O sistema Holter é considerado padrão ouro para detecção de arritmias cardíacas, possibilitando o seu diagnóstico e sua relação com os sintomas do paciente. As novas gerações de marcapassos (MP) detectam e registram eletrogramas intracavitários e poderiam dispensar o Holter no seguimento dos pacientes. Os diferentes MP dispõem de algoritmos de detecção de arritmias ventriculares (AV) que variam de acordo com o modelo e sua correlação diagnóstica com Holter foi pouco estudada. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar 1. a correlação entre o monitor de eventos dos MP e do Holter na detecção de AV e 2. a concordância das AV detectadas nos dois sistemas. Foram estudados129 pacientes portadores de MP com função de detecção de arritmias, com idade média de 68,6+19.1 anos (entre 19 e 94), 54,8% do sexo feminino. Os pacientes foram submetidos à monitorização com Holter por 72 horas. Assim que o sistema foi ligado, os contadores de eventos dos marcapassos foram reiniciados e os relógios sincronizados, para que ambos os sistemas detectassem os eventos simultaneamente. Os MP foram programados para detecção de eventos com o menor valor de frequência ventricular (FV) e o menor número de batimentos sequenciais (BT) possíveis. Depois de 72 horas, os sistemas Holter foram retirados e os registros analisados, assim como os registros simultâneos dos gravadores dos MP. Foram qualificados como eventos arrítmicos no Holter e MP, respectivamente: EV isoladas e \"PVC\"; extra-sístoles em pares e \"couplets\"; TVNS (> 3BT) e \"triplets\"(3BT), \"runs\"(3 a 8 ou > 8 BT) e \"HVR\" (3 ou 4 BT). As correlações de Spearman foram utilizadas para avaliar se o marcapasso acompanha a detecção dos parâmetros do Holter. Os coeficientes de correlação intraclasse e os respectivos intervalos com 95% de confiança, calculados para avaliar a concordâncias entre os parâmetros equivalentes do marcapasso e do Holter. Foram calculados os coeficientes Kappa para avaliar a concordância na detecção de > 10 \"PVC\"/h com > 10 EV/h. Resultados: Os monitores dos marcapassos subestimaram o Holter. Os registros de \"PVC\", \"triplet\" e \"HVR\" por TVNS apresentaram correlações positivas em relação aos parâmetros do Holter, sendo a mais alta aquela entre \"PVC\" e EV (r=0,501). Porém, a concordância entre os tipos de arritmias detectadas foi baixa (CCI < 0,5), exceção feita à concordância de \"triplet\" com TVNS de três batimentos (CCI=0.984). A concordância na detecção de mais de 10 PVC/h e mais de 10 EV/h foi moderada (kappa= 0,483), embora para os MP da Medtronic, o coeficiente de concordância foi alto (kappa=0.877). Para os MP com algoritmo de detecção de sequências de três batimentos com FV menor que 140bpm ( < 140/3), a correlação entre HVR e TVNS foi expressiva (r = 1), sendo a concordância entre esses parâmetros também bastante alta (CCI = 0,800). Conclusões: A correlação e a concordância na detecção de AV registradas nos MP e no Holter foram inconsistentes. Padronização dos algoritmos de detecção de AV, semelhantes os do sistema Holter, é necessária para que os pacientes portadores de dispositivos implantáveis possam se beneficiar dessa função para seguimento clínico e estratificação de risco / The Holter monitoring is considered the gold standard method for detection of cardiac arrhythmias, enabling its diagnosis and its correlation with the patient\'s symptoms. New generations of artificial pacemakers can detect and record intracavitary electrograms and, theoretically, could discard the Holter during the follow-up of the patients. Pacemakers have different ventricular arrhythmias (VA) detection algorithms, varying according to the model. Their diagnosis capacity comparing to Holter monitoring has been poorly studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate 1. the correlation between the event monitor of the pacemaker and the Holter in VA detection and 2. the agreement between the VA detected in both systems. We studied 129 patients with implanted pacemakers, which had arrhythmia detection function, mean age of 68.6 + 19.1 years (19 to 94), 54.8% female. The patients underwent Holter monitoring for 72 hours. Once the system was connected, event counters of pacemakers were reset and the clocks synchronized, so that both systems could detect the arrhythmic events simultaneously. The pacemakers were programmed to detect events with the lowest ventricular rate and lowest number of sequential beats allowed for each model. After 72 hours, Holter systems were removed and the records analyzed, as well as the simultaneous records of the pacemakers. Were considered as arrhythmic events: PVC isolated (in the pacemaker described as \"PVC\"); premature beats in pairs (pacemaker described as \"couplets\"); NSVT (pacemaker described as \"triplets\"- 3beats, \"runs\"- 4 to 8 or > 8 beats and \"HVR\"- 3 to 4 beats). Spearman rank correlations were used to assess whether the pacemaker and Holter identified the same parameters. The intraclass correlation coefficients and the respective intervals with 95% confidence were calculated to evaluate the concordance between the equivalent parameters of the pacemaker and Holter. Kappa coefficients were calculated to assess the agreement in the detection of > 10 PVC/h by the pacemakers and by the Holter. Results: The pacemakers underestimated the arrhythmias detection of Holter. Records of \"PVC\", \"triplet\" and \"HVR\" by NSVT showed positive correlations with the Holter parameters, and the highest one was among \"PVC\" and EV (r = 0.501). The agreement between the types of arrhythmias detected was quite low (CCI < 0.5), except for \"triplet\" detected by pacemakers and three beats NSVT by Holter (ICC = 0.984). The correlation detection for more than 10 PVC /h was moderate (kappa = 0.483), except for Medtronic pacemakers (kappa=0.877). When the pacemaker was programmed to detect sequences of three beats with heart rate lower than 140bpm ( < 140/3), the correlation between HVR and NSVT was perfect (r = 1) and the agreement between these parameters was also quite high (ICC = 0.800). Conclusions: The correlation and agreement between pacemakers and Holter monitoring in the detection of VA were not consistent. A standardization of the pacemakers\' detection algorithms is necessary before using this function for clinical follow-up and risk stratification of the patients

This thesis researches the efficacy of binaural beats for the treatment of chronic non-tumoral pain. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part discusses the impact of chronic pain on quality of life, psychological aspects of chronic pain and the changes in behaviour. The focus is on the treatment of chronic pain and its limitations. Binaural beats are presented as a new tool for treatment of chronic pain. The empirical part consists of the experiment focused on the effect of theta rhythm binaural beats on participants with chronic non-tumoral pain. The experiment was conducted at Klinika rehabilitace a tělovýchovného lékařství 2.LF UK a FNM. The sample size was 90 participants (N=90). Participants were divided into two groups- with intervention and without intervention. Participants with intervention listened binaural beats for 20 minutes, three times on average during their hospitalization. VAS, GAD- 7, BDI-II, TSK-CZ, Oswestry Disability Index and Emotion Thermometers methods were used. The first measurement took place before the hospitalization, the second before the intervention with binaural beats, then immediately after the intervention and at the end of hospitalization. The main aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of binaural beats in...

The building sector is one of the largest energy consumers and there are global efforts toward sustainable and energy-efficient new buildings and existing buildings retrofit. The application of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in environmental assessment was practiced and studied following the increasing number of projects adopting the BIM workflows and pursuing green building certifications. The interest of this thesis is to study the use of different Building Information Modelling tools used globally for energy and environmental assessment to examine their practical benefits and challenges. Case studies of two primary school buildings that achieved the Swedish Miljöbyggnad system were used to compare what could have been achieved with Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) categories of energy and atmosphere and indoor environmental quality to what has been achieved in similar Miljöbyggnad areas. A review and summary of energy and atmosphere and indoor environmental categories in the LEED version 4 user’s guide is presented to evaluate the case study potential score in them. The early adoption of modeling in the evaluation from the conceptual design is the best approach to achieve better performance. It will improve the way of working and result in a more efficient and sustainable building. The Building Information Modelling software can be used directly in assessment using the integrated modules within the popular authoring tools such as Revit’s lighting and Insight the cloud base service or by transferring the model data to a stand-alone tool like IDA-ICE. The energy plug-ins of the authoring tools such as Revit are still lacking full control over the analytical model and the limited input options. The identified and discussed advantages of Building Information Modelling implementation are collaboration, accuracy, time, and cost saving. Data exchange issues, knowledge, and the differences in assessment tools were discussed as implementation barriers. Although the full comparison of certification systems is difficult, the comparison between the potential LEED score and achieved Miljöbyggnad rating showed some differences and similarities in the rating systems. The comparison requires rearranging the rating system indicators into unified categories. The framework that compares the scope, structure, content, and aggregation, would give a meaningful comparison. The way that the LEED and Miljöbyggnad are rewarding the indicators and the aggregation of aspects towards the final rating is totally different.

No description available.

Acute mental fatigue can negatively affect cognitive performance This study investigates how different auditory interventions can influence the degree of mental fatigue during a cognitively demanding task, in this case, a 16-minute T-LoadDback test designed to induce mental fatigue. 27 healthy individuals were recruited and randomly assigned to one of three groups. One group listened to self-selected music, as it is well documented that listening to preferred music can increase dopamine levels, potentially mitigating mental fatigue. Another group listened to a 40 Hz binaural beat, known to improve concentration and increase energy. The third group served as a control group and conducted the task in silence. Subjective measurements of mental fatigue were obtained before and after the T-LoadDback test using a Visual Analog Scale for Fatigue(VAS-F), while objective data on mental fatigue were collected through the results of a 5-minute Corsi Block-tapping test and heart rate variability(HRV), both measured before and after the main task. The results indicated no significant pre-post differences for the VAS-F scores, Corsi test performance, or HRV, suggesting that mental fatigue was not successfully induced in the current experiment.The VAS-F scores showed no significant main effects or group differences, despite notable individual variations. Although both the music and 40 Hz groups outperformed the control group in the Corsi test, no differences were observed between the intervention groups themselves.  Similarly, HRV data showed no significant changes, indicating minimal effects on autonomic nervous system activity. These results suggest that while individual preferences in auditory stimuli, such as ambient music, might influence fatigue levels, the overall effectiveness of such interventions remains inconclusive.

Over the last decade, education-focused research/studies on young queers (or same-sex attracted young people) have highlighted the many problems or difficulties they face growing up in a homophobic, heterosexist society. Strategies to address these issues (proposed in numerous research articles and reports) have largely focused on the school setting. I argue that these strategies are limited by heterosexual norms, which regulate and contain in advance what is possible (for queers) within the formal school system. I examine the ways in which these heterosexual norms work to constrain the queer subject in education-focused research and studies on young queers. / Within this field of study, young queers have largely been characterized as victims: of homophobic abuse and harassment, and neglect by families and schools. They’re said to be lonely and isolated, at risk of attempted suicide, unsafe sex, drug and alcohol abuse, and homelessness. I argue that these representations convey a negative portrait of young queers as wounded subjects. I illustrate how the emphasis on the wounded queer subject can work against the interests of young queers. In particular, it obscures those queer perspectives involving agency: first, queer cultures and communities; second, the knowledge and experiences of those who have gained confidence in their queerness, who have queer social and sexual lives. These (agentic) queers can offer us ways of understanding how young queers move beyond isolation and loneliness. / This study highlights the importance, for many young queers, of having opportunities and spaces where they can connect with each other. Socialization and sexualization among young queers involves a certain openness being and doing queer a practice which is unintelligible within most education-focused research/studies on young queers. This is illustrated and explored through comparative analysis of queer subjectivities in two differentiated spheres: on the one hand education-focused research and studies relating to the school context, and on the other gay/lesbian/queer studies and literature relating to queer social and sexual contexts. The key contexts and themes examined here are: early sexual experience and beats, queer cultures and communities, and queer youth support and social groups.

As infrastructures and software grow in complexity the need to keep track of things becomes important. It is the job of log aggregation solutions to condense log data into a form that is easier to search, visualize, and analyze. There are many log aggregation solutions out there today with various pros and cons to fit the various types of data and architectures. This makes the choice of selecting a log aggregation solution an important one. This thesis analyzes two full-stack log aggregation solutions, Elastic stack and SigNoz, with the goal of evaluating how the ingestion and storage components of the two stacks perform with smaller and larger amounts of data. The evaluation of these solutions was done by ingesting log files of varying sizes into them while tracking their performance. These performance metrics were then analyzed to find similarities and differences. The thesis found that SigNoz featured a higher CPU usage on average, faster processing times, and lower memory usage. Elastic stack was found to do more processing and indexing on the data, requiring more memory and storage space to allow for more detailed searchability of the ingested data. This also meant that there was a larger storage space requirement for Elastic stack than SigNoz to store the ingested logs. The hope of this thesis is that these findings can be used to provide insight into the area and aid those choosing between the two solutions in making a more informed decision.

Ein Sturz ist ein Ereignis, das jeder Mensch im Laufe seines Lebens mehrfach erfährt, ob als Kind, Jugendlicher, Erwachsener oder Senior. Was sich über die Lebensspanne ändert, sind die durch Stürze verursachten Folgen. Gerade bei älteren Menschen sind diese oft schwerwiegend. Auf Grund der demographischen Entwicklung kommt der Altersgruppe der Senioren und dem Thema Sturz eine gestiegene Bedeutung zu. Stürze stellen eine große Gefahr für den Selbständigkeitserhalt im Alter dar. Deren Folgen wirken sich nicht nur auf den physischen Bereich aus sondern sehr häufig auch auf den psychischen und sozialen, was einer multifaktoriellen und ganzheitlichen Betrachtungsweise und Analyse bedarf. Das neuartige Ganzkörpererlebnis Drums Alive, in seiner auf die Zielgruppe Senioren ausgerichteten Version Golden Beats, wurde auf seine Wirkungen und Effekte in Bezug auf Sturzprävention im Rahmen eines Modellprojektes mit dem Ansatz einer randomisierten kontrollierten Längsschnittstudie evaluiert. Um zu überprüfen, inwieweit die Intervention Effekte bzgl. der Parameter Sturzanzahl und –häufigkeit (Stolpern, Fallen, Stürzen), Kraftfähigkeit, Gleichgewicht, Mobilität, habituelle Ganggeschwindigkeit, Sturzangst, soziale Indikatoren, körperliche Aktivität und Sinnesfunktionen hervorzurufen vermag, wurde ein zehnwöchiges (20 Einheiten) Interventionsprogramm mit einer Interventions- und Kontrollgruppe durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse der Studie mit älteren Menschen mit einem niedrigen bis moderaten Sturzrisiko zeigen unmittelbare und längerfristig günstige Wirkungseffekte für die Parameter Stolperhäufigkeit, Gleichgewichtsfähigkeit, motorische Mobilität, intensive körperliche Aktivität sowie für eine verbesserte Einschätzung der sturzrelevanten Sinnesfunktionen. Für die Parameter Sturzhäufigkeit, Kognition und Angst vor Stürzen, die betrachteten sozialen Indikatoren, die Dimensionen leichte, moderate und gesamte körperliche Aktivität sowie die Parameter Kraftfähigkeit und habituelle Ganggeschwindigkeit konnten weder kurz- noch langfristig positive Veränderungen konstatiert werden.

Ein Sturz ist ein Ereignis, das jeder Mensch im Laufe seines Lebens mehrfach erfährt, ob als Kind, Jugendlicher, Erwachsener oder Senior. Was sich über die Lebensspanne ändert, sind die durch Stürze verursachten Folgen. Gerade bei älteren Menschen sind diese oft schwerwiegend. Auf Grund der demographischen Entwicklung kommt der Altersgruppe der Senioren und dem Thema Sturz eine gestiegene Bedeutung zu. Stürze stellen eine große Gefahr für den Selbständigkeitserhalt im Alter dar. Deren Folgen wirken sich nicht nur auf den physischen Bereich aus sondern sehr häufig auch auf den psychischen und sozialen, was einer multifaktoriellen und ganzheitlichen Betrachtungsweise und Analyse bedarf. Das neuartige Ganzkörpererlebnis Drums Alive, in seiner auf die Zielgruppe Senioren ausgerichteten Version Golden Beats, wurde auf seine Wirkungen und Effekte in Bezug auf Sturzprävention im Rahmen eines Modellprojektes mit dem Ansatz einer randomisierten kontrollierten Längsschnittstudie evaluiert. Um zu überprüfen, inwieweit die Intervention Effekte bzgl. der Parameter Sturzanzahl und –häufigkeit (Stolpern, Fallen, Stürzen), Kraftfähigkeit, Gleichgewicht, Mobilität, habituelle Ganggeschwindigkeit, Sturzangst, soziale Indikatoren, körperliche Aktivität und Sinnesfunktionen hervorzurufen vermag, wurde ein zehnwöchiges (20 Einheiten) Interventionsprogramm mit einer Interventions- und Kontrollgruppe durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse der Studie mit älteren Menschen mit einem niedrigen bis moderaten Sturzrisiko zeigen unmittelbare und längerfristig günstige Wirkungseffekte für die Parameter Stolperhäufigkeit, Gleichgewichtsfähigkeit, motorische Mobilität, intensive körperliche Aktivität sowie für eine verbesserte Einschätzung der sturzrelevanten Sinnesfunktionen. Für die Parameter Sturzhäufigkeit, Kognition und Angst vor Stürzen, die betrachteten sozialen Indikatoren, die Dimensionen leichte, moderate und gesamte körperliche Aktivität sowie die Parameter Kraftfähigkeit und habituelle Ganggeschwindigkeit konnten weder kurz- noch langfristig positive Veränderungen konstatiert werden.

本文旨從語用和語音方面，來探討中文「敘述性」言談(narrative discourse)對話中，說話者自然產生的節拍手勢。在語用方面，主要是觀察說話者使用節拍手勢表達前後景(Grounding)和新/舊訊息(Information state)的關係。研究結果發現，說話者較常使用節拍手勢來傳達前景(foreground)的新訊息，以提示聽話者注意。此外，說話者在敘述的過程中，常使用節拍手勢來預示前後景訊息的轉換。在語音方面，主要探討說話者使用節拍手勢時，其所對應的語句之音調高低及說話能量強度的關係。研究發現，語句的音高和強度無法預測這類手勢的產生；但是，當傳達前景的新訊息時，這類手勢的出現常伴隨著較強的語氣。此外，研究結果也顯示，說話者使用節拍手勢通常是有規律性的。 / This thesis investigates gestural beats in Chinese narrative discourse at both pragmatic and acoustic levels. The relationship among grounding, information state and beat gestures is examined at the pragmatic level, and at the acoustic level, the relationship among pitch, intensity, and gestural beats is analyzed. Moreover, whether there is a rhythmic pattern for beat gestures is further studied. The subjects were four undergraduates who were asked to view an animated color cartoon episode and then to immediately recount the events in it to a listener. The subjects were audio-video taped. They were not informed of the particular interest of the study. 291 beats were transcribed and analyzed. The audio data was analyzed on Praat and a Kay’s Model 4100. The continuous beats were further analyzed to investigate the rhythmic patterns and were annotated in Anvil, a video annotation tool. Gestural beats, narrative data, and the annotations were statistically analyzed and five phenomena for beat gestures were explored. First, gestural beats can appear in both foregrounded and backgrounded clauses. Second, the occurrence of beat gestures signals shifts between levels of the narrative structure. Third, speakers usually incline to utter new information in foregrounded clauses in Chinese narrative discourse with accompanying beats. Fourth, neither intensity nor pitch changes can predict and correlate with the occurrence of gestural beats in the relationship between beats and two acoustic factors. However, when grounding and the information state of the associated referents are considered, beats are produced for new information in foregrounded clauses with greater intensity. Finally, there is a rhythmic pattern in the production of continuous beats and the regularity of the patterns correlates with the clause boundary. A close relationship is revealed between speech and gestures in this thesis. The findings provide some linguistic details that may help explore the performance of gestural beats and speech in Chinese narrative discourse.