Ett lyckat arbete enligt BBIC? – Socialsekreterares syn på dokumentationssystemet BBIC – Barns behov i centrum Maria Schyllander och Julia Olsson Den kvalitativt förankrade studiens syfte var att erhålla fördjupad kunskap kring socialsekreterares uppfattningar gällande dokumentations- och handläggningssystemet BBIC, Barns Behov I Centrum. Studiens frågeställningar fokuserade på att se hur organisation och handlingsutrymme är förenade med arbetet enligt BBIC. Kvalitativa intervjuer med socialsekreterare som arbetar med barnavårdsutredningar genomfördes och data analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys, organisationsteori och handlingsutrymme. Huvudresultatet visade att socialsekreterarna var positivt inställda till att använda ett dokumentationssystem i utredningsarbetet men att BBIC var omfattande och tidskrävande. Organisatoriska förutsättningar och handlingsutrymmet var betydande för arbetet med BBIC. Varken handlingsutrymme eller organisation var anpassat till BBIC och arbetet med BBIC var inte utformat efter organisatoriska villkor. BBIC som dokumentations- och handläggningssystem i det sociala barnavårdsarbetet uppfattades som en bra grund men med ett behov av revidering och förändring. / A successful work according to BBIC? – Social workers’ view on BBIC – a Swedish child investigation system Maria Schyllander and Julia Olsson BBIC (Children’s Need In Focus) is a Swedish system used in child welfare investigations which was brought from the British method Integrated Children’s System, ICS. The aim of this thesis was to receive increased knowledge of attitudes towards the system from social workers point of view. Qualitative interviews with social workers working with child welfare investigations were performed and analysed using qualitative content analysis and theoretical concepts according organisation and the space of action. The main result showed that social workers were in favour of working with a system during the investigation, but that BBIC is time consuming due to the magnitude of the system. Organisational conditions and the space of action were important while working according to BBIC. Neither the space of action nor the organisation was adapted to BBIC and BBIC was not designed after the organisational conditions. BBIC as documentation and management systems in the social child care was perceived as a good foundation but in need for revision and change.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka socialsekreterares erfarenheter av BBIC (Barns behov i centrum) beträffande barns delaktighet i utredningsprocessen. Den insamlade datan har analyserats med begreppen standardisering och professionell diskretion, vilka är hämtade ur professionsteori. Data har samlats in genom intervjuer och analyserat med innehållsanalys. Resultatet visade att BBIC är ett hjälpsamt verktyg gällande att uppmana socialsekreteraren att göra barn delaktiga i utredningar. Resultatet visade däremot att BBIC endast tillgodoser sitt syfte att göra barn delaktiga så länge handläggaren tar sitt ansvar för detta. Resultatet visade vidare att de fanns problem och begränsningar avseende BBIC gällde svårigheter att enbart använda detta instrument, instrumentet behövde alltid kompletteras med andra verktyg. Egna tillvägagångssätt hos den enskilda socialsekreteraren visade sig vara ett viktigt komplement vid sidan av BBIC för att tillgodose barnets delaktighet under utredningar. Undersökningens slutsats var att grundprincipen om barns delaktighet inte enbart uppfylls genom BBIC; utan den praktiska tillämpningen genom socialsekreteraren är av stor betydelse. Således krävs andra komplement vid sidan av BBIC för att barns delaktighet ska tillgodoses. / The purpose of the study was to examine social workers' experiences of BBIC (The needs of the child) regarding involving children in the investigation process. Collected data has been analyzed using the concepts of standardization and professional discretion, which are taken from professional theory. Data have been collected through interviews and analyzed with content analysis. The results showed that BBIC is a helpful tool to encourage the social secretary to involve children in the investigations. The results showed, however, that BBIC only fulfills its purpose of involving children if the social secretary takes responsibility for the child's involvement. The results further showed that problems and limitations that existed with BBIC indicated that it was difficult to use by itself and always needed to be supplemented with other tools. The individual social secretary's own approach turned out to be an important complement alongside BBIC to achieve the child's participation in the investigations. The conclusion of the study was that the basic principle of child participation cannot only be fulfilled through BBIC; but the practical application through the social secretary is significant. Thus, other complements are required in addition to BBIC in order for the fundamental principle of children's participation to be attained.

Socialsekreterare som arbetar med barnavårdsutredningar börjar se barnen alltmer som egna individer och tar del av barnens berättelser och åsikter. Socialstyrelsen har utarbetat modellen BBIC som står för “Barns behov i Centrum”. Syftet med BBIC är att stärka barns delaktighet i utredningar, vilket pågår i flera kommuner runt om i Sverige. BBIC har sin grund från den engelska modellen Looking After Children System (LACS). Vår kandidatuppsats handlar om att undersöka socialsekreterarens uppfattningar och syn på BBIC under utredning av barn inom individ- och familjeomsorgen. Även hur socialsekretare beskriver hur det är att arbeta med BBIC som dokumentationssystem för att lyfta fram barnets röst och göra barn delaktiga i barnavårdsutredningar. Vår uppsats gjordes genom kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med tre socialsekreterare som hade erfarenhet att handlägga utredningar som rör barn. Urvalsmetoden som använts är bekvämlighetsurval. Större delen av de resultat som framkommit i denna undersökning har bekräftats av tidigare forskning. Undersökningen visade att socialsekreterarna överlag anser att BBIC lyfter fram ett tydligare barnperspektiv. Däremot visar det även att det förekommer en del nackdelar och svårigheter med systemet, bland annat ansågs datasystemet otympligt samt dokumentationssystemet alltför omfattande.

<p>In 2007 a project began in the Uppsala region, which aimed to help municipalities implement BBIC (Barns behov i centrum). BBIC is a system that helps social workers increase children’s participation in investigations relating to social work. This study follows up on BBIC’s implementation process in Enköping, a municipality in the Uppsala region. The overarching aim of this study is to highlight the implementation of BBIC in Enköping and more specifically the social workers’ experiences in making children participate. One of the studied topics is whether the social workers think they have adequate and sufficient resources to make children participatory. The study is qualitative and has been conducted through interviews with eight social workers in Enköping who use BBIC daily. For this study Shiers’ model of participation for children and implementation theory has been used as a theoretical perspective. These theories were chosen since they aid in exploring the social workers’ experiences and whether or not they can increase children’s participation, and if the social workers think they have the organizational resources needed to use BBIC. The results show that the social workers can make children participatory, but they also show that participation varies due to lack of organizational resources, such as time, workspace and education.</p>

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>To take the role of another is an important and a central part of human interaction. When we take the role of another we not only learn about them but also we learn about ourselves and how we interact with other people.  Social work in this form, working with directly with families in crises, is much about understanding other people’s perspective and feelings. It is important to know the strategy of one’s work and which perspective to work from. Every child in the world should have the right to grow up in a healthy environment. According to Harriet Ward there are seven basic needs that are considered universal for all children. These basic needs are health, education, identity, social presentation, emotional- and behavioral development, family and social relations and self care skills. The staff that I interviewed takes on child perspective and uses BBIC (Barns Behov I Centrum) as a guideline in their work. All children in Sweden are protected by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and thereby have legal rights to claim. If a child’s mother or father or any other near relative can take care of them or need help to straight out their family situation, society needs to step in and take the child under protection. To work so that children who lives in a unhealthy and exposed world can get a better life, is a challenge and requires help from the children’s family, relatives, friends, school, neighbors, social services and so on. Our society has a responsibility towards these children.</p>

<p>Abstract</p><p>The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare has since a year or so started to introduce a new way to work with childcare investigations within the social services. This new concept, BBIC, is meant to put the child’s needs in the first room rather than the grownup’s as it used to be before. This study is about to examine how BBIC affects the legal security of the children within these childcare investigations.</p><p>BBIC was first developed in England after a massive criticism against the way that the foster home- and institutional care was handled. In Sweden, BBIC was first tested and developed into Swedish conditions in a few project municipalities for about five years but is now being introduced all over the country. This is also one of the most important purposes with BBIC, that every childcare investigation within the country is based on the same formula. For help, the social workers have a triangle, which contains three different areas of different basic needs that the child requires. The triangle, together with several forms, gives the social workers the tools to give more attention to what kind of measure the child really requires to get its basic needs satisfied.</p><p>To find out how BBIC affects the legal security of the children within childcare investigations, we decided to make this essay interdisciplinary. This means that apart from the legal approach, we’ve also used a psychological method to base an empirical ground. The empirical material consists of interviews with persons that in different ways are working with BBIC. These interviews are then used together with the theoretical part of the study, to form an analysis. This study is not meant to generalize, but to give a glimpse of the reality and create an understanding for the complexity in these matters.</p><p>The theoretical part of the study handles among other things, the United Nations convention on the rights of the child. This convention is of great importance every time interference in a child’s living conditions are made. The two articles of importance in this paper are article 3 about the best interests of the child, and article 12 about the child’s right to freedom of expression. We’re also examining the different laws in the subject area to find out whether BBIC agrees to the laws or not. The delimitations of this study are that we’re only examining BBIC considering the Swedish conditions, and neither will we examine any court proceedings.</p>

Abstract To take the role of another is an important and a central part of human interaction. When we take the role of another we not only learn about them but also we learn about ourselves and how we interact with other people.  Social work in this form, working with directly with families in crises, is much about understanding other people’s perspective and feelings. It is important to know the strategy of one’s work and which perspective to work from. Every child in the world should have the right to grow up in a healthy environment. According to Harriet Ward there are seven basic needs that are considered universal for all children. These basic needs are health, education, identity, social presentation, emotional- and behavioral development, family and social relations and self care skills. The staff that I interviewed takes on child perspective and uses BBIC (Barns Behov I Centrum) as a guideline in their work. All children in Sweden are protected by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and thereby have legal rights to claim. If a child’s mother or father or any other near relative can take care of them or need help to straight out their family situation, society needs to step in and take the child under protection. To work so that children who lives in a unhealthy and exposed world can get a better life, is a challenge and requires help from the children’s family, relatives, friends, school, neighbors, social services and so on. Our society has a responsibility towards these children.

Abstract The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare has since a year or so started to introduce a new way to work with childcare investigations within the social services. This new concept, BBIC, is meant to put the child’s needs in the first room rather than the grownup’s as it used to be before. This study is about to examine how BBIC affects the legal security of the children within these childcare investigations. BBIC was first developed in England after a massive criticism against the way that the foster home- and institutional care was handled. In Sweden, BBIC was first tested and developed into Swedish conditions in a few project municipalities for about five years but is now being introduced all over the country. This is also one of the most important purposes with BBIC, that every childcare investigation within the country is based on the same formula. For help, the social workers have a triangle, which contains three different areas of different basic needs that the child requires. The triangle, together with several forms, gives the social workers the tools to give more attention to what kind of measure the child really requires to get its basic needs satisfied. To find out how BBIC affects the legal security of the children within childcare investigations, we decided to make this essay interdisciplinary. This means that apart from the legal approach, we’ve also used a psychological method to base an empirical ground. The empirical material consists of interviews with persons that in different ways are working with BBIC. These interviews are then used together with the theoretical part of the study, to form an analysis. This study is not meant to generalize, but to give a glimpse of the reality and create an understanding for the complexity in these matters. The theoretical part of the study handles among other things, the United Nations convention on the rights of the child. This convention is of great importance every time interference in a child’s living conditions are made. The two articles of importance in this paper are article 3 about the best interests of the child, and article 12 about the child’s right to freedom of expression. We’re also examining the different laws in the subject area to find out whether BBIC agrees to the laws or not. The delimitations of this study are that we’re only examining BBIC considering the Swedish conditions, and neither will we examine any court proceedings.

It is a qualitative study that describes and analyzes how professionals deal with social issues of inclusiveness and ethics in the investigation of cases involving interventions for adolescents. The focus is on the strategies that staff in social services expressed in terms of obstacles and opportunities for working participatively and especially when it comes to dealing with ethical dilemmas that may arise.     The method used was qualitative research interviews. Five social workers from two different municipalities were interviewed and the material is analyzed on the basis of socio-cultural theory and organizational theory. Themes that emerged were participation, ethics, discretion and flexibility, collaboration, organization, skills and time. The main obstacles that have emerged in the study are that those who work in social services have had been difficulties to fully create participation due to various factors. The study has shown that organizational factors, limited room for maneuver, and time has a huge impact and can be seen as a threat towards quality and job involvement. The main conditions that have emerged in the study is that discretion, knowledge and experience as an opportunity to create participation.

In 2007 a project began in the Uppsala region, which aimed to help municipalities implement BBIC (Barns behov i centrum). BBIC is a system that helps social workers increase children’s participation in investigations relating to social work. This study follows up on BBIC’s implementation process in Enköping, a municipality in the Uppsala region. The overarching aim of this study is to highlight the implementation of BBIC in Enköping and more specifically the social workers’ experiences in making children participate. One of the studied topics is whether the social workers think they have adequate and sufficient resources to make children participatory. The study is qualitative and has been conducted through interviews with eight social workers in Enköping who use BBIC daily. For this study Shiers’ model of participation for children and implementation theory has been used as a theoretical perspective. These theories were chosen since they aid in exploring the social workers’ experiences and whether or not they can increase children’s participation, and if the social workers think they have the organizational resources needed to use BBIC. The results show that the social workers can make children participatory, but they also show that participation varies due to lack of organizational resources, such as time, workspace and education.