and data basis was written in the STATA, version 11.0 to analyze. After data verification, it was mode descriptive analysis as the results being explained graphically. In order to identify possible association between the data items, the Chi-square test or the Fisher exact was used when appropriate. Results and Discussion: The constancy of treatment by the patients in the research period was 100 per cent showing a high grade of sections adhesion programmed by the medical team. We can consider some positive aspects related to the found results: importance of acupuncture sections being performed in the work self place, considering commodity, access and locomotion facility of the patients concerning the therapeutically intervention. By the way it was revealed as an efficient and low cost method to introduce and establish for the institution. We conclude that there is viability in the use of acupuncture as a therapeuthical treatment in the first level of medical assistance in addition to the basical medical health equipments as usual, providing that the acupuncture ambulatory concerning the works health can be viewed as a public health policy

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-04-07T17:22:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Carolina Elisabetta Martins Maccariello.pdf: 1658920 bytes, checksum: 73dc71d6017888854e4d3036c14a6ad8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-07T17:22:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Carolina Elisabetta Martins Maccariello.pdf: 1658920 bytes, checksum: 73dc71d6017888854e4d3036c14a6ad8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-31 / CNPq / The study of autonomic and behavioral responses in dogs subjected to a stress model is crucial at the present time, since animals and humans are constantly subjected to stress in their daily lives. Several stimuli can generate stress in dogs, as areas with crowed of people or animals and sounds of fireworks and thunder. The continuous and repeated exposure to these situations can affect the welfare and health of dogs. The Acupuncture is one of the therapies of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that targets the prevention and treatment of behavioral and physiological disorders induced by stress, however there are few studies about its efficacy and its mechanisms of action. The present study aimed to evaluate the sympathetic-vagal balance through the analysis of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and 14 behavioral parameters in response to an acute sound stress in healthy dogs treated with acupuncture. Therefore, we used 24 beagle dogs divided into three groups of 8 animals each: one control group received no treatment (CTL), the second control group received acupuncture treatment at points not corresponding to those used in TCM (NP) and the third group received acupuncture at acupoints VG20, Yintang, PC6, C7 and E36 (ACUP). The treatments lasted 20 minutes and then the animals were subjected to an acute stress model consisting of a sound stimulus (thunders) with intensity of 103-104 dB and duration of 2.5 minutes. The results of HRV analysis showed that during the stress stimulus, acupuncture significantly reduced the LF/HF ratio and the heart rate (HR) compared to NP and CTL. The NP group also had significantly lower LF/HF ratio compared to the CTL during the stress, showing intermediate values between the CTL and ACUP groups. In the behavioral analysis, when compared to CTL group, ACUP showed significantly lower behavioral scores of panting, restlessness, hiding, bolt, startle and escape of the room; and when compared to the NP, ACUP reduced the behavioral scores of hiding, bolt, startle and escape of the room. In addition to reducing significantly the parameters of panting and bolt when compared to the CTL group, the NP group produced intermediate scores between CTL and ACUP groups. The analysis of these data shows that acupuncture treatment promoted reduction of sympatho-vagal balance probably through a sympathetic inhibition associated to parasympathetic stimulation, as well as producing a reduction of behavioral responses of fight and flight characteristics of stress. / O estudo das respostas auton?micas e comportamentais em c?es submetidos a um modelo de estresse se mostra de grande import?ncia na atualidade, uma vez que animais e humanos s?o constantemente submetidos a situa??es de estresse no seu cotidiano. V?rios est?mulos podem ser considerados geradores de estresse como ?reas em que h? aglomera??o de pessoas ou de animais e sons de fogos de artif?cio e de trov?es. A exposi??o continuada e repetida a tais est?mulos pode afetar o bem-estar e a sa?de dos c?es. A acupuntura ? uma das terapias da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa (MTC) que visa o tratamento e a preven??o de dist?rbios fisiol?gicos e comportamentais induzidos pelo estresse, por?m h? poucos estudos na literatura sobre a sua efic?cia e aos seus mecanismos de a??o. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o balan?o simpato-vagal, atrav?s da an?lise da Variabilidade da Frequ?ncia Card?aca (VFC) e 14 par?metros comportamentais em resposta ao estresse sonoro agudo em c?es saud?veis tratados com acupuntura. Desta forma, foram utilizados 24 c?es da ra?a Beagle divididos em tr?s grupos de 8 animais cada: o primeiro grupo controle n?o recebeu tratamento (CTL), o segundo grupo controle recebeu tratamento por acupuntura em pontos n?o correspondentes aos utilizados na MTC (NP) e o terceiro recebeu acupuntura nos pontos VG20, Yintang, Pc6, C7 e E36 (ACUP). Os tratamentos tiveram dura??o de 20 minutos e em seguida os animais foram submetidos a um modelo de estresse agudo que consistiu de est?mulo sonoro (som de trov?o) com intensidade de 103-104 dB e dura??o de 2,5 minutos. Os resultados da an?lise da VFC demonstraram que durante o est?mulo sonoro a acupuntura significativamente reduziu a raz?o LF/HF e FC m?dia em rela??o aos grupos NP e CTL. O grupo NP tamb?m apresentou valores significativamente menores da raz?o LF/HF em rela??o ao CTL no momento do estresse, apresentando valores intermedi?rios entre os grupos CTL e ACUP. Na an?lise comportamental, a ACUP quando comparado ao grupo CTL apresentou escores comportamentais significativamente menores de arfar, se esconder, inquieta??o, disparada, fugir da sala e sobressalto; e quando comparado ao grupo NP, a ACUP reduziu os escores comportamentais de se esconder, disparada, sobressalto e fugir da sala. Al?m de reduzir significativamente os par?metros de arfar e disparada em rela??o ao CTL, o grupo NP produziu escores intermedi?rios entre CTL e ACUP. A an?lise destes dados demonstra que o tratamento com acupuntura promoveu redu??o do balan?o simpato-vagal provavelmente atrav?s de uma inibi??o simp?tica associada ? estimula??o parassimp?tica, al?m de produzir redu??o das respostas comportamentais de luta e fuga caracter?sticas de estresse.

Background: Pain associated with the spine (PAWS) refers to pain in the neck, thorax, lower back or sacrum. It impacts on patients' Quality of Life (QoL), including working ability, daily functioning, sleep and psychological well-being. A number of clinical trials have demonstrated that acupuncture was beneficial for patients with PAWS. However the overall effect of acupuncture on these patients' QoL is unknown. Aims: The current study aimed to conduct a systematic review (SR) of clinical trials to determine the effect of acupuncture on QoL and pain for patients with PAWS. In addition, a narrative review (NR) was conducted to compare patients' perceived changes (PCC) with the standard QoL instruments used in acupuncture clinical trials for pain. Methods: For the SR, PubMed, Embase (via ScienceDirect), CINAHL (Via EBSCO) and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for PAWS condition(s) that include both QoL and pain assessments with a Jadad score of three or greater were included. For the NR, PubMed was searched to identify studies reporting PPC after acupuncture and/or traditional Chinese medicine. Extracted data were grouped and compared with domains of the QoL instruments. Results: In total, 21 RCTs were included and 17 of them had sufficient data for analysis. QoL was measured using 15 different instruments. Randomisation procedures and dropouts were adequately reported in all 17 studies. Four studies compared acupuncture with wait-list or usual-care. Two demonstrated that acupuncture had a superior effect on improving physical and mental components of QoL measured by Short Form-36 health survey questionnaire and pain at the three month follow-up. Studies comparing acupuncture with sham/placebo acupuncture or placebo-TENS found either no difference between the treatments or conflicting results. When acupuncture was compared with active interventions, there was no difference except that at the intermediate-term follow-up massage was better for disability and pain and physiotherapy was better for Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire. Acupuncture was also better than TENS for pain. The combined therapy of acupuncture and an active intervention showed a superior result than the latter alone in the short-term. Six studies were identified for the NR. Patients reported 11 categories of changes after acupuncture, such as reduced reliance on other therapies, enhanced spirituality, prevention of disease. However, these clinical outcomes were not included in any of the QoL instruments used in the included RCTs. Conclusion: There is moderate to strong evidence that acupuncture is more effective than wait-list or usual-care at the short-term follow-up in improving QoL of patients with PAWS. When acupuncture is combined with another therapy, the combined therapy seems to produce a better outcome. Acupuncture is not better than sham/placebo acupuncture or placebo-TENS. Surprisingly, the commonly used QoL instruments do not measure all the changes perceived by patients as a result of acupuncture and/or traditional Chinese medicine. There is a pressing need to design QoL assessments that are suitable for acupuncture research. Further studies should have larger sample sizes and additional validated outcome assessments are required to detect effects of acupuncture.

Four interrelated studies on drug users in prison are presented within the framework of a proposed model for approaching the enhancement of health for persons that builds on an existential view of prisoners’ needs, as well as the risk management and “good lives” perspectives. Risk management is the major focus in current offender rehabilitation based on research on “what works,” which has shown that focusing treatment on risk factors termed “criminogenic needs,” such as impulsivity, poor family relations and drug abuse, reduces recidivism by 10-15 percentage points. The “good lives” perspective proposes that offender rehabilitation should go beyond risk management and also address non-criminogenic needs such as autonomy, relatedness and competence as foundations for building personally meaningful lives. Study I explores the assessment of drug use problems, and describes the psychometric evaluation of the Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT), a newly developed 11-item test for quick screening of drug-related problems. Studies II-IV explore treatment for offenders in prison identified as drug users. Study II is a randomized controlled trial of two auricular acupuncture treatments for men and women in prison, inconclusive with regard to point specificity but showing that participants in both groups reported reduced symptoms of discomfort and improved night-time sleep. Study III evaluates the Reasoning &amp; Rehabilitation program, an internationally widespread cognitive-behavioral program for groups of offenders. Results showed significant pro-social short-term changes in sense of coherence, impulsivity and attitudes towards the criminal justice system, as well as a 25% lower risk of reconviction among program completers compared to matched controls. However, the quasi-experimental nature of the study precludes any certainty regarding program effects; a selection bias whereby more motivated program participants are recruited could explain the findings. Study IV is a pilot project exploring the special needs of a subgroup of drug-using inmates with psychiatric and/or violent co-morbidity. Inmates housed in psychiatric prison units were offered long-term auricular acupuncture treatment. Half of the 22 inmates in the study received treatment twice a week for over eight weeks, and those treated over 25 times had lower psychopharmacological medication levels than untreated controls. Studies I-IV address individual facets of a proposed model for enhancing health among drug users in prison. The health enhancement model approaches offender rehabilitation from perspectives of existential psychology, good lives and risk management. Specific definitions of physical, social, psychological/personal and spiritual needs indicate a framework according to which prison treatment can help drug-using offenders find ways to secure healthy need satisfaction.

Symptoms after surgery and anaesthesia influence the patient´s ability to resume daily activities. If postoperative symptoms are controlled rehabilitation may be accelerated. The aims of this dissertation were to identify disturbing symptoms reported by patients after gynaecological surgery, to investigate what effect prohylactic treatment with antiemetics has on these symptoms and whether or not sensory simulation of the P6-acupressure has an effect on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and motion sickness. Methods: Total 1138 women participated in three clinical trials (Studies I, II, III) and one experimental study (Study IV). A questionnaire investigating postoperative symptoms was constructed and validated. The questionnaire was used in a prospective, consecutive, doubleblind, randomised, multicentre, and controlled study to identify incidence, and intensity of postoperative symptoms and the effect of common antiemetics (droperidol and granisetron) (Study III). The patients were followed for 24 h. In two studies (I, II) P6-acupressure was compared (prospective, double-blind, ransomised, controlled) with placebo acupressure and a reference group where the effect on PONV was followed over 24 h. The effect of P6-acupressure and placebo acupressure on motion sickness induced by a nauseogenic motion challenge was studied (Study III). Results: A high incidence and severity of postoperative symptoms were found after gynaecological surgery in a group with a high risk (&gt;30%) for PONV. Sixty-four per cent (107/165) of the patients experienced disturbing symptoms after surgery and 46 % (76/165) scored their symptoms as moderate to very severe. Fourty-eight per cent (79/165) had two or more symptoms. A higher incidence of symptoms were reported in the groups with prophylactic treatment, granisetron 74% (123/165) and droperidol 80% (133/165) compared to the control group 41% (69/165) (P &lt;0.05). The relative risk reduction for PONV with granisetron or droperidol prophylaxis is 27% respective 22%. The relative risk increase for headache is 63% after granisetron, and 44% for difficulty with accommodation after droperidol. Less PONV was seen after P6-acupressure, 33% (44/135) compared to reference group 46% (63/136) (p = 0.019), number needed to treat (NNT) was 7 [95% confidence interval (CI) 4- 6]. When comparing laparoscopic and vaginal surgery (subgroup analysis) the main effect was in the vaginal group (day-case surgery), 36% (27/75) in the reference group to 27% (23/86) in the placebo group and to 20% (17/84) in the P6-acupressure group, (P = 0.017), NNT for the vaginal group was 6 [95% CI 3-18]. P6-acupressure increased time to nausea after a laboratory motion challenge and reduced the total number of symptoms reported (p &lt;0.009). Conclusions: There is no clinical efficacy in the form of reduced postoperative symptoms after prophylactic antiemetics (droperidol and granisetron) in females with a high risk (&gt;30%) for PONV undergoing gynaecological surgery. P6-acupressure reduces the incidence of PONV after gynaecological surgery in females with a high (&gt;30%) risk for PONV. The effect seems to be most prominent after vaginal surgery. P6-acupressure increased tolerance to experimental nausogenic stimuli and reduced the total number of symptoms reported in females with a history of motion sickness. / On the day of the public defence the status of article IV was: Submitted.

Sowohl in der Human- als auch in der Veterinärmedizin existieren mittlerweile zahlreiche Therapieverfahren, die immer öfter komplementär zur Schulmedizin eingesetzt werden. Zu den in der Tiermedizin besonders häufig angewandten Verfahren zählen die Neuraltherapie und die Akupunktur. Aber auch die Transkutane Elektrische Nerven Stimulation (TENS) und die Stimulation myofaszialer Triggerpunkte werden zu den segmentalen Therapiemethoden gerechnet. Die Linderung chronischer Schmerzzustände steht beim Einsatz dieser Verfahren im Vordergrund. Muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen der Lendenwirbelsäule und Lendenregion sowie der Gliedmaßen stellen beim Hund eine häufige Indikation für den Einsatz eines neuraltherapeutischen Verfahrens dar. In diesem Zusammenhang wird die Regio lumbalis des Hundes sehr häufig für eine Therapie herangezogen. Die Wirkung einer neuraltherapeutischen Behandlung wird in diesem Bereich segmental über die Spinalnerven vermittelt. Ziel der vorliegenden Dissertation war es, die Regio lumbalis des Hundes insbesondere im Hinblick auf das Innervationsmuster der Hautnerven detailliert darzustellen. Die erhobenen Befunde sollten einen Beitrag zum besseren Verständnis der Wirkmechanismen der verschiedenen Therapietechniken leisten. Außerdem sollte nach einem möglichen morphologischen Korrelat zu den in der TCM definierten Akupunkturpunkten gesucht werden. Zu diesem Zweck wurden der Verlauf und die Verzweigung der Nerven des Lendenbereiches von n=12 formalinfixierten Hunden beginnend von der dorsalen Medianlinie dargestellt. Eine fotografische Dokumentation fand in drei Schichten statt: im Bereich der Fascia thoracolumbalis (a), auf Niveau der langen Rückenmuskulatur (b) und über den Procc. transversi (c). Des Weiteren wurde bei n=2 Tieren eine Präparation des subkutanen Innervationsmusters vorgenommen. Um die präparatorischen Ergebnisse interindividuell vergleichen zu können, wurden sog. Kaudalverschiebungsindizes entwickelt und für die einzelnen Spinalnerven berechnet. Spinalnerven, welche die Haut der Regio lumbalis innervierten, stammten aus den Rückenmarkssegmenten Th12 bis L5. Nervi cutanei der Dorsaläste besaßen alle Hunde, bei n=7 Tieren beteiligten sich auch Hautäste von Rr. ventrales aus den Segmenten L3 bis L5 an der Innervation des dorsalen Lendenbereiches. Die Anzahl der Hautnervenäste variierte individuell zwischen drei und sieben, wobei die Nerven bei den Tieren mit einer geringeren Anzahl aus den weiter kranial gelegenen Segmenten stammten. Der Verlauf, die Verzweigung sowie der Perforation der Nervi cutanei durch die Fascia thoracolumbalis zeigten eine sehr hohe individuelle Variabilität. Im Bereich der langen Rückenmuskulatur wurde dagegen ein vergleichbares und segmental regelmäßiges Innervationsmuster angetroffen. Bei der Präparation der subkutanen Nervenverläufe fiel ein sehr irreguläres und segmental nicht nachvollziehbares Muster auf. Bei allen untersuchten Hunden zeigten die Dorsaläste der Spinalnerven eine Kaudalverschiebung um mindestens eine Wirbelkörperlänge. Die in der vorliegenden Arbeit eingeführten Kaudalverschiebungsindizes ermöglichen einen interindividuellen Vergleich des Verlaufes der Spinalnerven der Regio lumbalis. Durch die errechneten Indizes ist eine graphische Darstellung und aussagekräftige Interpretation der morphologischen Ergebnisse gegeben. Die zum Teil hohe interindividuelle Variation im Innervationsmuster der Hautnerven des Lendenbereiches in den oberflächlichen Körperschichten lässt den Schluss zu, dass die Hautareale des Lendenbereiches nicht bei jedem Tier von demselben Spinalnerven innerviert werden. Das bedeutet, dass die Dermatome bei verschiedenen Individuen nicht identisch sind. Des Weiteren schließt die unterschiedliche Lokalisation der Nerven und ihrer Durchtrittstellen durch die Fascia thoracolumbalis ein morphologisches Korrelat zu den in der TCM festgelegten Akupunkturpunkten aus. Die bei allen Hunden regelmäßige Anordnung der Spinalnerven auf Niveau der langen Rückenmuskulatur deutet vielmehr darauf hin, dass ein in der Körperperipherie gesetzter Reiz unabhängig von einer genauen Punktlokalisation einen segmental in das Rückenmark vermittelten Effekt bei einer neuraltherapeutischen Behandlung zur Folge hat. Für eine erfolgreiche Therapie sind daher die profunde Kenntnis der Segmentanatomie sowie der neuroanatomischen Verschaltungswege unbedingt erforderlich. In Zukunft sollte mehr Augenmerk auf individuelle Unterschiede im Innervationsmuster gelegt werden, da diese einen möglichen Grund für die individuell variable oder auch ausbleibende Wirkung bei einer neuraltherapeutischen Behandlung darstellen können.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Orientador: Stelio Pacca Loureiro Luna / Banca: Celso Antonio Rodrigues / Banca: Jean Guilherme Fernandes Joaquim / Banca: Claudio Lopes Correia da Silva / Banca: Pedro Vicente Michelotto Junior / Resumo: Objetivou-se avaliar a reatividade de pontos de acupuntura por pressoalgímetro e a relação da atividade física com lesões ortopédicas em cavalos. Avaliaram-se 116 cavalos de adestramento, corrida, polo, reprodução-repouso, salto, trabalho e western com claudicação e confirmação do diagnóstico por imagem quanto à reatividade dos pontos de acupuntura, atribuindo graus de 0 quando a resposta era normal ou ausente, I, pequena, II, moderada e III, intensa, com resposta evasiva, mordedura ou coice, no qual apenas II e III foram correlacionados com o local da lesão pelo teste de qui quadrado, e a atividade física com o tipo e local de lesão pelo teste de Fisher. Foi realizado teste de Kruskall-Wallis seguido pelo teste de Dunn para avaliar a relação das reatividades I, II e III com o pressolagímetro. Desmites foram maiores em animais de corrida, western, e trabalho, e fraturas em animais de corrida e polo. Lesões de joelho foram maiores em adestramento que trabalho e de ombros maiores em salto que trabalho. Lesões tendíneas pélvicas foram menores em salto que adestramento, western e reprodução/repouso. Foram realizadas 5.336 mensurações em 23 acupontos bilaterais. A média geral dos valores do pressoalgímetro foi de 26 ± 6,43 N e as medianas correspondentes às pressões digitais de graus I, II e III foram de 24, 22 e 20 N respectivamente, com diferença significativa entre as mesmas, o que indica que a palpação apresenta uma boa correspondência com o pressoalgímetro para avaliar a reatividade dos pontos de acupuntura. Conclui-se que há relação entre local e tipo de lesão com atividade física e a avaliação palpatória dos pontos de acupuntura é útil na identificação de lesões de algumas estruturas / Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the reactivity of acupuncture points by pressure algometer and the relation between physical activity and orthopedic lesions in horses. It was analyzed 116 horses of dressage, racing, polo pony, reproduction/at rest, jumping, work and western performance with lameness confirmed by image diagnosis for reactivity of acupoints with grade 0 when the answer was normal, I, small, II moderate and III, intense, with evasive response, bite or kick, which only II and III were correlated to site of injury by chi square test, and physical activity with type and site of injury by Fisher test. Kruskall-Wallis test was performed, followed by Dunn's test to evaluate the relation between reactivity I, II and III with the pressure algometer. Desmitis were more prevalent in racehorses, western and work, and fractures in racehorses and polo pony. Stifle injuries were more prevalent in dressage than work, shoulder injuries were more prevalente in jumping than work. Hind tendon injuries were less prevalente in jumping than dressage, western and reproduction/at rest. 5336 measurements were performed in 23 bilateral acupoints. The overall mean values pressure algometer was 26 ± 6.43 N and the median corresponding to fingerprints of grades I, II and III were 24, 22 and 20 N, respectively, with significant difference between them, suggesting that palpation has a good correspondence with the pressure algometer to assess the reactivity of acupuncture points. We conclude that there is a relationship between location and type of injury with physical activity and palpation assessment of acupuncture points is helpful in identifying some structures injuries / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-06T23:46:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A acupuntura e uma modalidade de tratamento da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa que visa a terapia das doencas e desarmonias pela aplicacao de estimulos em locais anatomicos definidos. O presente estudo objetivou explorar as diversas fases que a acupuntura atravessou ate sua aceitacao no meio medico e insercao no Sistema Unico de Saúde no Municipio de São Paulo, tomando como base as experiencias de vida dos profissionais praticantes desta tecnica. Analisou, atraves das narrativas, como ocorre a mediacao entre a visao da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa e da Medicina Ocidental no espaco publico, bem como o posicionamento dos diferentes praticantes de acupuntura quanto a necessidade da regulamentacao desta pratica no Brasil. Utilizamos a Historia Oral de Vida como metodo, pois tal abordagem metodologica demonstrou ser a mais adequada frente aos objetivos propostos de acessarmos a dimensao das experiencias humanas envolvidas nesta trajetoria de lutas e desafios, possibilitando a construcao de uma historia mais humanizada, que concordou tambem com os objetivos mais amplos desta pesquisa que se insere na linha de pesquisa de Humanidades e Humanizacao em Saúde. A Historia Oral segue um rigoroso conjunto de procedimentos para a constituicao das narrativas, que garantem a etica e a validade das mesmas como documentos a serem analisados. Realizamos dez entrevistas, as quais foram realizadas seguindo o conjunto de procedimentos exigidos pela Historia Oral: gravacao das entrevistas; confeccao do documento escrito: transcricao, textualizacao e transcriacao; conferencia e validacao do documento escrito; analise; devolucao do produto. As informacoes contidas nas narrativas foram analisadas e, posteriormente, tomando como referencial a abordagem de interpretacao denominada imersao/cristalizacao, como sugerida por Borkan (1999), foram estabelecidas as categorias de analise, visando compreender as questoes centrais do trabalho. Os resultados confirmaram nossas expectativas de que a utilizacao da Historia Oral de Vida foi a abordagem mais adequada a este estudo. Atraves das historias de vida dos colaboradores foi possivel observar que: a escolha pela acupuntura esteve intimamente relacionada a crise do modelo medico ocidental; frente a crise da medicina e a emergencia de um novo paradigma na Saúde, a acupuntura vem exercendo um importante papel neste cenario, perpassando sua funcao central e inegavel de proporcionar beneficios a Saúde da populacao; a implementacao e a consolidacao da acupuntura constitui-se um complexo processo que, apesar de ser uma realidade cada vez mais presente, existe ainda um extenso caminho para sua implementacao e consolidacao no Sistema Unico de Saúde. Desta maneira, o interessante e uma proposta de complementaridade entre as praticas ocidentais e orientais, atraves do estabelecimento de um caminho intermediario de saberes e praticas construidas a partir de uma concepcao holistica, nao centralizada na doenca, mas sim no individuo. / Acupuncture is a treatment modality of Traditional Chinese Medicine which aims to therapy of diseases and inharmonies by the application of stimuli in defined anatomical sites. The present study aimed to explore the various stages that acupuncture crossed to its acceptance in the medical and inclusion in the Unified Health System in the Municipality of São Paulo, based on the life experiences of practitioners of this technique. Examined, through the narrative, how is the mediation between the vision of Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in the public space, as well as the positioning of different acupuncture practitioners on the need for regulation of this practice in Brazil. We use the Oral History as a method and this methodological approach proved to be the most appropriate forward the proposed objectives we access the dimension of human experience involved in this path of struggles and challenges, allowing the construction of a more human story, which also agreed with the broader goals of this research that inserts into the search line of Humanities and Health Humanization. Oral History follows a strict set of procedures for the establishment of the narratives, which ensure the ethics and validity of the same as documents to be scanned. We made nine interviews, which were conducted by following a set of procedures required by Oral History: recording interviews, making document written transcript, textualization and trans-creation, conference and validation of the written document analysis; product return. The information contained in the narratives were analyzed, taking as reference the interpretive approach called immersion / crystallization, as suggested by Borkan (1999), were established categories of analysis, to understand the core issues of the work. The results confirmed our expectations that the use of Oral History was the most suitable approach to this study. Through the life stories of acupuncture practitioners was observed that: the choice of acupuncture was closely related to the crisis of Western medical model, with the crisis of the biomedical model and the emergence of a new paradigm in health, acupuncture has been playing an important role in this scenario, passing its core function of providing undeniable benefits to health of the population; the implementation and consolidation of acupuncture is a complex process that, despite being a reality increasingly present, there is still a long way to its implementation and consolidation in Unified Health System. In this way, the interesting proposal is a complementarity between the Western and Eastern practices, through the establishment of an intermediate knowledge and practices built from a holistic approach, not centered on disease, but on the individual. / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações