Esta pesquisa se dedicou à introdução dos jogos lógicos na sala de aula, em específico, ela busca a investigação das dificuldades encontradas pelos alunos com os diferentes estilos de jogos apresentados e quais são os raciocínios lógicos utilizados para a resolução dos problemas propostos. Buscamos os benefícios que estes jogos podem trazer para o ensino e a aprendizagem na sala de aula. Aliado a isso também trabalhamos a parte geométrica dos tabuleiros, e com isso os alunos utilizaram como ferramentas a régua e o compasso para a construção dos tabuleiros apresentados.. Para tanto, a metodologia de pesquisa escolhida foi o Estudo de Caso, de acordo com Fiorentini e Lorenzato (2006), Ventura (2007) e Gil (2002). O referencial teórico é baseado nos trabalhos de Macedo (2007), Grando (2011), Skovsmose (2000), Huizinga (2000), Kishimoto (2006), Zuin (2001), bem como os PCNs e outros artigos/livros relacionados aos jogos lógicos e as construções geométricas com a régua e o compasso. As atividades foram desenvolvidas com uma turma do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental de em uma Escola Municipal de Porto Alegre, no ano de 2015. Em especial sugerimos que é possível a inserção desses materiais a fim de serem usados como ferramentas de auxílio no ensino aprendizagem de matemática contribuindo positivamente para a formação dos alunos. Os registros coletados no estudo de caso possibilitaram a validação da proposta. / The present research has focused on the introduction of the logical games in the class. It aims to pin point difficulties presented by the students on the different styles of games proposed and a logical ratiocination is required to solve the tasks proposed. The benefits of the games along with the teaching and learning in the classroom was the goal. Additionally, the geometric segment of board games have been investigated and students used tools as ruler and compass to the construction of the boards presented. Therefore, the chosen researching methodology was the Case Study, according to Fiorentini e Lorenzato (2006), Ventura (2007) e Gil (2002). The theoretical referential is based on Works from Macedo (2007), Grando (2011), Skovsmose (2000), Huizinga (2000), Kishimoto (2006), Zuin (2001), along with the PCNs and others articles/books related to logical games and geometric constructions with a ruler and a compass. The activities were performed by a 9th grade group of the Elementary School in a Municipal School in Porto Alegre, in 2015. We showed in particular that is possible the insertion of these materials in order to be used as a sustenance tool on Mathematics Learning contributing positively to students formation. The data collected in the case study enabled the authentication of the proposal.

coordenadoria de aperfeiÃoamento de pessoal de ensino superior / Este trabalho apresenta construÃÃes bÃsicas realizadas com rÃgua e compasso que foram desenvolvidas por civilizaÃÃes antigas com o intuito de realizar tarefas do cotidiano e construir monumentos. Para isso, os procedimentos utilizados eram baseados em retas e circunferÃncias com a intenÃÃo de encontrar a medida adequada para estas realizaÃÃes. Mostraremos neste trabalho as principais construÃÃes realizadas com esses instrumentos, como alguns polÃgonos e algumas medidas algÃbricas. Analisaremos essas construÃÃes de forma simples e algÃbrica para justificar a veracidade de suas conclusÃes. Entenderemos tambÃm o conceito de nÃmeros construtÃveis e suas caracterÃsticas. Aprenderemos a identificar se um nÃmero pode ou nÃo ser construÃdo com a rÃgua e o compasso. Com isso, poderemos verificar com melhor clareza os problemas clÃssicos da geometria e o real motivo de nÃo haver soluÃÃes de construÃÃo para estes problemas. A finalidade deste trabalho à recordar um pouco do desenvolvimento da Geometria e mostrar ao aluno que algumas fÃrmulas e equaÃÃes podem ser desenhadas para que sua soluÃÃo seja revelada. / This paper presents basic constructions made with ruler and compass were developed by ancient civilizations in order to perform daily tasks and build monuments. For this,the procedures used were based on lines and circles with the intention of finding the appropriate measure for these achievements. We show in this paper the main buildings made with these instruments, such as polygons and some algebraic measures. We analyze these buildings simply and algebraic way to justify the veracity of its findings. Also we will understand the concept of constructible numbers and characteristics. We learn to identify a number may or may not be constructed with ruler and compass. With this, we can see with clarity the classic problems of geometry and the real reason there is no building solutions to these problems. The purpose of this work is to recall some of the development of geometry and show the student that some formulas and equations can be designed so that your solution is revealed.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:34:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jailson Pimentel - Parte 1.pdf: 1784235 bytes, checksum: f7993baeef9a2342c1f02de895b3895d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em desenvolver uma alternativa metodológica para o ensino de Geometria a partir do nono ano do ensino fundamental, com o propósito de despertar no aluno motivação por meio de mecanismos dinamizadores do pensamento lógico dedutivo. Neste sentido, será considerado relevante o ensino de Geometria baseado em construções geométricas com régua e compasso, já que os livros didáticos, em geral, abandonaram esse método de ensino de Geometria no nono ano. Enfocaremos também algumas construções utilizando os recursos práticos do software GeoGebra. Este trabalho será composto e desenvolvido em duas etapas. A primeira será composta por um questionário, o qual contemplará uma revisão dos conteúdos considerados pré-requisitos para a segunda parte. A segunda será formada pelas construções geométricas com régua e compasso, objeto principal desse trabalho, além de construções utilizando os recursos práticos do software GeoGebra. Para isso, utilizaremos uma linguagem simples, detalhando passo a passo a construção de cada figura. Contudo, nos limitaremos a figuras planas. A proposta de continuidade do assunto contempla as construções através de planificações de uma figura em três dimensões. Em geral, a disciplina Desenho Geométrico não está contemplada na grade curricular das escolas públicas. Com isso, os alunos, principalmente do ensino fundamental, acreditam que o compasso serve apenas para traçar círculos, sendo que ele também pode ser utilizado como um instrumento de medida. Espera-se que este trabalho não só contribua para um entendimento teórico como também na melhoria das práticas pedagógicas nas aulas de Geometria, visto que os conteúdos e metodologias usadas aqui são destinados principalmente para auxílio dos professores de Matemática da educação básica / The purpose of this work is to develop an alternative methodology for teaching Geometry beginning in ninth grade level, with the purpose of awakening in student motivation through mechanisms that enhance deductive logical thinking. In this sense, geometry teaching based on geometric constructions with ruler and compass will be considered relevant, as textbooks generally abandoned this geometry teaching method in ninth grade. We will also focus some elaborations using the resources of practical software Geogebra. This work will be made and developed in two stages. The first one will consist of a questionnaire, which will include a review of the contents considered prerequisites for the second part. The second and main stage of this work is formed by geometric constructions with ruler and compass, and then elaborations using the practical features of the software Geogebra. For this, we will use a simple language, detailing step by step the construction of each geometric picture. However, we will limit ourselves to plane figures. The continuity proposal of the subject reaches the constructions through flat pattern of a picture in three dimensions. In general, the discipline Geometric Drawing is not present in the public schools curriculum. Thus, students, particularly the ones from elementary school, believe that the measure serves only to draw circles, and it can also be used as a measuring instrument. It is hoped that this work will not only contribute to an understanding of theoretical as well as the improvement of teaching practices in geometry classes, since the contents and methodologies used here are intended, primarily, to help mathematics teachers of basic education

Regulation of chromatin by epigenetic modifications is a fundamental step during the control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells. The participation of different factors including histone chaperones, chromatin remodeling complexes and histone-modifying complexes regulate chromatin dynamics and ensure the correct metabolism of transcripts that need to be exported to the cytoplasm. In these lines, post-translational modifications including monoubiquitination of histone H2B (H2Bub1) and methylation of histone H3 represent a well-studied histone cross-talk which is required for chromatin integrity and transcription. Additionally, the transition from H2Bub1 to its deubiquitinated form by Ubp8, the DUB enzyme from SAGA (Spt-Ada-Gcn5-acetyltranferase) co-activator complex, is fundamental to obtain a correct gene expression. In this work, we demonstrate that the histone chaperone Asf1 and the Ran-binding protein Mog1, participate in maintaining correct levels of H2Bub1. We show that Mog1 is required for the trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4me3), hence, acting as a modulator of histone cross-talk. Mog1 role into gene expression is also demonstrated by its physical and genetically interaction with transcription factors including SAGA and COMPASS complexes. Indeed, we demonstrate that Mog1 interacts genetically with TREX-2 subunits and affects mRNA export. During this work, we have also focused in understanding the molecular mechanisms surrounding Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 7 (SCA7) which is a rare disease caused by amino acid glutamine (Q) repeats within the DUBm component, ATXN7. Therefore, our interest has been directed towards the study of new mechanisms that trigger SCA7 such as the DUB activity from SAGA complex, protein-protein interaction networks and metabolic profiles. / La regulación de la cromatina a través de modificaciones epigenéticas es un paso fundamental durante el control de la expresión génica en células eucariotas. La participación de diferentes factores tales como chaperonas de histonas, complejos de remodelación de la cromatina y complejos modificadores de histonas, regulan la dinámica de la cromatina y garantizan el correcto metabolismo de los transcritos que necesitan ser exportados al citoplasma. De esta forma, las modificaciones postraduccionales que incluyen la monoubicuitinación de la histona H2B (H2Bub1) y la metilación de la histona H3 representan un "cross-talk" de histonas la cual es requerida para la integridad de la cromatina y la transcripción. Además, la transición de H2Bub1 a su forma desubicuitinada por Ubp8, la enzima DUB del complejo co-activador SAGA (Spt-Ada-Gcn5-acetiltranferasa), es necesaria para obtener una expresión génica correcta. En este trabajo, se demuestra que la chaperona de histona Asf1 y la proteína de unión a Ran, Mog1, participan en el mantenimiento de los niveles de H2Bub1. Se demuestra que Mog1 es necesaria para la trimetilación de la histona H3 en la lisina 4 (H3K4me3), actuando como un modulador del "cross-talk" de histonas. El papel de Mog1 en la expresión génica también se demuestra por sus interacciones físicas y genéticas con factores de transcripción, incluyendo los complejos SAGA y COMPASS. Además, demostramos que Mog1 interactúa genéticamente con subunidades de TREX-2 y afecta a la exportación de mRNAs. Durante este trabajo, también nos hemos centrado en la comprensión de los mecanismos moleculares que envuelven a la Ataxia Espinocerebelosa Tipo 7 (SCA7), que es una enfermedad rara causada por una repetición de aminoácidos glutamina (Q) dentro del componente del DUBm, ATXN7. Por lo tanto, nuestro interés se ha dirigido hacia el estudio de nuevos mecanismos que desencadenan SCA7, como la actividad DUB del complejo SAGA, las interacciones proteína-proteína y los perfiles metabólicos. / La regulació de la cromatina a través de modificacions epigenètiques és un pas fonamental durant el control de l'expressió gènica en cèl·lules eucariotes. La participació de diferents factors tals com chaperones d'histones, complexos de remodelació de la cromatina i complexos modificadors d'histones, regulen la dinàmica de la cromatina i garanteixen el correcte metabolisme dels transcrits que necessiten ser exportats al citoplasma. D'aquesta forma, les modificacions postraduccionals que inclouen la monoubicuitinació de la histona H2B (H2Bub1) i la metilació de la histona H3 representen un "cross-talk" d'histones la qual és requerida per a la integritat de la cromatina i la transcripció. A més, la transició d'H2Bub1 a la seua forma desubicuitinada per Ubp8, l'enzim DUB del complex co-activador SAGA (Spt-Ada-Gcn5-acetiltranferasa), és necessària per a obtenir una expressió gènica correcta. En aquest treball, es demostra que la chaperona de histona Asf1 i la proteïna d'unió a Ran, Mog1, participen en el manteniment dels nivells d'H2Bub1. Es demostra que Mog1 és necessària per a la trimetilació de la histona H3 en la lisina 4 (H3K4me3), actuant com un modulador del "cross-talk" d'histones. El paper de Mog1 en l'expressió gènica també es demostra per les seues interaccions físiques i genètiques amb factors de transcripció, incloent els complexos SAGA i COMPASS. A més, vam demostrar que Mog1 interactua genèticament amb subunitats de TREX-2 i afecta a l'exportació de mRNA. Durant aquest treball, també ens hem centrat en la comprensió dels mecanismes moleculars que envolten a l'Atàxia Espinocerebelosa Tipus 7 (SCA7), que és una malaltia rara causada per una repetició d'aminoàcids glutamina (Q) dins del component del DUBm, ATXN7. Per tant, el nostre interès s'ha dirigit cap a l'estudi de nous mecanismes que desencadenen SCA7, com l'activitat DUB del complex SAGA, les interacciones proteïna-proteïna i els perfils metabòlics. / Oliete Calvo, P. (2017). Study of the SAGA deubiquitination module: identification of new modulators and its implication on Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 7 [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/86155 / TESIS

This thesis describes design and implementation of augmented reality system for Android platform using location sensors. The application serves as a navigation and displays geographical points of interest. Thesis deals with augmented reality on mobile devices, describes design of own framework and mentions the details about implementation of selected problems. Finally, the results are evaluated.

Title: Study of azimuthal asymmetries in COMPASS Drell-Yan data Author: Bc. Markéta Pešková Department / Institute: Department of Low Temperature Physics Supervisor of the master thesis: M.Sc. Michael Finger, CSc. Abstract: Drell-Yan (DY) process, i.e. a lepton pair production in hadron-hadron interaction, is one of the unique tools to study structure of hadrons. In this thesis we present its theoretical background and its link to description of the nucleon spin structure. The corresponding formalism of the Parton Distribution Functions (PDF) and the Transverse Momentum Dependent Parton Distribution Functions (TMD PDF) is explained in some detail. The fundamental theoretical prediction of a sign change of the T-odd TMDs in the DY and Semi- inclusive DIS (SIDIS) is described. In the following a concise description of the COMPASS apparatus is given with the emphasis on the setup modification needed and implemented for the Drell-Yan measurement performed in 2014 and 2015 with 190 GeV/c2 beam of negative pions and the proton target (polarised in 2015). In the final chapter we present our independent analysis of the DY data taken in 2015. Three azimuthal asymmetries giving access to the different TMD PDF were extracted using the dimuon events from a mass region of 4.3 to 8.5 GeV/c2 . Our results are in agreement...

Jointly-supervised doctoral thesis Title: Nucleon spin structure studies in Drell-Yan process at COMPASS Author: Jan Matoušek Department I: Department of Low Temperature Physics, Faculty of Mathem- atics and Physics, Charles University Department II: Department of Physics, University of Trieste Supervisor I: prof. Miroslav Finger (Department I) Supervisor II: prof. Anna Martin (Department II) Abstract: The nucleon structure is presently described by Transverse Momentum Depend- ent (TMD) Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs), which generalise the collinear PDFs, adding partonic spin and transverse momentum degrees of freedom. The recent HERMES and COMPASS data on hadron production in deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) of leptons off transversely polarised nucleons have provided a decisive validation of this framework. Nevertheless, the TMD PDFs should be studied in complementary reactions, like pp hard scattering and Drell-Yan pro- cesses. In particular the Sivers TMD PDF, which encodes the correlation between the nucleon transverse spin and quark transverse momentum and appears in the Sivers Transverse Spin Asymmetry (TSA), is expected to have opposite sign in Drell-Yan and SIDIS. In 2015 COMPASS measured for the first time the Drell- Yan process on a transversely polarised target π− p↑ → µ− µ+ X to test...

The aim of the thesis is to examine plasma-wall interaction using computer modeling. Tokamak- relevant plasma conditions are simulated using the particle-in-cell model family SPICE working in three or two dimensions. SPICE model was upgraded with a parallel Poisson equation solver and a heat equation solver module. Plasma simulation aimed at synthetic Langmuir probe measurements were performed. First set considered a flush-mounted probe and the effect of variable magnetic field angle was studied with aim to compare existing probe data evaluation techniques and assess their operational space, in which the plasma parameters estimation via fit to the current-voltage characteristic is accurate. Second simulation set studied a protruding probe pin. Effective collecting area of such probe was investigated with intentions of density measurement collection. This area was found to be influenced by a combination of two factors. First, the density dampening inside the magnetic pre-sheath of the probe head, and the second, the extension of the area caused by Larmor rotation. A comparison with experimental results obtained at COMPASS tokamak was was performed, confirming these results. Keywords Langmuir probe, simulation, particle-in-cell, tokamak, Poisson equation, COMPASS 1

This Master thesis tackles the problem of measuring objects’ directions from a motionlessobservation point. A new method based on a single rotating camera requiring the knowledge ofonly two (or more) landmarks’ direction is proposed. In a first phase, multi-view geometry isused to estimate camera rotations and key elements’ direction from a set of overlapping images.Then in a second phase, the direction of any object can be estimated by resectioning the cameraassociated to a picture showing this object. A detailed description of the algorithmic chain isgiven, along with test results on both synthetic data and real images taken with an infraredcamera. / Detta masterarbete behandlar problemet med att mäta objekts riktningar från en fastobservationspunkt. En ny metod föreslås, baserad på en enda roterande kamera som kräverendast två (eller flera) landmärkens riktningar. I en första fas används multiperspektivgeometri,för att uppskatta kamerarotationer och nyckelelements riktningar utifrån en uppsättningöverlappande bilder. I en andra fas kan sedan riktningen hos vilket objekt som helst uppskattasgenom att kameran, associerad till en bild visande detta objekt, omsektioneras. En detaljeradbeskrivning av den algoritmiska kedjan ges, tillsammans med testresultat av både syntetisk dataoch verkliga bilder tagen med en infraröd kamera.

Covalent modifications of histones play a critical role in many important biological processes such as transcription, DNA repair and recombination. Among the major modifications known so far, histone H3 acetylation at lysines 9 and 14 (H3K9/14), monoubiquitination of histone H2B at lysine123 (H2BK123) and H3 lysine 4 methylation (H3K4) are among the more studied ones. The importances of these modifications have been further stressed by its connection to various human diseases including cancers. Previous biochemical studies have shown that H2BK123 ubiquitination is mandatory for methylation at histone H3K4. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of H3K4 methylation by H2B ubiquitination in vivo. Thus, the prime focus of this study is to understand the factors involved in the regulation of H2B ubiquitination, the regulatory mechanisms of the cross-talk between H2BK123 ubiquitination and H3K4 methylation and the role of these covalent modifications in transcriptional regulation under physiological conditions. Here in this study, I have shown that Ubp8p, a histone deubiquitinase, is a bona fide subunit of SAGA (Spt3-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase) co-activator complex and selectively regulates both di and trimethylation of histone H3K4 at the core promoter of a SAGA-dependent gene in vivo. However, over the open reading frames for a subset of constitutive genes H2B ubiquitination selectively upregulates only H3K4 trimethylation but not dimethylation. Moreover, such an upregulation of H3K4 trimethylation has no impact on the RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) recruitment and hence transcription of the respective genes. Interestingly, at an inducible gene, histone H2B ubiquitination promotes transcription elongation independently of H3K4 methylation. Furthermore, this study also demonstrates for the first time, the molecular mechanism for the cross-talk between H2B ubiquitination and H3K4 methylation in vivo. Evidently a COMPASS subunit, Cps35p, is necessary for the trans-tail cross talk between histones H2B and H3. Finally, this study also shows that Sgf73p, a SAGA subunit, is required for SAGA recruitment at the promoters of several SAGA dependent genes and facilitates transcription in both HAT-dependent and HAT-independent manner. Collectively, the results from this study not only provide deep insights into the regulatory mechanisms of H2B ubiquitination and H3K4 methylation (and their role in transcription) but also give a new functional dimension to SAGA subunit, Sgf73p, under physiological conditions. Given the role of histone acetylation, ubiquitination and methylation in many human diseases, the results from this study is of tremendous clinical value unveiling new therapeutical targets.