Solicitud de envío manuscrito de artículo científico. / Este estudio analiza las percepciones del consumidor acerca del uso de la característica moda sostenible, empleada a través del vintage y el upcycling, como parte de la estrategia de branding de una marca independiente ubicada dentro del emporio comercial de Gamarra en Perú. Se realizó una metodología cualitativa para analizar sus percepciones respecto al caso de estudio elegido, la marca Infinity Beyond, la cual comercializa las técnicas de moda sostenible antes mencionadas. Se llevaron a cabo 15 entrevistas semiestructuradas a mujeres clientas de la marca y seguidoras de su cuenta oficial en la red social Instagram. La característica Moda Sostenible dentro de la estrategia de branding de una marca independiente ubicada en el emporio textil de Gamarra ayuda a diferenciarla y posicionarla frente a los demás pequeños negocios porque presenta características y beneficios relacionados a la sostenibilidad y autenticidad de sus productos, aunque el público no necesariamente conoce con exactitud qué es moda sostenible. / This study analyzes consumer perceptions about the use of the sustainable fashion characteristic, especifically vintage and upcycling, as part of the branding strategy of an independent brand located at the commercial emporium of Gamarra in Peru. A qualitative methodology was carried out to analyze the perceptions regarding the chosen case of study. It was the brand, Infinity Beyond, which markets the aforementioned sustainable fashion techniques. Fifteen semi-structured interviews were carried. The participants were women, clients of the brand and followers of its Instagram official account. The sustainable fashion characteristic in the branding strategy of an independent brand located at the textile emporium of Gamarra helps to position and differentiate it from other small businesses, because it presents characteristics and benefits related to the sustainability and authenticity of its products, even though the public does not necessarily know exactly what sustainable fashion is. / Tesis

Esta investigación constituye como tema principal el binarismo de género el cual, a lo largo de la historia, se ha hecho presente por la asignación normativa de formas de expresión, actuar y apariencia física a los sexos hombre y mujer. Este espectro, al clasificar los sexos en únicamente dos géneros (masculino y femenino), ha conllevado a que se construyan roles de género e ideales, los cuales han producido estigmas y patrones de género que perjudican a las personas que no se identifican y/o se expresan de forma distinta a su género asignado al nacer. Por ello se ha realizado un análisis teórico que estudia al binarismo y su vínculo con la indumentaria, lo cual permite entender de qué manera se manifiesta visualmente la diferenciación entre sexos y hasta qué punto trasciende esto a las conductas y formas de expresión de las personas. El presente trabajo busca estudiar a un grupo de jóvenes para entender su percepción acerca del binarismo de género en la indumentaria y como se manifiesta o no en la forma que visten. Posteriormente, al análisis teórico se buscará respuesta al objetivo principal mediante entrevistas y focus group, para analizar de una forma más cercana sobre sus experiencias, conocimientos y percepciones, en base a la teoría del binarismo de género y sus manifestaciones. / This research constitutes the main theme of gender binarism which, throughout history, has been made present by the normative allocation of forms of expression, action and physical appearance to the sexes of men and women. This spectrum, by classifying the sexes into only two genders (male and female), has led to the construction of gender roles and ideals that have produced stigmas and gender patterns that harm certain people who do not identify and / or express themselves differently from their gender assigned at birth. For this reason, a theoretical analysis has been carried out that studies binarism and its link with clothing that allows us to understand how it manifests itself visually and to what extent it delimits the behavior of people according to their assigned gender. This work seeks to study a group of young people to understand their perception of gender binarism in clothing and how it is manifested or not in the way they dress. Subsequently, the theoretical analysis will seek an answer to the main objective through interviews and focus groups, to analyze more closely about their experiences, knowledge and perceptions, based on the theory of gender binarism and its manifestations. / Trabajo de investigación

Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate the influence e-WOM through social network sites has on consumers focusing on brand perception and purchase intention.  Methodology: A qualitative study was applied with the semi-structured online interview conducted with nine respondents across Bangladesh. The collected primary data were transcribed and thematically analyzed with the reviewed literature.  Findings and Conclusion: We conclude that e-WOM through SNS helps consumers to select smartphones and gadgets. Due to paid reviews and negative influencers, trustworthiness is vital on SNS reviews. Also, the recommendation from known sources or personal research increases brand perception. Rather than relying on single reviews on SNS, it is highly recommended to justify the reviews for purchase intention of smartphones or gadgets. Contribution of the Thesis: This study suggests that e-WOM through SNS influences consumers' purchase of smartphones or gadget brands. It is recommended for the managers to determine reviewers on SNS regarding smartphone or gadget brands. Besides, this study exposes the importance of trustworthiness in SNS reviews.  Suggestion for the Future Research: We suggest future research on a similar topic using a larger sample size. We also propose a comparative study with two or more countries on similar products to determine differences and results relatively. Besides, this study only focused on smartphones or gadget items; focusing on different products with larger audiences might be done for future research. Furthermore, future research could be done

With the gradual rise of Web-2.0 based platforms, Internet users were given the possibility to interact with each other in virtual communities. Originating from this development was the concept of user-generated content (UGC), which implies that people were able to enrich each other’s user-experiences by sharing creative efforts and communicating openly (O’Reilly, 2007).   As Web 2.0 features continued to grow, marketers became aware of the opportunities this new development online created and how they could use it to their advantage (De Chernatony & Christodoulides, 2004). The development online however also faces companies with challenges, as consumers now are able to create and share opinions and thoughts about brands, which to an extent is uncontrollable by companies (Christodoulides et al., 2012). Just as marketer-controlled communication can create new brand associations in the minds of consumers, for better or worse - so can also externally-generated communication, such as brand-related UGC, do.   Knowing that consumers generally trust what other consumers say about products more than marketing communication (Cheong & Morrison, 2008; Song & Yoo, 2016), and that there does not exist much research on how consumers perceive brand-related UGC, this is a considerably important topic to study. A classic way of studying communication effectiveness is through credibility, which is argued to be a major determinant of whether consumers accept and adopt what is communicated (e.g. Hovland et al., 1953). Thus, the purpose of this thesis is to gain an understanding of how consumers assess credibility of brand-related UGC and furthermore, what their consequent responses are.   A qualitative approach was taken as the purpose is to gain insight rather than proving a point. The interviews were semi-structured and formed around three Instagram posts relating to a specific brand, which were deliberately chosen based on the content of the theoretical framework developed. Through using these example cases, interviewees’ first reactions could be captured and their reasoning around credibility could be followed and discussed.   The results from this study indicate that there exists a certain level of irritation as well as a scepticism towards brand-related UGC. This seem to stem from a suspicion that most content that promotes products and brands is part of sponsored collaborations, into which consumers put noticeably much distrust. Beyond questioning sponsorship, it was also found that the source played a particularly important role when assessing credibility. When a source is familiar, it is easier to determine credibility of brand-related UGC, and credibility furthermore increases with perceived expertise, attractiveness and trustworthiness. The channel through which a message is communicated also matters, as it is more difficult to be ingenuine through a video than an image or a text, which implicated that consumers may find videos more credible than other media formats. The message itself was also deemed to influence the credibility assessment, as the message was questioned both based upon common sense but also on knowledge and previous experience.   As for practical implications, this study indicates that encouraging or generating positive brand-related UGC through paid collaborations, is a balancing act, into which much consideration needs to be put. With the evident irritation that consumers feel when it comes to brand-related UGC, marketers should be careful to push too much positive brand communication onto the consumer, or it will turn negative. To come across as genuine, the “who”, ”what” and ”how” of communication should be carefully considered.

Following the call for further research on the consumer perspective of corporate ethics, this research sets out to explore and conceptualize the construct of ‘Consumer Perceived Ethicality’ (CPE), referring to consumers’ aggregate and valenced perceptions of a subject’s(i.e. a company, brand, product, or service) ethicality. Results present novel insights into how positive/negative CPE is formed and impacted by various kinds of corporate conduct, thereby offering some explanations as to why some companies benefit from positive while others suffer from negative moral equity.<p> / Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Diploma thesis is focused on the brand building proces of the retail chain with sports equipment Decathlon. Appropriate theoretical concepts for brand development and for identification of competition are identified in the thesis. On the basis of this knowledge and using the methodology of market and competition analysis, the next part of the thesis analyzes the brand and its position towards competition, the market, as well as the survey of customer perception. The final step is to formulate suitable measures for brand development in the chosen market, which are based on the previous parts of the work.

El mundo se encuentra atravesando por una pandemia que ha causado cambios en distintos rubros y algunos efectos negativos. Entre ellos están las miles de muertes alrededor del planeta y la crisis económica. En el Perú, la industria publicitaria también se ha visto afectada. Por ello, muchas marcas han adaptado su contenido publicitario al contexto utilizando diversos componentes como la narrativa, los mensajes publicitarios orientados a lo emocional y el engagement para poder generar percepciones positivas en las personas. En ese sentido, la presente investigación busca analizar la percepción de los estudiantes de una universidad privada en Lima sobre la adaptación del contenido audiovisual publicitario de la marca Entel, del rubro de telecomunicaciones, debido a la coyuntura del COVID-19. Para ello, se empleará una metodología cualitativa enfocada en la percepción de los estudiantes con respecto a algunos componentes del contenido publicitario. / The world is facing a global pandemic that has caused changes in various areas and some negative effects. One of them is the thousands of deaths around the planet and economic crisis. In Peru, the advertising industry has also been affected. For this reason, many brands have adapted their advertising content to the context using various components such as narrative, emotional-oriented advertising messages and engagement to be able to generate positive perceptions in people. In this sense, the present document seeks to analyze the perception of students of a private university in Lima about the adaptation of the advertising audiovisual content of Entel , of the telecommunications category, due to the conjuncture of the COVID-19. To this end, a qualitative methodology will be used that focuses on students' perception of some components of advertising content. / Trabajo de investigación

El mundo y las personas que se encuentra en un constante cambio. Los ideales cambian y se va adecuando a los contextos sociales de los cuales formamos parte. Este cambio no es ajeno a las marcas, las cuales saben que necesitan adaptarse para poder seguir teniendo presencia en la vida de sus consumidores. Es en ese camino donde aparecen marcas que nos hablan de valores y emociones contextualizados a su entorno, que nos hacen sentir que formamos parte de una comunidad que es avalada por ellas mismas. Tal es el caso de Pilsen Callao, que durante más de una década se ha dirigido al público peruano con concepto de amistad, pero que en su última campaña titulada “Por la amistad todo”, ha demostrado una ejecución emocional de este de una manera sin precedentes en la historia de la marca y en la del Perú. En ese sentido, el presente documento interpreta la recepción del consumidor de la marca con el propósito de esclarecer su percepción sobre esta última campaña realizada. De esta manera, se puede identificar si es que de verdad este cambio en el manejo del concepto ha sido bien recibido por el público al que se dirige. La población para esta investigación es de 18 a 29 años, estudiantes de la carrera de Comunicación Audiovisual y Medios Interactivos de la UPC. / The world and the people are in constant change. Ideals change and it adapts to the social contexts of which we are part. This change is no stranger to brands, which know that they need to adapt in order to continue having a presence in the lives of their consumers. It is on this path where brands appear that speak to us of values ​​and emotions contextualized to their environment, which make us feel that we are part of a community that is endorsed by themselves. Such is the case of Pilsen Callao, which for more than a decade has addressed the Peruvian public with the concept of friendship, but in his latest campaign entitled "Por la amistad todo", have demonstrated an emotional execution of this in an unprecedented way in the history of the brand and in that of Peru. In this sense, this document interprets the consumer's reception of the brand in order to clarify their perception of this latest campaign. In this way, it is possible to identify if this change in the handling of the concept has really been well received by the public to whom it is addressed. The population for this research is between 18 and 29 years old, students of the Audiovisual Communication and Interactive Media career at the UPC. / Trabajo de investigación

El presente trabajo analiza la percepción de la generación millennial respecto al product placement utilizado en las películas peruanas. Este estudio opta por escoger el film de “Asu Mare 3”, el cual logró tener una gran aceptación por el público peruano. Si bien es cierto, el product placement es considerada una gran herramienta publicitaria en el mundo cinematográfico, puesto que brinda la gran recordación de marcas. Debido a que las generaciones van cambiando con el pasar de los años, esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la percepción de los jóvenes millennials hacia esta estrategia. Por ello, este trabajo utiliza una metodología cualitativa para comprender la perspectiva del consumidor y descubrir si la estrategia publicitaria sigue brindando beneficios positivos para una marca. Además, el enfoque que usa la presente investigación es el estudio de caso, el cual permite usar diversos recursos como entrevistas, documentos o reportes para la recopilación de información. / This work analyzes the perception of the millennial generation regarding the product placement used in Peruvian films. This studio chooses to choose the film "Asu Mare 3", which managed to have a great acceptance by the Peruvian public. Although it is true, product placement is considered a great advertising tool in the cinematographic world, since it provides great brand recall. Because the generations change over the years, this research aims to analyze the perception of young millennials towards this strategy. Therefore, this work uses a qualitative methodology to understand the consumer's perspective and discover if the advertising strategy continues to provide positive benefits for a brand. Furthermore, the approach used in this research is the case study, which allows the use of various resources such as interviews, documents or reports for the collection of information. / Trabajo de investigación

La interacción parasocial es un fenómeno que está presente en las relaciones de la audiencia con los influencers, sin embargo, no es tomada en cuenta en la elaboración de estrategias de marketing con influencers, quienes, hoy en día, cumplen un rol importante en la comunicación de las marcas. El presente trabajo es un estudio cualitativo realizado mediante entrevistas a especialistas en marketing, psicología y comunicaciones que busca profundizar en el conocimiento de la dinámica de la interacción parasocial entre influencers y su audiencia y sus efectos sobre la percepción de marca para determinar maneras de poder aprovecharla en beneficio de la marca. Con los hallazgos, se pudo determinar la consideración de la interacción parasocial en las estrategias de marketing actuales, los beneficios que esta trae para influencers y marcas; y maneras de poder gestionarla a través del mismo influencer. Debido a que es un elemento que surge en la audiencia, la interacción parasocial es una variable bajo el control del público. Es solo gestionable a través del influencer, mediante elementos relevantes a considerar desde la etapa de planeación de la estrategia, y, de esa manera, aprovechar la interacción parasocial desde etapas iniciales y no solo descubrirla en el desarrollo de una campaña. / Parasocial interaction is a phenomenon present in the relationships between audiences and influencers, however, it is not taken into consideration in the development stages of marketing strategies with influencers, who play an important role in brands’ communication today. This paper is a qualitative investigation carried out through interviews with marketing, psychology and communications specialists which looks for expanding the knowledge of the dynamics of parasocial interaction between influencers and their audiences and its effects on brand perception to determine ways to obtain brand benefits. With this study, it was possible to determine the role of parasocial interaction in current marketing strategies, the benefits it brings to influencers and brands; and ways to manage it through the influencer. Since it is an element that originates in the audience, parasocial interaction is a variable under their control. It is only manageable through the influencer, considering relevant elements since the planning stages of the strategy, so, that way, the brand can benefit from parasocial interaction since the planning stages and not only in the development stage of a campaign. / Tesis