A utilização de ferramentas computacionais para modelagem de componentes (sistemas CAD) faz parte da realidade da maioria dos setores de desenvolvimento de produtos das empresas. Os sistemas CAD 3D auxiliam na visualização, simulação e análise do comportamento do protótipo digital sob condições reais, antes mesmo da construção do produto ou da peça, permitindo que os fabricantes lancem produtos com maior rapidez e menor quantidade de protótipos físicos. Uma das vantagens na utilização de sistemas CAD 3D é a parametrização dimensional, o que possibilita ganho de tempo durante as modificações do projeto e a validação de novos produtos. Este trabalho apresenta as formas de aplicação de geometrias paramétricas na otimização estrutural e como meio de redução do tempo de desenvolvimento de um projeto. A validação do projeto foi feita através da Análise por Elementos Finitos (AEF), na qual foi possível estabelecer um coeficiente de segurança aceitável para o mesmo com uma redução do seu peso final, de acordo com as necessidades estabelecidas nas diretrizes do projeto. / The use of computational tools for modeling of components (systems CAD) is part of the reality of the majority of the sectors of development of products of the companies. Systems CAD 3D before assist in the visualization, simulation and analysis of the behavior of the digital prototype under real conditions, exactly of the construction of the product or the part, allowing that the manufacturers launch products with bigger rapidity and minor amount of physical archetypes. One of the advantages in the use of systems CAD 3D is the dimensional parameterization, what it makes possible time profit during the modifications of the project and the validation of new products. This work presents the forms of application of parametric geometries in the structural optimization and as half of reduction of the time of development of a project. The validation of the project was made through Finite Elements Analysis (FEA), in which it was possible to establish a coefficient of acceptable security for the same with a reduction of its final weight, in accordance with the established necessities as lines of direction of the project.

Orientador: Manuel de Jesus Mendes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-14T03:17:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barra_RogerioAlmeida_M.pdf: 12570817 bytes, checksum: 6f017482856bcb42a5bd4d46c88f700e (MD5) Previous issue date: 1989 / Resumo:Os sistemas de manufatura da década de noventa se caracterizarão por uma utilização maciça de computadores. Visando a automação das tarefas envolvidas no ciclo de projeto e manufatura de produtos. Neste sentido, as empresas têm feito grandes investimentos em sistemas CAD. CAN. m.á.quinas CNC. Robôs, etc. O conceito de Manufatura Integrada por Computador-CIM surge da necessidade de que estes sistemas cooperem entre si. a fim de que a empresa opere em um nível máximo d. eficiênc1a. Para isto. Deve ser possível transferir entre sistemas. Dados que tenham um significado comum a eles. de t.al forma que possam ser utilizados pelo sistema que os recebe. Uma parte significativa destes dados a serem trocados diz raspei t.o a. produtos. Neste contexto este trabalho tem por objetivos definir que requisitos um modelo de produto deve satisfazer a fim de prover às aplicações em um sistema CIM todas as informações que elas necessitem verificar os esforços de padronização deste modelo e a relevância destes no que diz respeito à implantação de um sistema que possibilite um efetivo compartilhamento de 1nformações sobre produtos entre seus componentes. Como resultado final é proposta uma arqu1tetura para este sistema / Abstract: Manufacturing systems of the nineties will be distinguished by massive computer use, aiming at automation of tasks along the product design and manufacturing cycle. Thus, companies have invested heavily on CAD/CAM systems, CNC machines, robots, etc. The concept of Computer Integrated Manufacturing-CIM arises from the necessity that these systems cooperate, so that the company operates at a maximum efficiency level. For this, it must be possible transfer, among these systems, data that have a meaning common to them, so that they can be used by the system receiving them. Significant part of the data to be exchanged relates to products. In this context this work intends to define which requirements a product model must. Satisfy in order to provide to applications within a CIM system alI 1nf'ormation they need, verify the efforts to standardize this model and their relevance concerning the implementation of' a system that enables an effective product information sharing among its components. As a final result_ architecture for this system is proposed. / Mestrado / Mestre em Ciências

Submitted by João Arthur Martins (joao.arthur@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-05T18:05:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertação de José Ricardo Menezes3_Definitivo.pdf: 8016285 bytes, checksum: 6836a5a08efb99012d720c033bcee7af (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T18:05:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertação de José Ricardo Menezes3_Definitivo.pdf: 8016285 bytes, checksum: 6836a5a08efb99012d720c033bcee7af (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-17 / Este estudo apresenta a utilização de recursos CAD e CAE como ferramentas de desenvolvimento de novos produtos com proposição ao aumento dos índices de confiabilidade. Para atingir esta meta buscou-se a implementação de um componente do sistema de conformação mecânica por injeção em uma indústria fabricante de chuveiros elétricos. A aplicação de ferramentas qualitativas detectou as falhas críticas do referido sistema e delimitou uma especificação de projeto para concepção de alternativa de solução. A análise por elementos finitos (FEA), permitiu a construção de um novo modelo de agulha para o molde de injeção em consonância às premissas estabelecidas. Decorrido o período da implantação e ajustes pertinentes coletou-se novas amostras da aplicação prática, cujo objetivo foi comparar aos resultados do sistema convencional. Os resultados consolidados corroboram para um aumento significativo dos critérios de desempenho observados, sobretudo no que concerne às funções taxa de falhas, MTTF, e confiabilidade, permitindo-se inferir que os recursos computacionais, constituem-se como alternativa insofismável para resolução dos problemas projetuais desta natureza.

M.Sc. / Layered Manufacturing (LM), also known as "Rapid Prototyping", is that process in terms of which a computer-designed model is created layer by layer with the aid of specific LM hardware. Telemanufacturing constitutes an extension of this technology that allows remote submission of manufacturing jobs or assignments across a communication medium, typically the Internet, to be built at the manufacturing bureau concerned. The de facto standard of LM is the STL file. Simply put, this file consists of a number of triangles that are used to describe an object in its entirety. This file format has several advantages over other known formats and allows easy 2D rendering. Unfortunately, however, the limitations of the latter format outweigh its advantages. Since the entire model is described in terms of a collection of triangles, the original geometry of the model is lost. As a result, a certain level of degradation will occur, especially around curvatures in the model. Although an increase in the number of triangles around such areas will enhance precision, it will also result in a much larger STL file. Triangles that get lost somewhere inside the file could also give rise to holes, orphaned surfaces and zero-width walls in the projected object. It is vital, therefore, that the manufacturing bureau verify the correctness of the entire file before it is built in order to prevent machine time and materials from being wasted. Instead of transmitting the entire file again, the bureau could attempt automatically to correct and repair less critical errors, thereby saving valuable resources and time.

The following project is a collaboration with HRI Teknik and Robomatic AB, that found a possible market for improving cleanliness in grocery stores by improving the hygiene of costumer baskets. Bacteria and left over items in the basket builds up a health risk for the costumers, if not properly cleaned regularly. The dirt and bacteria from the basket is broth home thru the groceries coming in contact during shopping. The need has been strengthened by surveys for the two store managers and the customers of the grocery store. To reduce the spreads of diseases, the baskets should be cleaned better and more frequently by having the proper detergent and cleaning system. The aim of the study is to develop a concept of a cleaning machine for baskets used in grocery stores. This is done by a well- defined technical driven development process, considering all six steps. The supportive research concerning framework has laid as a foundation for the construction of the cleaning machine. Research proves that framework creates a robust and safe construction, absorbing tensile and compressive forces in the longitudinal direction. The outcome from the technical driven process and the theoretical study is a visual, three dimensional model of concept. The concepts main function is to be driven by a belt with hooks, which is hanging on the machine. The baskets are then hanged on the movable belt in order to get cleaned. During the project, resources as material, working place and expertise is provided to sufficient degree so a concept can be developed. Since the project has a limited period of time, it was recognized the project would not be able to get to the production stages. The concept and function need to be tested and investigated to solve the remaining details. This is left for further development beyond the project, and is laying at HRI Teknik and Robomatic AB.

3-D computational modelling of the human spine provides a sophisticated and cost-effective medium for bioengineers, researchers, and ergonomics designers in order to study the biomechanical behaviour of the human spine under different loading conditions. Developing a generic parametric computational human spine model to be employed in biomechanical modelling introduces a considerable potential to reduce the complexity of implementing and amending the intricate spinal geometry. The main objective of this research is to develop a 3-D parametric human spine model generation framework based on a command file system, by which the parameters of each vertebra are read from the database system, and then modelled within commercial 3-D CAD software. A novel data acquisition and generation system was developed as a part of the framework for determining the unknown vertebral dimensions, depending on the correlations between the parameters estimated from existing anthropometrical studies in the literature. The data acquisition system embodies a predictive methodology that comprehends the relations between the features of the vertebrae by employing statistical and geometrical techniques. Relations amongst vertebral parameters such as golden ratio were investigated and successfully implemented into the algorithms. The validation of the framework was carried out by comparing the developed 3-D computational human spine models against various real life human spine data, where good agreements were achieved. The constructed versatile framework possesses the capability to be utilised as a basis for quickly and effectively developing biomechanical models of the human spine such as finite element models.

Denna rapport ämnar att utförligt beskriva ett examensarbete som gjorts i samarbete med DETAB ECOMAT Automation AB och berör konstruktionen av en av dess maskinmodeller. Målet är att hitta en applicerbar lösning för att automatisera ett moment som i dagsläget utförs manuellt. Under tre månaders tid har arbetet stegvis utförts med förstudie, konceptgenerering och utvärdering av potentiella lösningar. Rapporten beskriver utvecklingsprocessen inom konstruktion och produktutveckling med fokus på säkerhet samt ”Design for Assembly”, som avser att använda endast de nödvändiga komponenterna för den tänkta funktionen. Av denna anledning delas de ingående komponenterna till en början i kategorierna ”komponenter för rörelse” samt ”kraftöverföring”. Detta leder sedan till olika lösningsförslag och den optimala lösningen erhålls efter sållning. Avslutningsvis har ett komponentval gjorts tillsammans med hjälp av deras komponentleverantör. Det slutgiltiga lösningsförslaget består av ett konstruktionsförslag med före- och efterbilder, skriftlig funktionsbeskrivning samt komponentritningar för de delar som behöver special-beställas. Efter utfört arbete skall denna lösning testas och utvärderas innan den potentiellt blir en permanent del av konstruktionen. / This report aims to give a detailed description of a project done in collaboration with DETAB ECOMAT Automation AB and concerns the design of one of its machine models. The goal is to find an applicable solution to automate a process that is currently performed manually. Over three months, work has been carried out gradually with preliminary study, concept generation and evaluation of potential solutions. The report describes the development process in design and product development focusing on safety as well as “Design for Assembly”, which aims to use only the necessary components for the intended function. For this reason the components are initially divided into the categories “components for motion” and “power transmission”. This in turn leads to different solution proposals and an optimal solution is found after screening. Finally, a component selection has been made with the help of their component supplier, Festo AB. The final solution proposal consists of a pre-and-post image of the design proposal, written description of the function and component drawing for the parts that need to be custom-made. After the end of this project, the suggested solution will be tested and evaluated before it potentially becomes a permanent part of the design.

Innehållet i denna rapport är ett resultat av ett moment i utbildningen till Utvecklingsingenjör i Maskinteknik. Arbetet har skett genom ett samarbete mellan Linus Adolfsen, Kockums AB och Blekinge Tekniska Högskola. Rapporten behandlar i stort två moment, ett praktiskt och ett teoretiskt. Den första delen, den praktiska, gick ut på att finna en metod för att överbrygga steget från modell till verklighet på ett effektivt sätt. Detta resulterade i en egenutvecklad programvara som kan läsa in utdatafilen från Tribon (CAD programvara) och översätta detta till en programfil för Herber CNC 90 bockningsmaskin. Den andra delen är teoretisk och är en analys av verksamheten utifrån perspektivet att medge förtillverkning. Resultatet blev en analys av den berörda verksamheten med förslag på hur man ska åtgärda de problem och hinder som finns idag. Det gav även stort upphov till förslag på vidare studier.

An exploratory research project was conducted through a company focusing on CAD and their own developed real-time 3D model viewer. The company needed to be able to convert CAD models to use in Unreal Engine with great visual quality. Before this project, another was conducted to perform the simple conversion of CAD models to the FBX file format, which Unreal uses. In extension to the previous project, one needed to add functionalities to manipulate the models for better quality and performance. The tasks were carried out and performed with good results.

This thesis investigates possible future IT solutions for increased mobility of CAD-intensive multi-disciplinary consulting companies. The development of new IT solutions is quickly moving forward, and new ways to implement IT in businesses are constantly being launched onto the market. In the wake of new IT solutions with focus on increased mobility making themselves known, the interest from companies to implement these into their businesses has increased. By investigating the engineering consultant company Bjerking AB and how it operates from an IT point-of-view, this thesis presents possible IT solutions for increased mobility for an engineering consulting company operating in the AEC-sector. By conducting interviews with key users, observing meetings and researching the current state of Cloud Computing and hardware virtualization this thesis shows that and implementation of an IT solutions based on Cloud Computing and hardware virtualization is possible. By implementing a cloud-based IT solution using a private cloud distribution model and hardware-assisted GPU virtualization, a CAD-intensive consulting company can achieve increased mobility without lowered performance and at the same time maintain a high level of data of security.