Every year, 12,000 people in Sweden are diagnosed with aphasia. Many people with aphasia supplement their logopedic treatment by participating in an aphasia group. Aphasia groups provide both social and linguistic stimulation. The aim of the present thesis was to study the social interaction between participants, and between participants and leaders in aphasia groups. In the present study, eleven persons with aphasia and four leaders participated divided into three aphasia groups. The groups were video recorded during sessions with a total of four sessions. Two hours of social interaction were recorded. The material was transcribed and analyzed according to Conversation Analytical principles. The study focuses specifically on the use of gestures and face-work. Both phenomena could be observed in all groups. The results of the present work showed that different gestures could enhance as well as reduce intelligibility. Individuals’ gesture use was consistent with their ability of expression, i.e. the better the expressive ability, the more acceptable and understandable gestures. Face-work that was analyzed in the present study showed that face-threatening as well as face-saving strategies occur in aphasia groups. / Varje år drabbas 12 000 personer i Sverige av afasi. Många kompletterar sin logopediska behandling genom att delta i afasigrupp. Afasigruppen ger både social och språklig stimulans. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att studera social interaktion mellan deltagare och mellan deltagare och ledare i afasigrupp.  I studien deltog elva personer och fyra ledare fördelat på tre afasigrupper. Grupperna filmades under pågående session. Sammanlagt filmades fyra tillfällen och totalt cirka två timmar social interaktion. Materialet transkriberades och analyserades enligt samtalsanalytiska principer. I studien fokuseras särskilt på användandet av gester och fasadarbete (face). Båda kategorierna kunde iakttas i samtliga grupper. Resultatet i föreliggande arbete visade att olika gester kunde stärka förståeligheten och andra minska förståeligheten. Individernas gestanvändande stämde överens med deras uttrycksförmåga: Ju bättre uttrycksförmåga, desto mer vedertagna och lättförståeliga gester. Fasadarbete som analyserades i föreliggande studie visade att ansiktshotande så väl som ansiktsräddande strategier förekommer i afasigrupper.

The main goal of this thesis is to describe what happens in the collaborative approach to therapy from a conversation and discursive analytical perspective. The data we worked with are part of collaborative therapy sessions in Mexican Spanish Dialect. Chapter 1 is an introduction to two of the main social constructionist approaches to therapy, the `reflecting team approach' and the `collaborative approach' to therapy. This sets out the theoretical environment in which the therapy was done. Chapter 2 is a review of the state of the art in conversation and discourse studies on therapy talk and related fields, illustrating the type of analysis done up to now. Chapter 3 describes aspects of Mexican population that were part of the context in which the data originated; some notes on translation issues are included here. Chapter 4 is the first analytic chapter and it describes the dynamics in conversation of the English particle `okay' as found in Spanish therapeutic interaction. It shows both the work okay is doing when found in the therapists' discourse and what it is doing when found in the clients' discourse. Chapter 5 presents the analysis of instances of informality that were found in the data, arguing that aspects of an `egalitarian therapeutic stance' can be displayed in the participants' talk. Chapter 6 is a study on questions and therapy, more specifically it shows the questions that can be asked by the clients in therapy talk and the conversational job this is doing. Chapter 7 is an example of research done when taking as a starting point a category that is relevant for therapy and counselling: active listening. In reading through this thesis, the reader will find aspects of the therapeutic approach as displayed in talk. Examples of this are the displays in talk of the philosophical stance, such as being egalitarian in an institutional setting. Besides describing how theoretical assumptions can be displayed in talk, this work describes in detail several aspects of therapy talk.

Adopting an eclectic analytic perspective of discourse analysis, conversation analysis and functional approaches, this study conducts an in-depth pragmatic analysis and describes the function of three pragmatic particles yani, iSte and Sey in casual, conversational Turkish. All three particles have multiple functions, which are described by reference to occurrences in utterances within three different domains of conversation. While utterance initial occurrences of yani are mainly connective and continuative, the utterance final placement of yani mainly acts as a situating particle with a strongly interactional nature. The utterance medial occurrences are basically &lsquo / self-editing&rsquo / whereby the speaker marks the clarification of a point in his/her prior talk. iSte mainly acts as a frame particle demarcating utterances as containing detailed, highlighted, and reported information as well as connecting distant pieces of utterances. The third particle Sey basically marks the speaker&rsquo / s temporary mental effort of extracting the linguistic information from the memory. In addition to its major role in repair organisation whereby marking its producer&rsquo / s verbal planning and word search, Sey displays caution and discretion and marks politeness when assessing/asserting something about the self or the other.

This dissertation analysed the interactions between instructors and students in a language classroom in Russia. Using video-recorded data, instructor interviews, and student assessments from English classes at a private language school for children in the Urals region of Russia, a Conversation Analytic [CA] framework was employed to determine: how the talk (specifically turn-taking, adjacency pairs, and repairs) was sequentially organised; if and how the institutional setting constrained the talk; and if previously determined 'universal' structures of talk applied to this Russian academic discourse. This research also tested the hypotheses that the 'universal' structures of talk would apply regardless of gender, but would be used differently by the boys and girls, and by the instructors interacting with them. The relevance of the participants' institutional identities or gender to the interaction was also examined. The analysis showed that the participants did orient to their institutional identities of instructor or student, and the institutional setting did constrain the organisation of talk. The instructors' responses to the interviews and 'student assessment' questionnaires showed that they generally had positive attitudes toward girls and mixed attitudes toward boys. While the underlying sequences, the universal 'rules' of interaction, applied to interactions with both boys and girls, how (and how frequently) the sequences were used did vary by gender (i.e., typically 'male' and 'female' speech styles). Also, some of the organisation of talk showed that the instructors did orient to the students' genders in the classroom. This research is significant as the first CA study of the sequential organisation of talk in an institutional setting in Russia. In general, this research contributes to the CA findings on the organisation of talk in different languages, cultures, and settings; specifically, it provides the first point of comparison of Russian classroom interactions, from a CA perspective, with the large corpus of data already collected in classrooms in the Western tradition of education. Finally, this research is significant as it provides a thorough microanalysis of the relativity of gender-specific verbal behaviour; the analysis also shows how the instructors behave verbally, and in this way produce gender-specific communication styles. / Slavic Linguistics

Disputats, Stockholms universitet, 2007. / Heri indgår 4 artikler: Conflicts of interest : an indispensable element of education for sustainability: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504620601122566 ; Identity transformation in education for sustainble development : a question of location / Iann Lundegård & Per-Olof Wickman. Self, values and the world : young people in dialogue on sustainable development ; Pluralism and democracy in discourses on sustainable development : an empirical study of how students constitute free, political subjects / Iann Lundegård. Med litteraturhenvisninger.

Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Division of Linguistics & Psychology, Department of Linguistics, 2007. / Bibliography: 269-288.

NASCIMENTO, Júlio César Dinoá do. Marcadores discursivos na norma oral popular de Fortaleza. 2010. 193f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza (CE), 2010. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-26T11:41:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_tese_jcdnascimento.pdf: 1478802 bytes, checksum: a2c55690320030b399f3f08150e46727 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-26T12:57:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_tese_jcdnascimento.pdf: 1478802 bytes, checksum: a2c55690320030b399f3f08150e46727 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-26T12:57:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_tese_jcdnascimento.pdf: 1478802 bytes, checksum: a2c55690320030b399f3f08150e46727 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Our study aimed at analyzing the use of the most frequent discourse markers in the popular oral discourse of the city of Fortaleza, considering the linguistic aspects (formal and functional), social (pertaining to sex and length of schooling) and aspect interaction (on the type of investigation DID). The theoretical bases that supported the data analysis relied on Functional Grammar (Dik, 1997), on Functional Discourse Grammar (Hengeveld; Makenzie, 2008) and on the theoretical and methodological analysis Conversation (Said Ali, 1930; Gülich, 1970; Pawley, 1973; Brown; Levison, 1978; Shiffrin, 1987; Fraser, 1987; Preti, 1987; Marcuschi, 1989; Risso; Silva; Urbano, 2006). In order to investigate the defining properties of discourse markes, we conducted a survey of 75 forms found in the type of survey DID corpus NORPOFOR (Norma Popular Fortaleza). We identify the most frequent discourse markers in oral discourse popular in Fortaleza, the principal functions, the conditioning of the characteristics associated with type of investigation, the social variables established in the research and finally we propose a framework with the identifier properties, but not absolute marker discursive matches. / A nossa pesquisa teve por objetivo geral analisar a utilização dos marcadores discursivos mais recorrentes na norma oral popular da cidade de Fortaleza, considerando os aspectos linguísticos (formais e funcionais), sociais (relativos ao sexo e ao tempo de escolaridade) e o aspecto interacional (relativo ao tipo de inquérito DIDdiálogo documentador – informante- documentador). As bases teóricas que subsidiaram a análise dos dados apoiaram-se na Gramática Funcional (Dik, 1997), na Gramática Discursivo-Funcional (Hengeveld; Makenzie, 2008), e nos pressupostos teóricometodológicos da Análise da Conversação (Said Ali, 1930; Gülich, 1970; Pawley, 1973; Brow e Levison, 1978, Shiffrin, 1987; Fraser, 1987; Preti, 1987, Marcuschi, 1989; Risso; Silva; Urbano, 2006). A fim de investigarmos sobre as propriedades definidoras dos marcadores discursivos, fizemos um levantamento de 75 formas encontradas, no tipo de inquérito DID do corpus NORPOFOR (Norma popular de Fortaleza). Identificamos os marcadores discursivos mais frequentes na norma oral popular de Fortaleza, as principais funções, o condicionamento das características associadas ao tipo de inquérito, as variáveis sociais estabelecidas na pesquisa e, finalmente propomos um quadro com as propriedades identificadoras, porém não absolutas, dos marcadores discursivos encontrados.

This research was essential to analyze the process of oralization a written text, pointing out the importance of elements of orality to the construction of meaning between the subject interactive in pieces theater. The analysis was done on these pieces, transcribed the oral environment in the classroom. The appropriateness of activities in written and spoken texts, conversely, can help students understand how to perform each of these modalities text. Was based on studies of conversational discussions Kerbrat-Orecchioni (2006), Sacks, Schegloff, Jefferson (2003), Silva (2004), Marcuschi (2003a). For studies related to the process of oralization and / or (re) formulation appeared Marcuschi (1990, 1992, 1999, 2002, 2001, 2007 and 2008), Favero et alia. (2000), Flores & Silva (2005), Dionísio & Hoffnagel (2005, p.119). The analysis showed that the informants used in pieces theater such as brands of oral correction, repetition, paraphrase, hesitation and modalization, although oral manifestations have been from a previously prepared written text. The relevance of the work is given to show the transition from oral to written text, indicating the specificity of each one in the relations of the classroom. / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o processo de oralização de um texto escrito, apontando a importância de elementos da oralidade para a construção do sentido entre os sujeitos interativos em peças teatrais. A análise foi feita nessas peças, transcritas da oralidade em ambiente de sala de aula. As atividades de adequação de textos falados em escritos e, de maneira contrária, podem contribuir para que os alunos percebam como se realiza cada uma dessas modalidades textuais. Teve como fundamentos, quanto aos estudos conversacionais, as discussões de Kerbrat-Orecchioni (2006), Sacks, Schegloff, Jefferson (2003) , Silva (2004), Marcuschi (2003a) . No tocante aos estudos ligados ao processo de oralização e/ou (re) formulação, apareceram Marcuschi (1990, 1992, 1999, 2002, 2001, 2007 e 2008), Fávero et ali. (2000), Flôres e Silva (2005), Dionísio & Hoffnagel (2005, p.119). Com isso, as análises investigam como os informantes usaram, nas peças teatrais, marcas da oralidade como a correção, a repetição, a paráfrase, a hesitação e a modalização, mesmo tendo essas manifestações advindas de textos escritos e previamente elaborados, buscando-se como se dá a passagem do texto escrito para o oral, assinalando as especificidades próprias de cada um, nas relações de sala de aula.

The core of the present master's thesis is a sociolinguistic analysis of the conversational marker 'che' in Rioplatense Spanish. Initially, the history and concept of conversation analysis are presented. The process of grammaticalization and the classification of pragmatic markers are also described. Secondly, the author defines sociolinguistics and, on the basis of William Labov's work, explains methodological problems related to collecting real language data. The terms Rioplatense Spanish and 'porte?o' are widely described as well. Further, 'che' is investigated theoretically as a case of interjection that resulted in a conversational particle. The proper sociolinguistic investigation is based on three methods: introspection, qualitative and quantitative analysis. Functions of 'che', as well as its occurence according to different social factores are studied in this work.

This paper aims to introduce a concept called digital dialogical network. This concept is inspired by a similar concept called medial dialogical network, which was elaborated in past sociolingustic research. Whereas the concept of medial dialogical network is used to describe dialogical interactions, which may take place in a sequence of published media contributions, the concept of digital dialogical network aims to describe similar interactions which may take place in a series of language contributions published on the internet. Furthermore, this paper shows some language behaviour similarities between rappers and youtubers. Those are also social groups, language of which has been used as a primary language data source.