Dans la littérature démographique, il est unanimement admis que les âges médian et moyen au premier mariage, le taux des unions libres et du célibat définitif augmentent avec le développement économique, l'élévation du niveau d'instruction et l'urbanisation. Or le Sud-Ouest du Burkina, en dépit de sa pauvreté, de son faible taux d'alphabétisation et de sa ruralité, a des indicateurs de la nuptialité comparables à ceux du Centre et des Hauts Bassins où sont localisées respectivement la capitale Ouagadougou et Bobo Dioulasso, la deuxième ville. Par conséquent, ce constat paradoxal élargit le champ de recherche sur les déterminants de la nuptialité. Dans cette optique, le processus matrimonial des ethnies de cette région qui exige une compensation matrimoniale, bien que celle-ci soit officiellement interdite au Burkina est à scruter. Dans quelle mesure la compensation matrimoniale qui est une catégorie anthropologique peut-elle déterminer un comportement démographique ? Dans l'impossibilité d'étendre l'étude à toutes les ethnies du Sud-Ouest, la recherche s'est focalisée sur les Dagara qui représentent 38% des habitants dont 40% sont chrétiens. La christianisation est un changement crucial. L'approche de la démographie compréhensive qui s'enracine dans la théorie du changement et de la réponse a été l'outil méthodologique de cette enquête. / In demographic litterature, it is unanimously accepted that the median and average ages for entering a first marriage and the rates of common-law unions and permanent celibacy increase with economic development, raised education levels and urbanization. However, the Southwest of Burkina Faso, despite its level of poverty, low literacy rate and rurality, has nuptiality indicators comparable to those of the Centre and Hauts Bassins regions where are located the capital Ouagadougou and the second largest city Bobo Dioulasso respectively. This paradoxical finding widens the research field regarding the determining factors of nuptiality. Consenquently, the matrimonial process is to be scrutinized of ethnic groups in the region, where matrimonial compensation is required even though officially prohibited in Burkina. To what extent can matrimonial compensation, which is an anthropological category, determine demographic paterns? In view of the impossibility of extending the study to all ethnic groups in the Southwest, the research is focused on the Dagara who represent 38% of inhabitants and of whom 40% are Christian. Christianity represents a crucial change. The methodological tool for this research is the comprehensive demographic approach, which is rooted in change and response theory.

This thesis explores the philosophical and theological motivations for early Christian celibacy prior to the appearance of monasticism. This thesis will challenge recent scholarly positions that portray early Christian celibacy only in light of the emergence of monasticism in the fourth century, and which argue that celibacy as an ascetic practice was motivated primarily by resistance to the dominant social structures of antiquity. The practice of celibacy was a significant movement in the early church well before the appearance of monasticism or the development of Christianity as the dominant social force in the empire, and although early Christian sexual austerity was similar to the sexual ethics of Greco-Roman philosophical constructs, early Christian sexual ethics had developed in relation to uniquely Christian theological and cosmological views. Moreover, a segment of the early Christian community idealized celibacy as an expression of the transformation of human nature amidst a community that continued to remain sexually austere in general. / vi, 267 leaves ; 29 cm.

Consecrated life or religious life as it is sometimes called within the Catholic Church is almost as old as Christianity. All baptised persons are consecrated persons by virtue of their baptism, but the consecrated life to which some people feel called, is a special and fruitful deepening of the consecration received in baptism and confirmation.. This dissertation explores Christian spirituality as it is manifested in consecrated life with relation to inculturation and religious life. The scope has been limited to a study of one congregation, the Companions of St Angela as a case study. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M.Th. (Christian Spirituality)

Dans la problématique, désormais classique, s’efforçant de comprendre la situation religieuse de la France à l’époque moderne, la question des mentalités du personnel ecclésiastique apparaît comme essentielle. En effet, les membres du clergé paroissial soudent la relation des fidèles avec l’Église et Dieu et sont astreints à respecter un idéal de perfection. Néanmoins, de nombreux hommes de Dieu sont avant tout des hommes et n’hésitent pas alors à renier leurs vœux de chasteté et de célibat, à prendre compagne et à se comporter comme de simples laïcs. Ces comportements jugés scandaleux, par les autorités ecclésiastiques, reflètent combien la réalité s’éloigne de la législation synodale, mais aussi de l’attente des paroissiens ; il est donc essentiel de déchiffrer ces actes par rapport à l’attitude définie par les autorités religieuses mais aussi d’établir des comparaisons afin de rendre compte des diverses entorses à la chasteté commises.Observer le clergé sous l’angle de sa conformité aux normes morales et judiciaires de son époque, considérer les ecclésiastiques avant tout comme des humains, des hommes capables de pulsions et de sentiments envers des êtres de chair dans une perspective à la fois diachronique et comparative, tel est l’objet de cette thèse. / In the issue, now classic, striving to understand the religious situation of France in modern times, the question of church personnel mentalities seems essential. Indeed, members of the parish clergy weld the relationship of the faithful with the Church and God and are obliged to respect an ideal of perfection. Nevertheless, many men of God are above all men and then do not hesitate to renounce their vows of chastity and celibacy, to take mate and act as mere laymen. These behaviors deemed scandalous by the ecclesiastical authorities reflect that reality departs from the synodal legislation, but also the expectation of parishioners; so it is essential to decipher these acts against the attitude defined by religious authorities but also comparisons to reflect various sprains committed to chastity. Observe the clergy in terms of its conformity to legal and judicial standards of his time, consider the ecclesiastical foremost as human, men capable of impulses and feelings toward beings of flesh from the perspective of both diachronic and comparative such is the subject of this thesis.

The presented work focuses on the topic of priests of selected Christian Churches, and their potential possibility to live in marriage. In order to view pastors comprehensively, it is essential to define who a priest is, how it is possible to become one, how to terminate this status, what the rights, duties and punishments for the priests are and what hierarchy each Church has. A historical overview of the priests' celibacy in the history of the Church and specifically in Czech history is also included in the diploma paper, as well as theology of celibacy. Roman-Catholic Church, Orthodox Church in the Czech Lands and Slovakia and Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren are selected for the purpose of this work.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Regina Soares Jurkewicz.pdf: 1451661 bytes, checksum: b0977702e320b25a948c3cfa83d86c49 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-11-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis examines sexual abuse and violence against women by priests. Using public complaints made in Brazil between 1994 and 2000 as an empirical base, it details 203 articles related to 21 cases of sexual misconduct by clergymen, including sexual abuse, rape, and the violation of vows of celibacy. These articles were grouped to create a dossier on each of the cases and numbered sequentially. Brazil´s most important media sources were consulted, including online news sites and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) across the country. Two representative cases were chosen and studied in depth. Interviews were conducted with plaintiffs, witnesses, members of the Church hierarchy, and attorneys involved in the cases, preserving the anonymity of all interviewees. Utilizing a sociological perspective, the analysis explores the mechanisms by which the Catholic Church attempts to cover up such cases. Showing the specificities of the violence perpetrated against women by priests, the study points toward the existence of structural causes of this violence and their different manifestations, examining them through the lens of feminist theory. The study suggests that a specific analytic category should be developed in order to better comprehend this particular type of violence against women. The term clerical violence is proposed for describing this type of violence, whose structural aspects include gender asymmetries, the separation between clergy and lay members, patriarchal discourse, the sexualization of ministerial relations and the force of symbolic violence. The work of Pierre Bourdieu is useful in understanding religion as a symbolic system that endows the priest with sacred power. Given that the causes of clerical violence are mainly structural, likewise, structural solutions are needed in addressing the issue / Esta tese tem por objeto, relações de abuso e violência sexual de padres contra mulheres. O campo empírico delimita-se às denúncias públicas feitas no Brasil entre os anos 1994 e 2002. Foram mapeadas 203 matérias sobre 21 casos de má conduta sexual de religiosos, abuso sexual, estupro e infração dos votos de celibato. Essas matérias foram agrupadas de modo a compor um dossiê de cada um dos casos noticiados, numerados sequencialmente. Para realizar esta pesquisa foram consultados os veículos de mídia mais significativos do país, sítios de agências de notícias e ongs atuantes em todo o território nacional. Dois casos paradigmáticos foram selecionados e estudados em profundidade. Realizou-se entrevistas com denunciantes, testemunhas, membros da hierarquia, e advogados/as envolvidos/as no caso. Preservou-se o anonimato de todos/as os/as entrevistados/as. A análise feita, desde uma perspectiva sociológica, evidencia os mecanismos existentes na Igreja Católica para o ocultamento dos casos denunciados, estuda as especificidades da violência perpetrada por padres contra mulheres e aponta as causas estruturais dessa violência. Recorrendo às teorias feministas, são abordados os fatores causais da violência contra as mulheres e suas diferentes manifestações. O contato com essa bibliografia e o tratamento dos dados sugere a necessidade da elaboração de uma categoria específica que ofereça elementos para a análise da violência praticada por autoridades eclesiásticas contra mulheres. Trabalha-se os aspectos estruturais que constituem essa categoria, denominando-a violência clerical. Tais aspectos referem-se às assimetrias de gênero, à separação entre clero e laicato, ao discurso religioso patriarcal, à sexualização das relações ministeriais e à força da violência simbólica. O pensamento de Bourdieu ajuda na compreensão da religião enquanto sistema simbólico que reveste a figura do padre de um poder sagrado. Uma vez que as causas da violência clerical são principalmente de origem estrutural, entende-se a necessidade de buscar soluções estruturais no enfrentamento da questão

My dissertation offers a new look at how women authors used popular genres to negotiate their economic, artistic, and sexual autonomy, as well as their national and imperial identities, in the context of the changes brought by modernity. As medical science and popular media attempted to delineate women’s sexual natures, Sylvia Townsend Warner, Winifred Holtby, Kate O’Brien, and Molly Keane created narratives which challenged not only psychoanalytic proscriptions about the need for sexual satisfaction, but traditional ideas about women’s inherent modesty. They absorbed, revised, and occasionally rejected outright the discourses of sexology in order to advocate a more diffuse sensuality; for these writers, adventure, travel, independence, creativity, and love between women provided satisfactions as rich as those ascribed to normative heterosexuality. I identify a history of queer sexuality in both Irish and English contexts, one which does not conform to emergent lesbian identity while still exceeding the limits of heteronormativity. / text

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-10-11T13:56:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA ARLEILMA FERREIRA DE SOUSA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGH 2014..pdf: 1901011 bytes, checksum: 3bf8bf2f4e988b7ccb6b82a50615b3e8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-11T13:56:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA ARLEILMA FERREIRA DE SOUSA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGH 2014..pdf: 1901011 bytes, checksum: 3bf8bf2f4e988b7ccb6b82a50615b3e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03 / Capes / A segunda metade do século XX foi marcada por transformações sociais e culturais muito intensas. No cenário religioso a Igreja Católica Romana promoveu um evento que revolucionou o seu posicionamento frente aos fiéis. O Concílio Vaticano II foi responsável por mudanças no catolicismo e ao seu término, causou uma crise de identidade em seu corpo clerical motivando um grande número de evasões, seminários fechados e abandono da batina. A crise dos padres fez com que a Igreja perdesse muitos homens. As motivações para a crise foram várias: perda de status, ascensão da modernidade, perseguição aos ideais comunistas, Teologia da Libertação e a maior de toda a manutenção do celibato obrigatório. Este trabalho que ora se apresenta tem como objetivo discutir o contexto dos anos de 1960 e 1970 no cenário da Igreja Católica Romana no cariri cearense buscando perceber como se deu a crise dos padres na Diocese do Crato-CE. A partir da análise do jornal A Ação buscamos analisar como a crise foi noticiada e vivenciada pela Diocese cratense além de percebermos como se deu a perseguição aos comunistas. Ao avaliar as cartas pastorais de Dom Vicente, bispo da época, percebemos suas recomendações ao seu clero durante esse momento de crise na Igreja. Os nossos interlocutores foram de extrema importância por contarmos suas experiências de vida sacerdotal. Assim, a memória foi utilizada na tentativa de resgatar um passado nem tão distante. Desta forma, como aporte teórico nos apoiou a História Cultural a partir dos conceitos de representação e identidade. / The second half of the twentieth century was marked by very intense social and cultural transformations, Religious landscape in the Roman Catholic Church promoted an event that revolutionized its position relative to the faithful. The Second Vatican Council was responsible for changes in Catholicism and at the end, caused an identity crisis in his clerical body motivating a large number of evasions, closed seminars and abandonment of his cassock. The crisis of the priests made the Church lost many men. The reasons for the crisis were many: loss of status, the rise of modernity, persecution of communist ideals, liberation theology, and most of all maintenance of mandatory celibacy. This work presented here aims to discuss the context of the 1960s and 1970s in the setting of the Roman Catholic Church in Ceará cariri trying to discern how was the crisis of priests in the Diocese of Crato - CE. From the analysis of the paper we analyze the action as the crisis was reported and experienced by cratense Diocese besides realizing how was the persecution of communists. In assessing the pastoral letters of Don Vicente, bishop of the time, we realize its recommendations to its clergy during this time of crisis in the Church. Our interlocutors were of utmost importance for count their experiences of priestly life. Thus, the memory was used in an attempt to rescue a not so distant past. Thus, as the theoretical supported in Cultural History from the concepts of representation and identity.

This work embarks on a study of the use and interpretation of the term ’<font face="symbol">egkr</font>´<font face="symbol">ateia</font> (self-control) in the principal Pauline letters. But, first of all, a study is made of the use of this term in the literature outside the New Testament. It becomes clear that ’<font face="symbol">egkr</font>´<font face="symbol">ateia</font> was a cardinal virtue closely associated with <font face="symbol">syvrosung</font> (temperance), one of the four basic Greek virtues. The emphasis fell particularly on the educated person's ability to control himself through strict self-discipline. However, this idea of self-control is alien to the tradition of the Old Testament. Only through the Hellenised Wisdom literature it became part of the Judaism of Paul's time. Through an exegetical analysis of Paul's use of the modes of the term ’<font face="symbol">egkr</font>´<font face="symbol">ateia</font>; in 1 Corinthians 7:5, 9 and 9:25, as well as in Galatians 5:23; it becomes clear that to him ’<font face="symbol">egkr</font>´<font face="symbol">ateia</font> was part of the love with which believers served one another, within the freedom to which Christ has called them. It was the result of divine empowerment and control, because it was part of the fruit of the Holy Spirit. Although Paul also utilised the term as a virtue, to him it was not primarily characteristic of a person, but rather characterised the restrained and sacrificial managing of rights and privileges in relationships within the faith community. His own style of apostleship was a good example, because he willingly gave up his right to receive recompense for preaching the gospel. He illustrated this behaviour with the metaphor of an athlete's willingness to disregard certain rights with the eye on his goal. Believers should similarly be charitable towards one another. Nevertheless, regarding the control of sexual desires, Paul went a little further in his use of ’<font face="symbol">egkr</font>´<font face="symbol">ateia</font>. Although he did not denounce matrimony, it was his opinion that a distinctly demarcated group of believers received the gift to easily control their sexual desires. He advised them to stay celibate in order to devote themselves even more to God's service. Comparing Paul's utilisation of ’<font face="symbol">egkr</font>´<font face="symbol">ateia</font> with the use of writers outside the New Testament, confirms his creative harnessing of concepts from the cultures in his environment. But it was not the classical or Hellenistic interpretation of ’<font face="symbol">egkr</font>´<font face="symbol">ateia</font> that influenced him. The Hellenised Judaism of the Septuagint formed Paul's concept of ’<font face="symbol">egkr</font>´<font face="symbol">ateia</font>. Nevertheless, his utilisation of the term was innovative original: by angling the Christian view away from the Hellenistic self-centredness, and focusing it on a loving and altruistic managing of rights and liberties, he thoroughly christianised the term. A study of the church's understanding of Paul reveals that his use of ’<font face="symbol">egkr</font>´<font face="symbol">ateia</font> was mostly misunderstood. Again the term was understood and utilised as depicting the virtue of self-discipline in the classical and Hellenistic sense of the word. This, in turn, led to widespread incidence of asceticism and celibacy in the church. Even some views that lay behind modern day legalism and pietistic tendencies, originated from this understanding by the church of ’<font face="symbol">egkr</font>´<font face="symbol">ateia</font> . / Dissertation (PhD (New Testament Science))--University of Pretoria, 2004. / New Testament Studies / unrestricted