Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:09:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 381920.pdf: 876083 bytes, checksum: ceb9bfa254d0505b754ca74de08e4b98 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-03-23 / Segundo v?rios autores, os furnari?deos L. setaria (grimpeiro) e L. striolata (grimpeirinho) apresentam uma forte associa??o com a Araucaria angustifolia (pinheiro-do-paran?). Neste estudo, testa-se as hip?teses de associa??o e depend?ncia da A. angustifolia e avalia-se o grau de sobreposi??o do nicho tr?fico destes furnari?deos. Durante o per?odo de novembro de 2003 a agosto de 2004 o comportamento destas esp?cies foi estudado atrav?s do m?todo animal-focal em tr?s transectos em ?reas com diferentes n?veis de interven??o antr?pica (alterada, conservada e plantio) no nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul. As vari?veis analisadas foram n?mero de indiv?duos forrageando, esp?cies e estruturas vegetais inspecionadas, altura de forrageio e dos esp?cimes vegetais visitados e dist?ncia percorrida entre outras. Leptasthenura setaria forrageia aos pares e algumas vezes em pequenos grupos, possui uma forte tend?ncia em forragear em A. angustifolia, preferencialmente na parte superior da copa, e o seu substrato de forrageio preferencial s?o os ramos/grimpas verdes desta con?fera. Por outro lado, L. striolata tende a forragear solit?ria em ramos verdes de esp?cies arbustivas (p. ex., Baccharis sp.). Leptasthenura setaria e L. striolata divergem em v?rios aspectos de sua ecologia alimentar, o que pode facilitar a sua coexist?ncia. Enquanto a conserva??o de L. setaria parece estar relacionada ?s florestas com arauc?ria, o mesmo n?o ocorre com L. striolata. As informa??es deste trabalho poder?o auxiliar na elabora??o de planos de manejo para a conserva??o destes furnari?deos.

I studien undersöks begreppet compassion och dess samband med upplevd kvalitet i kamratrelationer samt hur dessa kan predicera depressionssymtom hos gymnasieungdomar. Compassion, att lida med sig själv och andra samt att agera på detta, är en viktig faktor för att minska psykisk ohälsa. Data från gymnasieungdomar (N = 209, 15 – 18 år) samlades in genom självskattningsinstrumenten: Compassion Engagement and Action Scale- Youth (CEAS-Y), Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), Peer Relations (Kamratrelationer), Becks depressionsindex (BUS-D) och Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS). Insamlingen av data skedde elektroniskt via Textalk Websurvey. Den statistiska analysen presenteras i form av Pearson’s korrelationskoefficient (r) och 2 multipla linjära regressioner. Resultatet visar att de tre olika delskalorna i CEAS-Y; Compassion för sig själv, Compassion för andra och Compassion från andra korrelerar positivt och signifikant med varandra. Effekten på korrelationerna, svag-medelstark, indikerar att skalorna är relaterade, men ändå mäter olika aspekter av begreppet compassion. Kamratrelationer korrelerar positivt signifikant med alla delskalorna i CEAS-Y. Resultatet visar att Compassion för sig själv och Kamratrelationer kan förklara variationen i depressionssymtom skattade med RCADS statistiskt signifikant, medan samma variabler tillsammans med Compassion för andra kan förklara depressionssymtom skattade med BUSD. Det är troligt att det finns en växelverkan mellan kamratrelationer och compassion där variablerna övas och utvecklas tillsammans. Studien konstaterar att kamratrelationer och compassion är viktiga skyddande faktorer vid depressiva symtom hos gymnasieungdomar. / The aim of this study is to examine the concept of compassion and its correlation with perceived quality of peer relations and how these two variables can predict depression among youths (N = 209, 15 - 18 year). Compassion - a sensitivity to suffering in self and others with a commitment to act on it - is an important factor to sustain mental health. 4 self-report measures were utilized: Compassion Engagement and Action Scale- Youth (CEAS-Y), Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Peer Relations, Becks Youth Inventory-Depression (BUS-D) and Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS). Data was gathered electronically through Textalk Websurvey. To statistically analyze data, Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and multiple linear regression was used. Results states that the 3 subscales in CEAS-Y; Compassion for self, Compassion from others and Compassion for others, correlates significantly with a weak to moderate effect, which indicates that the scales measure different aspects of the concept compassion. Compassion for self and Peer relations predicted the variance in symptoms of depression measured with RCADS statistic significant, while the same variables together with Compassion for others predicted the variance in symptoms of depression measured by BUS-D statistic significant. To find out more about the direction of this correlations further research is needed. It is likely that there is a reciprocity between peer relations and compassion where compassion skills are trained in interpersonal relations and vice versa. Finally, this study imply that peer relations and compassion are important factors to prevent depression within youths.

The 2015 refugee crisis clearly highlighted that the European asylum system is flawed and triggered a heated discussion on the functioning and appropriateness of the Dublin Regulation. The present research tries to account for differences in the implementation of the Dublin regime from its coming into force in 1997 until today, by testing the three possibly influencing factors 'misfit', administrative capacity and overall situation for Germany, Hungary and Italy. The comparative case study first ascertains that Germany implements the obligations to a medium to high degree, while Hungary presents a low and Italy a medium-low implementation record. The analysis of the single variables shows that the higher the compatibility between the national and the European asylum system at the moment of adhering to the Dublin system, the more diligently a country implements it. While no clear claims can be made if and how the administrative capacity of a state affects implementation, the economic situation does have an impact in the sense that a stronger overall state of the economy appears to have positive effects on implementation. The research is part of the general research framework of Europeanization and contributes to the scholarship on implementation. By shedding light on the factors leading to...

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:58:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Thais Moreira Hidalgo de Almeida.pdf: 3286442 bytes, checksum: 491a402cc8bf5539730d0625fcbf7b31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-28 / Germination, conservation and physical characteristics of seeds of four cacti species that occurs on Rio de Janeiro State coastal regions, Cereus fernambucensis Lem., Coleocephalocereus fluminensis (Miq.) Backeb., Pilosocereus arrabidae (Lem.) Byles & G.D. Rowley and Pilosocereus ulei (K. Schum.) Byles & G.D. Rowley were evaluated in this study. The first experiment, mounted in a completely randomized design and factorial system, tested two substrates (agar 1% and paper) and three temperatures (20?C, 25?C and 20-30?C) using four replicates of 40 seeds. The evaluation parameters were germination percentage (normal seedlings) and germination average time (ANOVA and Tukey; P<0,05). According to the germination analysis, the best combination of temperature and substrate is 20?C in agar for C. fernambucensis, 20?C and 20-30?C in paper or agar for C. fluminensis, 25?C in agar for P. arrabidae and 20, 25 and 20-30?C in paper, as well as, 20 and 25?C in agar for P. ulei. The use of agar 1% was suitable for germination of this cacti seeds, being necessary, however, studies that lead to reduction in the incidence of plant health problems. In another experiment the effects of storage and seed water content were evaluated on the germination percentage and germination average time of these four species. To better define the salts to be used in the seed drying process for this experiment, adsorption isotherms were built using static gravimetric method, with saturated salt solutions. The isotherms of all species showed a reverse sigmoidal pattern with increase of seed water content according to the increase in relative humidity. In the conservation experiment, also arranged in completely randomized design and factorial system, three different storage conditions (control, 30 days at 10?C and 30 days at -196?C) under three levels of water content, around 5, 7 and 9% (dry basis) were tested, with four replicates of forty seeds (ANOVA and Tukey; P<0,05) at the following conditions: C. fernambucensis in agar at 20?C, C. fluminensis and P. ulei in paper at 20?C and P. arrabidae in agar at 25?C. All four species showed dehydration and sub-zero temperature tolerance. Seed viability and four species showed dehydration and sub-zero temperature tolerance. Seed viability and vigour showed no changes when stored with water content around 7%, at 10?C and cryopreserved at -196?C. Cryopreservation can be recommended for the storage of this cacti species. / As caracter?sticas f?sicas, germina??o e conserva??o de sementes de quatro esp?cies de cact?ceas ocorrentes nas ?reas litor?neas do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Cereus fernambucensis Lem., Coleocephalocereus fluminensis (Miq.) Backeb., Pilosocereus arrabidae (Lem.) Byles & G.D. Rowley e Pilosocereus ulei (K. Schum.) Byles & G.D. Rowley foram avaliadas neste estudo. O primeiro experimento, montado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado e esquema fatorial, testou dois substratos (?gar 1% e sobre papel ) e tr?s temperaturas (20?C, 25?C e 20-30?C) utilizando quatro repeti??es de 40 sementes. Os par?metros de avalia??o foram porcentagem de germina??o (pl?ntulas normais) e tempo m?dio de germina??o (ANAVA e Tukey; P<0,05). De acordo com a an?lise de germina??o, as melhores temperaturas e substratos para a germina??o de sementes de C. fernambucensis s?o 20?C e ?gar; para C. fluminensis, 20?C e 20-30?C, tanto no substrato papel como em ?gar, para P. arrabidae, 25?C em ?gar e para P. ulei em papel a 20, 25 e 20-30?C e ?gar a 20 e 25?C. O uso de ?gar 1% se mostrou adequado a germina??o das sementes destas cact?ceas, sendo necess?rios, no entanto, estudos que levem a redu??o da incid?ncia de problemas fitossanit?rios. Em outro experimento foram avaliados os efeitos de armazenamento e teor de ?gua das sementes sobre o percentual e o tempo m?dio de germina??o destas quatro esp?cies. Para melhor defini??o dos sais a serem usados na secagem das sementes para este experimento, foram constru?das isotermas de adsor??o utilizando-se o m?todo gravim?trico, est?tico, com solu??es salinas saturadas. As isotermas de todas as esp?cies revelaram um padr?o sigmoidal inverso com o acr?scimo de teor de ?gua das sementes em fun??o do aumento da umidade relativa do ar. No experimento de conserva??o, tamb?m montado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado e esquema fatorial, foram testadas tr?s diferentes condi??es de armazenamento (controle, 30 dias a 10?C e 30 dias a -196?C) sob tr?s diferentes teores de ?gua, pr?ximos a 5, 7 e 9% (base seca), utilizando quatro repeti??es de 40 sementes (ANAVA e Tukey; P<0,05) e nas seguintes condi??es: C. fernambucensis em ?gar a 20?C, C. fluminensis e P. ulei em papel a 20?C e P. arrabidae em ?gar a 25?C. As quatro esp?cies demonstraram toler?ncia a desidrata??o e a temperatura sub-zero. A viabilidade e o vigor das sementes n?o apresentaram altera??es quando armazenados com teores de ?gua pr?ximos a 7%, tanto em c?mara fria a 10?C como criopreservado a -196?C. A criopreserva??o pode ser recomendada para o armazenamento das esp?cies estudadas.

Building on three theories of European integration – liberal intergovernmentalism, neofunctionalism and postfunctionalism – I offer an explanation to the process and outcomes of the development of the Common European Asylum System (CEAS) between 2008 and 2018. The process to establish the CEAS has been characterized by clashing actor preferences, which forced actors into negotiations. This thesis aims to analyze the dynamics of these negotiations surrounding the CEAS. My results show that liberal intergovernmentalism explains locked positions in interstate bargaining and highly compromised outcomes, and even non-decisions, of the CEAS. I also argue that neofunctionalism loses explanatory power when sensitive issues concerning automatic quota systems and national sovereignty are discussed, although many arguments by the involved actors in the policy process draw upon neofunctional assumptions. Postfunctionalism is argued to gain explanatory power during recent years, since identityrelated arguments and Eurosceptical and anti-immigrant ideas in European governments have increased.

This thesis employs discourse analysis to examine the human rights contradictions contained in the Common European Asylum System (CEAS). It follows the development of the CEAS since its inception in 1999. However, the principal emphasis of the thesis falls on the scope for realising a rights-based asylum regime in the post-Lisbon context. The research takes the form of policy analysis, and is grounded in a human rights framework of inquiry. This human rights perspective is used to examine the normative and legal inconsistencies inherent to the EU’s securitised approach to asylum, and to put forward suggestions for an approach to asylum in the EU, which engenders a rights-based approach to protection. The analysis of contemporary EU asylum policy and practice demonstrates the extent to which securitisation is present in EU asylum policymaking. It shows that, until the security paradigm in this policy area is supplanted, the realisation of a rights-based asylum system in the EU will not be possible. It also addresses the further challenges to the realisation of the EU as a ‘single asylum space,’ which stem from the limitations in the current instruments of the acquis, most notably the absence of burden-sharing mechanisms to ensure that the EU’s humanitarian obligations are shared equally amongst Member States. The recent ratification of the Treaty of Lisbon holds significant potential for the development of a rights-based asylum regime in the EU. However, it remains in question whether Member States have the political will necessary to accomplish this.

Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-04-17T19:03:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Grimaldo Zachariadhesseg.pdf: 1679148 bytes, checksum: 8232f5618a3bfc35f688101f81f6695f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-24T11:38:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Grimaldo Zachariadhesseg.pdf: 1679148 bytes, checksum: 8232f5618a3bfc35f688101f81f6695f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-24T11:38:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Grimaldo Zachariadhesseg.pdf: 1679148 bytes, checksum: 8232f5618a3bfc35f688101f81f6695f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / O presente trabalho pretende analisar a atuação do CEAS – Centro de Estudos e Ação Social – durante a ditadura militar no Brasil. Esta instituição fundada em Salvador, Bahia, pelos jesuítas, é fruto das transformações porque passou a Companhia de Jesus durante o século XX e o seu envolvimento cada vez maior nas Questões Sociais. Trabalhando principalmente com as fontes internas da instituição e os cadernos do CEAS, uma revista publicada desde 1969, procurarei demonstrar como esta instituição se tornou um referencial teórico para setores católicos no Brasil e um ponto de resistência na luta contra os militares. / Salvador

This thesis explores the growing phenomenon of climate refugees and their right to protection. The aim is to investigate from the Human Security Approach developed by UNDP, if the human insecurities highlighted covers the situation of climate refugees making them eligible for protection. Thus, the purpose is to examine if insecurities caused by climate change are reason enough to be granted asylum in Sweden and if not, what the debate on extending asylum to climate refugees looks like. The research questions for this thesis are: What insecurities do the Swedish legislation consider grounds for granting asylum that could include the protection of climate refugees? and How do the debates in the Swedish Riksdag and the European Parliament discuss climate refugees and their legal status in Sweden's and the EU's asylum regulations? A qualitative content analysis of the Swedish Aliens Act and the Common European Asylum System (CEAS) revealed that even though all insecurities listed by the Human Security Approach are considered grounds for granting asylum, protection for climate refugees is not guaranteed. Consequently, debates in the Swedish and European Parliaments were examined to explore the intentions of extending the right to protection for climate refugees by including them in the legal framework. While the debates in the Swedish Parliament showed no indication of changing the legislation to include climate refugees, the European Parliament both debated and voted on proposals which sought to extend protection to climate refugees. Nonetheless, it is still not decided whether or not the EU will include climate refugees as a legal status in its asylum system.

I kölvattnet av den så kallade flyktingkrisen 2015 har allt fler röster höjts i Europa om att förändra asylrätten för skapa ett mer förutsebart och hållbart asylmottagande. Diskursen synliggör asylrättens centrala rättighetskonflikt där det allmännas intresse av reglerad invandring vägs mot den enskildes rätt till asyl. Denna uppsats utreder möjligheterna att ersätta EU:s nuvarande asylsystem med ett EU-gemensamt kvotflyktingsystem. Utgångspunkten för uppsatsen är ett förslag som Moderaterna under oktober 2017 antog i sitt partiprogram vars innebörd är att EU ska övergå till ett gemensamt asylsystem med enbart kvotflyktingmottagande. Frågeställningen är vilka hinder som föreligger för en sådan förändring med hänsyn till gällande rätt och ändamålen bakom asylrätten. Moderaterna föreslår alltså en ordning som skulle inskränka rätten att söka asyl. Rättighetsinskränkningar ska vara proportionerliga. Uppsatsen besvarar därför huvudfrågeställningen utifrån fyra delfrågor som påminner om en proportionalitetsbedömning för att avgöra om förslaget är möjligt eller lämpligt. Först diskuteras om dagens asylsystem behöver förändras med hänsyn till den så kallade flyktingkrisen 2015, sedan utreds andra brister i dagens system. Slutsatsen nås att det finns brister med dagens system som motiverar en förändring som exempelvis de höga dödstalen för migranter som reser över Medelhavet för att söka asyl i EU. Därefter undersöks vilka möjligheter en förändring till enbart ett EU-gemensamt kvotflyktingsystem skulle kunna medföra och det konstateras att förslagets största fördel är att vidarebosättning utgör en laglig och säker väg för asylsökande till EU. Kärnan i uppsatsen är utredningen av de praktiska och juridiska hinder som finns för en förändring till enbart ett EU-gemensamt kvotflyktingsystem. Där finner jag att det största hindret är svårigheten att organisera systemet på ett sätt som är förenligt med principen om non-refoulement enligt såväl folkrätten som Europakonventionen. Jag identifierar även andra allvarliga praktiska och juridiska hinder för en sådan ordning. Slutligen undersöks om det finns alternativa lösningar att tillgå som är mindre ingripande än förslaget om enbart ett EU-gemensamt kvotflyktingsystem. Jag finner att så är fallet. Till exempel kan medlemsstaterna öka sitt kvotflyktingmottagande, införa humanitära visum eller inrätta en EU-centraliserad asylprövning. Min slutsats är att rätten att söka asyl på plats i EU måste kvarstå och att de mindre ingripande lösningarna som tas upp i uppsatsen är att föredra framför ett asylsystem i EU med enbart kvotflyktingmottagande.