This study examines the preservation practices of academic law libraries and argues that the survey results illustrate the growing gap between current preservation practices and new technology. The introduction to the study discusses challenges for libraries and cultural institutions in the digital age. In the second section, the paper analyzes U.S. copyright law and the effect of recent amendments on library preservation activities. The third section reports the results of a preservation practices survey. In the fourth section, the paper explores options for future law library preservation including institutional repositories and collaborative preservation efforts. The paper concludes that a new approach to scholarship and preservation is necessary to ensure that future generations have access to historically important legal literature.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the practices of Canadian repositories in making their archival holdings available on the Internet to see whether they are more or less restrictive than copyright law requires. The Internet provides an opportunity to make archival material more widely accessible; however, repositories’ copyright practices in making their holdings available online may affect the extent to which wider access to archival material is actually achieved. The study employed four different sources of evidence, i.e., the website content of 154 Canadian repositories whose websites feature archival material from the repository’s holdings; copyright policy and procedure documents of those repositories; 106 responses to a questionnaire sent to the staff of those repositories; and 22 interviews with repository staff members. In terms of selection for online access, the study found that the repositories studied prefer to select items that are perceived to incur little risk of copyright infringement (because the copyright has expired or because the repository owns the copyright), or items that require few or no resources to investigate copyright status or obtain copyright authorizations. Thus, with regard to selection, repositories were more restrictive than the law required, largely due to lack of resources. Although repositories have no legal or professional obligation to enforce others’ copyright interests, they nonetheless attempt to control further uses of their online holdings through the use of technical measures (e.g., low resolution images, watermarks, etc.) or non-technical measures (e.g., conditions placed on further uses), for reasons not necessarily related to copyright. Overall, the study found that repositories’ practices in making their holding available online were more restrictive than copyright law envisages. While this may be due to factors other than copyright, access to online documentary heritage may be limited as a result.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the practices of Canadian repositories in making their archival holdings available on the Internet to see whether they are more or less restrictive than copyright law requires. The Internet provides an opportunity to make archival material more widely accessible; however, repositories’ copyright practices in making their holdings available online may affect the extent to which wider access to archival material is actually achieved. The study employed four different sources of evidence, i.e., the website content of 154 Canadian repositories whose websites feature archival material from the repository’s holdings; copyright policy and procedure documents of those repositories; 106 responses to a questionnaire sent to the staff of those repositories; and 22 interviews with repository staff members. In terms of selection for online access, the study found that the repositories studied prefer to select items that are perceived to incur little risk of copyright infringement (because the copyright has expired or because the repository owns the copyright), or items that require few or no resources to investigate copyright status or obtain copyright authorizations. Thus, with regard to selection, repositories were more restrictive than the law required, largely due to lack of resources. Although repositories have no legal or professional obligation to enforce others’ copyright interests, they nonetheless attempt to control further uses of their online holdings through the use of technical measures (e.g., low resolution images, watermarks, etc.) or non-technical measures (e.g., conditions placed on further uses), for reasons not necessarily related to copyright. Overall, the study found that repositories’ practices in making their holding available online were more restrictive than copyright law envisages. While this may be due to factors other than copyright, access to online documentary heritage may be limited as a result.

The Swedish geographer Gerd Enequist (1903-1989) left behind great amounts of private and work material when she passed away. This was donated to the University Library of Uppsala, Carolina Rediviva, in three different accessions. This resulted in three different record. The subject of this report is the progress of assembling these record into one complete record. The registering led to many important decisions such as the role of provenance and the relation of private and public documents. Above all the special nature of personal archives have been a topic of discussion. Personal archives separate themselves from public records and therefore demand a different strategy of listing. The width of kinds of material and the mixture of private and public records are important qualities that differ them from public records. The report is initiated with an introduction of Enequist, followed by a description of the three accessions. In the second part of the report the work with recording the archive is accounted for including a description of the headings of the record. Thereafter the problems encountered during the work are described and discussed. The report is completed with a short proposal of the research values of the archive.

Three primary mechanisms of paper deterioration in library and archival collections are driven by climatic conditions of excessive relative humidity. These are chemical reactivity, mechanical stress and biological deterioration. It is the view of the researcher that the role of chemical reactivity has not been adequately assessed in relation to the deterioration of paper. The significance of an autoxidative phenomenon, similar to the brown tideline staining at the wet/dry interface, has not been previously recognised as a cause of deterioration as an accelerated function of time under humid conditions of the macroclimate, and as a function of the unstable equilibrium moisture content of materials in a microclimate, but has been obscured by the accepted explanation of biological deterioration. An analytical procedure was developed to enable the comparison of oxidative degradation products found in stained areas of naturally aged samples with those formed during a dynamic simulated ageing programme to induce cellulosic discolouration. A relationship between the degradative mechanism and humid climatic conditions was established. Based on the findings of the analytical investigation, this study forms a contribution towards the development of a theory of deterioration. Evidence is presented of a chemical process of degradation in the oxidation of paper at the wet/dry interface, following the condensation and evaporation kinetics induced by cycling relative humidity (RH) driven by temperature fluctuations in diurnal and seasonal ranges. Sites of moisture accumulation at which the oxidative reaction readily take place, and which constitute a wet/dry interface, are identified at surface areas exposed to atmospheric exchange, in physical defects, in uneven adhesive lamination, in local wet treatments, in impervious storage enclosures or adjacent to an impervious surface which acts as a vapour barrier to the transudational force of capillary action. In advancing the theory of a chemical response of library and archival materials in the fluctuating moisture content as an explanation for the causation of cellulosic staining, the evidence of foxing is redefined. Librarians, archivists and conservators are thus assisted in the identification of the basic chemical reactions involved in the process of deterioration, and in recognising the role of oxidative degradation relation to environmental conditions. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1998.

The aim of the study was to evaluate an online tutorial designed to teach digitization and metadata indexing of library and archival resources. The online tutorial was designed according to constructivist teaching principles to promote collaborative learning. The tutorial was hosted on the OLS (Open learning System) of the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN). The research was concerned with answering three research questions: Is the online tutorial a teaching instrument capable of teaching metadata indexing and digitization skills? Is the online tutorial an effective teaching tool? Does the use of constructivist teaching elements in the tutorial design allow for a more effective communication of knowledge and skills? A total of 10 participants registered for and took part in the online tutorial. On completion of the tutorial a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the tutorial was done. In terms of the latter a self-administered questionnaire was used as the data collection technique. The qualitative evaluation was done via an analysis of discussions on the discussion forum and e-mail correspondence between learners and the researcher during the running of the tutorial. A more quantitative analysis was then conducted of the responses to the self-administered questionnaire. The qualitative and quantitative analysis identified significant issues that affected the running of the online tutorial. The main issues included problems relating to Internet access to the online tutorial, participation of learners on the tutorial and the functioning of the online learning environment. The analysis of the results of the evaluation provided answers for the three research questions. The analysis found that the online tutorial was able to teach metadata indexing and digitization skills. This was based on completed work that was submitted by participants and responses participants gave to questions on the postcourse questionnaire. However, the amount of work submitted by all participants for the metadata indexing and digitization exercises was generally low. The online tutorial was able to conduct effective teaching at certain times in the tutorial. However, there were a number of issues that disrupted the functioning of the online tutorial and this limited the effectiveness of teaching on the tutorial. The use of constructivist teaching elements in the tutorial design was unable to enable effective communication of knowledge and skills and the promotion of constructivist learning on the tutorial. This goal was hampered by various problems associated with the hosting of the online tutorial and Internet connectivity to the OLS site. Various suggestions for further research were made. / Theses (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-26T13:21:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014Bitstream added on 2015-01-26T13:30:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000801378.pdf: 1774868 bytes, checksum: 6ac738ebc23235fe80d46f3e2080f2d5 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O Percurso deste estudo é calcado na interdisciplinaridade, uma vez que busca apontar métodos que se encontram em outras áreas e campos de conhecimento, com intuito de proporcionar discussões teóricas e práticas, a partir de apontamentos metodológicos, sobre a Diplomática Arquivística, Análise Documental e o Percurso Gerativo de Sentido. Isto posto, o objeto deste estudo é o documento de arquivo em sua fase permanente em suporte de papel. Nesta fase, o documento de arquivo é submetido à descrição, na qual seu conteúdo é descrito para proporcionar o acesso e a recuperação da informação. Esta descrição é realizada tendo como base normas Internacionais, como a Norma geral internacional de descrição arquivística (ISAD (G)) e a Norma internacional de registro de autoridade arquivística para entidades coletivas, pessoas e famílias (ISAAR (CPF)), quanto a Nacional como a Norma Brasileira de Descrição Arquivística (NOBRADE); essas propõem a padronização da descrição, partindo de elementos comuns, apresentadas em seus níveis de descrição. Estas normas incidem na elaboração de instrumentos de pesquisa, apresentando-os no formato de Guia, Inventário e Catálogo, permitindo o acesso e a recuperação da Informação na fase permanente, porém, estes podem ser utilizados nas outras fases documentais. Os instrumentos de pesquisa, da mesma maneira como a descrição, são aplicados na fase permanente. Contudo, acentua se que as normas não se comprometem com as entradas ou saídas de dados, bem como os instrumentos de pesquisas ficam a cargo de cada instituição custodiadora por sua elaboração. Desta forma, o problema desta pesquisa, é a falta do desenvolvimento de métodos que auxiliem o arquivista a representar e dar acesso à informação e o grau da necessidade em tê-los nessa área. Assim, ao se buscar nas normas meios de representar os documentos de arquivo, depara-se com o termo ponto de acesso, que em uma... / The course of this study is based by the interdisciplinarity, once it seeks to identify methods that are in other areas and fields of knowledge, with a view to provide theoretical and practical discussions, from methodological notes about the Diplomatics Archives, Document Analysis and Generative Trajectory of Meaning. Having that in mind, the object of this study is the document file in its permanent stage in the physical state. At this stage, the document file is submitted to the description in which its content is described to provide access and information retrieval. This description is realized/achieved taking as basis international standards such as the General International Standard Archival Description (ISAD (G)) and the International Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families (ISAAR (CPF)), about the Brazilian Standard Archival Description (NOBRADE); these propose standardization of the description, from common elements, presented in their levels of description. These norms focus on the development of research instruments, presenting them in the Guide, Inventory and catalog format, enabling the access and the information retrieving in the permanent phase, however, these can be used in other documentary phases. The research instruments, like in the description, are applied in the permanent phase. However, it stresses that the norms do not commit to the input or output data, as well as research instruments are borne by each custodian institution for its elaboration. So, the problem of this research is the lack of develop methods that help the archivist to represent and provide access to information and the degree of the necessity to have them in this area. At this point, when we search in norms a way of represent the archive documents, we faced with the term access point, that in a general comprehension, are terms extracted from the document and compiled to proportion the access. However, as...

Orientador: João Batista Ernesto de Moraes / Banca: Natália Bolfarini Tognoli / Banca: Rosane Suely Alvares Lunardelli / Resumo: O Percurso deste estudo é calcado na interdisciplinaridade, uma vez que busca apontar métodos que se encontram em outras áreas e campos de conhecimento, com intuito de proporcionar discussões teóricas e práticas, a partir de apontamentos metodológicos, sobre a Diplomática Arquivística, Análise Documental e o Percurso Gerativo de Sentido. Isto posto, o objeto deste estudo é o documento de arquivo em sua fase permanente em suporte de papel. Nesta fase, o documento de arquivo é submetido à descrição, na qual seu conteúdo é descrito para proporcionar o acesso e a recuperação da informação. Esta descrição é realizada tendo como base normas Internacionais, como a Norma geral internacional de descrição arquivística (ISAD (G)) e a Norma internacional de registro de autoridade arquivística para entidades coletivas, pessoas e famílias (ISAAR (CPF)), quanto a Nacional como a Norma Brasileira de Descrição Arquivística (NOBRADE); essas propõem a padronização da descrição, partindo de elementos comuns, apresentadas em seus níveis de descrição. Estas normas incidem na elaboração de instrumentos de pesquisa, apresentando-os no formato de Guia, Inventário e Catálogo, permitindo o acesso e a recuperação da Informação na fase permanente, porém, estes podem ser utilizados nas outras fases documentais. Os instrumentos de pesquisa, da mesma maneira como a descrição, são aplicados na fase permanente. Contudo, acentua se que as normas não se comprometem com as entradas ou saídas de dados, bem como os instrumentos de pesquisas ficam a cargo de cada instituição custodiadora por sua elaboração. Desta forma, o problema desta pesquisa, é a falta do desenvolvimento de métodos que auxiliem o arquivista a representar e dar acesso à informação e o grau da necessidade em tê-los nessa área. Assim, ao se buscar nas normas meios de representar os documentos de arquivo, depara-se com o termo ponto de acesso, que em uma... / Abstract: The course of this study is based by the interdisciplinarity, once it seeks to identify methods that are in other areas and fields of knowledge, with a view to provide theoretical and practical discussions, from methodological notes about the Diplomatics Archives, Document Analysis and Generative Trajectory of Meaning. Having that in mind, the object of this study is the document file in its permanent stage in the physical state. At this stage, the document file is submitted to the description in which its content is described to provide access and information retrieval. This description is realized/achieved taking as basis international standards such as the General International Standard Archival Description (ISAD (G)) and the International Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families (ISAAR (CPF)), about the Brazilian Standard Archival Description (NOBRADE); these propose standardization of the description, from common elements, presented in their levels of description. These norms focus on the development of research instruments, presenting them in the Guide, Inventory and catalog format, enabling the access and the information retrieving in the permanent phase, however, these can be used in other documentary phases. The research instruments, like in the description, are applied in the permanent phase. However, it stresses that the norms do not commit to the input or output data, as well as research instruments are borne by each custodian institution for its elaboration. So, the problem of this research is the lack of develop methods that help the archivist to represent and provide access to information and the degree of the necessity to have them in this area. At this point, when we search in norms a way of represent the archive documents, we faced with the term access point, that in a general comprehension, are terms extracted from the document and compiled to proportion the access. However, as... / Mestre

Orientadora: Telma Campanha de Carvalho Madio / Banca: Edberto Ferneda / Banca: Dunia Llanes Padrón / Banca: Maria Leandra Bizello / Banca: Gilberto Fladimir Rodrigues Vianna / Resumo: Nesta pesquisa realizou-se uma investigação referente ao processo de desenvolvimento de sistemas informatizados de gestão arquivística de documentos de instituições de ensino superior, observando-se especificamente a função de descrição arquivística, o uso das normas de descrição arquivística e o uso de requisitos do e-Arq Brasil como eixo central da pesquisa em interação com a área de recuperação da informação. Optou-se, como estudo de caso, pelos sistemas informatizados adotados em duas (02) instituições de ensino superior, a Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) e a Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP). Como todas possuem seu próprio software, desenvolvido para o atendimento das demandas diárias de trabalho relacionadas às suas atividades fim e meio, escolhe-se uma funcionalidade de cadastro e acompanhamento de disciplina no sistema, observando-se a visão do seu utilizador. Como recursos metodológicos, adotam-se pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, natureza exploratória, descritiva e explicativa, com abordagem qualitativa, realizando-se assim um estudo de caso buscando as evidências da documentação, da observação direta e da observação participante, e seguindo um roteiro pré-definido. Os resultados apresentam o atendimento de determinados funcionalidades essenciais de cada software, de acordo com um conjunto de requisitos determinado a partir do e-Arq Brasil, em acordo com a natureza e tipo de tecnologia de automação e com os preceitos da recu... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This research carried out an investigation regarding the process of development of computerized archival management systems for documents of higher education institutions, specifically observing the function of archival description, the use of the archival description standards and the use of requirements of the e -Arq Brazil as the central axis of the research in interaction with the information retrieval area. The computerized systems adopted in two (02) higher education institutions, the State University of Londrina (UEL) and the Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), were chosen as a case study. Since both of them have their own software, developed to meet the daily demands of work related to their core and non-core activities, a registration and monitoring of discipline in the system is chosen, observing the view of its user. As a methodological resource, it is adopted a bibliographic and documentary research, of an exploratory, descriptive and explanatory nature, with a qualitative approach, thus conducting a case study seeking evidence of documentation, direct observation and participant observation, following a pre-defined script. The results present the fulfillment of certain essential functionalities of each software, according to a set of requirements determined from e-Arq Brasil, the nature and type of automation technology and with the precepts of information retrieval and archival description and other archival principles essential to ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor