Cloud computing, a current IT trend, is becoming more integrated in companies’ strategies and also increasingly important for firms. Thus, many organizations have or are considering implementing cloud services. Banks, however, tend to not adopt cloud computing at the same pace as other industries. Therefore, it is of interest to increase the understanding of which factors that obstruct or foster an adoption of cloud computing in the banking industry in Sweden. These factors have been examined from a bank and external perspective, through interviews with IT personnel from the four big banks in Sweden, external IT consultants, authorities (Finansinspektionen and Datainspektionen) and Svenska Bankföreningen. The empirical findings have been analyzed in accordance with Tornatzky and Fleischer’s (1990) TOE framework - technology, organization and external task environment. There were eleven key factors found in this study, which are the following: 1) Integration, Lack of competence, Sensitive information, Heritage, Employee resistance, Miscommunication, Size and structure, Common heritage, Standard agreements, New actors and Regulations. 2) All the factors, except New actors, were shown to obstruct and delay an adoption of cloud computing for traditional banks in Sweden. 3) It was found that all these key factors interlink with each other in some sense.

This study basically analyzes timing, sequencing and pace of the financial liberalization experience of the Turkish economy in the 1980s and evaluates its implications for the crises in the Turkish economy since the 1990s. The objectives of this study are threefold: Firstly, it aims to reveal the main policy objectives and political factors pushing the government to take capital account liberalization decision in 1989. It is concluded that domestic decision makers have shaped and taken the decision of capital account liberalization in 1989, while the interaction of economic and political factors has played a major role in its timing. Secondly, it examines the extent to which economic and political institutional weaknesses in the Turkish economy, which generated inappropriate sequencing of financial liberalization policies in the 1980s, can be held responsible for the crises of 2000 and 2001 crises. It is concluded that financial liberalization policies were inappropriately sequenced, as domestic financial market and capital account liberalization were not accompanied or preceded by macroeconomic stability and financial sector institutional reforms such as prudential regulation and supervision of the banking sector. These factors have been instrumental in the crises episodes in Turkey through contributing to an environment conducive to crises. Thirdly, it aims to analyze whether there exists a clear association between weaknesses in the regulation and supervision of the banking sector and banking crises through an empirical analysis. It is concluded that the nature of the banking crises is more associated with the institutional structure of the financial system rather than macroeconomic conditions of the economy.

本文研究目的是在動態隨機一般均衡模型當中，加入銀行體系，並以台灣的參數值加以模擬，進一步討論台灣的最適貨幣政策。首先以均衡解進行分析，討論銀行體系如何影響台灣的經濟體，另外，本文探討四種貨幣政策，包含貨幣總數法則，利率法則，其中利率法則包含三種目標：CPI膨脹率目標、國內商品物價膨脹目標及名目匯率目標，模擬結果發現央行使用貨幣總數法則對經濟體的福利大於其他法則，且有助於穩定產出、物價、匯率的波動，另外，提高資本的移動程度以及提高貿易開放程度並不會改變政策福利排序的結果。 / The objective of this paper is to investigate the optimal monetary policy of Taiwan by using a micro-based dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model with the banking sector. The results of steady state show that how the banking sector affects the Taiwanese economy. Furthermore, comparing the performance of alternative monetary policies, the monetary aggregate growth rate rule leads to the highest welfare and lowest volatility of output, inflation rates and exchange rate. It may be the optimal monetary policy of Taiwan. Also, with high degree of capital market friction and highly open market, the rank of these rules is the same.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:52:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 875.pdf: 821747 bytes, checksum: 63dc0e699022ca0ddbc8d228e4bc7e3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-08 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The banking sector was one of the brazilian economy s sector which most provoked unemployment in the beggining of the 90s. At the same decade, it was possible to see, in the economic and social scenery, the rise of corporate social responsibilitty s practices in which the social actions, aiming the workers are included. The relation between the social and the capital is a discussion that crosses centuries and it is always presented as a contradictory relation. This research aims to understand if the contradition between the social (represented by the corporate social responsibilities practices) and the capital does exist by analysing the bankers discourse. The analysis of the social reports and interviews were necessary to reach this objective. The results obtained demonstrate that, the social logic implanted in the corporate social responsibilities practices inserts itself in the financial social logic of corporative governance, opening ways to a financial sociology s approach in the banking sector. / O setor bancário foi um dos setores da economia brasileira que mais provocou demissões no início dos anos noventa. Em meados desta mesma década observa-se no cenário econômico e social, a ascensão das práticas de responsabilidade social empresarial nas quais se incluem as ações sociais voltadas para o quadro interno da empresa, ou seja, seus colaboradores. A relação entre o capital e o social é uma discussão que atravessa séculos e é comumente apresentada como uma relação contraditória. Esta pesquisa procura compreender, através do discurso dos banqueiros se existe esta relação de contradição entre o social (responsabilidade social empresarial) e o capital no setor bancário. Para isso, utilizou-se de análise dos balanços sociais, de entrevistas e pesquisa documental. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a lógica social, implantada nas práticas de responsabilidade social do setor bancário, se insere na lógica social financeira da governança corporativa, abrindo caminhos para uma abordagem da sociologia das finanças neste setor

O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar a distribuição regional do crédito no estado do Rio de Janeiro, em particular o comportamento de agências e a distribuição do movimento financeiro bancário, e suas relações com a dinâmica de desenvolvimento econômico no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Para cumprir com este objetivo foram construídos indicadores a partir de dados relativos à atividade econômica e do balanço consolidado das agências bancárias dos 92 municípios fluminenses para o período de 2000 a 2009. Através da análise destes indicadores conclui-se que a despeito da forte concentração econômica e de crédito na região metropolitana do estado do Rio de Janeiro, as cidades do interior vem apresentando um dinamismo diferenciado evidenciando certa tendência à desconcentração do crédito, acompanhando a tendência de desconcentração econômica, reforçando a relação entre desenvolvimento econômico e financeiro e a concepção de que o movimento financeiro se concentra no entorno de cidades de forte dinamismo econômico. / The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the regional distribution of credit in the state of Rio de Janeiro, in particular the behavior of agencies and the distribution of financial turnover banking and its relations with the dynamics of economic development in the state of Rio de Janeiro. To reach this objective, indicators were built from data on economic activity and the consolidated balance sheet of banks of 92 municipalities of Rio de Janeiro for the period 2000 to 2009. Through the analysis of these indicators is concluded that despite the strong economic concentration and credit in the metropolitan area of the state of Rio de Janeiro, the inner cities have shown a dynamic differentiated from the metropolitan area showing a certain tendency towards decentralization of credit, following the trend of economic decentralization, strengthening the link between economic and financial development and the design that focuses on financial flow around cities with strong economic dynamism.

A Responsabilidade Social Corporativa vem ganhando destaque nas empresas, no governo, na sociedade e no campo acadêmico. Apesar disso, ainda não é possível identificar uma definição comum ou um conjunto de princípios centrais sobre o assunto. Pesquisadores ainda discutem o que significa ser socialmente responsável ou mesmo se as empresas devem ter responsabilidades sociais. Outra discussão se refere aos impactos financeiros da Responsabilidade Social Corporativa. Enquanto alguns autores afirmam que a adoção de práticas socioambientais melhora o desempenho financeiro, outros defendem que as práticas são geradoras de custos que as empresas nunca vão recuperar. Diante dessa discussão, diversos autores argumentam que o simples engajamento, em atividades consideradas socialmente responsáveis, não garante a geração de benefícios às empresas, mas, sim, se as práticas estiverem alinhadas com a Estratégia. Diante disso, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo estudar como é feito o alinhamento entre Responsabilidade Social Corporativa e Estratégia. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, foi feita a fundamentação teórica sobre o tema e a pesquisa de campo, em empresa do setor bancário, reconhecida por boas práticas de Responsabilidade Social Corporativa. O estudo é exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, e realizado por meio da estratégia de Estudo de Caso. Os dados primários foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e, os dados secundários, por meio dos relatórios de Sustentabilidade da empresa estudada e de relatórios de outras instituições que atuam com o tema no setor bancário. Os resultados mostraram que, atualmente, a empresa lida com a Responsabilidade Social Corporativa por meio do conceito de Sustentabilidade e adota uma postura proativa. Os responsáveis pelo pensamento estratégico da empresa reconhecem a importância do tema e promovem mudanças em suas estratégias, alterando visões de longo prazo, estruturas organizacionais e práticas de negócios. O processo de alinhamento do tema com a Estratégia da empresa vem sendo feito, principalmente, por meio do diálogo com stakeholders; da escolha de questões consideradas estratégicas; do envolvimento da alta gestão e das diversas áreas de negócios e do monitoramento de resultados. O estudo contribui com a formação do constructo de Responsabilidade Social Corporativa e com a distinção entre esse conceito e o de Sustentabilidade. Além disso, contribui para ampliar o conhecimento sobre as implicações estratégicas da Responsabilidade Social Corporativa e da complexa relação entre Desempenho Financeiro e Desempenho Social. A pesquisa também aponta algumas barreiras para gestão das questões socioambientais. A principal delas é a falta de conhecimento e de ferramentas práticas para lidar com o tema. / Corporate Social Responsibility is gaining prominence in business, in government, in society and in the academic field. Nevertheless, it is still not possible to identify a common definition or a set of core principles about the subject. Researchers still debate the means of being socially responsible or even whether companies should have social responsibilities. Another discussion refers to the financial impacts of Corporate Social Responsibility. While some authors claim that the adoption of social and environmental practices improve financial performance, others argue that the practices generates costs that businesses will never recover. Given this discussion, several authors argue that the mere engagement in activities considered socially responsible, does not guarantee the generation of benefits to businesses, but rather whether the practices are aligned with the Strategy. Thus, the present work aims to study how the alignment between Corporate Social Responsibility and Strategy is designed. To reach that goal, the theoretical foundation was made on the subject, followed by a field research in a bank company, recognized for best practices in Corporate Social Responsibility. The study is exploratory, qualitative approached and conducted by Case Study. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews and secondary data through the Sustainability Reports of the investigated company and through reports from other institutions that work with the theme in the banking sector. The results showed that, currently, the company deals with the Corporate Social Responsibility through the concept of Sustainability and adopts a proactive posture. Those responsible for the strategic thinking of the company recognize the importance of the issue and promote changes in their strategies, changing long-term visions, organizational structures and business practices. The process of aligning the subject with the Strategy of the company is done primarily through dialogue with stakeholders, the choice of issues considered strategic, the involvement of senior management and the various business areas and monitoring results. The study contributes to the formation of the construct of Corporate Social Responsibility and the distinction between this concept and Sustainability. Moreover, contribute to increase the knowledge about the strategic implications of Corporate Social Responsibility and the complex relationship between Financial Performance and Social Performance. The survey also indicates some barriers to the management of social and environmental issues. The main one is the lack of knowledge and practical tools to deal with the issue.

Esta tese propõe a seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: como estará caracterizado o ambiente competitivo dos bancos comerciais no Brasil nos próximos 10 anos e quais as principais estratégias e recursos que lhes habilitarão a competir nesse horizonte de tempo? Para respondê-la, pôs-se o objetivo geral de analisar as principais variáveis de configuração do ambiente competitivo dos bancos comerciais no Brasil e as possíveis estratégias competitivas correspondentes no referido horizonte de tempo. As abordagens de pesquisa utilizadas foram entrevistas semiestruturadas e um painel Delphi com treze especialistas do setor bancário: executivos, gestores, analistas e acadêmicos. A partir de uma análise de conteúdo aplicada sobre as respostas do roteiro, os principais resultados evidenciados são: tendência de uma crescente regionalização dos bancos brasileiros para a América Latina, associada a uma internacionalização para o continente africano; uma tendência de manutenção da concentração da indústria no País, com restritos espaços de atuação para bancos de pequeno e médio portes; possíveis disrupções na arena de competição devidas a novas tecnologias que impactam no modelo de negócios dos bancos, até de setores pouco relacionados à intermediação; consolidação do telefone celular como principal catalisador das transações bancárias e meios de pagamento. A consolidação das perspectivas registradas no painel Delphi não só confirmam os resultados supracitados, mas aponta que, nessa indústria, a governança, marca e reputação são os ativos intangíveis considerados os mais importantes para a competitividade dos bancos no futuro. Segue-se a eficiência em custos, esta possível não só por tecnologias de acesso pelo cliente, mas por uma extensiva revisão de processos nas operações e na gestão do relacionamento com o cliente. A pesquisa dá suporte a argumentos teóricos acerca da efemeridade de grupos estratégicos e contribui para a discussão e escolha de indicadores coerentes para a mensuração da vantagem competitiva em bancos comerciais. / This dissertation proposes the following research question: how will the competitive environment of commercial banks in Brazil be featured over the next ten years and what are the main strategies and resources that will enable them to compete in that time horizon? To answer it, it was established the overall objective of analyzing the main configuration variables of the competitive environment of commercial banks in Brazil and conceivable corresponding competitive strategies in that time horizon. The research approaches used were semi-structured interviews and a Delphi Panel with Thirteen experts from banking industry: executives, managers, analysts and academics. From a content analysis applied over responses, the main results are: tendency of a growing regionalization of Brazilian banks to Latin America, associated with an internationalization for the African continent; a tendency of enduring concentration of the industry in the country, with restricted operation gaps for small and medium banks; possible disruptions in the competitive arena due to the impact of new technologies on the prevailing banking business model, even from little brokering-related sectors; consolidation of the cell phone as the main catalyst of bank transactions and means of payment. The consolidation of the registered Delphi panel perspectives not only confirm the aforementioned results, but points out that, in this industry, governance, brand and reputation are intangible assets considered most important for the competitiveness of banks in the future. It follows cost efficiency, possible not only thanks to client-access technologies, but also to an extensive review of operations processes and customer relationship management. The research supports the theoretical arguments about the ephemerality of strategic groups and contributes to the discussion and choice of consistent indicators for the measurement of competitive advantage in commercial banks.

The thesis investigates the nature of the relationship between the banking sector depth and long-term economic growth in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) States, assesses the banking sector development status in each of the States, and underlines the policy implications in the light of the banking-growth nexus and the banking development benchmarking models’ findings for the region by undertaking three projects. The thesis examines the nature of the relationship between banking sector depth and long-term economic growth in the NRBC—as a proxy for the GCC States— vis-à-vis the rest of the world countries. For the empirical investigation, a dynamic panel data approach, i.e. Generalised Method of Moments (GMM), is adopted over the period 1961 to 2013. By utilising mixed effects and System GMM frameworks, the research identifies the countries with the strongest banking-growth relationships and establishes the banking sector development determinants in those countries. Employing a novel benchmarking process, the thesis assesses the status of the banking sector development in each of the GCC member countries and simulates the change in the banking sector depth across the Gulf region over a period of ten years to highlight the potential policy implications for the sector development. The findings of the thesis suggest that the relationship between banking sector depth and long-term economic growth in the NRBC is non-linear, where the relationship between the banking sector depth and economic growth turns from positive to negative beyond certain levels of sector depth. In comparison to other countries, the results indicate that the banking-growth nexus in the NRBC exhibits a smaller total effect magnitude as well as a shorter time between the change in the sector depth and its effect on economic growth. The benchmarking of the banking sectors in the GCC region suggests that in five of the six member countries the banking sectors are underdeveloped. The simulation results predict that the banking sectors will develop further in half of the countries in the region, given their current levels of banking sector development determinants, while two countries require reforms in terms of undertaking regulations and policies to avoid seeing their sector development levels deteriorate. The thesis contributes to theory by confirming findings in the literature and expanding the body of knowledge through novel findings. This research also contributes to policy by demonstrating the significance of the banking sector development for long-term economic growth in the NRBC, providing policymakers in the Gulf States with the status of their banking sectors, and underlining the banking sector depth determinants that ought to be considered when setting regulations and policies that are aimed at developing the banking sector further.

The subject of the diploma thesis "Analysis of Systemically Important Italian Banks and the overall stability of the banking sector" is the analysis of the current situation and the latest developments in the Italian banking sector with a focus on systemically important institutions. The first part describes the general state of current banking in Italy after the global crisis, including a brief historical introduction and pre-crisis development. It provides information on entity and ownership structure, capital adequacy and liquidity, and the overall structure of assets and liabilities of the sector. Particular attention is paid to the problem of non-performing loans and the impact on banks' profitability. The second part begins with the definition of systemically important banks and focuses on the analysis of individual banks with an emphasis on those systemically important. In the bank's stability and health assessment, the development of the portfolios of non-performing loans is highlighted. The final part of the thesis deals with the summary of Italian banking problems and assesses the stability of the sector in the context of the euro area.

Ce travail a pour finalité d'analyser l'évolution de la GRH au sein des entreprises marocaines vers l'avènement d'une nouvelle tendance « Talents », en prenant le cas du secteur bancaire. Ce secteur connaît actuellement un contexte concurrentiel rude, notamment en présence d'une conjoncture économique difficile, une crise financière internationale, et un turn-over important. Nous avons choisi une méthodologie qualitative qui fait appel à des échanges, des entretiens en face à face, et aussi téléphoniques, réalisés sur le terrain. Cette thèse vise à comprendre l'approche « Talents » non seulement du point de vue de l'entreprise, mais également de la discerner telle que nous pouvons l'apercevoir chez le salarié. En effet, l'évolution actuelle de la mondialisation peut être repérée dans plusieurs domaines, et principalement dans les marchés financiers. Cela entraine certes des changements dans le fonctionnement de ce secteur. D'où l'apparition des nouvelles pratiques RH. L'objectif principal de la présente recherche est de voir si la gestion des talents peut s'imposer au sein des entreprises marocaines comme une nouvelle pratique de la GRH. Pour ce faire, nous allons tout d'abord déterminer la politique actuelle mise en place par les banques en termes de GRH, puis nous allons essayer de discerner la place de la nouvelle tendance « Talents » au sein de celles-ci, et enfin, nous allons analyser les résultats obtenus, et confirmer ou infirmer les hypothèses formulées à la lumière de notre étude empirique. Les résultats de ce travail peuvent faire l'objet de recommandations pratiques aux banques marocaines, afin de revoir leur politique RH, et de faire face aux enjeux actuels. / The purpose of this work is to analyze the evolution of HRM in the Moroccan companies to the advent of a new trend "Talents", taking the case of the banking sector. This sector is currently experiencing a severe competitive environment, particularly in the presence of a difficult economic environment, international financial crisis, and high turnover. We chose a qualitative methodology that involves exchanges, face-to-face discussion or phone interview. This thesis aims to understand the "Talents" not only in terms of business approach, but also to discern it as we can perceive it from the employee. Indeed, the current evolution of globalization can be spotted in several areas, especially in the financial markets. This certainly leads to changes in the functioning of this sector. Hence the appearance of new HR practices. The main objective of this research is to see if the talent management may be required in Moroccan companies as a new practice of HRM. To do this, we will first determine the current policy implemented by banks in terms of HRM, then we will try to discern the place of the new trend "Talents" in them, and finally, we will analyze the results and confirm or refute the hypotheses that have been mad of our empirical study. The results of this work may be of practical recommendations to Moroccan banks to review their HR policies, and cope the current issues.