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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Étude thérapeutique en hépatologie de l'orotate d'amino-imidazole-carboxamide.

Burde-Seidenbinder, France. Unknown Date (has links)
Thèse--Méd.--Reims, 1972. / Bibliogr. p. 67.
2

Síntese, caracterização e reatividade de aminas de rutênio com dicianobenzeno e seus derivados carboxamidos e carboxamidas.

Macêdo, Antônio Marcos de Souza January 2003 (has links)
Submitted by Edileide Reis (leyde-landy@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-23T11:10:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Macedo.pdf: 1200228 bytes, checksum: 0813ce51094179db0bdb1033814d2362 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-04-23T11:10:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Macedo.pdf: 1200228 bytes, checksum: 0813ce51094179db0bdb1033814d2362 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Neste trabalho foram sintetizados os complexos [Ru(NH3)5(1,4-dcb)](BF4)2 e [Ru(NH3)5(1,2-dcb)](BF4)2, ( dcb = dicianobenzeno) bem como os compostos obtidos a partir da oxidação por eletrólise a potencial controlado dessas espécies contendo nitrilas, tais como: [Ru(NH3)5(1,4-NCbzam)](BF4)3.H2O; [Ru(NH3)5(1,2-dambz)](BF4)2.4H2O ( 1,4-NCbzam = 1,4-cianobenzamida) (1,2-dambz = 1,2-diamidabenzeno). Foram efetuados estudos espectroscópicos nas regiões do ultravioleta- visível e do infravermelho, eletroquímicos e espectroeletroquímicos em solução aquosa. Os compostos [Ru(NH3)5(1,4-dcb)](BF4)2 e [Ru(NH3)5(1,2-dcb)](BF4)2 apresentam bandas nas regiões do ultravioleta que podem ser atribuídas às transições *-** e chamadas de interna do ligante (IL). Na região do visível apresentam uma banda atribuída a transferência de carga do metal para o ligante (TCML). Para os complexos de Ru(III), a banda de absorção que ocorre na faixa de 300-400 nm pode ser designada como sendo uma transferência de carga do ligante para o metal (TCLM), Ru(III)-amida(o).Os resultados dos espectros na região do infravermelho ratificam a coordenação do ligante dicianobenzeno ao Ru(II). Analisando a região da freqüência de estiramento NC, verificam-se sinais correspondentes ao grupo NC coordenado e não coordenado. Observa-se ainda, para cada nitrila coordenada ao grupo [Ru(NH3)5]2+, um decréscimo da freqüência de estiramento NC em relação ao ligante livre. Esta alteração no valor do estiramento NC é resultado da diminuição da ordem de ligação causada pela "ligação reversa" dos elétrons d* do metal para os orbitais ** da nitrila. Os resultados de voltametria cíclica em solução aquosa ácida indicam que o processo de eletrodo [RuII/III(NH3)5(L)] ( L= 1,4-dcb ou 1,2-dcb) é reversível e controlado por difusão. Através da eletrólise a potencial controlado em conjunto com a voltametria cíclica , espec- troscopia na região do UV-vis e infravermelho conclui-se que a oxidação do Ru(II) à Ru(III) em solução aquosa apresenta uma reação química subsequente. Esta reação refere-se à hidrólise da nitrila, formando o amida(o) complexo correspondente. A constante de velocidade de hidrólise para os complexos[RuIII(NH3)5(L)] ( L= 1,4-dcb ou 1,2-dcb) estimada a 25 oC, após oxidação química dos complexos análogos de Ru(II) com o íon peroxidissulfato, sendo 2,9 x10-3 s-1 para o complexo com 1,4?dcb e de 5,6x10-3 s-1 para o complexo com 1,2-dcb. Foi ainda investigado neste trabalho o processo de eletrodo dos compostos obtidos após hidrólise dos complexos [RuIII(NH3)5(dcb)]. A redução química do centro metálico em [RuIII(NH3)5(1,4-NCbzam)]3+ e [RuIII(NH3)5(1,2-NCbzam)]3+é seguida por uma reação de aquação resultando nos produtos [RuII(NH3)5(OH2)]2+ , amida e ainda em uma reação de isomerização onde formam-se os complexos [RuII(NH3)5(1,4-NCbzam)]2+ e [RuII(NH3)5(1,2-NCbzam)]2+. Para o sistema [RuIII(NH3)5(1,2-NCbzam)]3+, ainda no complexo de Ru(III), tem-se também a reação de isomerização envolvendo o átomo de ?N? do grupo amida e ?N? do grupo nitrila, cuja constante de velocidade mostrou-se dependente do pH com um valor estimado de 2,28± 0,02 s-1 em pH = 1,99 a 25 oC. Como produto desta reação de isomerização no complexo [RuIII(NH3)5(1,2-NH-CO-C6H4-CN)] tem-se o íon [RuIII(NH3)5(1,2-NCbzam)], que hidrolisa formando [RuIII(NH3)5(1,2-dambz)]2+. Este mesmo produto é obtido após oxidação de [RuII(NH3)5(1,2-NCbzam)]2+ e posterior hidrólise. O processo de eletrodo para o sistema [RuIII/II(NH3)5(1,2-dambz)] apresenta um comportamento reversível e sem reação química subsequente, comportamento não comum em outros sistemas Ru(II)-amida. / Salvador
3

Fungicidas de efeitos fisiológicos no metabolismo e na produtividade do tomateiro /

Rodrigues, Luan Fernando Ormond Sobreira January 2017 (has links)
Orientador: João Domingos Rodrigues / Resumo: O tomateiro é uma das mais importantes culturas no Brasil, sendo São Paulo o segundo estado que mais produz este vegetal no país, atrás apenas de Goiás. Além do efeito protetor e curativo dos fungicidas utilizados para este estudo, verificou-se que também têm efeito sobre a fotossíntese líquida da planta, devido à redução momentânea da respiração celular, processo fisiológico que compete com a fotossíntese. Dado o exposto, este estudo teve como objetivo determinar o efeito fisiológico de fungicidas sobre a atividade de enzimas antioxidantes, a fotossíntese e as características produtivas e de viabilidade econômica do tomateiro 'saladete', híbrido Caribe F1 cultivado em casa de vegetação. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Produção de São Manuel-SP, pertencente à FCA/UNESP. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com oito tratamentos e quatro repetições, cada unidade experimental contendo sete plantas. Os tratamentos referem-se ao uso de fungicidas com efeitos fisiológicos, nomeadamente: T1 – Controle; T2 – Piraclostrobina (CT); T3 – CT+BOS; T4 – Boscalida (BOS); T5 – BOS+FP; T6 – Fluxapiroxade+Piraclostrobina (FP); T7 – FP+CT e T8 – FP+CT+BOS. Foram realizados cinco testes de quantificação de trocas gasosas, realizando-se essas análises em diferentes momentos após a pulverização dos fungicidas. Como resultados foi possível observar que os fungicidas de efeitos fisiológicos aplicados nessa pesquisa influenciam positivamente nas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Doutor
4

Evaluating the function of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in CNS autoimmunity

Avendaño Guzmán, Erika 17 October 2018 (has links)
No description available.
5

Hit to Lead Stage Optimization of Orally Efficacious β-Carboline Antimalarials

Mathew, Jopaul 24 January 2023 (has links)
Malaria, a disease caused by the parasite Plasmodium, continues to be one of the deadliest diseases worldwide. The WHO reported over 627,000 deaths in 2020, and over 1 billion people are at risk of infection. Even though Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACT) are the current standard of care for malaria, the emergence of drug resistance generates a constant need to develop and synthesize new drugs. Tetrahydro-β-carboline acid (THβC) 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-2-ium-3-carboxylate (MMV008138) has promising antimalarial properties; it was discovered by screening the Malaria Box with the so-called IPP Rescue assay. This assay identified MMV008138 as an inhibitor of the MEP pathway, which produces essential isoprenoid precursors (IPP and DMAPP) in the malaria parasite P. falciparum (EC50 250 ± 70 nM, IPP rescue 100% @ 2.5 μM). Subsequent investigation revealed that (1R,3S)-configuration and 2',4'-dihalogen substitution were critical for the activity of this compound, and that substitution of the non-aromatic ring was not tolerated. To search for new antimalarial structures, our collaborator Dr. Max Totrov constructed a generalized 3D pharmacophore-based on MMV008138 and 92 of its analogs and used it for a virtual ligand screen (VLS) of the 13K compound hit set from which MMV008138 had been selected. This exercise identified TCMDC-140230, a THβC, 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-8-methyl-N-(2-(methylamino)ethyl)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxamide (undefined stereochemistry) reported having nearly the same potency of MMV008138. Synthesis of the stereoisomers of compound TCMDC-140230 was accomplished via Pictet-Spengler reaction of (S)- and (R)-7-methyl tryptophan methyl ester and 3,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde. The individual stereoisomeric esters were converted to the corresponding amides, but none of the stereoisomers of TCMDC-140230 were potent antimalarials (IC50 = 1,300 – 3,700 nM). However, a significant amount of oxidized byproduct 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-8-methyl-N-(2-(methylamino)ethyl)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxamide (MMV1803522) was observed in the synthesis of (1S,3S)- and (1R,3R)-TCDMC-140230. This achiral β-carboline amide (PRC1584, IC50 = 108 ± 7 nM) proved more potent towards P. falciparum than MMV008138 and its toxicity was not reversed by co-application of IPP. Thus, the antimalarial target of MMV1803522 is distinct from that of MMV008138. Most importantly, MMV1803522 at 40 mg/kg/day (oral) cured P. berghei malaria infection in mice. The lead compound also was found to have a good safety profile. Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) has expressed interest in this compound which is now also known as MMV1803522. The results from these biological assays gave the insight to develop new analogs that have better asexual blood stage inhibition potency. Extensive structure-activity relationship studies were conducted by synthesizing analogs of the compound MMV1803522. The studies were mainly focused on analyzing the effect of aliphatic substitutions, how well the potency can be improved with different D-ring substitutions, and amide substitutions. In addition to this structural optimization, several metabolism studies were also conducted on this new lead compound. The potency study results of C1 alkyl-substituted analogs of MMV1803522 showed that aromatic substitutions are required at C1 for maintaining good inhibition potency. The heteroaryl substituents at C1 were found to be slightly less potent than the lead compound MMV1803522. Synthesis of analogs without C8 methyl group as in lead compound showed an EC50 < 100 nM is possible with a C8 hydrogen substitution. Most noteworthy is 3,4,5-trichlotophenyl-bearing compound 3.20a, which had an EC50 of 54 ± 8 nM. This compound is twice as potent as MMV1803522. Equipotent analogs to MMV1803522 were also synthesized with different amide substituents. The metabolism studies showed low solubility for compounds having an EC50 less than or close to 100 nM. Unfortunately, the intrinsic clearance rate of several selected compounds was found to be higher than MMV1803522. These results left us with scope for the development of new analog compounds. The emerging structure-activity relationship within this scaffold and outline of remaining challenges to improve potency sub-100 nM without compromising moderate solubility and good metabolic stability are in progress. / Doctor of Philosophy / Malaria is a global health problem that causes significant sickness and death annually in the developing world. The emergence of resistant parasite strains of malaria massively challenges efforts to eliminate this threat. To control the spread of malaria, there is a continuous need for the development of new antimalarial drugs that ideally offer a single-dose cure and new mechanism of action. One such promising target, called, Methyl Erythrytol Phosphate (MEP) pathway which produces IPP and DMAPP, are important isoprenoid precursors required in living beings. A compound MMV008138 was identified from a collection of compounds that exhibited antimalarial activity, the so-called "Malaria Box", and this compound was further analyzed for several biological assays. Unfortunately, MMV008138 was unsuccessful Since it was found toxic in mice when ingested orally. The efforts to develop structurally similar analogs of MMV008138 resulted in the accidental discovery of a compound that inhibits the parasites' growth much better than the former compound. This compound has a similar molecular structure to MMV008138, and the Medicines for Malaria organization (MMV) has designated it as MMV1803522. The newly obtained compound and its analogs were investigated and found to have promising potency to inhibit the growth of the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Multiple biological assays were conducted and found that even though MMV1803522 is toxic to malarial parasites, it does not show toxicity to other cells. The studies in mice showed that it was not toxic orally. Also, it was found to be non-toxic towards several mammalian cell lines. The development of structurally similar analogs can help in improving the potency of the compound, make a better orally bioavailable compound, and improve oral efficacy. Analyzing these results will help to determine the mechanism of action of the compound.
6

Controle químico de corynespora cassiicola (berk. & curt.) weir em soja / Chemical control of corynespora cassiicola (berk. & curt.) weir in soybean

Stefanelo, Maurício Silva 25 February 2014 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Soybean target spot has become important recently, once the disease has generated economic losses to soybean producer, mainly in the Midwest. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate alternatives managements on soybean target spot. Experiments were conducted in Canarana and Primavera do Leste, Mato Grosso State, in order to evaluate the effect of sowing date, cultivar and fungicide application programs on the severity of target spot. The application programs, that differed in the number of applications and timing of the first spraying, were tested on three soybean cultivars (TMG 7188 RR, TMG 132 RR, M-8766 RR) sown in two seasons (CHAPTER I). The efficiency of fungicides applied at different stages of the crop cycle (vegetative + reproductive, and just at reproductive stage) on cultivar TMG 7188 RR was also tested (Chapter II). Interaction betwen location and treatments was observed for severity of target spot and asiatic rust, as happened to yield. The severity of target spot was higher in the earlier sowing season, unlike soybean asiatic rust. Cultivars were differently susceptible to target spot, showing that choosing cultivar may be a disease management option. Fungicide application at vegetative stage only increased the control of target spot for TMG 132 RR sown in first sowing season in Primavera do Leste. The use of fungicides containing the molecule Fluxapyroxad were more efficient in target spot controlling, regardless of the number of sprays. The correct choice of fungicide, sowing season and less susceptible cultivars are factors to be considered in the management of the target spot in soybean. / A mancha alvo da soja vem ganhando importância nos últimos anos, visto que a doença tem gerado perdas econômicas ao sojicultor, principalmente na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Deste modo o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar alternativas de manejo da mancha alvo em soja. Experimentos foram conduzidos em Primavera do Leste e Canarana, Mato Grosso, com o intuito de avaliar o efeito da época de semeadura, de cultivares e programas de aplicação foliar de fungicidas sobre a severidade da mancha alvo em soja. Os programas de aplicação, que diferiram quanto ao número de aplicações e época da primeira pulverização, foram testados sobre três cultivares de soja (TMG 7188 RR, TMG 132 RR, M-8766 RR) semeadas em duas épocas (CAPÍTULO I). Também foi testada a eficiência de fungicidas aplicados em diferentes estágios da cultura (vegetativo + reprodutivo; e somente reprodutivo) na cultivar TMG 7188 RR (CAPÍTULO II). Os locais de condução dos experimentos apresentaram interação com os tratamentos para a área abaixo da curva de progresso de mancha alvo e de ferrugem asiática da soja, assim como se deu para a produtividade. A severidade de mancha alvo foi maior nas épocas de semeadura mais precoces, diferentemente do que ocorreu para ferrugem asiática da soja. As cultivares testadas apresentaram diferentes graus de suscetibilidade à mancha alvo, mostrando que a escolha da cultivar é uma opção no manejo da doença. A aplicação de fungicida no estádio vegetativo só apresentou benefício no controle de mancha alvo frente ao programa de aplicação contemplando aplicações apenas no período reprodutivo para o cultivar TMG 132 RR semeado na primeira época no município de Primavera do Leste. A utilização de fungicidas que continham a molécula Fluxapiroxade mostraram-se mais eficientes no controle da mancha alvo, independente do número de pulverizações. A escolha correta do fungicida, bem como a época de semeadura e a utilização de cultivares menos suscetíveis são fatores a serem levados em consideração no manejo da mancha alvo em soja.
7

Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Biarylpyrimidines ¿ a New Class of Ligand for Unusual Nucleic Acid Structures.

Wheelhouse, Richard T., Jenkins, Terence C., Jennings, Sharon A., Pletsas, Dimitrios January 2006 (has links)
No / Biarylpyrimidines are characterized as selective ligands for higher-order nucleic acid structures. A concise and efficient synthesis has been devised incorporating Suzuki biaryl cross-coupling of dihalopyrimidines. Two ligand series are described based on the parent thioether 4,6-bis[4-[[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]mercapto]-phenyl]pyrimidine (la) and amide 4,6-bis(4[(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)carboxamido]phenyl)pyrimidine (2a) compounds. In UV thermal denaturation studies with the poly(dA)·[poly(dT)]2 triplex structure, thioethers showed stabilization of the triplex form (¿Tm ¿ 20 °C). In contrast, amides showed duplex stabilization (¿Tm ¿ 15 °C) and either negligible stabilization or specific destabilization (¿Tm = -5 °C) of the triplex structure. Full spectra of nucleic acid binding preferences were determined by competition dialysis. The strongest interacting thioether bound preferentially to the poly(dA)·[poly(dT)]2 triplex, Kapp = 1.6 x 105 M-1 (40 x Kapp for CT DNA duplex). In contrast, the strongest binding amide selected the (T2G20T2)4 quadruplex structure, Kapp = 0.31 x 105 M-1 (6.5 x Kapp for CT DNA duplex).
8

Metagenomic and Metabolomic Approaches to Determine Contributors to Residual Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Ferrell, Marc 26 May 2023 (has links)
No description available.

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