No description available.

A sociedade carioca enfrenta diuturnamente cenários variados entre catástrofes e emergências, nos quais o profissional bombeiro militar assume a responsabilidade funcional pelo resgate das vítimas, enfrentando situações inesperadas e riscos diversos. Portanto, esta pesquisa investigou as representações sociais dos bombeiros militares da metrópole do Rio de Janeiro, com a finalidade de compreender o pensamento de bombeiros militares acerca das emergências intencionais - aquelas onde as vítimas demonstram a intenção (ou assumiram o risco) de provocar o resultado calamitoso. E emergências não intencionais, aquelas onde as vítimas não evidenciam a intenção de produzir o acidente. A amostra foi composta por 150 bombeiros oriundos de 05 unidades operacionais distintas, localizadas no Centro, Barra da Tijuca, Copacabana, Catete e Botafogo, que responderam a um questionário sobre seus pensamentos em relação a diferentes tipos de emergências. Observou-se que os bombeiros avaliam as vítimas de emergências intencionais mais negativamente do que as vítimas de emergências não intencionais, o que interfere em seus julgamentos sobre a atribuição de culpa à vítima, tempo de resposta do socorro e qualidade do atendimento prestado. / The company faces daily will carioca scenarios varied between disasters and emergencies, in which the professional military firefighter assume functional responsibility for rescuing the victims, facing unexpected situations and various risks. Therefore, this research investigates the social representations of military firefighters of the metropolis of Rio de Janeiro, in order to understand the thinking of military firefighters intentional about emergencies - those where victims show the intention (or assumed the risk) to cause the result calamitous. And emergencies unintentional ones where the victims did not show the intention to produce the accident. The sample was comprised of 150 firefighters from 05 units operating in distinct, located in downtown, Barra da Tijuca, Copacabana, Botafogo and Catete, who answered a questionnaire about their thoughts regarding the different types of emergencies. It was observed that firefighters assess the unintended victims of emergencies more negatively than the unintended victims of emergencies, which interferes in their judgments about assigning blame to the victim, the rescue response time and service quality.

A sociedade carioca enfrenta diuturnamente cenários variados entre catástrofes e emergências, nos quais o profissional bombeiro militar assume a responsabilidade funcional pelo resgate das vítimas, enfrentando situações inesperadas e riscos diversos. Portanto, esta pesquisa investigou as representações sociais dos bombeiros militares da metrópole do Rio de Janeiro, com a finalidade de compreender o pensamento de bombeiros militares acerca das emergências intencionais - aquelas onde as vítimas demonstram a intenção (ou assumiram o risco) de provocar o resultado calamitoso. E emergências não intencionais, aquelas onde as vítimas não evidenciam a intenção de produzir o acidente. A amostra foi composta por 150 bombeiros oriundos de 05 unidades operacionais distintas, localizadas no Centro, Barra da Tijuca, Copacabana, Catete e Botafogo, que responderam a um questionário sobre seus pensamentos em relação a diferentes tipos de emergências. Observou-se que os bombeiros avaliam as vítimas de emergências intencionais mais negativamente do que as vítimas de emergências não intencionais, o que interfere em seus julgamentos sobre a atribuição de culpa à vítima, tempo de resposta do socorro e qualidade do atendimento prestado. / The company faces daily will carioca scenarios varied between disasters and emergencies, in which the professional military firefighter assume functional responsibility for rescuing the victims, facing unexpected situations and various risks. Therefore, this research investigates the social representations of military firefighters of the metropolis of Rio de Janeiro, in order to understand the thinking of military firefighters intentional about emergencies - those where victims show the intention (or assumed the risk) to cause the result calamitous. And emergencies unintentional ones where the victims did not show the intention to produce the accident. The sample was comprised of 150 firefighters from 05 units operating in distinct, located in downtown, Barra da Tijuca, Copacabana, Botafogo and Catete, who answered a questionnaire about their thoughts regarding the different types of emergencies. It was observed that firefighters assess the unintended victims of emergencies more negatively than the unintended victims of emergencies, which interferes in their judgments about assigning blame to the victim, the rescue response time and service quality.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TarcimariaRLGS.pdf: 360046 bytes, checksum: 6fbbfa3358f3331f4b9dbc50b0ed2e35 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-20 / Demand for access to higher education to put in test the education Brazilian system in view of the surplus of selective processes of public universities, people without option to pay their studies at this education level. In this context, it has arisen the University for All(Universidade para Todos)Program, the ProUni, from Ministry of Education - MEC, created by the Federal Government in 2004, and that it aims the granting of full and partial scholarships in private higher education institutions, graduate courses in sequential specific training, low-income Brazilians students who do not have higher-level degree. Created by the Provisional Measure No 213/2004 and institutionalized by Law No. 11096 of January 13, 2005, the ProUni offers, however, the exemption of some taxes to those institutions that join the program. This is one of the privileged time for the study of Social Representations by offering the researcher, a living laboratory, natural environment, the confrontation between the established and new. In time like this people are challenged to incorporate the new system to the pre-existing one, aiming it through a strangeness of what was so familiar. It is through this game of social forces that we developed the present study with 196 entering higher education, of these are 116 of selective vestibular system and 80 of the ProUni selective system. We opt by the procedures for data collection in order to have access to the circulating senses, in addition to the streamlined responses. With foundation in Abric, we perform the test the Free Association of Words, then analysed by the software and by EVOC Content of the type theme as Bardin. Besides, we require of the subjects, a writing on the study object university later analysed by the software ALCESTE. The results point out to a representation strongly rooted in social factors such as more traditional socio-cultural elements: the beliefs, values, the symbols. It is unique in both groups of subjects: among those entering by the selective ProUni system, there was a stronger anchor in that it does not make inquiries about the program. At the same time, there is a stronger presence of objectivation, entering the selective vestibular system in order that they explained with a value judgement on the programme. It is suggested further studies considering the embryonic state of social representation, as recent as the social purpose that triggered. It would be relevant even the replication of the same research with other people in order to strengthen the power of the theorising of empiria available / A demanda por acesso ao n?vel superior de ensino colocou em xeque o sistema brasileiro de educa??o tendo em vista os excedentes dos processos seletivos das universidades p?blicas, pessoas sem op??o de remunerar seus estudos nesse n?vel de ensino. Nesse contexto surge o Programa Universidade para Todos, o ProUni, do Minist?rio da Educa??o - MEC, criado pelo Governo Federal no ano de 2004, e que tem como finalidade a concess?o de bolsas de estudo integrais e parciais em institui??es de educa??o superior privadas, em cursos de gradua??o e seq?enciais de forma??o espec?fica, a estudantes brasileiros e de baixa renda que n?o possuem diploma de n?vel superior. Criado pela Medida Provis?ria n? 213/2004 e institucionalizado pela Lei n? 11.096, de 13 de janeiro de 2005, o ProUni oferece, em contrapartida, a isen??o de alguns tributos ?quelas institui??es que aderirem ao programa. Este ? um dos momentos privilegiados para o estudo das Representa??es Sociais, por oferecer ao pesquisador, um laborat?rio vivo, ambiente natural, de confronto entre o institu?do e a novidade. Em momento como este as pessoas s?o desafiadas a incorporar a novidade ao sistema pr?-existente, objetivando-o atrav?s de um estranhamento daquilo que era t?o familiar. ? nesse jogo de for?as sociais que desenvolvemos o presente estudo com 196 ingressantes no ensino superior sendo 116 do sistema seletivo vestibular e 80 do sistema seletivo ProUni. Optamos pelos procedimentos associativos de coleta de dados a fim de ter acesso aos sentidos circulantes, para al?m das respostas racionalizadas. Com fundamento em Abric, realizamos o teste de Associa??o Livre de Palavras, em seguida analisado pelo software EVOC e por An?lise de Conte?do do tipo tem?tica conforme Bardin. Solicitamos tamb?m, dos sujeitos, uma reda??o sobre o objeto de estudo universidade posteriormente analisada pelo software ALCESTE. Os resultados apontam para uma representa??o social fortemente enraizada em elementos como os elementos s?cio-culturais mais tradicionais: as cren?as, os valores, os s?mbolos. Constata-se singularidade nos dois grupos de sujeitos: entre aqueles ingressantes pelo sistema seletivo do ProUni verificou-se uma ancoragem mais forte na medida em que n?o fazem questionamentos sobre o programa. Ao mesmo tempo observa-se a presen?a mais forte da objetiva??o, entre os ingressantes pelo sistema seletivo vestibular, tendo em vista que eles explicitaram ju?zo de valor sobre o referido programa. Sugere-se novos estudos considerando o estado embrion?rio desta representa??o social, t?o recente quanto o objeto social que a desencadeou. Seria relevante ainda a replica??o da mesma pesquisa com outras popula??es a fim de fortalecer o poder de teoriza??o da empiria dispon?vel

Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse s'intéressent aux liens existant entre la théorie des représentations sociales (RS) et celle de l'identité sociale (TIS). Malgré la littérature sur la théorie des représentations sociales et celle de l'identité sociale peu de recherches ont permis de mettre en évidence les liens, de ces deux champs théoriques constitutifs de la psychologie sociale. Les objectifs de cette thèse consistent d'une part à étudier le rôle des processus identitaires dans la construction des représentations sociales, et, d'autre part, à estimer l'importance du rôle des représentations sociales dans la dynamique du groupe et les relations intergroupes.On se propose d'éprouver l'hypothèse qui postule que les éléments centraux d'une représentation sociale sont constitutifs de l'identité sociale des membres du groupe. Doise (1999) définit l'identité comme un principe qui gère les relations intergroupes et qui pour cela utilise le vecteur des représentations sociales. L'approche structurale elle pose que les représentations sociales fonctionnent comme des structures sociocognitives régulées par complémentarité de deux systèmes:les cognitions centrales et les cognitions périphériques. Au travers TIS, et des différents processus sociocognitifs relatifs à cette dernière, on se propose de manipuler expérimentalement les différents processus constitutifs de l'identité d'un groupe au travers du prisme des représentations sociales. Autrement dit, nous nous intéressons à l'effet de la manipulation des éléments centraux dans le cas, notamment, du processus de comparaison sociale, des normes sociales ainsi que de l'effet brebis galeuse. / This thesis refers to the existing links between the social representation (SR) theory and the social identity (TSI) theory. Little research work has highlighted the contribution between these two theories and showed the reciprocal provisions of these two and constituting theoretical fields of social psychology. This thesis consist in supporting a correlation between the role of self-defining processes in the building of SR on one hand, and the importance of SR on the dynamics of the group and of the intergroup relations on the other hand. In this frame the purpose is to test the hypothesis that the central elements of a social representation are constituting of the social identity of the members of the group. Doise (1999) defines identity as a principle which manages intergroup relations and therefore uses the vector of SR.However,the structural approach puts down that social representations work as social cognitive structures regulated by the complementarity of two systems: central and peripheral cognitions.The individuals have a full knowledge to belong to a definite social group with a framework of reference,common representations. Thus,through the theory of TSI and through the various socio-cognitive processes related,this research is to handle in experiments of the various processes constitutive of the group identity through the prism of SR.In the effect of handling the central elements in the case, in particular,of the process of social comparison, the social norms as well as the black sheep effect. According to any logic resulting from the central core theory, the handling of central elements of a SR should not unbalance the identity of the group. / Os trabalhos apresentado desta tese se interessam às relações existentes entre a teoria das representações sociais (RS) e a da identidade social (TIS). Apesar da abundante literatura sobre a teoria das representações sociais e sobre a da identidade social, poucas pesquisas realçam as relações, bem como as contribuições recíprocas destes dois campos teóricos constitutivos da psicologia social. Os objectivos científicos desta tese suportam a interação entre, por um lado, o papel dos processos identitários na construção das representações sociais, e por outro, a importância das representações sociais na dinâmica do grupo e nas relações intergrupais. Neste sentido, através de diferentes experimentos, propomos testar a hipótese de que os elementos centrais de uma representação social são constitutivos da identidade social dos membros de um grupo. Doise (1999) define a identidade como um princípio gerador das relações intergrupais e que, para isto, utiliza o vector das representações sociais. A abordagem estrutural, por sua vez, propõe que as representações sociais funcionam como estruturas cognitivas reguladas pela complementaridade de dois sistemas: o das cognições centrais (caracterizado por seus aspectos consensuais que asseguram a perenidade da RS) e as cognições periféricas (submetidas às variações interindividuais). Os indivíduos têm plena consciência de pertencer à um grupo social definido, com um quadro de referência e representações comuns. Desta forma, a partir da teoria da identidade social (TIS) e dos diferentes processos sociocognitivos à ela relacionados, propomos manipular experimentalmente os diferentes processos constitutivos da identidade de um grupo partindo do prisma das representações sociais. Ou seja, nos interessamos aos efeitos da manipulação dos elementos centrais sobre, nomeadamente, os processos de comparação social, as normas sociais, e o efeito ovelha negra. De acordo com a lógica da teoria do núcleo central, a manipulação dos elementos centrais de uma representação não deveria desequilibrar a identidade grupal.

Les ions Ca2+ responsables de la contraction musculaire sont extrudés du réticulum sarcoplasmique (RS) via le récepteur de la ryanodine de type 1 (RyR1). Des mutations du gène de RyR1 sont responsables chez l’homme de l’hyperthermie maligne (HM) et de la myopathie à cores centraux (MCC). Nous avons caractérisé les altérations de l’efflux calcique du RS dues à de telles mutations dans la fibre musculaire de souris par électrophysiologie et imagerie confocale. L’expression des formes Y523S, R615C et R2163H de RyR1, associées à l’HM, provoque une hypersensibilité de l’efflux vis-à-vis du potentiel membranaire alors que les formes I4897T et G4896V associées à la MCC provoquent une réduction chronique de l’efflux sans modification de densité des RyR1 s ainsi que des protéines Cav1.1 et SERCA1. L’expression de la forme R4892W associée à la MCC ne modifie pas l’efflux calcique suggérant une plus faible pénétrance fonctionnelle de cette forme. Dans tous les cas, aucune indication de changement du contenu en calcium RS n’a été observée. Les résultats suggèrent que les modifications pathologiques de l’efflux calcique sont la conséquence directe de l’altération de fonction des canaux. Le deuxième objectif du travail s’est intéressé au rôle de certains phosphoinositides (PtdInsPs) dans la régulation de l’efflux calcique du RS. La surexpression de la PtdInsPs-phosphatase Mtm 1 n’a aucun effet sur l’efflux calcique alors que l’application intracellulaire de ses deux principaux substrats inhibe l’efflux, suggérant que leur accumulation dans les fibres musculaires déficientes en Mtm1 pourrait contribuer aux altérations pathologiques associées du couplage excitation-contraction / Ca2+ ions that trigger muscle contraction are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) through the type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1) channel. Mutations of the gene encoding RyR1 are responsible for malignant hyperthermia (MH) and central core disease (CCD) in human. We characterized the alterations of SR Ca2+ release due to such mutations in mouse fibers using electrophysiology and confocal imaging. Expression of each of the MH-associated Y523S, R615C and R2163H mutant forms of RyR1 increases the sensitivity of Ca2+ release to membrane potential whereas forms I4897T and G4896V that are associated to CCD provoke a chronic depression of Ca2+ release with no concurrent alteration of RyR1, Cav1.1 and SERCA1 density. Expression of the CDD-associated R4892W form of RyR1 has no effect on Ca2+ release suggesting a weaker functional penetrance of this mutant form. In all cases we found no indication for a change in SR calcium content. Results suggest that pathological changes in Ca2+ release are the direct consequence of the functional alteration of the channels. The second goal of this work focused on the role of certain phosphoinositides (PtdInsPs) in the control of SR Ca2+ release. Over-expression of the PtdInsPs-phosphatase Mtm 1 does not affect Ca2+ release whereas intracellular application of its two main substrates inhibits Ca2+ release, suggesting that accumulation of these molecules in Mtm 1-deficient fibers could contribute to the associated alterations of excitation-contraction coupling

La marque n’est plus seulement un signe distinctif, elle est devenue un actif incorporel dont la valeur peut dépasser largement celle de tous les autres actifs réunis d’une entreprise. Le secteur des services financiers tunisien a connu plusieurs opérations de fusions-acquisitions. Ces opérations ont donné l’occasion aux entreprises du secteur de changer de noms et de choisir entre un nouveau nom ou maintenir l’ancien ou préserver les noms des entreprises alliées (co-branding). Le but de ce travail est d’étudier l’impact de cette stratégie de co-branding sur l’attitude des consommateurs (aspect affectif, conatif mais surtout cognitif). La marque-entreprise a été considérée dans cette recherche comme étant une représentation sociale. Afin de comprendre l’effet de la stratégie de co-branding sur l’image de marque il s’agit dès lors d’évaluer l’évolution du noyau central et du système périphérique de cette représentation. / The trademark is no longer considered as a distinctive sign, rather; it has become an intangible asset whose value can far exceed that of all other combined assets of a company. The Tunisian financial services sector has experienced several processes of mergers and acquisitions. These operations have provided an opportunity for companies in the sector to change names and to choose a new name, to maintain the old one or to keep the names of the allied companies (co-branding). The aim of this work is to study the impact of this strategy of co-branding on consumer attitudes (affective, conative and especially cognitive). The brand company in this research was considered as a social representation. In order to understand the impact of the strategy of co-branding on the brand image, it comes to assess the evolution of the central core and the peripheral system of this representation.

Cette recherche vise à analyser et à comprendre le rapport qu’entretient le professeur des écoles en formation initiale avec son futur métier. En prenant appui sur la théorie structurale des représentations sociales l’objectif principal de cette recherche consiste à étudier des populations d’étudiants inscrits en 1ère année de Master MEEF (début de la formation initiale) d’une part et en 2ème année (fin de la formation initiale) d’autre part quant à leurs représentations sociales du métier auquel ils se destinent. Il convient de penser que les connaissances produites par l’analyse de ces représentations et de leur évolution au cours de la formation initiale peuvent permettre de comprendre les fondements des systèmes de pensée et d’action des professeurs des écoles qui entrent dans le métier. Cette recherche prend appui sur une pluri-méthodologie qui fait appel à deux principaux outils de recueil de données : l’entretien et le questionnaire. Les résultats obtenus montrent qu’il existe bien une représentation sociale de l’objet « métier de professeur des écoles » chez les étudiants en début de formation initiale d’une part et chez les étudiants en fin de parcours d’autre part. Ces RS font apparaître, entre les deux populations concernées, des points communs et des différences quant à leurs contenus et leurs structures. La mise en évidence d’un véritable processus de transformation de la représentation sociale du métier au cours de la formation initiale chez les sujets tend à affirmer l’existence d’une évolution de la conception du métier en termes de professionnalisation. / This study aims at analysing and understanding the relationship which the primary school teacher in initial formation, maintains with their future job. Taking support on the structural theory of the social representations, the main objective of this study consists in studying groups of students registered in 1st year of a MEEF Master’s degree (at the beginning of their initial formation) on one hand, and in 2nd year (at the end of their initial formation) on the other hand, as for their social representations of the job for which they intend themselves. It is advisable to think that the knowledge produced by the analysis of these representations and their evolution during the initial formation can allow to understand the foundations of the systems of thought and action of primary school teachers who enter the job.This study relies on a multi-methodology which exploits two main tools of data collection : the interview and the questionnaire. The results show there certainly is a social representation of the object “primary school teacher job” for students at the beginning of their initial formation on one hand and for students at the end of the formation on the other hand. These social representations show, for the two study groups, common points and differences as for their contents and their structures. The highlighting of a real transformation process of the social representation of the job during the initial formation, for the study population, tends to assert the existence of an evolution of the conception of the job in terms of professionalization.