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Idag måste företag genomgå förändringar för att fortsätta utvecklas på en konkurrensutsatt marknad och uppnå nya målsättningar. Det är också viktigt för företag att involvera sina medarbetare till förändringsarbeten för att uppnå engagemang och undvika reaktioner i form av motstånd.Studiens syfte är att utifrån tre stora reklambyråer i Sverige undersöka hur man leder ett förändringsarbete och hur deras medarbetare involveras och engageras till förändringsinitiativen. Syftet med studien är också att se hur deras medarbetare påverkas och reagerar på förändringsarbeten och om det är vanligt att det uppstår motstånd eller andra attityder inom reklambranschen. Utifrån en kvalitativ studie har det samlats in textmaterial från intervjuer, observationer, böcker, artiklar och webbplatser. Uppsatsen har också utgått från ett kvantitativt perspektiv, där ett urval av medarbetare på respektive byrå har fått besvara en webbbaserad enkät.Resultatet visar på att reklambyråerna skiljer sig åt och använder olika verktyg, strategier och arbetsmetoder för att leda sina förändringsarbeten och samt motivera och engagera sina medarbetare till förändringsinitiativen. Resultatet visar också att medarbetarna påverkas och reagerar på olika sätt i samband med förändringsarbeten. Resultatet visar även på att där finns tydliga kopplingar till teorin om vad som är betydelsefullt för att reklambyråerna ska uppnå ett framgångsrikt förändringsarbete. / Today on a competitive market, companies and organizations needs to undergo changes in order to continue to develop and achieve new goals. It is also important to involve their employees in order to achieve their commitment and avoid reactions in the form of resistance and other attitudes. Purpose of the study is to examine how to lead Change management in three major advertising agencies in Sweden and how their employees are involved and engaged to change initiatives.The purpose of the study is also to examine how their employees are affected and reacts to Change Management and aslo see if it can develop resistance or other attitudes in the advertising industry among the employees.Based on a qualitative study textual material has been collected through interviews, observations, books, articles and websites. The paper is also based on a quantitative study where a selection of employees at each office has asked to complete an online survey. The result shows that advertising agencies are different and use different tools, strategies and business practices to lead their change management and as well as motivate and engage their employees for change initiatives. The results also shows that the employees is affected and reacts in different ways in the context of change management. The results also shows that there are some connections to the theory of what is important for the agencies to achieve successful Change Management.

Byggsektorn står för en stor del av landets bruttonationalprodukt dock finns det indikationer som påvisar att denna sektor lider av effektivitetsproblem i form av höga byggkostnader och bristande innovation och nytänkande. Till följd av stigande byggkostnader och en stagnerande produktivitetsutvecklingen i branschen finns det ett behov av ett effektivare byggande. Det innebär att produktionsprocessen behöver kunna fortgå utan friktion och för att möjliggöra detta krävs det att det sker en optimering samt förkortning av ledtiderna i samtliga led av produktionskedjan. För att utveckla arbetsmetoder och arbetstänk som gör detta genomförbart krävs det att företaget skapar förutsättningar som leder till att en sådan förändring kan uppfyllas. Genom förändringsledning kan företaget på ett strukturerat sätt leda och styra medarbetarna i en viss riktning för att nå det önskvärda läget. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att studera och analysera mellanchefens roll vid en tilltänkt förändring inom byggproduktion. Målsättningen är att kasta ljus över de incitament och verktyg som behövs för att driva mellanchefer vid ett förändringsarbete samt de redskap och medel de behöver för att kunna skapa motivation och engagemang hos sina medarbetare. Studien kommer att avgränsas till att endast studera mellanchefernas roll vid en planerad förändring.  Arbetet har genomförts i form av en kvalitativ fallstudie med empiriskt material som har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med individer hos ett byggfallföretag. Resultatet påvisade ett flertal faktorer som bedöms påverka mellanchefens roll vid en planerad förändring i byggbranschen såsom företagets kultur, ledarskapsförmågan, kommunikation- och informationshanteringen samt förståelsen för förändringen. För att mellancheferna ska kunna driva ett framgångsrikt förändringsarbete krävs det att företaget aktivt arbetar med att utveckla de tidigare nämnda faktorerna för att mellancheferna ska besitta rätt kunskap och kompetens. / The construction sector accounts for a large part of the country's gross domestic product, but there are indications that this sector suffers from efficiency problems in terms of high construction costs and a lack of innovation and new thinking. Due to rising construction costs and a stagnant productivity development in the industry, there is a need for more efficient construction. This means that the production process needs to be able to continue without friction and to make this possible, it is necessary that there is an optimization and shortening of the lead times in all stages of the production chain. In order to develop working methods and work ideas that make this feasible, it is required that the company creates the conditions that lead to such a change being fulfilled. Through change management, the company can in a structured way lead and steer employees in a certain direction to reach the desired situation. The purpose of this degree project is to study and analyze the role of the middle manager in the event of an intended change in construction production. The goal is to shed light on the incentives and tools needed to drive middle managers in a change as well as the tools and means they need to be able to create motivation and commitment among their employees. The study will be limited to studying the role of middle managers in the event of a planned change. The work has been carried out in terms of a qualitative case study with empirical material that has been collected through semi-structured interviews with individuals at a construction case company. The results showed a number of factors that are judged to influence the middle manager's role in a planned change in the construction industry, such as the company's culture, leadership skills, communication and information management and the understanding of the change. In order for the middle managers to be able to drive successful change, it is required that the company actively works to develop the previously mentioned factors in order for the middle managers to possess the right knowledge and competence.

Purpose - In order to capture the implications of remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted in-depth interviews with 8 middle level managers employed at a Large Enterprise based in Sweden.  Problem - The influence of the middle managers on change management initiatives is prominent. We conducted this research regarding remote working during the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to understand the managerial perspective on the phenomenon.  Method - We have adopted a qualitative research method and utilized social constructivism for the analysis of the interviews. We applied the theories of change management and dynamic managerial capabilities to the empirical data that we collected through in-depth interviews.  Results - The results of the analysis include the middle management perspective on change management, in our case; the impact of switching to remote working during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research has provided us with their subjective perspective on remote work, as well as related issues regarding organizational changes in general. Conclusion - Finally, we reflect on the perspectives that we gained through the interviews and discuss the limitations of this thesis, as well as further research possibilities.

yes / Cost reduction through the use of technology has become the competitive strength of companies. The benefits of computer integration are quite credible and have been effective in beating the competition. This paper describes a manufacturing strategy for the implementation of lean systems and the development of an integrated CADCAM system in a Small Medium Manufacturing Enterprise (SMME). Using an end-to-end CADCAM system, organisational change paradigm, and lean philosophy of “minimum effort maximum output”—a system with extensive and completely integrated suite of tools for concurrent engineering, product life cycle engineering, PDM collaboration, and manufacturing planning was developed with the objective of creating a more responsive and interactive manufacturing environment.

This research project investigates individuals' resistance to change brought about by new information technology implementation in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. By understanding how individual participants resist and adapt to change, their resistance can be better accommodated by the organization in the adoption of new information technology within the AEC industry. This enables researchers and practitioners to understand how new technologies should be introduced within organizations. A social architecture factor model associated with impeding/promoting use of information technologies was created based on a literature review of change management theory on resistance to change and attitude-behavior connections. In Phase I of the research, the personality traits and behavioral characteristics individuals included in the original model were reduced to a smaller number of variables indicative of resistance to information technology change. A revised social architecture factor model was created after this reduction. The variable reduction and revised model were based on data collected from a 50-person sample of the AEC population. At the conclusion of Phase I, a Resistance to Change Index (RTCI) was created, enabling estimations of the intensity of resistance an individual is likely to exhibit using the personality traits and behavioral characteristics kept in the revised social architecture factor model. Phase II of the research investigated relationships between the RTCI and demographics of the individual using a 156-person sample of the AEC population. This phase of the research determined whether different demographic groups within the AEC population exhibited differences in their RTCI. The data analysis found several demographic groups that were different in their likelihood of resistance, including profession, gender, computer understanding and experience, and awareness of past or future changes occurring in their company. Age and education level were expected to have relationships with RTCI, based on industry stereotypes. The data analysis found that these stereotypes have no scientific basis. Two other stereotypes, gender and computer understanding and experience, were supported by the data analysis, however. / Ph. D.

Yes / While few recent studies have paid attention to the relationship between organizational culture (OC) and individual readiness for change (IRFC), there is still a lack of systematic and empirical studies regarding the influence of all OC types on the IRFC components within the change management literature. This study aims to fill this gap in the literature by empirically examining the influence of all four organizational culture types of the competing values framework (CVF) on the components of IRFC regarding TQM implementation, within the context of manufacturing organizations operating in Syria. A total of four hypotheses were proposed for testing. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to 350 Syrian manufacturing organizations (SMOs) in order to measure the level of IRFC and to identify the cultural profiles and characteristics of these organizations. The analysis of the data collected shows that certain types of organizational culture are conducive to fostering IRFC. In particular, the findings of an empirical investigation revealed that group culture and adhocracy culture are the most supportive culture types for IRFC. This paper contributes to the existing literature of change management by providing empirical evidence leading to advancement of knowledge and the understanding of the relationship between OC types and IRFC components. Furthermore, the paper adds value via its contextual originality; being the first study that empirically examined the Syrian cultural context, and hence contributing to the scarce body of literature of both OC and IRFC, and in particular the developing countries.

No / This paper describes an institutional strategy (Ecoversity) to embed sustainable development across the full range of university activities and services and reflects on two different phases of Ecoversity providing illustrations and case examples of specific actions and changes that have occurred. The programme has begun to deliver tangible benefits to the institution and has begun to act as a catalyst for, and link up with other, internal initiatives that are seeking to reshape the university culture and core activities around sustainable development. The paper reflects on the process of change and describes a process model that captures many of the key elements that needed to be addressed to initiate change and scale up activities. The process model is helpful in analysing barriers to change and how change can be achieved. The project illustrates a conscious and deliberate process for embedding SD within a university culture and offers a coherent conceptual framework for describing change

In this thesis, we present a framework for managing changes in service oriented enterprises (SOEs). A service oriented enterprise outsources and composes its functionality from third-party Web service providers. We focus on changes initiated or triggered by these member Web services. We present a taxonomy of changes that occur in service oriented enterprises. We use a combination of several types of Petri nets to model the triggering changes and ensuing reactive changes. The techniques presented in our thesis are implemented in WebBIS, a prototype for composing and managing e-business Web services. Finally, we conduct an extensive simulation study to prove the feasibility of the proposed techniques. / Master of Science