This thesis is a review of U.S. foreign policy in Pakistan through a realist lens. It critiques the current state of U.S. policy and recommends that the United States prioritize national security interests, particularly with regards to counterterrorism, over building Pakistani democracy and running civilian aid programs. It then further recommends ways for the United States government to account for ground level dynamics in Pakistani politics in crafting foreign policy aimed at bringing Pakistan into line with U.S. counterterrorism priorities.

?rea de concentra??o: Multidisciplinar. / Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-09T16:41:29Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Vania_maria_fernandes_nunes.pdf: 4796742 bytes, checksum: 26285373e915a717cb2cd90d41846b4e (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-09T16:42:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Vania_maria_fernandes_nunes.pdf: 4796742 bytes, checksum: 26285373e915a717cb2cd90d41846b4e (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Rejected by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br), reason: alterar nome do arquivo on 2015-01-09T16:42:51Z (GMT) / Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-09T16:53:19Z No. of bitstreams: 2 vania_maria_fernandes_nunes.pdf: 4796742 bytes, checksum: 26285373e915a717cb2cd90d41846b4e (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-09T16:54:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 vania_maria_fernandes_nunes.pdf: 4796742 bytes, checksum: 26285373e915a717cb2cd90d41846b4e (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-09T16:54:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 vania_maria_fernandes_nunes.pdf: 4796742 bytes, checksum: 26285373e915a717cb2cd90d41846b4e (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-09T16:54:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 vania_maria_fernandes_nunes.pdf: 4796742 bytes, checksum: 26285373e915a717cb2cd90d41846b4e (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a implementa??o da Pol?tica de Aten??o ? Sa?de e Seguran?a do Trabalho do Servidor P?blico Federal (PASS) nos ?rg?os referenciados ? Unidade do Subsistema Integrado de Aten??o ? Sa?de do Servidor (SIASS) da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) e em outras institui??es p?blicas federais localizadas em cidades que acolhem a UFVJM, um dos campi do CEFET/MG, as ger?ncias e ag?ncias do INSS de Diamantina e Te?filo Otoni. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal com 205 indiv?duos (201 servidores ativos e quatro gestores de recursos humanos e, ou diretores), que, em rela??o aos servidores ativos, teve como objetivo conhecer as demandas relacionadas aos planos de sa?de, caracteriz?-los quanto ao absente?smo/doen?a ou acidentes em servi?o e ainda quanto ? insalubridade/periculosidade, al?m de verificar o conhecimento desses servidores em rela??o ?s a??es propostas pela PASS j? implantadas nos referidos ?rg?os. Junto aos gestores de recursos humanos e, ou diretores procurou-se identificar as dificuldades enfrentadas para a implementa??o das a??es propostas por essa pol?tica. Este estudo demonstra a necessidade de cria??o de canais de comunica??o que possibilitem manter os servidores das institui??es envolvidas atualizados em rela??o ?s a??es propostas pela PASS. Aponta a import?ncia do benef?cio da sa?de suplementar e ratifica a relev?ncia da a??o de acompanhamento da qualidade e aprimoramento da assist?ncia prestada pelos planos de sa?de. Confirma que a coopera??o t?cnica entre os ?rg?os p?blicos pode favorecer a resolu??o de quest?es periciais de servidores e aponta que os dados de absente?smo/doen?a s?o similares aos de outros estudos realizados. Apresenta informa??es relacionadas com promo??o e vigil?ncia nos ?rg?os envolvidos e recomenda novos estudos para melhor entendimento dessas a??es. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Sa?de, Sociedade e Ambiente, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT The aim of the current study was to verify the implementation of the Policy of Attention to the Health and Safety of Work of Federal Workers (PASS) in public agencies referenced to the SIASS Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) and other federal institutions located in cities that host UFVJM, as well as one of the campuses of CEFET/MG and the INSS agencies in Diamantina and Te?filo Otoni. A descriptive transversal study was done with 205 individuals (201 active public servants and four human resource managers) which, in regard to the public servants, had the following aims: to find out about demands related to healthcare plans; to characterize the plans as to absenteeism/illness or on-the-job accidents and, further, to examine issues of unwholesomeness and danger in the workplace; and lastly, to verify awareness of these plans in relation to proposed PASS actions already introduced into the abovementioned public agencies. Together with human resource directors, the study sought to identify the difficulties faced in implementing PASS proposals. This study demonstrates the need to establish channels of communication in order to keep public servants updated and involved in regard to any actions proposed by PASS. It also points out the importance of supplementary health benefits and of being aware of the quality of the healthcare plans and any proposed changes to them. Furthermore, the study confirms that technical cooperation among public agencies could aid in the resolution of issues related to public servants and that data regarding absenteeism and illness are similar to other studies. The study presents data related to public agency oversight of these matters and recommends further studies aimed at improving understanding of healthcare-related actions.

Submitted by M?rden L?les (marden.inacio@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-07-07T23:36:35Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) juliana_augusta_dias.pdf: 999555 bytes, checksum: e69ac3aca1ee6f2ffd2746e03912a88f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-07-11T19:32:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) juliana_augusta_dias.pdf: 999555 bytes, checksum: e69ac3aca1ee6f2ffd2746e03912a88f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-11T19:32:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) juliana_augusta_dias.pdf: 999555 bytes, checksum: e69ac3aca1ee6f2ffd2746e03912a88f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / RESUMO Introdu??o: embora as complica??es no parto e puerp?rio n?o sejam previs?veis e nem previn?veis, os indicadores de mortalidade materna s?o extremamente sens?veis a cuidados obst?tricos de qualidade, e o tempo na obten??o de cuidado adequado ? o fator mais importante relacionado ?s mortes maternas. Objetivo: identificar e analisar a mortalidade materna na regi?o do Alto Jequitinhonha, MG. Metodologia: trata-se de estudo quantitativo, descritivo, com an?lise de dados no SIM/DATASUS, nos atestados de ?bitos e nos prontu?rios das pacientes que evolu?ram para ?bito materno, no per?odo de 2010 a 2013, sobre as caracter?sticas relacionadas aos dados epidemiol?gicos, obst?tricos, situa??o do munic?pio quanto ? exist?ncia de protocolo e investiga??o do ?bito, causas de morte e atraso na assist?ncia. Resultados: a faixa et?ria predominante foi entre 18 e 30 anos, atingindo 50%. Entre as caracter?sticas obst?tricas do ?bito, destaca-se a primiparidade, o terceiro trimestre gestacional, a classifica??o de baixo risco e a incid?ncia de ces?reas. Nos munic?pios, 83,33% n?o apresentam protocolo de atendimento e em 66,66% dos casos n?o foi realizada a investiga??o do ?bito. As principais causas de mortalidade materna encontradas foram diretas, com destaque para a S?ndrome de Hellp, com 25%. Dentre os fatores relacionados ? qualidade do cuidado assistencial, destaca-se o atraso no in?cio do tratamento com 83,33%, assim como o atraso no diagn?stico e o manejo inadequado do paciente, ambos com 75%. Conclus?o: a frequ?ncia de demora na assist?ncia obst?trica est? diretamente relacionada ao pior desfecho materno. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Ensino em Sa?de, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2015. / ABSTRACT Introduction: Although complications in childbirth and postpartum are not predictable nor preventable, maternal mortality indicators are extremely sensitive to quality obstetric care and time in getting proper care is the most important factor related to maternal deaths. Objective: To identify and analyze maternal mortality in the region of Alto Jequitinhonha - MG. Methodology: it is a quantitative, descriptive study, with data analysis on the SIM/DATASUS in death certificates and medical records of patients who progressed to maternal deaths in the period 2010 to 2013, on the characteristics related to epidemiological data, obstetric, municipal situation as the existence of protocol and investigation of death, cause of death and delay in assistance. Results: the predominant age group was between 18 to 30 reaching 50.00%. Among the obstetric characteristics of death, there is prim parity the third gestational trimester, the low risk rating and the incidence of cesarean sections. In the municipalities, 83.33% have no treatment protocol and 66.66% of the cases was not carried out the investigation of the death. The main causes of maternal mortality were found direct, highlighting the Hellp syndrome with 25.00%. Among the factors related to quality of care assistance, the delay stands out at the beginning of treatment with 83.33%, and the delay in diagnosis and inappropriate management of the patient, both with 75.00%. Conclusion: The frequency of delays in obstetric care is directly related to the worst maternal outcome. / RESUMEN Introducci?n: A pesar de las complicaciones en el parto y despu?s del parto no son predecibles ni prevenible, los indicadores de mortalidad materna son extremadamente sensibles a la atenci?n obst?trica de calidad y tiempo en conseguir la atenci?n adecuada es el factor m?s importante relacionado con las muertes maternas. Objetivo: Identificar y analizar la mortalidad materna en la regi?n del Alto Jequitinhonha - MG. Metodolog?a: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, con an?lisis de datos en la tarjeta SIM/DATASUS en los certificados de defunci?n y los registros m?dicos de los pacientes que progresaron a las muertes maternas en el per?odo 2010 a 2013, en las caracter?sticas relacionadas con los datos epidemiol?gicos, situaci?n obst?trica, municipal como la existencia de protocolos y la investigaci?n de la muerte, causa de la muerte y el retraso en la asistencia. Resultados: el grupo de edad predominante fue de entre 18 a 30 a?os alcanza 50.00%. Entre las caracter?sticas obst?tricas de la muerte, hay primiparidad el tercer trimestre de gestaci?n, la calificaci?n de bajo riesgo y la incidencia de ces?reas. En los municipios, el 83,33% no tiene protocolo de tratamiento y 66,66% de los casos no se llev? a cabo la investigaci?n de la muerte. Las principales causas de mortalidad materna se encontraron directa, destacando el s?ndrome HELLP con 25,00%. Entre los factores relacionados con la calidad de la asistencia para el cuidado, la demora se destaca al comienzo del tratamiento con 83,33%, y el retraso en el diagn?stico y el manejo inadecuado de la paciente, ambos con 75,00%. Conclusi?n: La frecuencia de los retrasos en la atenci?n obst?trica est? directamente relacionada con el peor resultado materno.

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-06-26T23:09:15Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) laura_roberta_sa_ferreira.pdf: 1184127 bytes, checksum: 423bdfb7f8d380519ba2c16211b2795b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-07-18T12:50:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) laura_roberta_sa_ferreira.pdf: 1184127 bytes, checksum: 423bdfb7f8d380519ba2c16211b2795b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-18T12:50:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) laura_roberta_sa_ferreira.pdf: 1184127 bytes, checksum: 423bdfb7f8d380519ba2c16211b2795b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Os erros envolvendo medicamentos podem ocorrer em qualquer fase do processo hospitalar, ou seja, na prescri??o, dispensa??o ou na administra??o. O in?cio do ciclo da medica??o ? a prescri??o, o m?dico deve especificar a terapia e condutas mais adequadas por escrito, levando em considera??o principalmente o uso racional de medicamentos. Quando a prescri??o n?o ? executada de maneira adequada pode contribuir de forma direta com os problemas relacionados a erros de medica??o. O presente trabalho foi realizado em uma Institui??o de sa?de em Diamantina com objetivo de avaliar a efetividade do servi?o realizado pela farm?cia cl?nica; identificar o perfil dos pacientes atendidos pelas cl?nicas m?dica e neurol?gica; os tipos e as frequ?ncias de erros que ocorrem na etapa da prescri??o e identificar os tipos de intera??es medicamentosas e suas frequ?ncias. Ap?s a implanta??o do servi?o de farm?cia cl?nica, em um ano o servi?o de an?lise de prescri??o proporcionou uma queda de +/- 40% das inadequa??es nas prescri??es. O perfil dos pacientes internados nas cl?nicas m?dica e neurol?gica da Institui??o em Diamantina foi de homens idosos que fazem uso de polifarm?cia. E devido ao grande n?mero de medicamentos nas prescri??es, as mesmas apresentaram 66,46% de intera??es medicamentosas, e as intera??es medicamentosas mais frequentes foram do tipo moderada (presentes em 59,76% das prescri??es) e menor (presentes em 20.12% das prescri??es). A inadequa??o mais frequente foi relacionada ao hor?rio de administra??o dos medicamentos. Tamb?m foi verificado que as prescri??es dos pacientes idosos, em sua maioria, apresentaram medicamentos da lista de Beers. Portanto, a realiza??o deste trabalho foi importante para promo??o do uso racional de medicamentos na Institui??o, al?m disso, mostrou a efetividade do servi?o que foi implantado na Institui??o. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Ci?ncias Farmac?uticas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / Mistakes involving medications can occur at any stage of the hospital process, that is, during prescription, dispensing, or administration. The beginning of the medication cycle is the prescription, when physicians must specify the most appropriate therapy and conduct in writing, taking into account the rational use of medications. When prescription is not performed properly, it may contribute directly to problems related to medication errors. The present study was carried out in a health institution in Diamantina, with the objective of: identifying the profile of patients attended by the medical and neurological clinics; The types and frequencies of medication errors that occur in the prescription step; To identify the types of drug interactions and their frequencies; Evaluate the impact of polypharmacy on patient?s health and use the results of the research to analyze the effectiveness of the institution's clinical pharmacy service. The profile of the patients hospitalized in the medical and neurological clinics of the institution in Diamantina was of elderly men who use the polypharmacy, and also, due to the large number of medications in the prescriptions, the most frequent inadequacies were moderate and minor drug interactions. It was also verified that the prescriptions of these patients had, in their majority, medicines found in the list of Beers. After the implementation of the clinical pharmacy service, in one year of the prescription analysis service, a fall of +/- 40% of the inadequacies in the prescriptions of the medical and neurological clinics was observed. Therefore, the accomplishment of this work was important to promote the rational use of drugs in the institution, and in addition, it showed the effectiveness of the service implanted in the institution.

Flerspråkig litteratur är långt ifrån ett nytt fenomen, men forskningsområdet är fortfarande mycket underutforskat. Syftet med studien är att studera språkväxling i flerspråkig lyrik sett ur ett translanguaging-perspektiv. Metoden utgörs av en analysmodell för flerspråkig skönlitteratur som är inspirerad av såväl språkvetenskapliga som litteraturvetenskapliga studier. Materialet består av totalt nio diktutdrag från tre diktsamlingar av tre olika författarskap. Resultatet visade att språkväxlingarna fyller mångahanda funktioner såsom att göra dikterna flerdimensionella, att deras form särskilt genom sina oklara språkgränser har betydelse för diktinnehållet, och att flera paralleller kan dras till tankar inom translanguaging-konceptet i fråga om effektiv kommunikation, språklig kreativitet och skapandet av ett utrymme för translanguaging. Slutsatsen är att flerspråkig lyrik är mångfacetterad med många tolkningsmöjligheter och att ett translanguaging-perspektiv gav resultatet en djupare innebörd.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:53:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarizethAB_DISSERT.pdf: 3110508 bytes, checksum: 278d10882caed9e1fce7006c1764fa9e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-10 / Self-efficacy, the construct developed by Albert Bandura in 1977 and widely studied around the world, means the individual's belief in his own capacity to successfully perform a certain activity. This study aims to determine the degree of association between sociodemographic characteristics and professional training to the levels of Self-Efficacy at Work (SEW) of the Administrative Assistants in a federal university. This is a descriptive research submitted to and approved by the Ethics Committee of UFRN. The method of data analysis, in quantitative nature, was accomplished with the aid of the statistical programs R and Minitab. The instrument used in research was a sociodemographic data questionnaire, variables of professional training and the General Perception of Self-efficacy Scale (GPSES), applied to the sample by 289 Assistants in Administration. Statistical techniques for data analysis were descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, reliability test (Cronbach's alpha), and test of significance (Pearson). Results show a sociodemographic profile of Assistants in Administration of UFRN with well-distributed characteristics, with 48.4% men and 51.6% female; 59.9% of them were aged over 40 years, married (49.3%), color or race white (58%) and Catholics (67.8%); families are composed of up to four people (75.8%) with children (59.4%) of all age groups; the occupation of the mothers of these professionals is mostly housewives (51.6%) with high school education up to parents (72%) and mothers (75.8%). Assistants in Administration have high levels of professional training, most of them composed two groups of servers: the former, recently hired public servants (30.7%) and another with long service (59%), the majority enter young in career and it stays until retirement, 72.4% of these professionals have training above the minimum requirement for the job. The analysis of SEW levels shows medium to high levels for 72% of assistants in administration; low SEWclassified people have shown a high average of 2.7, considered close to the overall mean presented in other studies, which is 2.9. The cluster analysis has allowed us to say that the characteristics of the three groups (Low, Medium and High SEW) are similar and can be found in the three levels of SEW representatives with all the characteristics investigated. The results indicate no association between the sociodemographic variables and professional training to the levels of self-efficacy at work of Assistants in Administration of UFRN, except for the variable color or race. However, due to the small number of people who declared themselves in color or black race (4% of the sample), this result can be interpreted as mere coincidence or the black people addressed in this study have provided a sense of efficacy higher than white and brown ones. The study has corroborated other studies and highlighted the subjectivity of the self-efficacy construct. They are needed more researches, especially with public servants for the continuity and expansion of studies on the subject, making it possible to compare and confirm the results / A autoefic?cia, construto desenvolvido por Albert Bandura desde 1977 e amplamente estudado no mundo todo, significa a cren?a do indiv?duo nas pr?prias capacidades de realizar com ?xito determinada atividade. O presente estudo tem por objetivo verificar o grau de associa??o entre as caracter?sticas sociodemogr?ficas e de capacita??o profissional com os n?veis de Autoefic?cia no Trabalho (AET) dos Assistentes em Administra??o de uma universidade federal. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, submetida e aprovada pelo Comit? de ?tica em Pesquisa da UFRN. O m?todo de an?lise de dados, de natureza quantitativa, foi efetivado com o aux?lio dos programas estat?sticos R e Minitab. O instrumento utilizado na investiga??o foi o question?rio de dados sociodemogr?ficos, vari?veis de capacita??o profissional e a Escala de Autoefic?cia Geral Percebida (EAEGP) aplicado ? amostra constitu?da por 289 Assistentes em Administra??o. As t?cnicas estat?sticas para a an?lise dos dados foram estat?stica descritiva, an?lise de agrupamentos, teste de confiabilidade (Alfa de Cronbach), teste de signific?ncia (Pearson). Os resultados mostram um perfil sociodemogr?fico dos Assistentes em Administra??o da UFRN com caracter?sticas bem distribu?das, sendo 48,4% homens e 51,6% mulheres; 59,9% deles t?m idade acima de 40 anos, casados (49,3%), de cor ou ra?a branca (58%) e religi?o cat?lica (67,8%); as fam?lias s?o compostas por at? quatro pessoas (75,8%), com filhos (59,4%) de todas as faixas et?rias; a ocupa??o das m?es destes profissionais ? na maioria do lar (51,6%), com escolaridade at? ensino m?dio completo para pais (72%) e m?es (75,8%). Os Assistentes em Administra??o apresentam n?veis de capacita??o profissional elevados; a maior parte deles comp?e dois grupos de servidores: o primeiro, com servidores contratados recentemente (30,7%) e outro com longo tempo de servi?o (59%); a maioria entra jovem na carreira e nela permanece at? a aposentadoria; 72,4% destes profissionais t?m forma??o acima do requisito m?nimo para o cargo. A an?lise dos n?veis de AET mostra n?veis M?dios e Altos para 72% dos Assistentes em Administra??o; as pessoas, classificadas com Baixa AET, apresentam uma AET m?dia de 2,7, considerada pr?xima ? m?dia geral, apresentada em outros estudos, que ? de 2,9. A an?lise de agrupamentos permite dizer que as caracter?sticas dos tr?s grupos (Baixa, M?dia e Alta AET) s?o semelhantes, podendo ser encontrados nos tr?s n?veis de AET representantes com todas as caracter?sticas investigadas. Os resultados indicam que n?o h? associa??o entre as vari?veis sociodemogr?ficas e de capacita??o profissional com os n?veis de autoefic?cia no trabalho dos Assistentes em Administra??o da UFRN, exceto em rela??o ? vari?vel cor ou ra?a. Contudo, em fun??o do n?mero reduzido de pessoas que se autodeclararam de cor ou ra?a preta (4% da amostra), esse resultado pode ser interpretado como mera casualidade ou as pessoas pretas abordadas no presente estudo apresentam um senso de efic?cia mais elevado do que brancos e pardos. O estudo corrobora outros estudos e evidencia a subjetividade do construto autoefic?cia. Mais pesquisas s?o necess?rias, principalmente com servidores, para a continuidade e amplia??o dos estudos sobre o tema, o que possibilitar? comparar e confirmar os resultados

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RodrigoSD_DISSERT_partes.pdf: 44411 bytes, checksum: 62fe7b929c3d90fda22ce22c688f7e52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-04 / Prescription errors are the most serious type of medication errors found in the health system. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of clonazepam prescriptions. A descriptive and observational study with retrospective data collection was conducted at 30 community pharmacies in Natal/RN, Brazil, after informed consent was obtained from the pharmacists. A sample of 313 prescription notifications was randomly collected in October 2009. They were analyzed for legible handwriting and completeness. During the study, one researcher, two pharmacists, and one pharmacy undergraduate student evaluated patient and purchaser identification, pharmaceutical form, dosing regimen, administration route, and prescription by generic name. This research was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee. Among the 313 collected notifications, only 44.1% were legible. A total of 55.91% (175/313) had at least one illegible item, 100% contained incomplete information, and 97.12% (304/313) contained one or more abbreviations. The proportion of illegible handwriting related to the patient s identification (p=0.0001) was statistically significantly greater than that related to the drug purchaser s identification (p=0.0004). Contrary to legal requirements, prescriptions with the generic name accounted for 13.42% (42/313) of the total. All the examined notifications were handwritten. Prescription errors, which potentially can have serious consequences, have been evaluated worldwide, although little is known about this subject as it relates to community pharmacies. This study showed high percentages of prescribing problems, which justifies the development of future research about medication errors in community pharmacies and education activities for prescribers / Os erros de prescri??o s?o os mais s?rios tipos de erros de medica??o encontrados no sistema de sa?de. Sendo assim, o principal objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a qualidade das notifica??es de receita de clonazepam. Um estudo descritivo e observacional, com coleta retrospectiva de dados, foi conduzido em 30 farm?cias comunit?rias no munic?pio de Natal/RN, Brasil. Ap?s a obten??o do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido por parte dos farmac?uticos comunit?rios, uma amostra de 313 notifica??es de receita de clonazepam foi aleatoriamente coletada em Outubro de 2009. As notifica??es foram analisadas quanto ? legibilidade e completude de informa??es. Durante o estudo, uma comiss?o, constitu?da por um dos pesquisadores, dois farmac?uticos e um estudante de gradua??o em farm?cia, avaliou os seguintes par?metros: identifica??o do paciente e comprador do medicamento, forma farmac?utica, posologia, via de administra??o e prescri??o pela denomina??o gen?rica. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comit? de ?tica em pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Dentre 313 notifica??es de receita de clonazepam coletadas, apenas 44,1% apresentaram-se leg?veis. Um total de 55,91% (175/313) demonstrou pelo menos um dado ileg?vel, 100% continham informa??es incompletas e 97,12% (304/313) possu?am uma ou mais abreviaturas. A propor??o de ilegibilidade relacionada ? caligrafia da identifica??o do paciente (p=0,0001) foi estatisticamente mais significante que a relacionada ? caligrafia da identifica??o do comprador do medicamento (p=0,0004). Contrariando dispositivos legais, a prescri??o pela denomina??o gen?rica ocorreu em apenas 13,42% (42/313) do total. Todas as notifica??es de receita examinadas estavam escritas ? m?o. Os erros de prescri??o, que potencialmente podem levar a s?rias consequ?ncias, t?m sido mundialmente estudados, embora pouco seja conhecido no ?mbito da farm?cia comunit?ria. Esse estudo mostrou elevados percentuais de problemas relacionados ? prescri??o, o que justifica o desenvolvimento de pesquisas futuras sobre erros de medica??o em farm?cias comunit?rias e de atividades de ensino para os prescritores

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:27:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SealtielDO_DISSERT.pdf: 3399268 bytes, checksum: 1a83565dd029a077e85e5685d4a39607 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-30 / The independence of the United States and the revolutions that emerged in Europe in the eighteenth century led to the birth of the written constitution, with a mission to limit the power of the State and to ensure fundamental rights to citizens. Thus, the Constitution has become the norm and ultimate founding of the State. Because of this superiority felt the need to protect her, emerging from that constitutional jurisdiction, taking control of constitutionality of provisions his main instrument. In Brazil, the constitutionality control began with the Constitution of 1891, when "imported" the American model, which is named after incidental diffuse model of judicial review. Indeed, allowed that any judge or court could declare the unconstitutionality of the law or normative act in a concrete case. However, the Brazilian Constituent did not bring the U.S. Institute of stare decisis, by which the precedents of higher courts eventually link the below. Because of this lack, each tribunal Brazilian freely decide about the constitutionality of a rule, so that the decision took effect only between the parties to the dispute. This prompted the emergence of conflicting decisions between judicantes organs, which ultimately undermine legal certainty and the image of the judiciary. As a solution to the problem, was incorporated from the 1934 Constitution to rule that the Senate would suspend the law declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. With the introduction of abstract control of constitutionality, since 1965, the Supreme Court went on to also have the power to declare the invalidity of the provision unconstitutional, effectively against all without the need for the participation of the Senate. However, it remained the view that in case the Supreme Court declared the unconstitutionality of the fuzzy control law by the Senate would continue with the competence to suspend the law unconstitutional, thus the decision of the Praetorium Exalted restricted parties. The 1988 Constitution strengthened the abstract control expanding legitimized the Declaratory Action of Unconstitutionality and creating new mechanisms of abstract control. Adding to this, the Constitutional Amendment. No. 45/2004 brought the requirement of general repercussion and created the Office of Binding Precedent, both to be applied by the Supreme Court judgments in individual cases, thus causing an approximation between the control abstract and concrete constitutional. Saw themselves so that the Supreme Court, to be the guardian of the Constitution, its action should be directed to the trial of issues of public interest. In this new reality, it becomes more necessary the participation of the Senate to the law declared unconstitutional in fuzzy control by the Supreme Court can reach everyone, because such an interpretation has become obsolete. So, to adapt it to this reality, such a rule must be read in the sense that the Senate give publicity to the law declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, since mutated constitutional / A independ?ncia dos Estados Unidos e as revolu??es surgidas na Europa no s?culo XVIII propiciaram o nascimento da Constitui??o escrita, com a miss?o de limitar o poder do Estado e assegurar direitos fundamentais aos cidad?os. Assim, a Constitui??o tornou-se a norma fundante e suprema do Estado. Em raz?o dessa superioridade sentiu-se a necessidade de proteg?-la, surgindo a partir da? a jurisdi??o constitucional, tendo no controle de constitucionalidade de normas o seu principal instrumento. No Brasil, o controle de constitucionalidade iniciou-se com a Constitui??o de 1891, quando se importou o modelo americano, que recebeu o nome de modelo difuso incidental de controle de constitucionalidade. Com efeito, permitiu-se que qualquer juiz ou tribunal poderia declarar a inconstitucionalidade de lei ou ato normativo em um caso concreto. Entretanto, o constituinte brasileiro n?o trouxe dos Estados Unidos o instituto do stare decisis, atrav?s do qual os precedentes dos ?rg?os judiciais superiores acabam por vincular os inferiores. Em raz?o dessa aus?ncia, cada juiz ou tribunal brasileiro decidia livremente a respeito da constitucionalidade de norma, de tal maneira que a decis?o s? produzia efeitos entre as parte do lit?gio. Isso levou o surgimento de decis?es contradit?rias entre os ?rg?os judicantes, o que acabou por abalar a seguran?a jur?dica e a imagem do Judici?rio. Como sa?da para o problema, incorporou-se a partir da Constitui??o de 1934 a regra segundo a qual o Senado poderia suspender a lei declarada inconstitucional pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal. Com a introdu??o do controle abstrato de constitucionalidade, a partir de 1965, o Supremo Tribunal Federal passou a ter, tamb?m, o poder de declarar a invalidade da norma inconstitucional, com efic?cia contra todos, sem a necessidade de participa??o do Senado. Por?m, permaneceu a concep??o de que na hip?tese de o Supremo Tribunal Federal declarar a inconstitucionalidade de lei atrav?s do controle difuso o Senado continuaria com a compet?ncia de suspender a lei inconstitucional, ficando a decis?o do Pret?rio Excelso restrito ?s partes. A Constitui??o de 1988 fortaleceu o controle abstrato ampliando os legitimados da A??o Direta de Inconstitucionalidade e criando novos mecanismos de controle abstrato. Somando-se a isso, a Emenda Constitucional n.? 45/2004 trouxe o requisito da repercuss?o geral e introduziu o instituto da S?mula Vinculante, ambos para serem aplicados pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal nos julgamentos dos casos concretos, provocando consequentemente uma aproxima??o entre os controles abstrato e concreto de constitucionalidade. Enxergou-se destarte que o Supremo Tribunal Federal, como guardi?o da Constitui??o, deveria ter a sua atua??o pautada para o julgamento de quest?es de interesse p?blico. Nesta nova realidade ? desnecess?ria a participa??o do Senado para que a lei declarada inconstitucional no controle difuso pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal possa alcan?ar a todos, pois, tal interpreta??o tornou-se obsoleta. Por conseguinte, para adequ?-la a essa realidade, tal regra deve ser lida no sentido de que o Senado dar? publicidade ? lei declarada inconstitucional pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, vez que sofreu muta??o constitucional

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-07-06T19:28:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LiliaAsucaSumiya_TESE.pdf: 2571058 bytes, checksum: 5f7176acc96826c85f88d1fb15757a84 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-06T21:05:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LiliaAsucaSumiya_TESE.pdf: 2571058 bytes, checksum: 5f7176acc96826c85f88d1fb15757a84 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-06T21:05:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LiliaAsucaSumiya_TESE.pdf: 2571058 bytes, checksum: 5f7176acc96826c85f88d1fb15757a84 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-17 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Esta Tese tem como intuito compreender como uma determinada condi??o social adquire relev?ncia a ponto de ser considerado um problema que merece uma a??o governamental e como determinadas propostas de solu??o ganham evid?ncia em detrimento de outras. Mais especificamente, pretende-se analisar o campo das pol?ticas p?blicas de educa??o e verificar se os modelos anal?ticos adotados possuem for?a explicativa para se compreender como o tema do analfabetismo escolar entrou na agenda do governo do Estado do Cear? e como o Programa de Alfabetiza??o na Idade Certa (PAIC) foi se configurando ao longo do tempo. Do ponto de vista emp?rico das pol?ticas p?blicas de educa??o no Brasil, trata-se de um caso relevante ao se verificar que, historicamente, as pol?ticas de alfabetiza??o concentraram-se nos jovens e adultos, revelando a aus?ncia de a??es espec?ficas para as crian?as em est?gio de alfabetiza??o. Para compreendermos as raz?es que levaram o tema ao topo da agenda governamental cearense, esta Tese tem como base principal de sustenta??o a literatura sobre a an?lise de pol?ticas p?blicas, com ?nfase nos processos de forma??o de agenda e elabora??o de alternativas. Recorre-se a uma abordagem h?brida a partir da combina??o das ferramentas anal?ticas do Modelo de M?ltiplos Fluxos de Kingdon (1995), do Modelo de Coaliz?o Advocat?ria de Sabatier e Jenkins Smith (1993) e da abordagem do neoinstitucionalismo hist?rico. A pesquisa ? de natureza qualitativa e adotou como estrat?gia o m?todo de estudo de caso ?nico. Foi realizada uma triangula??o de dados a partir de documentos institucionais relativos ao PAIC, notas taquigr?ficas de eventos organizados pela Assembleia Legislativa do Cear?, mat?rias da m?dia, estudos acad?micos e entrevistas com atores chave de diferentes institui??es. Esta Tese conclui que, dada a complexidade do caso em estudo, a combina??o conjunta das tr?s abordagens anal?ticas mostrou-se adequada e necess?ria para a compreens?o dos m?ltiplos fatores que explicam a entrada do tema na agenda decis?ria do governo estadual cearense e o desenho do PAIC. Destacam-se a import?ncia das ideias e do empreendedor de pol?ticas p?blicas, a relev?ncia da etapa de reconhecimento do problema para a forma??o de uma ampla base de coaliz?o, o processo de constru??o das alternativas de a??o e a trajet?ria hist?rica das pol?ticas de educa??o no Cear?. Este estudo contribui, portanto, para uma melhor compreens?o das etapas que comp?em a forma??o de agenda nas pol?ticas p?blicas, em particular no campo da educa??o. / The objective of this thesis is to understand how a certain social condition becomes relevant enough to be regarded as an issue worthy of government action and how certain proposed initiatives prevail while others are discarded. More specifically, the goal is to discuss public policy for education and check whether the analytical models employed are significant enough to explain how the literacy issue became part of the policy agenda of the government of the State of Cear? in Brazil, and how the Literacy Program at the Right Age (PAIC) developed over time. From the empirical perspective about public policy for education in Brazil, this is a relevant case when one takes into account that, historically, the literacy policies are focused on teenagers and adults, implying a lack of specific initiatives towards children at the proper age of learning to read and write. In order to understand what drove this issue to the top of the state government agenda, this thesis is primarily based on the literature about public policy analysis, with focus on the agenda setting process and development of proposals. A hybrid approach is used, combining analytical tools from Kingdon?s Multiple Streams Model (1995), the Advocacy Coalition Framework by Sabatier and Jenkins Smith (1993) and the historical new institutionalism lens. The research method is qualitative and based on the single case study method. The data set was assembled from institutional PAIC-related documents, tachygraphy notes from sessions at Cear??s State House of Representatives, press clippings, academic studies and interviews with key participants from several organizations. The conclusion of this thesis is that, given the complexity of the case in point, the combination of the three analytical methods is adequate and necessary to understanding the multiple drivers for this issue to have entered Cear??s state government agenda and the design of the PAIC itself. Particularly relevant are the ideas and the policy entrepreneurs, the processes of problem recognition for the composition of a wide coalition and for the specification of alternatives, and the path dependence of the education policy in Cear?. This study adds, as a result, to a better understanding of the stages that make up the agenda setting in public policy, in particular in the field of education.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GeiltonPB_DISSERT.pdf: 3523623 bytes, checksum: d5595bc0f32c8806c2606c9cc537bc84 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-28 / This dissertation deals with the use of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) in the Military Police of Rio Grande do Norte (PMRN), an organization of service delivery in the area of public safety. For this purpose we sought refuge in the company's own documents, which presented the mission, vision and strategic objectives, which are items essential to the development of the instrument and its prospects. With the general objective of developing the BSC to PMRN, fitting into the methodology in a single case study, that from the desk study and according to their development, we established the classification of goals to the generic models and the BSC then adjusted according to public understanding of the corporation presented by professionals in the process of collection and in-depth interviews. Thus emerged the strategy map PMRN, based on the presentation of the causes and effects between the strategic objectives of each perspective, the value proposition to customers, internal processes needed to meet this value proposition and intangible assets, which are the basis to execute these processes / Trata o presente trabalho da utiliza??o do Balanced Scorecard (BSC) na Pol?cia Militar do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (PMRN), uma organiza??o de presta??o de servi?o p?blico na ?rea da seguran?a p?blica. Para tal intento buscou-se o amparo nos documentos da pr?pria empresa, os quais apresentaram a miss?o, vis?o e objetivos estrat?gicos, que s?o itens essenciais para o desenvolvimento do instrumento e suas perspectivas. Com o objetivo geral de elaborar o BSC para a PMRN, enquadrou-se a metodologia em um estudo de caso ?nico, que a partir do estudo documental e de acordo com o seu desenvolvimento, foi estabelecida a classifica??o dos objetivos ao modelo gen?rico do BSC e depois ajustado ao servi?o p?blico conforme o entendimento apresentado pelos profissionais da corpora??o no processo de coleta e nas entrevistas de profundidade. Assim, surgiu o mapa estrat?gico da PMRN, baseado na apresenta??o das poss?veis causas e efeitos entre os objetivos estrat?gicos de cada perspectiva, a proposi??o de valor aos clientes, os processos internos necess?rios ao atendimento dessa proposi??o de valor e os ativos intang?veis, que s?o a base para a execu??o desses processos