De nos jours, les mesures sans contact du signal cardiaque du patient en utilisant le radar Doppler a suscité un intérêt considérable chez les chercheurs, surtout que les électrocardiographes traditionnels avec des électrodes fixes ne sont pas pratiques dans certains cas comme les nourrissons ou les victimes de brûlure. En raison de la sensibilité des micro­ondes à de petits mouvements, le radar a été utilisé comme système de surveillance de l'activité cardio-pulmonaire humaine. Selon l'effet Doppler, un signal de fréquence constante est transmis vers la cible ayant un déplacement variable puis réfléchi. Le signal réfléchit possède une variation de phase par rapport au temps. Dans notre cas, la cible est la poitrine du patient; Le signal réfléchi de la poitrine de la personne contient le signal cardiorespiratoire. Le système est basé sur un analyseur de réseau vectoriel et deux antennes cornet. Le S21 est calculé en utilisant un analyseur de réseau. La variation de phase de S21 contient des informations de l'activité cardio-pulmonaire. Des techniques de traitement sont utilisées pour extraire le signal cardiaque de la variation de la phase de S21 . Cette thèse présente une étude comparative dans la détection des signaux de battements cardiaques au niveau de la puissance rayonnée et de la fréquence opérationnelle. Les puissances rayonnées sont comprises entre 3 et -17 dBm et les fréquences opérationnelles utilisées sont 2.4, 5.8, 1 0 et 20 GHz. Cela permet de spécifier la fréquence opérationnelle optimale, qui donne un compromis entre la puissance minimale émise ainsi que la complexité du système de mesure. De plus, une étude comparative entre plusieurs méthodes de traitement de signal est proposée pour extraire la meilleure méthode qui permet de mesurer le signal cardiaque et par suite extraire ses paramètres. Des techniques de traitement basées sur des transformées en ondelettes ou le filtrage classique sont présentées et utilisées afin de faire une comparaison entre elles. Le paramètre extrait dans cette thèse est le taux des battements cardiaques. Les mesures ont été effectuées simultanément avec un électrocardiographe afin de valider les mesures du signal cardiaque. Puisque la personne peut se déplacer d'une pièce à une autre à l'intérieur de son domicile, des mesures des quatre côtés de la personne et derrière un mur sont réalisées. Ajoutons une approche de modélisation fondée sur la mesure cardio-respiratoire pour une personne qui exerce une marche en avant. De plus, une comparaison entre un système à micro-ondes à simple et deux antennes pour une personne qui prend son souffle est effectuée afin de tester la précision du système à antenne unique par rapport au a la deuxième. Par suite, des mesures sont effectuées pour une personne qui respire en utilisant un système à une seule antenne. / Nowadays, contact-less monitoring patient's heartbeat using Doppler radar has attracted considerable interest of researchers, especially when the traditional electrocardiogram (ECG) measurements with fixed electrodes is not practical in some cases like infants at risk or sudden infant syndrome or burn victims. Due to the microwave sensitivity toward tiny movements, radar has been employed as a noninvasive monitoring system of human cardiopulmonary activity. According to Doppler effect, a constant frequency signal reflected off an object having a varying displacement will result in a reflected signal, but with a time varying phase. In our case, the object is the patient's chest; the reflected signal of the person's chest contains information about the heartbeat and respiration. The system is based on a vector network analyzer and 2 horn antennas. The S21 is computed using a vector network analyzer. The phase variation of S21 contains information about cardiopulmonary activity. Processing techniques are used to extract the heartbeat signal from the S21 phase. This thesis presents a comparative study in heartbeat detection, considering different radiated powers and frequencies. The radiated powers used are between 3 and -17 dBm and the operational frequencies used are 2.4, 5.8, 10 and 20 GHz. This helps to make a compromise between the minimum power emitted and the complexity of the measurement system. In addition, a comparative study of several signal processing methods is proposed to extract the best technique for heartbeat measurement and thus to extract its parameters. Processing techniques are based on wavelet transforms and conventional filtering in order to make a comparison between them. The parameter extracted in this thesis is the heartbeat rate HR. Measurements were performed simultaneously with a PC-based electrocardiograph to validate the heartbeat rate measurement. Since the person can move from a room to another inside his home, measurements from the four sides of the person and behind a wall are performed. In addition, a modeling approach based on cardio-respiratory measurement for a person who is walking forward is presented. Furthermore, a comparison between single and two-antenna microwave systems for a non-breathing person is carried out to test the accuracy of the single-antenna system relative to the two ­antenna microwave system. After that, measurements are performed using one antenna microwave system for a person who breathes normally.

Amorphous and polycrystalline microwires cast from ferromagnetic Fe-based or Co-based alloys in glass envelope demonstrate unique magneto-anisotropic and high frequency impedance properties that make them very attractive for sensor applications. Magnetic anisotropies of different types result from the inverse magnetostriction effect (positive or negative) at the interface between the glass shell and the metal core, in the presence of the residual stresses induced during the Taylor-Ulitovski casting method. Therefore, the glass shell is not just isolation, but also is one of most important factors that defines the physical properties of microwires. In particular, magnetic anisotropy allows high frequency impedance to be tuned by external stimuli such as magnetic field, tensile stress, or temperature. In the project, these effects are explored for the creation of low density microwire inclusions that might introduce tuneable microwave properties to polymer composite materials. The project aims to study high frequency impedance effects in ferromagnetic wires in the presence of tensile stress, temperature, and magnetic field. The integration of microwave equipment with mechanical and thermal measurement facilities is a very challenging task. In the project, we develop new experimental techniques allowing comprehensive study of composite materials with electromagnetic functionalities. The wire surface impedance recovered from such measurements can then be used to model the microwave response from wire-filled composites in free space. The obtained results significantly expand the horizon of potential applications of ferromagnetic wires for structural health monitoring.

ABSTRACT The topic of the diploma thesis bears the title Possibilities of using technical means of narcotics checks in road traffic. The thesis endeavours to describe, compare and evaluate searching methods that are used in road checks for habit-forming drugs by public officials. The theoretical part is focused on the description of individual groups of habit-forming drugs and their effects on the human organism. Further, the theoretical part contains an overview of the most frequently used analytic methods. The practical part deals with the questions of detection aids used by the traffic police in the Czech Republic. Based on the methodology used, which included research in domestic and foreign sources and a structured interview, all the information obtained was thoroughly evaluated and it illustrates the substance of the topic. This diploma thesis is structured in such a way that enables its use by police units and other organisations that take part in fighting the use of habit-forming drugs. The thesis can be also a contribution for tuition as study material.

Deux problématiques se croisent dans nos travaux de recherches, ils ne font pas parties du même domaine: la première est issue du TAL (Traitement Automatique des Langues), la seconde est relié au domaine de l'ALAO (Apprentissage des Langues Assisté par Ordinateur).La première partie de nos travaux de recherches rentre dans le cadre de l'analyse morphologique des textes arabes. Pour la création d'un analyseur morphologique, nous avons commencé par la réalisation de toutes les ressources nécessaires (Dictionnaires pour la langue arabe, Matrices de compatibilités, Règles, Corpus d'apprentissage, Modèle de langage, etc.). Nous avons utilisé une approche statistique basée sur les Modèles de Markov Cachés (MMC) qui adhère à des principes de bonne pratique bien établis dans le domaine de l'analyse morphologique. Cette méthodologie a donné naissance à @rab-Morph : un analyseur morphologique robuste et performant pour l'arabe.La deuxième partie des travaux menés se situe dans le cadre de l'ALAO, où l'objectif principal est d'apporter des éléments de réponse à la question suivante ; comment peut-on profiter des outils issues du TAL arabe pour apporter des solutions aux plateformes d'apprentissage de l'arabe langue étrangère? Pour y parvenir et montrer l'intérêt d'avoir recours à des procédures, solutions et outils TAL pour l'apprentissage des langues, nous avons développé un prototype pour l'apprentissage de l'arabe baptisé @rab-Learn. Cet environnement utilise des outils issues du TAL, principalement notre analyseur morphologique @rab-Morph, pour créer des activités pédagogiques variés et automatiser d'avantage le traitement de la langue dans ces plateformes. / L'auteur n'a pas fourni de résumé en anglais

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:21:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2308276 bytes, checksum: 30fe5bd9f0346db5777a9c5983218c0f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Sulfites are chemical additives major role in the beverage industry, however, the excessive use of these additives can cause disease and its limit is a maximum of 0,7 mg/kg of body weight per day SO2. This study proposes a micro-batch-flow analyser (μFBA) for photometric determination of sulphites in beverages. The μFBA was built from the commercial urethane-acrylate resin and polymerized exhibiting photo of ultra-violet radiation. The photometric method for the determination of sulfites in beverages based on the reaction of salts of sulfites in an acid medium with formaldehyde solution subsequently reacted with pararosaniline hydrochloride solution giving finally, a complex of violet color with maximum absorption at 565 nm. The linear model of the calibration curve was validated by ANOVA, residual plot and left by the F test model. The detection limit was 0,08 mg L-1 and the relative standard deviation less than 1,5% (n = 3). A test precision assessed by recovery test (96,8% to 102,6%) was performed. The μFBA is potentially useful as an alternative to sulfites photometric determinations as parameters of quality of beverage and yield of 240 samples per hour, producing low consumption of sample and reagents. The results obtained by the proposed μFBA compared to the conventional method, no statistically significant differences in applying paired with a confidence level of 95% t-test / Os sulfitos são aditivos químicos com grande atuação na indústria de bebidas, entretanto o uso desses aditivos em excesso podem causar patologias e seu limite encontra-se no máximo de 0,7 mg/kg de SO2 peso corpóreo por dia. Esse estudo propõe um microanalisador em fluxo batelada (μFBA) para determinação fotométrica de sulfitos em bebidas. A microcâmara do μFBA foi construído a partir da resina comercial uretana-acrilato e polimerizado em fotoexpositora de radiação ultra-violeta. O método fotométrico para determinação de sulfitos em bebidas baseou-se na reação dos sais de sulfitos, em meio ácido, com solução de formaldeído que posteriormente reagiu com a solução de cloridrato de pararosanilina originando, por fim, um complexo de cor violeta com absorção máxima em 565 nm. O modelo linear da curva analítica foi validada através da ANOVA, gráfico dos resíduos e teste F deixados pelo modelo. O limite de detecção foi de 0.08 mg L-1 e o desvio padrão relativo inferior a 1,5% (n = 3). Foi realizado um teste de precisão avaliada através do teste de recuperação (96,8% a 102,6%). O μFBA é potencialmente útil como uma alternativa para determinações fotométricas de sulfitos como parâmetros de qualidade de bebidas e rendimento de 240 amostras por hora, gerando baixo consumo de amostra e reagentes. Os resultados obtidos pelo μFBA proposto comparado ao método convencional, não apresentou diferenças estatisticamente significativas na aplicação do teste t pareado com nível de confiança de 95%

The decrease of semi-natural grasslands in Europe during the last decade has made several previously common species rare or declining in numbers. One of these species is the endangered field gentian Gentianella campestris, which has been proposed as an important indicator species for semi-natural grasslands. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of consistent management and shown how local conditions affect the species. Less is known about how the population is affected by isolation and changes in the surrounding landscape, both of which are potential consequences of habitat loss.This study utilized long term citizen science data on the population changes to explore if local and regional factors, such as connectivity could explain the rapid decline and local extinctions that the field gentian population in Östergötland, Sweden, has experienced since the beginning of the 1990’s. Generalized linear models showed that the declining field gentian population can partly be explained by changes in the surrounding landscape which has led to decreased connectivity of semi-natural grasslands. The study also indicate that there is a need for future management plans to consider the surrounding landscape on a distance of 1-3 km from field gentian localities as this scale seems to be the most important.

L'objet de la thèse est constitué de l'accueil dans le champ du travail social. Il est le premier temps de la rencontre entre l'individu et les travailleurs sociaux.Le terme d'accueil est couramment utilisé dans le jargon professionnel, aussi bien dans les activités de travail quotidiennes que dans le champ de la formation professionnelle. Sa dimension polymorphe complexifie son appréhension. L'apparente banalité qu'il revêt en fait un objet de recherche d'autant plus délicat à saisir. Il se met en œuvre à travers différentes missions et dimensions. Associé intrinsèquement à l'entrée en relation, il est d'abord un espace d'accueil et interroge les dimensions spatiale, temporelle et organisationnelle. Il se formalise à travers des documents écrits à usage professionnel. Il se met en œuvre à travers les politiques publiques et devient un objet évaluable en termes de qualité de l'accueil proposé et reçu.L'accueil ,comme activité de travail, fait l'objet de nombreuses études ou rapports. Paradoxalement, plus cette activité est décrite plus elle apparaît insaisissable. En m'appuyant sur une démarche à la fois socio-historique et socio -clinique, je confronte les éléments du passé constituant les métiers du travail social et recherche l‘origine de l'accueil dans les pratiques professionnelles au fil du temps. Je les mets en miroir avec les réalités actuelles du travail social. J'utilise mon propre parcours professionnel et l'analyse de mon implication pour saisir plus globalement les implications professionnelles à l'œuvre aujourd'hui. Je m'appuie sur la sociologie du travail social. L'emploi générique de l'accueil démontre une utilisation peu étayée théoriquement et des pratiques professionnelles diverses et variées, voire complexes. Repéré comme fondement historique de l'acte d'intervention en travail social, l'accueil s'enracine dans les mouvements hygiénistes et de santé, mêlant valeurs caritatives, religieuses et républicaines.Si l'accueil est le moment de la rencontre entre l'accueilli et l'accueillant. Il demande par conséquent à mobiliser des savoirs pratiques pour entrer en relation. Il s'étaye sur le ressenti, les valeurs de professionnels aux origines sociales et culturelles diverses et variées. Il se pratique au quotidien. Si les travailleurs sociaux sont historiquement concernés par l'entrée en relation d'aide avec les personnes, d'autres salariés issus de métiers différents partagent aujourd'hui cette tâche, voire les remplacent pour recevoir la première demande de l ‘usager. Accueillir « l'autre » demeurerait un acte « quasi liturgique » pour les salariés du travail social et plus globalement de l ‘action sociale.Dans ces allers-retours entre passé et présent, les Centres Communaux d'Action Sociale (CCAS) apparaissent historiquement comme faisant partie des premières structures publiques qui ont pour mission d'accueillir et de venir en aide aux publics les plus démunis, ceci depuis la Révolution française. Ils se nommaient alors « bureau de bienfaisance ». J'ai ainsi fait le choix de mettre en œuvre un dispositif de recherche de type socio-clinique en CCAS pour dévoiler la complexité de cette mission, au regard du service public. Les travailleurs sociaux, animateurs, agents administratifs mobilisés et divisés autour de l'entrée en relation avec un public toujours plus fragilisé montrent les aspects cachés de leur professionnalité. L'accueil au quotidien est déjà une entrée dans la relation d'aide particulière et difficilement généralisable. L'accueil apparaît progressivement comme un analyseur des implications professionnelles, des logiques de métiers et des postures à l'œuvre dans le champ du travail social. / The thesis considers client reception in the field of social work. It is the initial phase when the individual and social workers meet.The term "reception" is commonly used in professional jargon, both for routine tasks and in the field of vocational training. Its multi-faceted dimension makes it more complex to understand. Its apparent banality makes it a research subject that is all the more difficult to grasp. It comes into play through different missions and dimensions. Intrinsically associated to entering into a relationship, it is first a reception area and questions the organisational, time and space dimensions. It is formalised through documents written for professional use. It is implemented through public policies and becomes an aspect that can be assessed in terms of the quality of the reception proposed and received.Client reception, as a work activity, has been the subject of many studies or reports. Paradoxically, the more that is written about this activity, the harder it seems to grasp. Using a both socio-historical and socio-clinical approach, I consider the aspects that shaped the social work profession in the past and I research the origins of client reception in professional practices over time. I mirror them with the current realities of social work. I fall back on my own professional career and analyse my involvement to more globally understand the professional implications in play today. I draw on the sociology of social work. The generic usage of client reception displays a use that is poorly substantiated theoretically and diverse and varied, or even complex professional practices. Recognized as a historical basis for intervention in social work, client reception is rooted in health and hygienic mechanisms, mixing republication, religious and charitable values.If client reception is the moment of meeting between the person seeking social support and the receptor, it therefore calls for practical expertise to be brought into play in order to enter into a relationship. It is substantiated by the feelings and professional values of the different and varied cultural and social origins. It is used in daily life. If social workers are traditionally concerned about entering into a relationship to help people, other members of different professions today share this task, or even replace the former as they receive the first request of the user. Receiving “the other” would remain a "nearly liturgical" act for social work employees and more globally those involved in social action.In this toing and froing between past and present, the Social Action Community Centres (CCAS)) traditionally appear as being part of the initial public structures whose mission has been to be the point of entry and come to the help of the most destitute ever since the French Revolution. They were then known as a “relief committee”. I have thus chosen to implement a socio-clinical research mechanism in CCAS to reveal the complexity of this mission as regards serving the public. The social workers, facilitators and administrative staff engaged and involved in entering into a relation with a ever more fragile general public show the hidden aspects of their professionalism. Client reception in daily life is already a point of entry into the specific support relationship and which is hard to generalize. Client reception is progressively emerging as an analyser of professional of professional implications, work rationale and attitudes to work in the field of social work.

This master's thesis deals with the search of commercially available luminance analysers and cameras that use the measurement of correlated colour temperature. It also deals with calculations of correlated colour temperature according to various available methods. The luminance analyser LDA-LumiDISP is based on a DSLR camera. The principle of its operation and possible errors in capturing pictures are discussed here. The work deals with extensive testing of the LDA-LumiDISP luminance analyser, which is primarily intended for measuring luminance in the set scene, but can also be used to measure the correlated colour temperature. The device is being tested in terms of measuring the correlated colour temperature in laboratory and field conditions. The result of the master's thesis is the calculation of measurements uncertainty for certain light sources and the optimization of the measuring algorithm to reduce them.

Aim of this project is development of the analyser for cable distributed television signals. At the beginning is a block diagram of the suggested analyser with digitally controled wideband tuner, logarithmic detector, microcontroller and a graphical display module. For each block there is a theoretical analysis, features description and description of the electronic components that were used. In the next part of this project is introduced the design of circuit schematic and printed circuit board of prototyping kit, that was used for experiments and testing of its features and parametres. Last part of this thesis focuses on finishing of a prototyping kit, development of firmware and experimental verification of the prototype's parameters.

The master’s thesis deals with development of the radio channel analyser operating in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz band according to IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The analyzer will contain two basic functions, namely energy detection of channels and analysation of selected channel. Detection of energy will be solved by selection between simple graph and text list on display. Based on information about the occupancy of channels the user can decide which channel would be set up. During the receiving of valid frame the source address, signal strength and signal quality will be stored. At the end the processor will show these data on display. For controlling the device will be installed two LEDs and four buttons.