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Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2018-02-16T16:14:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VeronicaMartins.pdf: 2071452 bytes, checksum: a9626c88fffd626b51350ed65e24f8b7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-16T16:14:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VeronicaMartins.pdf: 2071452 bytes, checksum: a9626c88fffd626b51350ed65e24f8b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The central theme of this research is the pedagogical practice as reference of a formal education program. The research has as general objective to reflect on the insertion of blended learning from the angle of the teacher that acts as mediator and focuses on personalization and on technology integration to the curriculum. In relation to specific objectives, and regarding both experiences here narrated and the interlacing of the stories (participants and researcher), we analyze the points of interconnection with the challenges, the afflictions and the discoveries of a teacher in view of the use of DICT (Digital Information and Communication Technologies) in the promotion of knowledge construction. This is a qualitative investigative research elaborated in the autobiographical narrative modality and supported by hermeneutic-phenomenological approach for interpretation of learning narratives, considering that the description of phenomena leads to the essence of lived experience. With inspiration in the narrative research of Clandinin and Connelly (2011), this study is based on the theoretical principles of the biographical approach of Delory-Momberger (2012), Passeggi (2011) and Larrosa (1999), as well as on the hermeneutic-phenomenological formulation of M. Freire (2012). The theoretical contributions are based on the following authors: Horn and Staker (2015); Zabala (1998); Mizukami (1986); Moran (2015); Costa (1989); Almeida and Valente (2011); Perrenoud (2013); Santos (1994); Vieira Pinto (2005) and Vygotsky (1997). The research also presents a brief historical review of traditional school and active learning, besides covering didactic strategies of learning spaces reconfiguration and teaching challenges in the contemporary world. Technology, knowledge and personalization are contextually addressed as concept, instrument and support for the efficient use of data in blended learning, without losing sight of the application of intelligence technologies. Finally, we seek to identify the perceptions of teachers of basic education __ for example, in relation to teaching practice and technology __ from public and private networks, regarding the use of digital media in pedagogical practices and the promotion of learning using blended learning. / O tema central deste estudo é a prática pedagógica como referência de um programa de educação formal que traz como problema de pesquisa “Quais percepções emergem quando os professores da educação básica, redes privada e pública, promovem a aprendizagem com foco na personalização utilizando o ensino do ensino híbrido?” A pesquisa aqui conduzida tem como objetivo geral refletir sobre a experiência dos docentes a partir da mediação que integra, com o uso da metodologia, a tecnologia ao currículo. Em relação aos objetivos específicos, e tendo por base as experiências narradas e o entrelaçar das histórias (participantes e pesquisadora), analisam-se quais são os pontos de interconexão com os desafios, as aflições e as descobertas da docência em vista do uso da TDIC (Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação) na promoção da construção do conhecimento. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho investigativo elaborada na modalidade narrativa autobiográfica e amparada na abordagem hermenêutico-fenomenológica para a interpretação das narrativas, considerando que a descrição dos fenômenos conduz à essência da experiência vivida. Com inspiração na pesquisa narrativa de Clandinin e Connelly (2011), este estudo apoia-se tanto nos princípios teóricos da abordagem biográfica de Delory-Momberger (2012), Passeggi (2011) e Larrosa (1999), quanto na formulação hermenêutico-fenomenológica de M. Freire (2012). Os aportes teóricos se fundamentam nos seguintes autores: Horn e Staker (2015); Zabala (1998); Mizukami (1986); Moran (2015); Costa (1989); Almeida e Valente (2011); Perrenoud (2013); Santos (1994); Vieira Pinto (2005) e Vygotsky (1997). A investigação ainda apresenta um breve recorte histórico da escola tradicional e das aprendizagens ativas, além de citar estratégias didáticas de reconfigurações dos espaços de aprendizagem e desafios da docência na contemporaneidade. A tecnologia, o conhecimento e a personalização são aqui contextualmente abordados nas qualidades de conceito, de instrumento, de linguagem e de apoio, sem perder de vista as narrativas das experiências dos participantes. Ao fim, identificaram-se as percepções – por exemplo, em relação à prática docente e à tecnologia – de professores da educação básica, das redes pública e privada, com relação ao uso dos meios digitais em práticas pedagógicas e à promoção da aprendizagem personalizada com a utilização da metodologia do ensino híbrido.

There is a lack of empirical research on the motivational regulation and reactions of higher education students enrolled in blended courses. Studies that target this focus with nontraditional adult learners enrolled in the community college are even more difficult to locate. In this mixed-methods exploratory case study, I explored in what ways nontraditional adult learners' motivational regulation and their motivational reactions to course design relate to their perceived learning experience in a blended technology course with a flipped design. Specifically, I investigated how nontraditional community college students described their goals for participating in a blended course prior to the start of the class, in what ways they utilized motivational regulation strategies within the course, how they described their motivational reactions to a blended course developed with a flipped design, and how they perceived their goal accomplishments at the end of the course. The following A Priori questions guided my research: 1. In what ways do five nontraditional community college students describe their goals for participating in a blended technology course with a flipped design prior to the start of the class? 2. How do these students describe their motivational regulation experiences in the blended technology course on their responses to the Motivational Regulation Strategies Questionnaire? 3. How do these students perceive the motivational aspects of the course design as measured by the Course Interest Survey? 4. In what ways do these students perceive they achieved their described goals at the end of the course? I collected quantitative and qualitative data in the Fall semester of 2017 from five purposefully selected nontraditional adult community college learners who voluntarily engaged in the inquiry. I used several data collection instruments throughout the study. I collected quantitative data via three questionnaires: (1) a Demographics, Goals, and Interest Survey (2) the Motivational Regulation Strategies questionnaire, and (3) the Course Interest Survey. I gathered qualitative data through (1) participant electronic journals, (2) semi-structured interviews and (3) a researcher's reflective journal. There are both practical and theoretical implications to this study. The results of this research suggest guidelines on how to design an effective blended course for nontraditional students enrolled in the community college arena. The information gleaned might be used to further develop and redesign future blended courses for nontraditional community college students who seek alternative modes of content delivery for the purposes of continued learning and convenience of integration into their busy lifestyles. The findings from this study contribute to at least two bodies of empirical research literature: (1) motivational regulation strategies employed by nontraditional community college students and the (2) development of blended courses with motivational design to help nontraditional community college adult learners obtain their learning goals.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study aims to investigate whether the implementation of activities based on hybrid education contribute to the qualifications of history teaching and learning in high school. Initially, an approach to history teaching over time reaching the present time, marked by the use of technology was made. In this context, it addresses the Hybrid Education, set of practices that seek to reconcile the use of digital technologies to the space of the traditional classroom. From this, it sought to organize activities informed the concepts of hybrid education, which were applied in groups 3º1 and 3º 3 High School State Institute of Education Teacher Annes Dias - Cruz Alta. Two models were developed: Reversed Classroom and rotation for seasons These activities were put in place having as a guiding principle of a Research Methodology Qualitative because not sought evidence closed data by numbers, but reflections from the observations made in classroom. The analysis served to verify that there really is a qualitative potential in the hybrid model, in that there was greater involvement of students, as well as enhancement of the teaching-learning process. However, there are still some limitations with regard to access to technology in schools, lack of teacher training in the use of digital resources and attachment of many students to the traditional teaching model, based on the teacher's idea as the center of the teaching process and learning. / Este trabalho tem como finalidade investigar se a implementação de atividades baseadas no Ensino Híbrido contribuem para a qualificação do ensino-aprendizagem de história no Ensino Médio. Inicialmente, foi feita uma abordagem do ensino de história ao longo tempo chegando ao momento atual, marcado pelo uso das tecnologias. Nesse contexto, aborda-se o Ensino Híbrido, conjunto de práticas que buscam conciliar o uso das tecnologias digitais ao espaço da sala de aula tradicional. A partir disso, buscou-se organizar atividades embasadas nos conceitos do Ensino Híbrido, as quais foram aplicadas nas turmas 3º 1 e 3º 3 do Ensino Médio do Instituto Estadual de Educação Professor Annes Dias de Cruz Alta. Dois modelos foram desenvolvidos: Sala de Aula Invertida e Rotação por estações Estas atividades foram colocadas em prática tendo como princípio norteador a de uma Metodologia de Pesquisa Qualitativa, pois não buscou evidenciar dados fechados através de números, mas sim reflexões a partir das observações feitas em sala de aula. As análises serviram para verificar que realmente existe um potencial qualitativo no modelo híbrido, na medida em que houve maior envolvimento dos estudantes, bem como, potencialização do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Contudo, ainda existem alguns limites no que diz respeito ao acesso às tecnologias nas escolas, falta de capacitação de professores no uso dos recursos digitais e apego de muitos alunos ao modelo tradicional de ensino, baseado na ideia do professor como o centro do processo de ensino e aprendizagem.

Syftet med föreliggande studie är att undersöka hur svensklärare i gymnasieskolan arbetar med digitalisering i sin undervisning och vilka verktyg och metoder som används. Därtill redovisas vilka möjligheter respektive nackdelar som de ser med att använda digitala verktyg i undervisningen. Vidare utgår uppsatsen från ett sociokulturellt perspektiv. För att uppfylla sitt syfte utgår studien från hur svensklärare använder digitala verktyg i sin undervisning samt om attityder och erfarenhet påverkar användningen av digitala verktyg i undervisningen. Som metod för datainsamlingen har semistruktruerade kvalitativa intervjuer använts. Fyra stycken svensklärare intervjuades i åldrarna 30 – 60 vilka är aktiva inom samma gymnasieskola. Resultaten visar att digitalmedvetenhet bland informanterna varierar där de yngre generationen i regel är mer medvetna än den äldre generationen. Den äldre informanten säger sig själv vara relativt digitalt omedveten och upplever att detta beror på generationsskillnad, kunskap och intresse. Detta får till följd att digitalisering inte är en faktor läraren planerar sina lektioner utefter. De yngre informanterna i sin tur, särskilt de med mer yrkeserfarenhet, har en hög grad av digital medvetenhet. Detta visar sig genom att de kontinuerligt skaffar sig digital kunskap på egen hand, provar nya metoder och försöker hela tiden att utvecklas och bli bättre. Intressant är dock att den yngsta informanten med minst yrkeserfarenhet har god digitalmedvetenhet men saknar intresse, kunskap och tid för att integrera digitalisering i sin undervisning. Gemensamt för de intervjuade lärarna är att de upplever digitalisering är svårt och utmanande och att ingen av dem har haft mycket, om någon, utbildning inom digitalkunskap när de studerade vid lärarprogrammet. / The purpose of this study is to investigate how teacher in Sweden work with digitization in their teaching and what tools and methods are used. In addition, the opportunities and challenges the teachers perceive to use digital tools in the teaching are reported. The study parts from a sociocultural theory. To fulfill its purpose the study is based on how teachers in the Swedish subject work to achieve a digital education and how attitudes affect to integrate digital tools. For the data collecting process semistructured qualitative interviews have been used as method. Four Swedish teachers were interviewed in the ages between 30 and 60 who are active in the upper secondary school. The results show that digital awareness among the teachers varies. The younger generation is usually more aware than the older generation. The older teacher declares herself as being quite digitally unconscious and finds that it depends on generational difference, knowledge and interest. As a result her teaching is not based on digital awareness. The younger teachers, in particular those with more professional experience, have a high degree of digital awareness. This shows in continually acquiring digital knowledge on their own, trying new methods and constantly trying to develop the digital education. The youngest teacher with least professional experience has good digital awareness but not the interest, knowledge and time to integrate digitalization into her teaching. All the interviewed teachers have in common that they find the work towards a digital teaching challenging and that none of them had much, if any, education in digital studies in their university studies.

Este estudo tem por principal objetivo investigar o aproveitamento de uma amostra de 29 estudantes que participaram de uma experiência pedagógica na disciplina Planejamento e Análise de Sistemas de Transporte, oferecida para o curso de engenharia civil da Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo. Essa experiência decorreu da aplicação do método aprendizagem baseada em problemas (Problem-Based Learning - PBL) na modalidade de ensino semipresencial, com o uso de uma plataforma de ensino a distância CoL (Cursos on-Line), apoiada nos estilos de aprendizagem. Os dados foram coletados por meio do instrumento - Índice de Estilos de Aprendizagem (Index of Learning Styles - ILS) de Felder e Soloman, traduzido para o português, para identificar os estilos de aprendizagem dos estudantes. O ILS foi aplicado no início da disciplina para conhecer o perfil de aprendizagem dos estudantes, auxiliar no preparo de atividades direcionadas para o público-alvo, e na composição dos grupos de acordo com seus estilos de maneira mais heterogênea e equilibrada possível, visando um melhor aproveitamento na disciplina. Para analisar o aproveitamento da amostra submetida à alternativa instrucional e os efeitos do PBL, foram utilizadas as respostas dos estudantes a um questionário de avaliação da nova proposta, respondido no final da disciplina e um questionário para avaliação do aprendizado, usado após o encerramento da disciplina. A partir das respostas desse questionário foram construídos mapas cognitivos que contribuíram para a avaliação e comparação do aprendizado da amostra com uma turma submetida ao modelo tradicional. Além desses instrumentos, na análise dos dados, foram utilizadas as notas dos estudantes da amostra e de outra turma de alunos regularmente matriculados na mesma disciplina, porém sem a inserção de inovações pedagógicas. Essas notas foram analisadas com o objetivo de investigar sua relação com os estilos de aprendizagem e com o método PBL bem como para verificar a ocorrência de aproveitamentos diferenciados entre os estudantes. Os resultados da análise qualitativa e quantitativa mostraram que os estudantes obtiveram um aproveitamento significativamente melhor com o novo desenho da disciplina. / The main purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of a sample of 29 students who participated in an educational experience in Planning and Analysis of Transportation Systems Course for civil engineering course from Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo. This experience elapsed from the application of problem-based learning (PBL) method in a blended learning mode using a web-based learning - CoL (Cursos on-Line) - with the support of the leaning styles. The data were collected through the Felder and Solomans instrument - Index of Learning Styles (ILS) to identify the students learning styles. The portuguese version of the ILS was applied at the beginning of the course to find the students learning preferences to assist the development of activities directed to the public, and the composition of the groups according to their styles seeking a better use in the course. To examine the use of the sample submitted to the instructional alternative and the effects of PBL were used the responses of the students to a questionnaire for assessing the new proposal responded at the end of the course, and a questionnaire for assessment of learning that was used after the closure of the course. Cognitive maps were built from the answers of the questionnaire that contributed to this assessment and also to make the comparison of the sample with a group of students submitted to the traditional model. Besides these instruments were used the grades of the sample and also of the other group of students regularly enrolled in the same course, but without the introduction of pedagogical innovations. These grades were analyzed with the aim of investigating the relationship between the learning styles and the PBL method, and to verify the presence of differentiated performance between the groups of students. The results of the qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that students obtained a significantly better performance with the new course design.

O objetivo deste estudo é investigar se a organização da atividade didática no modelo de Ensino Híbrido, analisada sob a ótica dos pressupostos teóricos de psicologia histórico-cultural, proporciona condições adequadas para a formação de conceitos. Foram sujeitos, três professores e 79 alunos do Ensino Fundamental (escola privada e pública). Plano de aula, filmagem, questionário e entrevista foram instrumentos de coleta de dados, analisados qualitativamente e por Núcleos de Significação. Os resultados apontaram colaboração entre pares e utilização das TIC como recursos eficientes para aprender, na percepção dos estudantes. Os professores, apesar dos desafios de inserção das TIC, consideram que o uso integrado, somado à personalização do ensino, promove mediações mais eficientes em relação às demandas específicas dos estudantes. Conclui-se que o Ensino Híbrido oferece oportunidade de desenvolvimento das funções psicológicas superiores, porém exige planejamento minucioso objetivando a sistematização dos conceitos, além da reflexão sobre papéis desempenhados em classe / The present study aims to investigate if the organization of didactic activity in the blended learning approach, analyzed under the perspective of theoretical framework of cultural-historical psychology, provides suitable conditions for formation of concepts. Participants were 3 teachers and 79 elementary school students (Private and Public Schools). Teaching plan, filming, questionnaire and interview were instruments for data collection, and were analyzed qualitatively by meaning core. Results showed collaboration among peers and uses of ICT as efficient resources for learning according to students\' perception. Teachers, despite the ICT integration challenges, consider that the integrated use of ICT, in addition to the personalization of learning, promotes more efficient mediation related to the specific demands of the students. We concluded that the blended learning approach offers opportunity to develop higher mental functions, requiring, however, careful planning aimed at systematization of concepts, besides reflecting about roles played in class

Technology has become an integral part in the realm of education. The flipped classroom is a recent teaching method where students can watch instructional online videos outside the classroom that actively engage them in their learning process. Although this trend has gained momentum in many disciples and there are many studies available, research behind language acquisition through the flipped classroom model is limited. Still it is implemented by many teachers in the upper secondary school in Sweden. The aim of this study is to investigate the benefits and drawbacks of the flipped classroom in the EFL context and to see if the Flipped Classroom enhances interactive skil ls in students’ language learning. Peer reviewed research articles were used and data has been collected through research behind the Flipped Classroom. The perceptions behind it were divided. Some teachers and students experienced the Flipped Classroom as something positive with regard to availability of material, the promotion of active learning for students and enhancement in language interaction. Along with these, criticism made on this teaching method is that creating material to be available online was time consuming and that perceived an increase in the homework load. As regards oral interaction, both teachers and students felt that it did enhance skills in speaking since preparation before class lead to qualitative time for interaction with the teacher during class, something that was very limited before implementing the flipped classroom model. This review suggests that there is a demand for further studies in the area of English language teaching and English language acquisition in the Swedish context of upper secondary education.

Blended learning blir allt vanligare inom högskoleutbildningar och majoriteten av kurser äridag kopplade till onlineportaler. För att enkelt kombinera klassrumsundervisning medonline learning används olika learning management system (LMS). Lärare kan dock intealltid förlita sig på att studenterna har en inre motivation och entusiasm till att lära, det finnsdock möjligheter att påverka den inre motivationen med hjälp av yttre faktorer. Medgamification används yttre motiverande faktorer för att skapa en rolig och engagerandemiljö utan att påverka studiernas trovärdighet. Gamification innebär att komponenter avspeldesign används utanför spelkontexten. Detta kan leda till ökad motivation hos studenterna.För att förstå olika typer av motivation bättre används Self-determination theory (SDT).Utifrån spelelement som lyfts fram i litteratur bekräftar eller bestrider och kompletterardenna uppsats detta med en empirisk studie som utgår ifrån en gamifierad kurs på högskolenivå.Spelelementen analyseras med SDT för att se hur de påverkar de tre inre psykologiskabehoven. Utifrån detta skapades tre designmönster som är till för att stödja utvecklare ochadministratörer av LMS då en gamifierad kurs utformas. / Blended learning is becoming more common within university education and the majoritiesof courses today are connected to an online portal. To easily combine teaching in theclassroom with online learning different types of learning management systems (LMS) arebeing used. Even though teachers cannot always put their trust in the students’ intrinsicmotivation and enthusiasm for learning, it is possible to affect the intrinsic motivation withthe help of extrinsic factors. With gamification extrinsic factors are used to create a fun andengaging environment without affecting the credibility of the studies. Gamification meansthat components of game design are used outside the context of gaming. This can lead to anincrease in motivation for the students. To better understand different types of motivationSelf-determination theory (SDT) is used. Based on the gameplay elements identified inscholarly texts this thesis confirms or denies, and complements this with an empirical studybased on a gamified course at university level. The gameplay elements were analyzed withSDT to see how they affected the three intrinsic psychological needs. Based on this, threedesign patterns were created to support developers and administrators of LMS whenforming a gamified course.

Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements of the Degree of Master of Information & Communications Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2017. / Computer-programming dexterity is an essential skill for students of computer science, information technology and engineering who are intrinsically expected to be able to do programming. However, teaching and learning computer-programming concepts and skills have been recognised as a great challenge for both teachers and students, for many reasons. Computer-programming requires new ideas in thinking and conceptualising practical solutions. It requires creative skills in solving practical, but often difficult problems. Moreover, computer-programming students, generally lack problem-solving skills and self-efficacy. They typically find it difficult to use artificial programming languages to solve challenging problems. There is the problem of poor background in science and mathematics that would help students to rapidly understand the intricacies of computer-programming. Students are not motivated to overcome the fear of the bizarre syntax of computer-programming codes. These challenges, coupled with the huge potential of computing applications in the society have made the development of effective pedagogies and environments for computer-programming courses, an important issue. To address this issue in a unique way, this study proposes to explore a web-based, blended learning technique with minimal instructor intervention, to improve the computer-programming competence of information technology students. These students are expected to have developed an acceptable level of computer-programming competence at university to be job ready and to be self-reliant in their future careers. The technique being proposed in this study was implemented in a blackboard ™/®/© web-based environment. The effectiveness of the technique was demonstrated using experimentation coupled with the data analysis method that is based on the three-parameter item response theory and retrospective pretest. The method used in this study to evaluate computer- programming competence of students reflects the perspective of the students in the evaluation process. The results of the study indeed show that using the proposed technique, information technology students dynamically collaborate with their peers with minimal instructor intervention towards improving their computer-programming competence. / M