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31	Beyond the dichotomies of a coercion and voluntary recruitment, Afghan unaccompanied minors unveil their recruitment process in Iran Ali, Rami January 2018 (has links) By shedding light on accounts from unaccompanied Afghan asylum-seeking minors in Sweden who were child soldiers in Syria, this thesis explores and examines their narratives and their involvement in the civil war in Syria. The research aims to create a deeper understanding of how these children themselves made sense of their participation in the war by answering the following questions: How were the children approached by the recruiters? What kind of reasons for joining the war are put forward by the recruiters and what strategies do the children encounter: a) economic; b) identity formation; c) social deprivation; d) feeling of vulnerability; e) militarization; f) mental development; g) ideology/ religious-sectarian; or all together? How do the children perceive these encounters and make sense of their recruitment to the Shiite Fatemiyoun Brigade? To which extent has the ideology of Shi’ism played an important role for them in joining the Syrian War? This is a qualitative study based on in-depth interviews which combines procedures from two approaches and techniques: an ethnographic approach and a narrative approach that explores the interviewees’ experiences in a period of time and also generates detailed insights. Despite the fact that none of the respondents testified for being recruited at gunpoint or having been ill-treated, the respondents emphasized that they were forced to join due to the bad circumstances they were living in. In addition, many similarities with other cases regarding child soldiering in several countries have been explored in this thesis, for instance factors related to the socio- economic context and the experiences that are related to the children’s development processes. Differences can be located in various details regarding ideologies and indoctrination since the respondents did not share the politico-religious purposes of the recruiters. Child soldier Syria Iran Afghanistan Sweden Refugee asylum seeker War coercion voluntary recruitment Shia Shiite Fatemiyoun Brigade Migration Hazara Socio-economic injustice Minors Barnsoldat Syrien Iran Afghanistan Sverige Flykting asylsökande Krig tvång frivillig rekrytering Shia Shiite Fatemiyoun Brigad Migrationsverket Hazara Socioekonomisk orättvisa minderåriga Ensamkommande Other Humanities not elsewhere specified Övrig annan humaniora Cultural Studies Kulturstudier Philosophy Filosofi
32	Entre violence et resistance : la réinsertion de la femme africaine subsaharienne dans l'histoire / Between violence and resistance : the reintegration of the Sub-saharan African woman in History / Entre violencia y resistencia : la reintegración de la mujer africana subsahariana a la Historia Martinez, Kamir 12 January 2018 (has links) Se situant dans l’histoire immédiate, la littérature africaine contemporaine participe de la dénonciation de la violence des régimes postcoloniaux et des guerres civiles. Ce sont des nouvelles formes d’écriture caractérisées à la fois par l’urgence et par l’intention de s’éloigner des formes européennes, donnant lieu à une expression universelle et à la revendication du roman comme œuvre d’art. Cette contribution se propose, à partir de neufs romans francophones, anglophones et hispanophones publiés entre 1990 et 2000, d’explorer et d’analyser la réinsertion de la femme africaine subsaharienne dans les archives officielles. À travers des témoignages fictionnels inspirés des faits réels et des histoires relevant de la sphère privée, ces auteur(e)s créent un nouvel imaginaire sur la femme africaine évoluant entre violence et résistance. Par une approche interdisciplinaire, nous tenterons d’identifier les images de la femme dans ces romans, ainsi que les moyens stylistiques et langagiers dans le processus de la réinterprétation des archives et de la réinsertion de la femme africaine subsaharienne dans l’Histoire. / In relation to the immediate history, contemporary African literature contributes to the denunciation of the violence of postcolonial regimes and civil wars. These new forms of writing are characterized both by the urgency and by the intention to move away from European forms, giving rise to a universalizing writing and the claim of the novel as a work of art. This contribution is proposed, from nine Francophone, Anglophone and Hispanophone novels published between 1990 and 2000, to explore and analyse the reintegration of Sub-Saharan African women in the official archives. Through fictional testimonies inspired by real facts and stories of the private sphere, these authors create a new imagination about African women evolving between violence and resistance. Through an interdisciplinary approach, we will try to identify the images of the woman in these novels, as well as the stylistic and linguistic means in the process of the reinterpretation of the archives and the reintegration of the African Sub-Saharan woman in history. / En relación a la historia inmediata, la literatura africana contemporánea contribuye a la denuncia de la violencia de los regímenes poscoloniales y de las guerras civiles. Estas nuevas formas de escritura se caracterizan tanto por la urgencia de escribir como por la intención de alejarse de las formas de expresión europeas, dando lugar a una escritura universal y a la reivindicación de la novela como obra de arte. Esta contribución se propone de explorar y analizar la reintegración de las mujeres africanas subsaharianas a los archivos oficiales, a partir de nueve novelas de expresión francesa, inglesa y española, publicadas entre 1990 y 2000. A través de testimonios ficticios inspirados por hechos reales e historias de la vida privada, estos autores y autoras crean una nueva imagen de las mujeres africanas desenvolviéndose entre la violencia y la resistencia. A través de un enfoque interdisciplinario, intentaremos identificar las imágenes de la mujer en estas novelas, así como el estilo y el lenguaje en el proceso de reinterpretación de los archivos y la reintegración de la mujer africana subsahariana en la historia. Femme africaine et littérature Femme africaine et violence Femme-Soldat Enfant-Soldat Femme africaine et résistance Mémoire et témoignage Violence et fiction Viol et guerre Littérature et histoire Ahmadou Kourouma Koulsy Lamko Tanella Boni Yvonne Vera Delia Jarrett-Macauley Emmanuel Dongala Alain Mabanckou Donato Ndongo-Bidyogo Léonora Miano African woman and literature African woman and violence Female-soldier Child-soldier African woman and resistance Memory and testimony Violence and fiction Rape and war Literature and history Ahmadou Kourouma Koulsy Lamko Tanella Boni Yvonne Vera Delia Jarrett-Macauley Emmanuel Dongala Alain Mabanckou Donato Ndongo-Bidyogo Léonora Miano Mujer africana y literatura Mujer africana y violence Mujer soldado Niño soldado Mujer africana y resistencia Memoria y testimonio Violencia y ficción Abuso sexual y guerra Historia y literatura Ahmadou Kourouma Koulsy Lamko Tanella Boni Yvonne Vera Delia Jarrett-Macauley Emmanuel Dongala Alain Mabanckou Donato Ndongo-Bidyogo Léonora Miano

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Beyond the dichotomies of a coercion and voluntary recruitment, Afghan unaccompanied minors unveil their recruitment process in Iran

Entre violence et resistance : la réinsertion de la femme africaine subsaharienne dans l'histoire / Between violence and resistance : the reintegration of the Sub-saharan African woman in History / Entre violencia y resistencia : la reintegración de la mujer africana subsahariana a la Historia