This thesis concentrates on the theme of regional and subregional protection of human rights in Africa. Firstly, it tries to give a summary of the system of human rights protection within the African Union and its evolution with brief characterization of the African Charter on Human and Peoples` Rights, the African Commission on Human and Peoples` Rights and the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights. The second chapter concentrates on the protection of human rights under the regional economic communities provided by three subregional courts, namely the ECOWAS Court of Justice, the SADC Tribunal and the East African Court of Justice. It provides an insight into the functioning of these three subregional courts and analyses questions relating to their human rights jurisdiction as well as their human rights practice and different challenges that these courts had and have to face. It concludes that although the effectivity of the regional and subregional human rights protection in Africa is yet not high and has to be improved, the system is still in its beginning and there is a potentional for the subregional courts to became more effective forums for human rights protection.

This thesis aims to investigate the elements in the implementation of information technology at the National library of Namibia and the library at the University of Namibia. It examines different components that have an impact on the two libraries use of information technology. It deals with the personel, support from the government and foreign aid donours, the users, co-operation with other institutions, the situation for libraries in Africa and the development of information technology in the African and Namibian society.The paper also illustrates the present situation at the two libraries, with their different experiences of the computer equipment, internal databases, on-line connections, CD-ROM and plansfor the future. Prospects for the successful use of information technology at the libraries are also discussed.

The core topic of the thesis is the role of the Republic of South Africa in the development of the African continent: dimensions and its changes. In the first part, the work contains general political and socio-economic background of South Africa (SA) on the African continent. The second part describes South African participation in the international division of labour, especially in the form of trade and capital relations. It does not forget about the description of development cooperation and integration efforts of SA in Africa. The last part is a summary of factors that have the main impact on South African role. Mentioned are: political and economic situation of the country, development agenda of NEPAD and South Africa's major trading partners - the European Union and China.

Biståndet är ett omdiskuterat handlingsgrepp inom internationella samfundets arbete för utveckling och mot fattigdom. Forskningen som hittills bedrivits gällande bistånd har i hög grad fokuserat på biståndets påverkan på den ekonomiska, tekniska och sociala utvecklingen i länder. Denna studie ämnar undersöka ett hittills tämligen outforskat område: hur fredsavtal kan påverkas av biståndet genom att besvara frågan om utvecklingsbiståndet har någon effekt på varaktigheten för fredsavtal. I studien ingår fredsavtal som är en produkt av interna krig på den afrikanska kontinenten. Relationen mellan biståndet samt de valda oberoende variablerna och varaktigheten av fredsavtal analyseras i fyra olika test genom överlevnadsanalys i en cox regressionsmodell. Resultatet visar ingen signifikant effekt för någon av variablerna. Diskussionen behandlar aspekter om varför inte signifikans uppnås, andra variabler vilka kan påverka och förslag till framtida forskning

Y chromosome is due to its special characteristics the ideal tool of archaeogenetic studies. Its diversity is influenced by several factors and I analysed two of them (geographical location and subsistence). I generated SNPs and STRs data from several loci of samples from Slovakia (156 samples, 5 regions) and sub-Saharan Africa, where I analysed samples of sedentary farmers (481 samples, 18 regions) and nomadic pastorals (405 samples, 16 regions). Slovakia is situated at the meeting point of two migration ways. First of them was spread from the east to the west and is associated with enlargement of haplogroup R1a in Europe. The second came from the Iberian Peninsula eastward and is associated with enlargement of haplogroup R1b. Results of MDS graphs replicate the geographical map of Europe. Slovakia is situated in the middle of Russian, Balkanian and Iberian samples. Correlation between genetics and geographic distances is indicated by hierarchical AMOVA analysis and Mantel tests. Populations in sub-Saharan Africa differ from each other by the subsistence pattern. Different life style influence the diversity of the Y chromosome. Nomadic pastoralists and sedentary farmers share different haplogroups, for example, while haplogroup R1b was detected only in nomadic pastoral groups, sedentary farmers...

Factors of education in Africa and their regional differentiation Abstract Education is one of the primary driving forces of development and its importance in the poor countries is undoubtable. The aim of the diploma thesis is to identify the most significant factors affecting education in African states and to analyse them by using of the additional sources and data. The theoretical part points out the complexity in the education and introduces selected approaches in the education studies. The empirical part consists of the research of summary reports by UNDP (MDGs) and UNESCO (EFA) for countries with available reports in English; and analysis of particular factors connected of discussion with another scientific publications. These factors were classified on the basis of literature, to macro and micro factors first, subsequently according to the meaning. The most mentioned factors in the summary reports were school factors (school expenditures, teacher quality), political and economic factors (poverty) or sociocultural factors (women status). According to the conducted research it is obvious that the complex perspective of this issue and including as much factors as possible is essential. The variation coefficient was set for the possibility to find regional differentiation for particular groups of people...

This master thesis concerns a library in Eastern Africa and the users of that library. The aim is to describe the situation and try to assess what the users' needs and wants are. It was my belief that different cultures need different libraries. We need to ask ourselves: can we help if we do not understand the needs? There is a chapter on what has been written on libraries in Africa and African literature, including one section devoted to giving a broad background on Tanzania and the Tanzania Library Service, including history and a quick glance at Swahili and Arusha. The chapter on Arusha Regional Library makes use of the statistics from the library regarding the number of visits and the number of members. In the next chapter there is a presentation of the results of a questionnaire grouped around the different areas - literature both written and oral as well as libraries and attitudes toward literature and libraries. Followed by a section on the point of view of the library staff. They express some opinions that are contradictory both to what some of the users think and what the statistics say. In the conclusion, I bring up the fact that there are many library service needs that remain unsatisfied. The financial situation has forced Tanzania Library Service into solutions that are less than ideal. Furthermore, I make some suggestions based on my observations and on the comments made by the respondents of the questionnaire. / Uppsatsnivå: D

Doktorská práce si klade za širší úkol prozkoumat jednu z rovin kulturního střetu mezi tradiční africkou kulturou a západní kulturou a jejími globalizač­ními vlivy, které se v subsaharské Africe začaly projevovat s nástupem koloni­alismu, a jejichž intenzita dále akcelerovala v postkoloniálním období. Pozornost je věnována kulturnímu subsystému, který představuje regulační funkce společnosti, konkrétně politice, která je však úzce, a místy neodděli­telně, spojena s ekonomikou. Toto velmi široké téma je dále zúženo tím, že předmětem zájmu, a současně hlavním cílem je zkoumání možností demo­kratického řešení konfliktů plynoucích ze současných sociopolitických roz­porů v subsaharské Africe, tedy především, zda jsou myšlenky demokracie v Africe uskutečnitelné, a pokud ano, tak za jakých podmínek.

Práce je věnována problému chudoby, který nejvíce postihuje rozvojové země. První část je věnována ukazatelům, pomocí kterých je možné chudobu v rozvojových zemích definovat a měřit. Tyto ukazatele jsou zaměřeny na příjem, spotřebu, zdravotní stránku obyvatelstva, vzdělání a další dimenze, které s chudobou souvisí. V druhé části je pozornost zaměřena na subsaharskou Afriku, která je z hlediska chudoby nejpostiženějším regionem. Analýza ekonomického vývoje a plnění Rozvojových cílů tisíciletí odhaluje hlavní příčiny prozatím neúspěšného efektivního snižování chudoby v této části afrického kontinentu.

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