Småföretag utgör den ekonomiska motorn som påverkar nationers utveckling. Därför bör de kontinuerligt stödjas för att fortsatt kunna främja länders utveckling. 99 % av alla bygg- och anläggningsföretag är idag småföretag och på grund av branschens höga konjunkturkänslighet, låga inträdeshinder och hårda konkurrens löper de stor risk att misslyckas. Detta medför en efterfrågan på strategisk forskning som kan appliceras på deras speciella karaktärsdrag; flexibilitet och småskalighet. Strategisk forskning har genom historien haft olika fokus vid förklarandet av företags konkurrenskraft. Idag riktas forskningen mot ett internt perspektiv där den resursbaserade teorin är den mest använda. Då den externa miljön är i ständig förändring och kunders preferenser är volatila skapar inte det externa perspektivet en säker grund för att förstå företags konkurrenskraft.   Syftet med studien är att ur ett internt och externt perspektiv öka förståelsen kring hur konkurrenskraft kan stärkas för småföretag inom bygg- och anläggningsbranschen. Detta genom att identifiera centrala resurser samt studera hur dessa förnyas, tillämpas och utvecklas. För att besvara syftet har en kvalitativ studie genomförts där den primära datainsamlingen utgjordes av fem semi-strukturerade intervjuer. Två undersökningsföretag valdes ut efter ett strategiskt urval. Kriterierna var att företagen skulle klassificeras som småföretag och vara marknadsledande.  Utifrån studien kan det fastslås att det inte var tillräckligt att enbart analysera den resursbaserade teorin för att förstå hur småföretag inom bygg- och anläggningsbranschen stärker sin konkurrenskraft. Undersökningsföretagen belyste vikten av deras externa relationer med kunderna. Kundrelationerna hade en direkt koppling till företagens konkurrenskraft i form av avtal och rykte. Att endast analysera det interna perspektivet hade resulterat i en bristfällig analys av dessa resursers påverkan på konkurrenskraften. Således adderades det relationella synsättet efter analys av empirin. Utifrån dessa två perspektiv kunde det konstateras att små bygg- och anläggningsföretag stärker sin konkurrenskraft genom att skapa inbäddade relationer med kunder och anställda samtidigt som heterogena resurser måste förnyas, tillämpas och utvecklas. Genom detta kan konkurrensfördelar skapas. / Small businesses constitute the economic engine which affects nations’ development. That is why they continuously need support to further encourage the development of countries. 99 % of all the construction companies are today small businesses and due to the industry’s high sensitivity to economic fluctuation, low entry barriers and intense competition there is a high business failure rate. This leads to a demand of strategic research that can be applied on their special characteristics, flexibility and small scaled. Strategic research has throughout the history had a different focus in explaining businesses competitiveness. Today, research is more directed towards an internal perspective whereas the resource-based theory is the most used. As the external environment is constantly changing and customers’ preferences are volatile the external perspective cannot form a secure foundation to use in the understanding of business competitiveness.  The purpose of this study is from a resource-based view increase the understanding of how competitiveness in small businesses in the construction industry can be strengthened. This by identifying key resources and study how these are renewed, applied and developed. To answer the purpose of the study, a qualitative study has been used whereas the primary data collection consists of five semi-structured interviews. Two businesses where chosen by a purposive sampling. The criteria’s where that the businesses would be classified as small businesses and be leaders of the market.  Based on the study it can be established that it is not sufficient to only analyze the resourcebased theory in order to understand how small businesses in the construction industry strengthen their competitiveness. The research businesses highlighted the importance of their external customer relations. The customer relationships had a direct connection to the businesses competitiveness in terms of contracts and reputation. Only analyzing the internal perspective would have resulted in an inadequate analyze of these resources impact on competitiveness. Thus, the relational view was added to the study after analyze of the gathered data. Through these two perspectives it was noted that small construction businesses competitiveness strengthens through embedded relationships with their customers and employees while at the same time renewing, applying and developing heterogenic resources. Through this, a competitive advantage can be created.

In light of a stronger recognition of the need for sustainable business practices as “business as usual” no longer presents itself as a viable option, this study aims to cast light on the current work of Swedish SMEs with integrative sustainability. Within the academic field of sustainability in business, the latest years have seen the emergence of multiple frameworks that promote a holistic sustainability approach to conducting business. The single firm becomes a connecting member of an extensive stakeholder network and by operating in an economically, environmentally and socially sustainable manner, the business seeks to create value for a variety of stakeholder groups, rather than focusing on monetary objectives set by shareholders. These new integrative frameworks shift the understanding of a firm from a profit-maximiser to that of a value-creator that acts sustainably to cater to the needs of all its stakeholders. However, as the models have only recently featured across academia, their real-life applicability and viability are contested, and in some ways, remains under-researched, particularly in the context of SMEs. With Sweden as a leading example in sustainability implementation, this study attempts to provide insight into how SMEs work with the elements of these frameworks and which opportunities and challenges they encounter during implementation. Through conducting detailed, qualitative and personal semi-structured interviews with the CEOs of six sustainability-minded Swedish SMEs of different industrial backgrounds, this research gauges the current organisational efforts being made in terms of sustainability and relates them to the integrative value-creating frameworks to identify congruences, divergences and room for improvement in line with latest theories. The main conclusions drawn as part of this process include the continued, at least partial, unfamiliarity of businesses with the frameworks, despite a large degree of compatibility of current practical efforts and existing academic theory. Value creation is moving closer to being included in the core of the business model, yet while absolute profit maximisation receives less attention, hesitation towards implementing sustainability more integratively is driven by concerns of losing grounds for profitability. The establishment of clusters and strong relationships leading to mutual synergies is found as a potential way to provide firms with the structural support to shift fully towards value-creation as envisioned by the investigated frameworks.

Este estudo tem por objetivos analisar as variáveis do Ambiente Organizacional Externo, à luz das Teorias da Organização Industrial e da Visão Baseada em Recursos, reconhecidas pelo dirigente como adequadas à administração estratégica da pequena empresa. As relações das Pequenas Empresas com o Ambiente Organizacional Externo (EOE) é menos investigada proporcionalmente do que os aspectos do dirigente e da estrutura dessas empresas. Não são encontrados portanto estudos sobre pequenas empresas industriais, de comércio e de serviços e suas relações com seu Ambiente Organizacional Externo principalmente no meio científico, com o enfoque dado nessa pesquisa. Por Ambiente Organizacional Externo compreende-se o entorno externo imediato da organização, composto por fatores como clientes, concorrentes, fornecedores, marcos legais, regulatórios e variáveis macroeconômicas. Esses fatores são abordados com diferentes enfoques pelas duas teorias de referência nessa pesquisa. A compreensão do EOE pode significar para as PE sobrevivência e competitividade tanto quanto as decisões internas do dirigente com respeito a custos e gestão de empregados. Para aprofundamento desses aspectos 154 pequenas empresas dos setores de indústria, comércio e serviços das regiões de São Carlos-SP e de Ribeirão Preto-SP, no Estado de São Paulo, foram objeto de levantamento de dados. A pesquisa é de natureza quantitativa, utilizando-se das 37 questões do instrumento \"Diagnóstico Empresarial\" do Programa ALI - Agente Local de Inovação do Sebrae (Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas). Constatou-se a não relevância para o dirigente dos fatores: da missão e da visão, do registro de informações e para a variável clientes. Já para os fatores gestão dos empregados e fornecedores os resultados da relevância para o dirigente não foram conclusivos. Para o fator exigências legais e marcos regulatórios constatou-se que há relevância para o dirigente. Os resultados apontam para necessidade de complementos qualitativos de investigação mas sinalizam que, para essa amostra, os dirigentes não \"percebem e não dão atenção\" a fatores muitas vezes julgados como essenciais para sobrevivência e competitividade das pequenas empresas, como clientes, fornecedores e registro de informações. / This study aims at analysing the variables of the External Organizational Environment (EOE) in the light of the Theory of the Industrial Organization and Theory of the Resource-Based View, acknowledged by the owner as suitable for the strategic administration of the small business (SB). The relations between Small Businesses and the External Organizational Environment is less investigated when comparing with the managers aspects and the businesses structure. Therefore, there are not studies, on small industrial, commerce or service businesses and their relations with the External Organizational Environment, and even less in the scientific field, that would focus on the issues the present research brings. For External Organizational Environment one understands the immediate external surroundings of the organization, composed by factors as customers, competitors, providers, legal and regulatory marks, macroeconomic variables These factors are approached with different foci by two the referential theories of this research. Understanding the External Organizational Environment can mean for the SB survival and competitivity as much as the internal decisions of the owner regarding costs and the management of collaborators. In order to deepen this perspectives, one took as the data base for this investigation 154 small businesses of industry, commerce and service sectors around the regions of São Carlos - SP and Ribeirão Preto - SP, in the State of São Paulo. The investigation is of quantitative nature, using the 37 questions of the instrument \"Business Diagnosis\" of the pro Programme ALI Local Agent of Innovation from Sebrae. It was confirmed the non relevance for the Owner of the practices of mission and of vision; it was confirmed the non relevance for the Owner of the practice of information registry; it was confirmed the non relevance for the Owner for the variable costumers. As for the factors management of collaborators and providers the relevance results for the Management were not conclusive; for the factor legal demands and regulatory marks it was found that there is relevance for the Owner. The results point to the necessity of qualitative complements of investigation. But they signal that, for this sample, the Owners do not notice and do not pay attention to factors many times considered as essential for the survival and the competitiveness of the small business, factors such as costumers, providers and registration of information.

A ocorrência de desequilíbrio no ambiente econômico impõe ajustes na estratégia e na alocação de recursos pelas firmas. A literatura em estratégia prediz a reação da firma ao desequilíbrio de acordo com seus recursos, as forças competitivas de mercado e os mecanismos para economizar em custos de transação. Entretanto, estas perspectivas assumem homogeneidade nas capacidades gerenciais, habilidades e experiências das firmas; em outras palavras, não há espaço para o empreendedor. De fato, as investigações sobre o empreendedor focam o seu comportamento ao risco, o processo de julgamento relacionado ao seu modelo mental e outros conceitos que não são diretamente observáveis. Esta tese de doutorado propõe um modelo baseado em capital humano e capital social para conectar as teorias isoladas sobre estratégia e empreendedorismo. Ainda mais, este modelo integra a teoria sobre empresas familiares pela sua importância na formação de capital humano e capital social das firmas. O estudo empírico investigou a escolha estratégica e a ação empreendedora de famílias de produtores rurais no Brasil. Especificamente, avaliou os produtores que mudaram de uma estratégia de liderança em custo para uma estratégia de diferenciação, no contexto da produção de cafés. O primeiro estudo investigou os mecanismos de influência da família na formação de capital humano e capital social. O capital humano é formado pela educação formal e pela experiência herdada da família. As investigações sobre capital social focaram o número de conexões familiares e a duração da relação com o comprador de café. O segundo estudo empregou modelos Probit, Tobit e Cox para estimar a probabilidade de troca de estratégia em uma amostra de 135 produtores de café. O terceiro estudo introduziu a decisão de governança na investigação sobre a escolha de estratégia; para cumprir com este objetivo, foi aplicado um modelo de Switching regression para controlar os efeitos endógenos nas decisões de governança e estratégia, em uma amostra de 255 observações. Os resultados indicaram que os empreendedores investem em educação formal para melhor avaliar os cenários e para tomar ações empreendedoras. Apesar de estudos anteriores apontarem um efeito positivo da experiência herdada da família, os resultados encontrados sugeriram efeitos contingenciais. A experiência da família contribuiu para a inércia das estratégias das firmas. Entretanto, em interação com o capital social, a experiência da família favoreceu positivamente a adoção de novas estratégias. Outro efeito importante foi que a experiência da família aumentou o desempenho da estratégia de diferenciação. O capital social da família contribui muito para prever a tomada de ações empreendedoras. Especificamente, o número de conexões sociais aumentou a probabilidade de ajustar a estratégia quando existem contratos, ainda mais, sugeriu que pessoas socialmente conectadas têm vantagens de cooperação para estabelecer contratos, refinar os seus termos e promover sua estabilidade. As relações duradouras suportaram a emergência de confiança entre os agentes, o que permitiu a decisão de fazer investimentos específicos mesmo na ausência de arranjos de proteção. Esta pesquisa propõe um modelo de análise do capital humano e capital social para prever a tomada de ação empreendedora e a escolha de estratégia. Ainda mais, propõe um modelo de investigação dos efeitos positivos da família nos negócios, em que estabelece a importância da herança educacional e da transmissão de capital social para as gerações futuras. Esta é a primeira pesquisa a debater teoricamente e a testar empiricamente os argumentos de capital humano e capital social com base em um modelo integrado das teorias de empresas familiares, empreendedorismo e estratégia. / The occurrence of disequilibrium in the economic environment imposes adjustments on a firms strategy and allocation of resources. The literature on strategy predicts the firms reaction to disequilibrium according to the existing set of resources, the competitive forces in the industry and the transaction-cost economizing mechanisms. However, these perspectives assume the homogeneous managerial ability, skills, and experiences of firms; in other words, there is no room for the entrepreneur. In fact, investigations on entrepreneurs rely on the risk-taking behavior, judgment processes related to cognitive mental models, and other concepts that are not directly observable. This doctoral dissertation proposes a framework based on human capital and social capital dimensions to connect the isolated strategy and entrepreneur theory. Moreover, the framework links the family business theory for its importance in the formation of human capital and social capital of firms. The empirical study investigated the strategy choice and entrepreneurial action of family farmers in Brazil. Specifically, it investigated the farmers who switched from the low-cost strategy to differentiation strategy in the coffee production context. The first study investigated the mechanisms of family influence on the formation of human capital and social capital. Human capital comprises the formal education and the experience inherited from family. The investigations on social capital focused the number of family ties and the relationship duration with the coffe buyer. The second study applied Probit, Tobit and Cox Models to estimate the probability of switching strategies in a 135 farmers sample. The third study introduced the governance decision in the investigation of strategy choice; to accomplish this objective, it was applied a Switching regression model to control for endogenous effects on governance and strategy decisions, in a 255 observations sample. The results indicated that entrepreneurs invest on education to better evaluate scenarios and take entrepreneurial action. Although previous studies had indicated a positive effect of experience inherited from family, the research findings suggested contingent effects. The experience inherited from family contributed to inertia in firm strategies. However, in interaction with social capital, the experience positively contributed to adoption of new strategies. Another important effect was that experience inherited from family enhanced the performance of differentiation strategy. The family social capital largely contributes to predict the entrepreneurial action. Specifically, the number of social connections enhanced the probability to switch strategy when exist contracts, moreover, suggested that socially connected people take advantages of cooperation to establish contracts, to refine its terms and to promote its stability. Enduring relationships supported the emergence of trust among agents, which enabled the decision to make specific investments even in the absence of protection arrangements. This research proposes an analytical model that evaluates human capital and social capital to predict entrepreneurial action and strategy choice. Furthermore, it proposes an analytical model to evaluate the positive family effects on business, which establishes the importance of education endowments and the transmission of social capital to future generations. This is the first research to theoretically debate and empirically test human capital and social capital arguments based on an integrated overview of family business, entrepreneurship and strategic management theory.

Esta dissertação estuda os processos de formação e produção de bairros exclusivos para a população de alta renda, que se concentram no setor sul de Bauru-SP. O recorte espacial é definido pelos cinco loteamentos Jardins Estoril, com área aproximada de 110 hectares, de propriedade de uma única família. A aprovação do primeiro loteamento estritamente residencial unifamiliar, o Jardim Estoril 1, em 1957, e a implantação do último, o Residencial Jardim Estoril 5, em 2008, definem o recorte temporal. Através da análise da inserção da família Martha em Bauru, da atuação de suas empresas no mercado imobiliário, dos processos de aprovação, implantação e comercialização dos loteamentos e dos investimentos públicos no setor sul, mostra-se como a concepção de loteamento estritamente residencial unifamiliar se mantém, ao mesmo tempo em que se adéqua às demandas do setor imobiliário, ao longo de cinquenta anos. / This essay studies the formation and produce of exclusive neighborhoods to highincome population that is concentraded in the southern sector of Bauru-SP. The spacial area is defined by the five allotments Estoril yard, with an area of 110 hectares approximately, owned by a single family. The approval of the first strictly single-family residential allotment, the Estoril 1 yard, in 1957, and the implantation of the last one, the Residential Estoril 5 yard, in 2008, set the temporal cut. Through the analysis of Marthas family involvement in Bauru, of the approval processes, implantation and marketing of housing developments and public investments in the southern sector, shows itself as the design of strictly single-family residential subdivision remains, at the same time that fits the demands of the real estate sector over fifty years.

This study examines the recovery process of businesses in Homestead, Florida after Hurricane Andrew in 1992. The goal of this study was to determine which organizational characteristics were useful in predicting the level of physical damage and the length of time to reopen for affected businesses. The organizational characteristics examined were age, size, pre-disaster gross sales, ownership of the business location, membership in the Chamber of Commerce, and property insurance. Three-hundred and fifty businesses in the area were surveyed. Because of the complexity of the recovery process, the disaster experiences of businesses were examined using three paradigms, organizational ecology, contingency theory, and configuration theory. Models were developed and tested for each paradigm. The models used the contextual variables to explain the outcome variables; level of physical damage and length of time to reopen. The SIC was modified so that it could form the framework for a taxonomic examination of the businesses. The organizations were examined at the level of division, class, subclass, and order. While the taxa and consistent levels of physical damage, the length of time needed to reopen varied greatly. The homogeneous level of damage within the groups is linked to similarity in assets and transformation processes. When examined using the contingency perspective, there were no significant relationships between the level of physical damage and the contextual variables. Only predisaster gross sales and level of physical damage had moderate strength associations with the length of time to reopen. The configuration perspective was applied by identifying clusters of organizations using the contextual variables. Clusters were identified and examined to determine if they had significantly different disaster experiences. The clusters varied significantly only by the length of time to reopen. The disaster experience of businesses is conceptualized as a process of accumulation-deaccumulation-reaccumulation. The level of physical damage is driven by selection while the lenght of time to reopen is determined by both adaptation and selection.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:32:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Agnes Magalhaes Rodrigues.pdf: 956857 bytes, checksum: 3f7beae0c5e2a084d18d81912001ff61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-11-10 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The present work consists in a qualitative study on common brazilian workers that, taken by the unemployment circumstances produced by productive restructuration, turned themselves into owners of small family businesses that generate income. It also can be described as a study on how different people build their daily survival, constituting themselves. It is a study which intends to clarify the way these people live and survive, mostly of them ruled by the state of poverty. From a discussion on the knowledge, the present study aimed at identifying the meanings of self-employment in small family businesses that generate income, found in the narratives of the study participants and in the field-theme. By field-theme, comprehending everything that refers to a subject, a debate without limits or boundaries. In this field emerged themes like: self-employment, microcredit, entrepreneurship, family businesses and popular economy, which together built a fruitful field of discussion and construction of knowledge. Oral history was used to include in the debate the knowledge and life experience of the five interviewees, whose narratives were submitted to the method of discourse analysis. The problems that conducted the study concern the possibility of an ecology of knowledge on the understanding of the meanings of family self-employment, analyzing ideological processes presents in the field and possibilities of emancipation. By ecology of knowledge, comprehending a system of knowledge from different origins, not just scientific, which coexist on the construction of a different society, its a term used by Boaventura de Souza Santos. The identification of the meanings of family self-employment by the voices of those present in the field allowed questioning the general notion linked to entrepreneurship. Concluding that the term entrepreneurship is used as a government strategy to keep the status quo and avoid social conflicts, by spreading that the solution for unemployment is to become an entrepreneur. This speech prioritizes the individualism and must be elucidated, so when people choose self-employment, they do it consciously, as a possible life strategy, not deluded by the speech of being your own boss as an opportunity of success / Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo sobre trabalhadores (as) brasileiros (as) comuns que, levados pelo desemprego produzido pelas transformações no mercado de trabalho, transformaram-se em proprietários (as) de pequenos negócios familiares geradores de renda. Pode ser descrito também como um estudo sobre maneiras como diferentes pessoas constroem a sobrevivência diária, constituindo a si mesmos. É um estudo que se propõe a dar visibilidade aos modos de viver e sobreviver dessas pessoas em sua maioria regida pela situação de pobreza. A partir de uma discussão sobre o conhecimento, o presente estudo teve como objetivo a identificação dos sentidos do auto-emprego em pequenos negócios familiares geradores de renda, presentes nas narrativas dos participantes do estudo e no campo-tema. Por campo-tema, compreende-se tudo o que remete a um assunto, um debate sem limites e sem fronteiras. Nesse campo emergiram temas como: auto-emprego, microcrédito, empreendedorismo, empresas familiares e economia popular que juntos construíram um profícuo campo de discussão e construção do conhecimento. Utilizou-se a história oral para fazer presente no debate o conhecimento e a experiência de vida dos cinco participantes entrevistados, cujas narrativas foram submetidas ao método da análise do discurso. A problemática que dirigiu o estudo diz respeito à possibilidade de uma ecologia de saberes na apreensão dos sentidos do auto-emprego em família, analisando processos ideológicos presentes no campo e possibilidades de emancipação. Por ecologia de saberes entende-se um sistema de saberes, de origens diferentes e não apenas científicos que coexistem na busca da construção de uma sociedade diferente, termo utilizado por Boaventura de Souza Santos. A identificação dos sentidos do auto-emprego em família pelas vozes presentes no campo permitiu problematizar a noção geral circulante vinculada ao empreendedorismo. Conclui-se que o termo empreendedorismo é utilizado como uma estratégia de governo no sentido de manter o status quo e evitar o conflito social ao propagar que a solução para o desemprego é se tornar um empreendedor. Esse discurso prioriza o individualismo e deve ser elucidado, de modo que as pessoas ao optarem pelo auto-emprego o façam conscientemente como possibilidade de estratégia de vida e não iludidas pelo discurso do ser seu próprio patrão como oportunidade de sucesso

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:21:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodolfo Rubens Martins Correa.pdf: 4277144 bytes, checksum: 30c982dc8fdf8e5078d2e4c6017a4a62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-24 / There is a new associative mechanism in Brazil referred to as a Business Cooperation Network (BCN) that has come to be utilized more and more frequently. BCNs consist of a clustering of small or middle-sized business entities that come together with the objective of the joint development of some activity that are common to all of them. This is achieved through the means of a new business entity formed for the purpose, even while the individual members maintain their own functional autonomy, owner's capital and legal identity as a company. Through the administrative policies developed by the government of the State of Rio Grande of the South, this new type of association has proliferated such that various BCNs are currently active. To the contrary of the configurations used in other countries, there is no legal personification to these business groupings; they have found in civil associations the most adequate structures to accommodate them. Therefore, the absence of proper norms for this new type of association has lead to legal problems that have no expressed solution in legislation. This research paper has the objective of filling in one of these voids. The question to be answered by the present study is whether or not the responsibility of answering to BCN liabilities and obligations corresponds to the member business entities clustered within them. The study has unfolded in three stages. Firstly, Brazilian legislation was analyzed with the purpose of finding answers to the questions raised. Secondly, a survey was carried out by visiting BCNs in the State of Rio Grande of the South in order to interview their directors and verify what practices they have adopted and what their perspectives are on them. Finally, a study of comparative rights was made to verify how the theme was treated in other countries where these clusters have their own legislation. The study sought to verify if there isn't a legal solution expressly provided for by law for this issue. From the survey it was discovered that the BCNs are consolidated as such, and that some of them are headed towards a new level of activity in this form. In almost all the countries studied, the option was for the subsidiary responsibility of the members of the BCNs as an offset to the lack of owner's capital. In conclusion, a coherent legal solution was sought to the issue in question based on all the facets of the study carried out / Há no Brasil um novo mecanismo associativo denominado rede de cooperação empresarial que tem sido utilizado cada vez mais no meio empresarial. Rede de cooperação empresarial consiste em um agrupamento de pequenas ou médias sociedades empresárias que se unem com o fim de desenvolverem em conjunto algumas atividades que lhes são comuns, através de uma nova pessoa jurídica constituída, mas mantendo a personalidade jurídica própria e a autonomia funcional e patrimonial de cada associada. Através de políticas públicas desenvolvidas pelo Governo do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul esse novo tipo associativo tem proliferado e várias redes de cooperação estão em atividade atualmente. Ao contrário do que ocorre em outros países, não há personificação jurídica própria para esses agrupamentos empresariais, que encontraram na associação civil a estrutura mais adequada para abrigá-las. Porém, a ausência de normas próprias para esse novo tipo associativo redunda em problemas jurídicos sem solução expressa na legislação. Este trabalho tem por objetivo o preenchimento de uma dessas lacunas. A indagação a ser respondida pelo presente estudo é se há ou não responsabilidade subsidiária das sociedades empresárias agrupadas em redes de cooperação empresarial pelas obrigações desta. A pesquisa se deu em três etapas. Primeiramente foi analisada a legislação brasileira no intuito de encontrar respostas à questão suscitada. Em segundo lugar foi realizada pesquisa de campo, por meio de visitas a redes de cooperação do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, para entrevistar seus dirigentes e verificar quais são as práticas adotadas pelas mesmas e suas perspectivas. Por fim, realizou-se um estudo de direito comparado para verificar como o tema é tratado nos países onde esses agrupamentos empresariais têm legislação própria. Verificou-se não haver uma solução jurídica expressamente prevista na lei para a questão levantada. Pela pesquisa de campo descobriu-se que as redes de cooperação estão consolidadas como tais, e algumas delas caminham para um novo nível de atividade em conjunto. Em quase todos os países estudados optou-se pela responsabilidade subsidiária dos membros dos agrupamentos empresariais como uma contrapartida à ausência de capital social. Concluindo, buscou-se apresentar uma solução jurídica coerente ao problema levantado, com base em toda a pesquisa realizada

This thesis deals with the EU internal market, focusing on the recent developments related to the Single Market Act of 2010. At the same time, the work deals with a critical assessment of selected instruments of the internal market, improving the business environment and thereby promote the competitiveness of European enterprises. Selected instruments which are rated in the work were selected on the basis of the content of EU Single Market Act, specifically the thesis evaluates additional funding for businesses, instruments of the European public procurement system and ultimately the EU regulatory environment and tools for administrative burdens reduction.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:26:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camila Maximiano dos Santos.pdf: 872173 bytes, checksum: 97c60429e41e0006a5ab1de84aadd552 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-14 / In a new way to study small businesses than the theories of entrepreneurship, we seek to understand from the point of view of internal stakeholders, the figures relating to organizational competition are being built in a small industrial company in the cer amic hub of the city of Pedreira, São Paulo. These values are constructed by stakeholders in social interactions through language, guide their actions and are reflected in organizational practices, procedures and typical behavior observed in organization s. From the interpretive paradigm, the interactionist perspective and based on the qualitative method, we chose a single case study strategy. We conduct the company chosen to build the empirical material, the total of 13 interviews, in - depth with the found er and semistructured with other internal stakeholders, and we use non - participating observations and documents, making use of qualitative analysis for presentation and interpretation of these discursive materials. The results revealed ten values related to organizational competition: expert knowledge of the founder, opening opportunities, informal procedures, commitment to growth, compliance with certain legal obligations, facing challenges, immediacy, no transparency, personhood in relationships and non - compliance with commitments, which sometimes were underlying practices with only a few individuals of the same group of stakeholders. Above all, these values were guided by worldviews of the founder, organizational needs and aspects of economic, social and political context in which stakeholders were inserted. The study of organizational values related to competition in this small company was a first step to discuss issues relating to the survival of Brazilian micro and small enterprises. / Em um novo caminho para estudar pequenas empresas que não as teorias de empreendedorismo, buscamos compreender, sob o ponto de vista dos stakeholders internos, como os valores relativos à competição organizacional estão sendo construídos em uma pequena empresa industrial do polo cerâmico da cidade de Pedreira , São Paulo . Esses valores são construídos pelos stakeholder s nas interações sociais por meio de linguagem, orientam suas ações e são refletidos na s práticas organizacionais, comportamentos e procedimentos típicos observados nas organizações. A partir do paradigma interpretativo, na perspectiva interacionista e com base no método qualitativo, optamos pela est ratégia de estudo de caso único. R ealizamos , na empresa escolhida para a construção do material empírico, o total de 13 entrevistas , sendo em pro fundidade com o fundador e semi estruturada com demais stakeholders internos , além de utilizarmos observações não participantes e documentos , fazendo uso da análise qualitativa para apresentação e in terpretação d esses mate riais discursivos . Os resultados revela ra m dez valores relativos à competição organizacional: conhecimento especializado do fundador, abertura a oportunidades, informalidade nos procedimentos, compromisso com o crescimento, cumprimento de certas obrigações legais, enfrentamento de desafios, presenteísmo , não transparência, pessoalidade nas relações e não compromisso com o outro , que , por vezes, estiveram subjacentes às práticas com somente alguns indivíduos do mesmo grupo de stakeholders . Sobretudo, esses valores foram orientados pelas visões de mundo do fundador , necessidades organizacionais e aspectos do contexto econômico, social e político em que seus stakeholders est avam inseridos . O estudo de valores relativos à competição organizacional nessa peque na empresa foi um primeiro passo para discutir questões relativas à sobrevivência das micro e pequenas empresas brasileiras.