Global ETD Search

41	SOARNET, Deep Learning Thermal Detection for Free Flight Tallman, Jake T 01 June 2021 (has links) (PDF) Thermals are regions of rising hot air formed on the ground through the warming of the surface by the sun. Thermals are commonly used by birds and glider pilots to extend flight duration, increase cross-country distance, and conserve energy. This kind of powerless flight using natural sources of lift is called soaring. Once a thermal is encountered, the pilot flies in circles to keep within the thermal, so gaining altitude before flying off to the next thermal and towards the destination. A single thermal can net a pilot thousands of feet of elevation gain, however estimating thermal locations is not an easy task. Pilots look for different indicators: color variation on the ground because the difference in the amount of heat absorbed by the ground varies based on the color/composition, birds circling in an area gaining lift, and certain types of cloud formations (cumulus clouds). The above methods are not always reliable enough and pilots study the weather for thermals by estimating solar heating of the ground using cloud cover and time of year and the lapse rate and dew point of the troposphere. In this paper, we present a Machine Learning based solution for assisting in forecasting thermals. We created a custom dataset using flight data recorded and uploaded to public databases by soaring pilots. We determine where and when the pilot encountered thermals to pull weather and satellite images corresponding to the location and time of the flight. Using this dataset we train an algorithm to automatically predict the location of thermals given as input the current weather conditions and terrain information obtained from Google Earth Engine and thermal regions encountered as truth labels. We were able to converge very well on the training and validation set, proving our method with around a 0.98 F1 score. These results indicate success in creating a custom dataset and a powerful neural network with the necessity of bolstering our custom dataset. Machine Learning Free Flight Image Segmentation Satellite Imagery Deep Learning Gliding Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Aviation Safety and Security Databases and Information Systems Data Science Environmental Monitoring Fluid Dynamics Geology Other Aerospace Engineering
42	Landing-Gear Impact Response: A Non-linear Finite Element Approach Tran, Tuan H 01 January 2019 (has links) The primary objective of this research is to formulate a methodology of assessing the maximum impact loading condition that will incur onto an aircraft’s landing gear system via Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and appropriately determining its corresponding structural and impact responses to minimize potential design failures during hard landing (abnormal impact) and shock absorption testing. Both static and dynamic loading condition were closely analyzed, compared, and derived through the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) airworthiness regulations and empirical testing data. In this research, a nonlinear transient dynamic analysis is developed and established via NASTRAN advanced nonlinear finite element model (FEM) to simulate the worst-case loading condition. Under the appropriate loading analysis, the eye-bar and contact patch region theory were then utilized to simulate the tire and nose wheel interface more accurately. The open geometry of the nose landing gear was also optimized to minimize the effect of stress concentration. The result of this research is conformed to the FAA’s regulations and bound to have an impact on the design and development of small and large aircraft’s landing gear for both near and distant future. Thesis University of North Florida UNF aircraft landing gear Applied Mechanics Aviation Safety and Security Computer-Aided Engineering and Design Dynamics and Dynamical Systems Engineering Mechanics Operational Research Risk Analysis Structures and Materials
43	Procedury certifikace letišť, dle požadavků EASA / Procedures for aerodrome certification, required by EASA Jaša, Marek January 2015 (has links) The master´s thesis targets to compile summary document for aerodrome certification by EASA requirements and to create methodology for application of these documents. Master´s thesis consists of three main parts. In the first part is described national legislation, which in general regulates condition for civil aviation. There is also specified current legislation, by which the conditions for aerodrome certification are set. The second part of the thesis involves EASA requirements in field of aerodrome certification. There is described organisation structure of agency, information about its emergence and field of occupation. The certification process is analysed in the main part of the thesis. Moreover there is demonstrated the probable schedule of the certification process in the Czech republic and the documents, that should be issued.
44	STATE-BASED ANALYSIS OF GENERAL AVIATION LOSS OF CONTROL ACCIDENTS USING HISTORICAL DATA AND PILOTS’ PERSPECTIVES Neelakshi Majumdar (5930741) 22 April 2023 (has links) <p>General Aviation (GA) encompasses all aircraft operations, excluding scheduled, military, and commercial operations. GA accidents comprise approximately 94% of all aviation accidents in the United States annually. 75% of these accidents involve pilot-related factors (pilot actions or conditions). Inflight loss of control means that the flight crew was unable to maintain control of the aircraft in flight. With almost 50% of loss of control accidents being fatal yearly, it continues to be the deadliest cause of GA accidents.</p> <p><br></p> <p>The most common approach to understanding accident causation is analyzing historical data from sources such as the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) database. The NTSB database has abundant rich information. In contrast to the extensive investigations into and detailed reports on commercial aviation accidents, GA accident investigations tend to be shorter, and the resulting reports tend to be brief and limited—especially regarding human factors’ role in accidents. Only relying on historical data cannot provide a complete understanding of accident causation.</p> <p><br></p> <p>There is a clear need to better understand the role of human factors involved in GA accidents to prevent such accidents and thus improve aviation safety. In my research, I focus on a specific type of accidents, inflight loss of control (LOC-I), the deadliest cause of GA accidents. I use historical data analysis and human-subjects research with pilots to investigate the role of human factors in loss of control accidents. Building on previous work, I created a state-based modeling framework that maximizes data extraction and insight formation from the NTSB accident reports by (1) developing a structured modeling language to represent accident causation in the form of states and triggers; (2) populating the language lexicon of states and triggers using insights from accident reports and pilots perspectives via surveys and interviews; and (3) applying Natural Language Processing (NLP) and machine learning techniques to automatically translate accident narratives into the language lexicon. The framework is focused on LOC-I but can be extended to other types of accidents. Findings from my study may help in consistent accident analysis, better accident reporting, and improving training methods and operating procedures for GA pilots.</p> Systems engineering Natural language processing Deep learning Aviation Safety Human Factors Aerospace Engineering Human-subjects Research Deep Learning Machine Learning Natural Language Processing Aviation Accidents Accident Modeling Surveys & Questionnaires Interviews Pilot Factors
45	L’Union européenne et l’ordre international de l’aviation civile : la contribution de l'Union européenne aux évolutions contemporaines du droit aérien international / The European Union and International Civil Aviation : the contribution of the European Union to modern developments in International Aviation Law Correia, Vincent 10 December 2012 (has links) La redéfinition des conditions d’exercice de la souveraineté aérienne des États membres, par un transfert progressif de compétences au profit de l’Union européenne, ne peut être analysée uniquement en termes de dépossession et de réduction de leur puissance individuelle. Les compétences aériennes confiées à l’Union permettent l’affirmation de l’ensemble européen sur la scène internationale. Ce processus, mouvant et encore inachevé, se traduit par une prise en compte accrue de la spécificité européenne en matière d’aviation civile. Malgré des réticences certaines émanant aussi bien des États membres que des États tiers, l’Union s’érige progressivement au rang d’acteur de poids, capable d’influencer le contenu normatif du droit aérien contemporain, de la même manière que le font les puissances aériennes traditionnelles et notamment les États-Unis. Ces nouvelles tendances, révélatrices de la souplesse et de la plasticité de la convention de Chicago, permettent de dresser des perspectives quant aux possibles évolutions futures de l’ordre international de l’aviation civile. / The way in which the Member States have redefined the conditions regarding how they exercise their air sovereignty, by progressively transferring power to the European Union, cannot be viewed solely as them removing and reducing their individual powers. The powers conferred to the European Union in aviation matters are resulting in an affirmation of the international role of Europe as a whole. This on-going, and as yet incomplete process, may be seen in a greater recognition of the specific European aspect regarding Civil Aviation. In spite of the hesitance of Member States and non-member States, the European Union has progressively taken its place among the key players, able to influence developments in modern aviation law, in the same way as other established aviation authorities and especially the United States. These new trends reveal the flexibility and elasticity of the Chicago Convention and the potential future developments in International Civil Aviation. Accords « Ciel ouvert » Accords mixtes Ciel unique Convergence règlementaire Compétences externes Droit aérien Droit public Droit de l’Union européenne Liberté d’établissement Principe de coopération loyale Principe de souveraineté aérienne Reconnaissance par les tiers Régionalisme aérien Relations de voisinage Relations transatlantiques Sécurité aérienne Territoire de l’Union européenne « open skies » agreements Mixed agreements European aviation safety agency Single European sky Nationality clauses Regulatory convergence External competence Aviation law Public law Law of the European Union Liberalization of air carriage Freedom of establishment Internal market of civil aviation Duty of co-operation Principle of air sovereignty International recognition Regionalism in civil aviation Neighbourhood relations Transatlantic relations Aviation safety The territory of the European Union 340

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