Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:38:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudiaMCC_DISSERT.pdf: 4619643 bytes, checksum: 67ff0134d2090417da38dde4a18d1036 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-31 / The present time is marked by the art of escape from death, which has become synonymous with failure, its exposure has become intolerable and the care of the dead body were assigned to third parties who market this practice through services and products that shape the market undertaker. In this context, in which death is an object of study, has arisen funeral officers, as professionals dealing with a dead body, with the pain of relatives and their reactions, often being the first to have contact with the death scene. As professionals in the health area, the morticians also deal with death. The first attempt to prevent the arrival of death, funeral officers already has begun their work routine from there. Death and its surrounding part of their profession. What about those professionals whose work demands as a feared and denied by society? This study aims to understand the intents, meanings and implications for the mortician to deal with death in their daily work in order to focus renewed attention to the care of these professionals. To this end, it was carried out a qualitative research grounded in the theoretical framework of Gadamerian hermeneutics for production and interpretation of narratives. It was used two methodological strategies for data collection: in-depth interview with script and workshop with the use of "scenes". Research participants were nine morticians funeral of two funeral agencies of the city of Natal. It was possible to detect the presence of the social imaginary of interdiction on the theme of death from living with feelings of his presence daily, from the need of respondents to naturalize their contacts with death, a requirement of their office to deal with the difficulties of manipulating body fluids and odors, sometimes in a state of decomposition; allied to wishes to achieve the goal of delivering to family-customers a "embellished" body for the final farewell. Being a mortician, in addition to not being a professional motivation, involves facing difficulties related to heavy routine work, low salaries, unprofitable work materials and equipments, besides having to deal with the social gaze that devalues the profession. In turn, they also deal with the pain coming especially from contact with family members, either when they are targets of these feelings of anger, whether they identify with the pain of the bereaved ones. On the other hand, when the recognition and gratitude of the families occur, they find meaning and beauty in their profession of caring for the dead body. The present study by giving voice to morticians has become possible to understand better their profession, the pain that surrounds and care needs of these workers. Finally, it has argued that the mortician may be recognized as a care professional for the way exercising caution with the dead body and their families. / A atualidade ? marcada pela arte de fugir da morte e os cuidados com o corpo morto atribu?dos a terceiros, atrav?s de servi?os que configuram o mercado funer?rio. Neste contexto, surgem os agentes funer?rios, profissionais que lidam com o corpo morto, com a dor dos familiares e suas rea??es. Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender os sentidos, significados e implica??es para o agente funer?rio ao lidar com a morte em seu cotidiano de trabalho a fim de orientar uma aten??o voltada para o cuidado a esses profissionais. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa ancorada no referencial te?rico da Hermen?utica Gadameriana para produ??o e interpreta??o das narrativas. Utilizamos duas estrat?gias metodol?gicas para coleta de dados: entrevista em profundidade com roteiro e oficina com utiliza??o de cenas . Nove agentes funer?rios de duas ag?ncias funer?rias da cidade de Natal participaram da pesquisa. Constatou-se a presen?a de um cen?rio social de interdi??o sobre a morte convivendo com sentimentos oriundos de sua presen?a di?ria: a necessidade dos entrevistados de naturalizar seu contato com a morte, a fim de conseguirem manipular os fluidos e odores de corpos, aliados ao objetivo de entregar aos familiares-clientes um corpo embelezado para a despedida final. Ser agente funer?rio n?o ? uma motiva??o profissional e implica enfrentar dificuldades: pesada rotina de trabalho, baixa remunera??es, equipamentos de trabalho deficit?rios; lidar com o olhar social que desvaloriza a profiss?o e as dores advindas do contato com os familiares. No entanto, diante do reconhecimento e agradecimento das fam?lias os agentes encontram sentido e beleza no of?cio de cuidar do corpo morto. Este estudo possibilitou compreender o cotidiano dessa profiss?o, as dores que a envolve e as necessidades de cuidado desses trabalhadores. Defende o reconhecimento do agente funer?rio como um profissional de cuidado, pela forma como exerce o cuidado com o corpo morto e seus familiares.

Having begun from the assumption that our most fundamental way to relate to the world stems from an #I think# and that consciousness is at the center of this act, Edmund Husserl sets himself up for a very narrow and specialized view of human experience. In the end, such assumptions in the philosophical tradition and their terms often remain unquestioned and ingrained in a paradigm of discourse. My aim is to move beneath these assumptions-using Heidegger's and Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological work-so as to, first, explicitly undermine the scope of Husserlian intentionality at its foundation and, second, decenter the subject in contemporary phenomenological literature. An account of human experience in terms of inner intentional content, I argue, yields an incomplete and misleading picture of our human involvements and we must ultimately move beyond the subject and its logic. The way we are always already being-in-the-world and embodied in the phenomenal texture of everydayness leaves the cogito one step behind.

Title: Health education in elementary school Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to create an educational manual for health education and its verification. Methods: In our thesis we used quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis and the method of comparison. We used a questionnaire as the quantitative method and for the qualitative method we interviewed selected students. We apllied the method of comparison in the evaluation of student's knowledge in pre and post questionnaires and in comparing the knowledge of 9th and 7th graders. Results: We discovered that 7th graders improved their knowledge and the greatest improvement was reached in the topics of self-conception and physical self- conception. Also we found that the knowledge of 7th graders are better than the knowledge of 9th graders. Keywords: body care, nutrition, self-conception and physical self-conception, physical activity.

Title: Sport, health and physical self-concept of grammar school students Objectives: Main goal of this thesis was to analyze the relation to one's own body in youth at the age of 17. The research should analyze physical activities, physical self-concept and the health of grammar school students. These results were compared to data from 20 years ago. Methods: All the data presented in the empirical part of this thesis were obtained through a questionnaire survey among second year high school students. In total, 300 students, including 193 girls and 107 boys, took part in the survey. A standardized questionnaire was used and was taken from international research Sport, Health and Physical Concepts in Central and Eastern Europe (Mrázek, Fialová, Bychovskaja, 1998). The acquired data were recorded in writing, graphically processed and subsequently evaluated. Furthermore, the collected data were compared with the data presented in two diploma theses 20 years ago (Mešejdová, 1998), (Pavlíková, 199). Results: According to the data obtained, teenagers are aware of the influence sport and overall healthy lifestyle have on their health. Girls are more motivated by the desire to look good, while boys want to increase physical fitness. The boys better assess their body and their person as a whole. Girls, on...

Tendo em vista a compreensão dos significados atribuídos às infeções oportunistas pelos pacientes HIV+ entre os moçambicanos da etnia Tsonga do distrito de Xai-Xai e a consequente busca de atendimento nas redes tradicionais de cura, na pesquisa adotamos uma metodologia qualitativa com caráter etnográfico. Embora Xai-Xai seja a capital de Gaza, importante província de Moçambique, ali, os Tsonga ainda estão muito inseridos nas redes tradicionais de cura. Por outro lado, a rede do Sistema Nacional da Saude se faz também presente e não muito precária, relativamente ao resto do país. Essa peculiaridade nos levou a indagação central do trabalho: no que concerne aos pacientes HIV+ será que os serviços de saúde do distrito da cidade de Xai-Xai dispõem de estruturas de acolhimento tão adequadas aos pressupostos ontológicos da cultura local quanto as redes tradicionais de cura? A nossa hipótese é a de que o desajuste de um acolhimento inadequado aos pacientes Tsonga impele-os a intensificar a busca de cuidados alternativos à medicina convencional nas redes tradicionais. A metodologia que escolhemos permitiu-nos compreender as vivências dos pacientes não somente a partir das questões apresentadas verbalmente, mas também podemos acompanhar as suas práticas cotidianas relacionadas a busca de cura. A pesquisa fez nos perceber que a ausência do diálogo entre a biomedicina e as redes tradicionais de cura influência em grande medida o elevado número de óbitos e a não retenção dos pacientes em Tratamento antiretroviral- Tarv mesmo com as constantes reinvenções de políticas de assistência aos pacientes HIV+. A situação colonial dessa relação se consubstância na negação ou subalternização do conhecimento local mesmo por atores nativos que atuam no sistema nacional de saúde. / In order to understand the meanings attributed to opportunistic infections by HIV+ patients among the Tsonga Mozambicans in the Xai-Xai district and the consequent search for care in the traditional healing networks, a qualitative methodology with an ethnographic character was used in the research. Although Xai-Xai is the capital of Gaza, a major province in Mozambique, the Tsonga are still very much embedded in traditional healing networks. On the other hand, the network of the National Health System is also present and not very precarious, relative to the rest of the country. This peculiarity has led us to the central inquiry of the work: as far as HIV + patients are concerned, the health services of the Xai-Xai city district have reception facilities that are as appropriate to the ontological presumptions of the local culture as the traditional cure? Our hypothesis is that the mismatch of inadequate care for Tsonga patients prompts them to intensify the search for alternative care to conventional medicine in traditional networks. The methodology we chose allowed us to understand the patients' experiences not only from the questions presented verbally, but we can also follow their daily practices related to the search for cure. The research made us realize that the absence of dialogue between biomedicine and traditional healing networks greatly influences the high number of deaths and non-retention of patients in antiretroviral treatment-TARV even with the constant reinvention of HIV+ patient care policies. The colonial situation of this relationship is consubstantiated in the negation or subalternization of local knowledge even by native actors who work in the national health system.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2015-10-07T23:04:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MELO, Djalma_Disserta??o_.pdf: 1363038 bytes, checksum: 8b415af54af849b2eaea3b988489cd9d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-07T23:04:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MELO, Djalma_Disserta??o_.pdf: 1363038 bytes, checksum: 8b415af54af849b2eaea3b988489cd9d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / This thesis deals with the debates which were mobilizing intellectuals around the schooling of gymnastics, music and dance in the Educational Reformation of the Bahia State, enacted in January 5, 1881.Examines how social and racial hierarchies appear in that debate to understand how the public education policy conflicted with the cultural practices of those who sought to educate.Thus realizes the course planned for social evolution and body care from the mix of scientific and pedagogical theories of those intellectuals, as well as the reaction of those to whom these theories were addressed.For writing this thesis we researched a wide range of documents such as articles and theses from doctors of Bahia School of Medicine, newspapers, minutes and correspondence sent by the Director of Public Education to teachers, dissertations produced by teachers for appointment in public schools, the minutes of the regular sessions of the plenary of the provincial legislature, Reports of the Work of the Interim Governing Council, and Examiner Committees from the 1? and 2? Districts of public schools.From the intersection of these sources was possible to prepare an analysis whose perspective is elucidating another chapter in the social history of education in Bahia. / Esta disserta??o tratados debates que mobilizavam os homens letrados em torno da escolariza??o da gymnastica, da musica e da dan?a na Reforma da Instru??o P?blica da Bahia,sancionada em 5 de janeiro de 1881. Examina como as hierarquias sociais e raciais aparecem nesse debate para entender de que forma a pol?tica de instru??o p?blica entrava em conflito com as pr?ticas culturais daqueles que visava educar.Desta forma, percebe os rumos planejados para a evolu??o social e higiene corporal a partir da miscel?nea de teorias cient?ficas e pedag?gicas daqueles intelectuais,bem como a rea??o daqueles a quem essas teorias eram endere?adas. Para a escrita deste trabalho pesquisamos um diversificado leque de documentos como artigos e teses de doutores da Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia,notici?rios e artigos da imprensa,atas e correspond?ncias enviadas pelo Diretor de Instru??o P?blica a professores, of?cios,disserta??es produzidas por professores para provimento de vaga nas escolas p?blicas, atas das sess?es ordin?rias das plen?rias dos legisladores da prov?ncia, Relat?rios dos Trabalhos do Conselho Interino de Governo e das Comiss?es Examinadoras do 1? e 2? Districtos das escolas p?blicas.Do cruzamento dessas fontes foi poss?vel elaborar uma an?lise que tem como perspectiva elucidar mais um cap?tulo da hist?ria social da educa??o na Bahia.

Tendo em vista a compreensão dos significados atribuídos às infeções oportunistas pelos pacientes HIV+ entre os moçambicanos da etnia Tsonga do distrito de Xai-Xai e a consequente busca de atendimento nas redes tradicionais de cura, na pesquisa adotamos uma metodologia qualitativa com caráter etnográfico. Embora Xai-Xai seja a capital de Gaza, importante província de Moçambique, ali, os Tsonga ainda estão muito inseridos nas redes tradicionais de cura. Por outro lado, a rede do Sistema Nacional da Saude se faz também presente e não muito precária, relativamente ao resto do país. Essa peculiaridade nos levou a indagação central do trabalho: no que concerne aos pacientes HIV+ será que os serviços de saúde do distrito da cidade de Xai-Xai dispõem de estruturas de acolhimento tão adequadas aos pressupostos ontológicos da cultura local quanto as redes tradicionais de cura? A nossa hipótese é a de que o desajuste de um acolhimento inadequado aos pacientes Tsonga impele-os a intensificar a busca de cuidados alternativos à medicina convencional nas redes tradicionais. A metodologia que escolhemos permitiu-nos compreender as vivências dos pacientes não somente a partir das questões apresentadas verbalmente, mas também podemos acompanhar as suas práticas cotidianas relacionadas a busca de cura. A pesquisa fez nos perceber que a ausência do diálogo entre a biomedicina e as redes tradicionais de cura influência em grande medida o elevado número de óbitos e a não retenção dos pacientes em Tratamento antiretroviral- Tarv mesmo com as constantes reinvenções de políticas de assistência aos pacientes HIV+. A situação colonial dessa relação se consubstância na negação ou subalternização do conhecimento local mesmo por atores nativos que atuam no sistema nacional de saúde. / In order to understand the meanings attributed to opportunistic infections by HIV+ patients among the Tsonga Mozambicans in the Xai-Xai district and the consequent search for care in the traditional healing networks, a qualitative methodology with an ethnographic character was used in the research. Although Xai-Xai is the capital of Gaza, a major province in Mozambique, the Tsonga are still very much embedded in traditional healing networks. On the other hand, the network of the National Health System is also present and not very precarious, relative to the rest of the country. This peculiarity has led us to the central inquiry of the work: as far as HIV + patients are concerned, the health services of the Xai-Xai city district have reception facilities that are as appropriate to the ontological presumptions of the local culture as the traditional cure? Our hypothesis is that the mismatch of inadequate care for Tsonga patients prompts them to intensify the search for alternative care to conventional medicine in traditional networks. The methodology we chose allowed us to understand the patients' experiences not only from the questions presented verbally, but we can also follow their daily practices related to the search for cure. The research made us realize that the absence of dialogue between biomedicine and traditional healing networks greatly influences the high number of deaths and non-retention of patients in antiretroviral treatment-TARV even with the constant reinvention of HIV+ patient care policies. The colonial situation of this relationship is consubstantiated in the negation or subalternization of local knowledge even by native actors who work in the national health system.

Les seniors n'auraient que récemment brisé le « tabou de la jeunesse» (Rochefort, 2004) et ne semblent de facto, plus exclus des pratiques physiques et corporelles. Ainsi , l''augmentation croissante de leur groupe d'âge (Richet-Mastain, 2007), réinterroge les problématiques autour de la corporéité de l'individu vieillissant, de son rapport à l'activité physique mais aussi à son corps de manière générale. L'étude du senior et de sa corporéité, définie par l'« ensemble des traits concrets du corps comme être social » (Berthelot, 1983), constitue un objet de recherche relativement nouveau dans l'horizon de la sociologie contemporaine, et permet d'aborder scientifiquement la complexité du lien que nourrissent les pratiques corporelles avec ce groupe pluriel d'individus portant fréquemment « les stigmates de l'âge » (Lebreton , 2006). De par les enjeux déterminants induits par ce groupe social, et la diversité manifeste de ces mêmes seniors, cette interrogation sur leur corporéité prend de par sa réalité démographique et sociale, toute sa complexité mais aussi toute sa légitimité. Quelles sont alors les raisons de pratiques, et les motivations réelles des seniors s'adonnant à des pratiques corporelles ? Leur corporéité est-elle alors, subie ou choisie ? Quelles sont leurs demandes corporelles et quels sens donnent t-ils à ces dernières ? / Seniors would have only recently broke the "taboo of Youth" (Rochefort, 2004) and seem to excluded from the more physical and bodily practices. Thus, the increasing of their age group (Richet-Mastain , 2007), re-examines the issues surrounding the corporeality of the aging individual, its relation to physical activity , but also to the body in general. The study's senior and his corporeality, defined by "all concrete features of the body as a social being" (Berthelot, 1983) is a relatively new research topic in the horizon of contemporary sociology, and allows to address the complexity of the scientific link nourish body practices with this group of individuals carrying plural frequently "the stigma of age" (Lebreton , 2006). Due to the critical issues arising from this social group, and the apparent diversity of these seniors, this question takes on their corporeality because of its demographic and social reality, its complexity but also its legitimacy . What then are the reasons for practices and the real motivations of seniors engaged in bodily practices ? Their physicality is it then suffered or chosen ? What are their personal demands and what meaning do they give them ?

Tendo em vista a compreensão dos significados atribuídos às infeções oportunistas pelos pacientes HIV+ entre os moçambicanos da etnia Tsonga do distrito de Xai-Xai e a consequente busca de atendimento nas redes tradicionais de cura, na pesquisa adotamos uma metodologia qualitativa com caráter etnográfico. Embora Xai-Xai seja a capital de Gaza, importante província de Moçambique, ali, os Tsonga ainda estão muito inseridos nas redes tradicionais de cura. Por outro lado, a rede do Sistema Nacional da Saude se faz também presente e não muito precária, relativamente ao resto do país. Essa peculiaridade nos levou a indagação central do trabalho: no que concerne aos pacientes HIV+ será que os serviços de saúde do distrito da cidade de Xai-Xai dispõem de estruturas de acolhimento tão adequadas aos pressupostos ontológicos da cultura local quanto as redes tradicionais de cura? A nossa hipótese é a de que o desajuste de um acolhimento inadequado aos pacientes Tsonga impele-os a intensificar a busca de cuidados alternativos à medicina convencional nas redes tradicionais. A metodologia que escolhemos permitiu-nos compreender as vivências dos pacientes não somente a partir das questões apresentadas verbalmente, mas também podemos acompanhar as suas práticas cotidianas relacionadas a busca de cura. A pesquisa fez nos perceber que a ausência do diálogo entre a biomedicina e as redes tradicionais de cura influência em grande medida o elevado número de óbitos e a não retenção dos pacientes em Tratamento antiretroviral- Tarv mesmo com as constantes reinvenções de políticas de assistência aos pacientes HIV+. A situação colonial dessa relação se consubstância na negação ou subalternização do conhecimento local mesmo por atores nativos que atuam no sistema nacional de saúde. / In order to understand the meanings attributed to opportunistic infections by HIV+ patients among the Tsonga Mozambicans in the Xai-Xai district and the consequent search for care in the traditional healing networks, a qualitative methodology with an ethnographic character was used in the research. Although Xai-Xai is the capital of Gaza, a major province in Mozambique, the Tsonga are still very much embedded in traditional healing networks. On the other hand, the network of the National Health System is also present and not very precarious, relative to the rest of the country. This peculiarity has led us to the central inquiry of the work: as far as HIV + patients are concerned, the health services of the Xai-Xai city district have reception facilities that are as appropriate to the ontological presumptions of the local culture as the traditional cure? Our hypothesis is that the mismatch of inadequate care for Tsonga patients prompts them to intensify the search for alternative care to conventional medicine in traditional networks. The methodology we chose allowed us to understand the patients' experiences not only from the questions presented verbally, but we can also follow their daily practices related to the search for cure. The research made us realize that the absence of dialogue between biomedicine and traditional healing networks greatly influences the high number of deaths and non-retention of patients in antiretroviral treatment-TARV even with the constant reinvention of HIV+ patient care policies. The colonial situation of this relationship is consubstantiated in the negation or subalternization of local knowledge even by native actors who work in the national health system.

Notion universelle transcendant les cadres spatio-temporels, la toilette apparaît comme l’interface entre la manifestation du rapport intime de l’homme avec son corps et celle d’un système sociétal normatif, car elle traduit un besoin de maîtrise de l’apparence et d’appartenance à un groupe social. Le corps à la fois moyen et résultat de ces pratiques ne correspond plus à un modèle de référence sur lequel peut s’appuyer l’étude de ces sociétés du passé, nous poussant à nous tourner vers des manifestations matérielles pour tenter de définir des gestes et des intentions. Guidés par l’ensemble des données disponibles, archéologiques, iconographiques et épigraphiques nous nous proposons de définir les pratiques de la toilette et leurs rôles dans les sociétés égéennes de l’Âge du Bronze en croisant les données. Une enquête préalable sur les ustensiles utilisés et les moyens matériels, tant dans une approche analytique qu’historiographique, a été nécessaire afin de dégager leurs caractéristiques et de clarifier les données. La confrontation des objets de toilette avec leurs environnements de découverte a permis de mettre en évidence leur présence dans des lieux spécifiques révélant des pratiques qui dépassent l’idée d’une simple toilette quotidienne et qui dévoilent surtout l’intérêt porté à ces objets en tant que biens identitaires et de prestige. L’observation d’autres sources informatives complètent cette approche en permettant d’accéder à des notions plus abstraites relatives aux intentions. Cette étude s’inscrit dans une archéologie sociale destinée à saisir les éléments d’une histoire socioculturelle du corps et de ses manifestations pour une approche anthropologique. / Toiletry consists of a universal feature across periods and geographies. It is the articulation between the intimate relationship of one with one’s body and the necessity of conformity to a defined set of social rules; personal care and body alterations show the need to control one’s image and, consequently, the affirmation of belonging to a specific social group. As both the vehicle and the result of such practices, the body alone cannot be considered as a satisfactory study subject in order to understand past societies. Therefore, toiletries, as material expressions of body care, come as essential complementary elements to define gestures and intentions. Based on the cross analysis of archaeological, iconographic and epigraphic data currently available, our study aims at defining personal care practices and their meaning within the societies of the Aegean basin during the Bronze Age. Based on a preliminary survey of the objects used, and following an analytical and historiographic approach, our work presents toiletry items within the environment where they were discovered: the presence of such objects in specific locations shows that body care practices went far beyond a simple daily hygiene routine and emphasises the social meanings of toiletries, which were also marks of prestige and of identity. The study of complementary sources introduces more abstract notions regarding the intentions. This study in social archaeology is intended as a contribution to a socio-cultural history of the body and of its expressions within an anthropological approach.