Na seguinte dissertação é desenvolvida uma aproximação à obra de Mario Roberto Álvarez parcializada em função de suas edificações de densidade em altura em Buenos Aires e limitada a um tipo de explicação projetual baseada na hipótese de que a produção desenvolvida por Álvarez, por sua extensão e transcendência, é capaz de aportar um conhecimento do projeto arquitetônico vital para entender o desenvolvimento da arquitetura moderna, sua relação com a cidade e sua vigência como uma arquitetura importante para o presente. O trabalho dedica as primeiras páginas ao desenvolvimento e exposição de uma metodologia de investigação do projeto e à apresentação do arquiteto em questão e sua obra dentro do contexto histórico e cultural em que se acha inserta. A partir do terceiro capítulo se estabelece uma seleção de suas obras mais significativas para esta aproximação, são analisadas uma por uma e se desenvolve uma reflexão teórica de caráter geral e relacional entre todas elas. Para o desenvolvimento da análise e das reflexões foi utilizado, como ferramenta de conhecimento, o próprio sistema de projeto, buscando estabelecer um conhecimento que surja a partir do diálogo permanente entre projeto e pensamento. Finalmente, o trabalho foi julgado como uma aproximação inicial a um campo de reflexão teórica do projeto, ligado à realidade da arquitetura moderna latinoamericana e, em particular, à experiência desenvolvida na Argentina. / In the following dissertation there is a development of an approach to Mario Roberto Álvarez' work partialized in relation to its buildings of density in height in Buenos Aires and delimited to an explanation from the projection point of view. This explanation is based on the hypothesis that the production developed by Álvarez, for its extension and transcendence, is capable of providing knowledge about the architectonic project, vital to understand the development of modern architecture, its relationship with the city and its validity as a major architecture for the present. The work dedicates its first pages to the development and statement of the project research methodology and to the introduction of the architect in question and his work within the historical and cultural context in which it is inserted. From the third chapter on, there is a selection of his most significant works for this approach, they are analyzed one by one and there is a development of a theoretical meditation of a general and a relational character, among all of them. For the analysis and meditation development, the knowledge tool used was the project system itself, looking for the setting up of knowledge arising from the permanent dialogue between project and thoughts. Finally, the work is assessed as an initial approach to a field of theoretical thought of the project connected to the reality of Latin American modern architecture and in particular, the experience developed in Argentina.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Humanas, Departamento de História, Programa de Pós-Graduação em História, 2016. / Submitted by Albânia Cézar de Melo (albania@bce.unb.br) on 2016-08-19T16:33:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_IsabelaAlvesdeOliveira.pdf: 2277401 bytes, checksum: 9e421a9354ce9989d2310f20aeb0ea85 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Guimaraes Jacqueline(jacqueline.guimaraes@bce.unb.br) on 2016-09-20T10:21:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_IsabelaAlvesdeOliveira.pdf: 2277401 bytes, checksum: 9e421a9354ce9989d2310f20aeb0ea85 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-20T10:21:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_IsabelaAlvesdeOliveira.pdf: 2277401 bytes, checksum: 9e421a9354ce9989d2310f20aeb0ea85 (MD5) / Este trabalho analisa os relatos de festas constantes do periódico La Broma, produzido por integrantes da comunidade negra de Buenos Aires entre 1876 e 1882. Considerando a centralidade, no jornal, de eventos como o carnaval, as tertúlias, as rifas, os bailes e as festas públicas, buscou-se compreender como esses eventos se relacionavam com a ideia de progresso da comunidade negra, defendida pelos redatores de La Broma. Por meio da análise de editoriais que explicavam o título do jornal e seu tipo de humor, do relativo silenciamento sobre a cor, das notícias e artigos sobre os carnavais e dos anúncios e relatos das festas em geral, tenciona-se mostrar os sentidos e os usos da noção de progresso pelo La Broma. Tais usos são entendidos como forma de atuação política para enfrentar a exclusão social, produzida por noções como a barbárie associada às comunidades negras, ou seja, como características raciais na sociedade portenha. Os diferentes sentidos das festas evidenciam, ademais, os conflitos internos às comunidades negras, que os redatores procuravam enfrentar promovendo a união. Os relatos das festas em La Broma revelam, portanto, as diferentes estratégias empreendidas pela comunidade negra portenha para combater a exclusão e o racismo e buscar a igualdade. ______________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / This work analyzes the reports about celebrations in La Broma, a journal edited by members of the black community of Buenos Aires between 1876 and 1882. Considering the centrality of events such as the carnival, the gatherings, raffles, dances and public holidays in the newspaper, we sought to understand how these festivities were related to the idea of progress of the black community, as defended by La Broma’s editors. Through the analysis of the editorials which explained the paper's title and its kind of humour, the relative silence regarding the color, news and articles about the carnivals, announcements and reports of celebrations in general, this work intends to show the meanings and uses of the notion of progress in La Broma. These uses are conceived as a form of political action to tackle social exclusion produced by the construction of notions such as the barbaric character of blacks, that is, as racial characteristics in Buenos Aires society. In addition, the different meanings of the celebrations show internal conflicts inside the black communities, which the editors sought to tackle by promoting union. Reports of celebrations in La Broma reveal therefore the different strategies undertaken by the black porteños to combat exclusion and racism and to seek equality.

O objetivo desta pesquisa é fazer uma análise comparativa das políticas públicas de revitalização dos centros históricos adotadas pelas cidades de Buenos Aires e São Paulo. Busca-se verificar quais as contribuições das políticas de cada cidade para a efetiva preservação do patrimônio histórico-cultural e a criação de novos equipamentos e atividade culturais e de lazer. Esta dissertação procura traçar um panorama histórico das transformações ocorridas nestes centros históricos e as políticas públicas implantadas em ambas as cidades. Também analisa como as duas cidades procuraram reverter a situação de abandono e degradação destas regiões e a reação de cidade a deterioração do espaço físico/urbano. O método de trabalho consistiu em fazer o levantamento das políticas públicas de revitalização adotadas por cada uma das cidades durante as décadas de 70, 80, 90 e inicio do século XXI. Buscou-se identificar quais os programas e ações relacionadas à criação e a renovação de equipamentos culturais e de lazer. Em complemento foi feito uma analise comparativa entre os modelos adotados pelas duas cidades na qual se procura identificar as semelhanças além identificar os principais mecanismo financeiro e instrumentos legais utilizados em cada cidade. / The main objective of this research is a comparative analysis between Buenos Aires and São Paulo City government programs for the recovery of the downtown neighborhood/region. For that, was analyzed the effective contribution of public policies in the preserve historical and cultural assets of each city and the development of new leisure and cultural centers/initiatives. This essay propose a to investigate a history of transformations occurred in the Buenos Aires and São Paulo downtown and the public policies implement in both cities. Is also object of analysis methodology and effective actions that those two cities had done to revert the decadence of the downtown area. The methodology used in this investigation based on the research of the public policies adopted by each city during the decades of 70´s, 80´s, 90´s and beginning of the XXI century. For that, was investigated the main actions related to the creation and renovation of the leisure and cultural centers/initiatives. As a complement was done a comparative analysis between the models adopt by each city and based on this comparison was highlight the difference in legal and financial model adopts in the renovation by each city.

Na seguinte dissertação é desenvolvida uma aproximação à obra de Mario Roberto Álvarez parcializada em função de suas edificações de densidade em altura em Buenos Aires e limitada a um tipo de explicação projetual baseada na hipótese de que a produção desenvolvida por Álvarez, por sua extensão e transcendência, é capaz de aportar um conhecimento do projeto arquitetônico vital para entender o desenvolvimento da arquitetura moderna, sua relação com a cidade e sua vigência como uma arquitetura importante para o presente. O trabalho dedica as primeiras páginas ao desenvolvimento e exposição de uma metodologia de investigação do projeto e à apresentação do arquiteto em questão e sua obra dentro do contexto histórico e cultural em que se acha inserta. A partir do terceiro capítulo se estabelece uma seleção de suas obras mais significativas para esta aproximação, são analisadas uma por uma e se desenvolve uma reflexão teórica de caráter geral e relacional entre todas elas. Para o desenvolvimento da análise e das reflexões foi utilizado, como ferramenta de conhecimento, o próprio sistema de projeto, buscando estabelecer um conhecimento que surja a partir do diálogo permanente entre projeto e pensamento. Finalmente, o trabalho foi julgado como uma aproximação inicial a um campo de reflexão teórica do projeto, ligado à realidade da arquitetura moderna latinoamericana e, em particular, à experiência desenvolvida na Argentina. / In the following dissertation there is a development of an approach to Mario Roberto Álvarez' work partialized in relation to its buildings of density in height in Buenos Aires and delimited to an explanation from the projection point of view. This explanation is based on the hypothesis that the production developed by Álvarez, for its extension and transcendence, is capable of providing knowledge about the architectonic project, vital to understand the development of modern architecture, its relationship with the city and its validity as a major architecture for the present. The work dedicates its first pages to the development and statement of the project research methodology and to the introduction of the architect in question and his work within the historical and cultural context in which it is inserted. From the third chapter on, there is a selection of his most significant works for this approach, they are analyzed one by one and there is a development of a theoretical meditation of a general and a relational character, among all of them. For the analysis and meditation development, the knowledge tool used was the project system itself, looking for the setting up of knowledge arising from the permanent dialogue between project and thoughts. Finally, the work is assessed as an initial approach to a field of theoretical thought of the project connected to the reality of Latin American modern architecture and in particular, the experience developed in Argentina.

Although the curative model of medical care is predominant it is necessary to consider the palliative strategies at the end-of-life. The inter-relation of dying children, their families and pediatric palliative care teams are seldom analyzed outside Palliative Care. However, it is important to ethnographically think about the disturbing experiences of body and subject disintegration while people are directly experiencing them, even when the person is a child or a newborn baby. A central topic in this study is how personhood, body formation and disintegration, and childhood can be understood within the context of unevenly constructed and shared palliative communication with and without words. Hence, I analyze in this study how a Palliative Care Team in the city of Buenos Aires provides care, communicates, and ultimately produces a particular companionship to dying children and their families. This work is built on qualitative information gathered and produced during my four-month fieldwork with the Palliative Care Team. The ethnographic techniques (participant observation, non-participant observation and open-ended semi-structured interviews) I conducted show that their strategies of care and communication have as the main goal the process of companionship at the end of children’s lives. It is necessary to understand how patients, parents, and other family members are situated in this field of tensions between restorative and palliative medicine, and brought into this culture of Palliative Care in a public children’s hospital. My research asks, in what ways are pediatric Palliative Care practices exclusive to the social and cultural contexts of Buenos Aires? This work has three main sections: 1. care, 2. communication, and 3. companionship. In section one I focus on the clinical and non-clinical aspects of care involving the professionals’ and volunteers’ practices of giving care. In section two I concentrate my attention on the verbal and non-verbal aspects of the Palliative Care Team communication with children and families. In section three I consider the professional production of ‘companionship’. In this thesis I will demonstrate the significance of this concept according to the Palliative Care Team members and how care and communication are the base for the ‘production of companionship.’ / Arts, Faculty of / Anthropology, Department of / Graduate

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2016. / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-20T04:07:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 341088.pdf: 2430828 bytes, checksum: b52328e85b5eee557c934a2b6b0733a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / As expressões ?subúrbio carioca? e ?Lima Barreto? tornaram-se sinônimos para a literatura brasileira a partir do momento em que a obra do cronista e romancista passou a receber o devido reconhecimento, principalmente na forma de estudos acadêmicos tanto no Brasil como no exterior. Desconsiderando o fato de que a maioria dos textos de Lima retrata o centro da cidade, os cafés e suas figuras típicas daquele início de século, o sucesso de Clara dos Anjos e a ausência de outros testemunhos sobre as regiões periféricas à metrópole, tão vivos quanto os desse autor, talvez expliquem essa associação. Do outro lado da fronteira, o bairro periférico à Buenos Aires do início do século serviu de matéria-prima de boa parte da poesia para o argentino Evaristo Carriego, tido por seu maior difusor ? Jorge Luis Borges ? como ?el primer espectador de nuestros barrios pobres?. Porém, até agora, os estudos empreendidos sobre a representação do subúrbio na literatura, no que se refere especialmente ao autor brasileiro, levaram em conta uma visão urbana, geral, sem considerar as especificidades do bairro. A partir de uma proposição de Cruz (2009), que sugere como embasamento, para suprir essa lacuna, os estudos sobre o bairro de alguns historiadores da cidade, arquitetos, antropólogos e geógrafos, este trabalho encontrou, na perspectiva comparativista, um caminho original. Assim, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e utilizando-se de uma seleção de textos que fosse representativa para uma imagem literária do bairro periférico, o estudo teve como objetivo analisar as representações do subúrbio na obra de cada uma dos autores para, como propósito principal, encontrar nos espaços representados traços de semelhança, principalmente levando-se em conta a condição periférica que ocupavam Brasil e Argentina em relação à modernidade. Apesar do mútuo desconhecimento entre os autores, a visão de mundo de ambos parece ser um dos fatores preponderantes para a caracterização de um subúrbio dinamizado, sobretudo, pelas personagens femininas. Como intelectuais orgânicos às classes representadas, em graus diferentes, é preciso apontar, Evaristo Carriego e Lima Barreto foram algumas das poucas vozes ?subalternas? a serem ouvidas num tempo em que as luzes, os cafés e o centro das metrópoles atraíam quase todos os olhares.<br> / Abstract : The terms "Rio de Janeiro suburb" and "Lima Barreto" have become synonyms for the Brazilian literature from the moment the work of the chronicler and novelist began to receive due recognition, especially in the form of academic studies both in Brazil and abroad. Disregarding the fact that most of Barreto's texts portray only downtown Rio, its cafes and its typical figures of that early century, the success of Clara dos Anjos and the absence of other witnesses on peripheral regions to the metropolis, as vivid as his are, may explain such association. Across the border, the suburb of Buenos Aires of the early century served as raw material for much of the Argentine Evaristo Carriego's poetry, considered by his biggest diffuser ? Jorge Luis Borges ? as ?el primer espectador de nuestros barrios pobres? ("the first audience of our poorest neighborhoods", my translation). However, the studies undertaken so far concerning the suburb portrayed in literature, specifically with regard to the Brazilian author, took into account a broad and urban overview, with no consideration as to the neighborhood's specificities. From a proposal made by Cruz (2009) ? which suggested, as basis to fill this gap, studies on the neighborhood of some historians of the city, architects, anthropologists, and geographers ?, this study has found, under a comparativist perspective, an original topic. Therefore, through bibliographical research and the use of a selection of texts that were representative of the suburb's literary image, this study aimed to analyze the depiction of suburbs in the work of each one of the authors in order to, as main objective, find similar traits in the places represented, especially taking into account that Brazil and Argentina occupied a peripheral condition in relation to modernity. Despite the mutual ignorance of one author towards the other, their worldviews seem to be one of the important factors for characterizing a suburb boosted mainly by female characters. As organic intellectuals, in different degrees, of the portrayed classes, it must be pointed out that Evaristo Carriego and Lima Barreto were some of the few ?subaltern? voices to be heard at a time when the lights, the cafes, and the center of the metropolis drawn almost all of the attention.

Recycling is an increasingly important part of waste management, as a measure to reduce the issues connected to the growing amount of waste in the world. An official recycling scheme has recently been implemented in the city of Buenos Aires in Argentina as a way to reduce the amount of waste that is being landfilled. The aim of this study is to assess the recycling system, using the holistic approach of Integrated Sustainable Waste Management (ISWM), and establish the main influencing factors and their correlated issues. The purpose of the study is to contribute to sustainability within the area of waste management and provide a basis that can be used for future research and suggestions. The methodology included a literature review and background research, field studies and data collection. The study includes the elements of waste generation, primary disposal, collection, treatment and final disposal. It was found that the main factors that are influencing the recycling system concern technological focus, misinterpreted drivers underlying the system, conflicts between stakeholders and a lack of systematicity and flexibility. The conclusion finds that the recycling system is still in its early stage, but in need of improvements and would benefit from the more holistic approach of Integrated Sustainable Waste Management.

Esta tesis tiene por objetivo general conocer el modo en que se configuran las emociones de los sujetos receptores de programas de transferencias condicionadas de ingreso (PTCI) en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires en relación con sus prácticas de consumo entre los años 2012 y 2016. Partiendo de concebir a las Políticas sociales como las formas en que el Estado percibe, organiza y articula los distintos modos de resolución de la cuestión social y su contribución con la reproducción del régimen de acumulación, se realizará un recorrido por las intervenciones sociales que han tenido lugar en la Ciudad hasta llegar a la consolidación de los PTCI implementados en dicho territorio: La asignación Universal Por Hijo y Ciudadanía Porteña. En pos de abordar la articulación entre políticas sociales, emociones y consumo y el modo en que los PTCI han ido configurando unas emociones y unas prácticas de consumo particulares en relación al lugar de destinataria, se utiliza una estrategia de indagación cualitativa, a partir del uso de entrevistas en profundidad. Como hallazgos principales podemos sostener que el consumo de las destinatarias se liga los modos aprehendidos de ser buena madre a la vez que se ciñen a lo descrito como útil, mínimo y necesario.

According to our constitutional law (article 18) the legal process in court covers not only the right to prove the information that shows whether something is a fact or not; but also the right to have a fair hearing (article 14.1 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights) . The prosecuting lawyer and the defendant must try to prove the facts with evidence that will support their claims by all possible and legal means. And the judge who leads the trial will decide on the sentence with freedom and imparciality. In this research, we pretend to prove that the judge´s imparciality has been put at risk in Buenos Aires State since 1998, when the law that regulate the trial, was reformed.

La investigación se realizó en la cuenca del arroyo El Divisorio, el que desemboca en el embalse Paso de las Piedras, aportando el 20 % del agua y el 50 % de los contaminantes de origen natural que condicionan la calidad del recurso hídrico, cuando sus concentraciones superan los valores límites establecidos para el consumo humano. Este almacenamiento es utilizado para abastecer de agua potable a las ciudades de Bahía Blanca, Punta Alta e industrias allí radicadas, con una población de aproximadamente 400.000 habitantes. Un período de sequía regional, originó que el embalse se encuentre en la actualidad en situación de emergencia hídrica y además agravado por la proliferación de algas. Las principales actividades económicas realizadas en esta zona son las explotaciones ganaderas y agrícolas, que determinan una importante presencia de población rural residente y estable en el lugar, que hace uso del recurso. Utilizando las cartas del IGM e imágenes satelitales, se definieron los límites de la cuenca para el estudio geomorfológico, clasificación hidrológica de suelo y ubicación de los sitios de muestreos. La hidroquímica se detalló mediante mapas que indican la distribución espacial de las concentraciones de los elementos tóxicos encontrados para las distintas fechas de muestreos, confeccionados con el programa Software Surfer V.8, luego de los correspondientes análisis estadísticos (InfoStat). En el estudio hidrológico se analizaron estadísticamente los registros históricos de las precipitaciones, se construyeron las curvas IDF, hp-A-d e hietogramas de diseño y reales. Con el modelo HEC-HMS 3.3 se analizaron las relaciones precipitación-escurrimiento y por último se realizó el Balance hídrico de la cuenca. La hidrodinámica responde a los aportes de las precipitaciones en la cuenca superior y en el sector medio-inferior se concentran los escurrimientos superficiales, provocando rápidas ondas de crecidas hacia la desembocadura. La recarga hídrica se produce principalmente por los aportes de las precipitaciones en primavera-verano y las ocurrencias de eventos de 100 mm en periodos cortos, producirían notables aumentos en los escurrimientos superficiales que alterarían el ecosistema local. El incremento de dichos caudales depende principalmente de las condiciones de humedad del suelo y sobre todo de la duración del evento. Las precipitaciones durante el estudio tuvieron registros inferiores al promedio, con consecuencias en la hidrodinámica de la cuenca y una notable reducción del volumen de agua embalsada. Las aguas provenientes del escurrimiento superficial se cargan de elementos tóxicos de origen natural (As, F, V, B, Cd, Na PO4, HCO3 y N-NO3) a medida que la corriente va lavando el material rocoso en la cabecera y sedimentario en el resto de la cuenca, siguiendo la dirección del flujo. A diferencia, en las aguas subterráneas las mayores concentraciones de dichos elementos están distribuidas espacialmente en zonaciones heterogéneas, condicionadas por las variables geoquímicas locales. Las concentraciones de estos oligoelementos superan en muchos casos a los valores de referencia y su utilización prolongada en el tiempo compromete la salud de la comunidad rural, incluidas escuelas, cooperativas y otras instituciones radicadas en el ámbito de la cuenca. Por otra parte, debe considerarse los aportes tanto de flujo superficial como del subterráneo que la cuenca realiza al embalse Paso de las Piedras. / The research was carried out in the basin of El Divisorio stream, which flows into Paso de las Piedras reservoir, providing 20 % of water and 50 % of the natural contaminants that determine the quality of the water resource, a harmful situation when concentrations exceed established guideline values for human consumption. This storage is used to provide drinking water to the cities of Bahía Blanca and Punta Alta and their industries, with a population of approximately 400,000 inhabitants. A period of regional drought resulted in the current water emergency situation of the reservoir, compounded by algal blooms. The main economic activities in this area are agriculture and farming, which determine a strong presence of a residing and stable rural population, which uses this water resource. The boundaries of the basin for the geomorphological study, the soil hydrological classification and the location of sampling sites were defined using maps of the Instituto Geográfico Militar (Military Geographical Institute) and satellite images. Hydrochemical characteristics were described with maps that show the spatial distribution of concentrations of toxic elements found for the different sampling dates, using Surfer 8 software, after the corresponding statistical analysis (InfoStat). In the hydrological study, historical rainfall records were statistically analyzed; IDF (intensity-duration-frequency) curves and DAD (depth-area-duration) curves as well as design and real hyetographs were constructed. Relationships between rainfall and run-off were analysed with HEC-HMS 3.3 models and, finally, water balance for the basin was calculated. Hydrodynamics are affected by rainfall contributions in the upper basin; surface run-off is concentrated in the middle-lower sector, causing rapid flood waves towards the mouth. Water recharge occurs mainly as a result of spring-summer rainfall contributions; 100 mm-events in short periods might cause significant increases in surface run-offs altering the local ecosystem. The increase in volume of flow depends mainly on soil moisture conditions and, above all, on event duration. Rainfall recorded during the study was less than average, thus affecting the hydrodynamics of the basin and significantly reducing the water volume collected in the reservoir. Natural contaminants (As, F, V, B, Cd, Na PO4, HCO3 and N-NO3) are added to surface run-off water as the current erodes the rock material at the headwaters and the sedimentary material in the rest of the basin, following the direction of the flow. Conversely, the highest concentrations of the said elements in groundwater show a heterogeneous spatial distribution, determined by local geochemical variables. Concentrations of these trace elements in many cases exceed reference guideline values and long-term exposure to them threatens the health of the rural population, including schools, cooperatives and other institutions located in the area of the basin. On the other hand, contributions from both surface and groundwater flow in the basin to Paso de las Piedras reservoir should be considered.