Este trabalho consiste de paisagens e autorretratos, inspirados nas memórias de minha infância. Desenho, gravura e aquarela são os meios utilizados na realização de tais obras, que são acompanhadas por um texto escrito que busca, por sua vez, refletir sobre ou evocar esta memória. / This work consists of inner landscapes and self-portraits, inspired by my childhood memories. Drawing, printmaking and watercolor are the means used in carrying out such works, which are accompanaied by a written text that seeks, in turn, to reflect on or evoke this memory.

Este trabalho consiste de paisagens e autorretratos, inspirados nas memórias de minha infância. Desenho, gravura e aquarela são os meios utilizados na realização de tais obras, que são acompanhadas por um texto escrito que busca, por sua vez, refletir sobre ou evocar esta memória. / This work consists of inner landscapes and self-portraits, inspired by my childhood memories. Drawing, printmaking and watercolor are the means used in carrying out such works, which are accompanaied by a written text that seeks, in turn, to reflect on or evoke this memory.

O objetivo desta pesquisa é a análise das memórias de infância durante a urbanização da cidade de Maringá, entre 1970 e 1990. A cidade de Maringá foi fundada no final da década de 1940, integrando a colonização do Norte do Paraná. Nas duas décadas seguintes, as características da cidade ficaram mais definidas. Maringá tornou-se centro de distribuição de bens e de prestação de serviços para a região, contando com investimentos empresariais e escritórios regionais de vários órgãos do governo estadual. Além disso, com o avanço do plantio de soja e outros produtos agrícolas, a produção de café deixou de ser a principal fonte econômica da cidade. Até o início da década de 1970, houve um crescimento demográfico expressivo, registrando-se cerca de 130 mil habitantes. Em 1967, foi elaborado, sob orientação do governo estadual, o Plano Diretor de Desenvolvimento que constatou a adiantada urbanização da região central de Maringá e a necessidade de ações públicas urgentes nas áreas periféricas. Para analisar como esse processo, desenvolvido entre 1970 e 1990, foi vivido pelas crianças da época, o uso de fontes orais demonstrou ser o mais indicado. As entrevistas foram realizadas com pessoas que moraram em Maringá no período analisado, nascidas entre 1960 e 1980. Seguiu-se uma distribuição geográfica de suas moradias, estratégia que permitiu uma visão mais ampla da cidade, inclusive da periferia. A abrangência das perguntas possibilitou uma análise da relação dos entrevistados com o seu cotidiano: moradia, alimentação, brincadeiras, trabalho, relações de vizinhança e dos adultos com as crianças; e com a cidade e os serviços oferecidos: saúde, educação, lazer, transporte, entre outros. O trabalho com as fontes orais, além de analisar como o processo complexo de urbanização da cidade ficou registrado na memória dos depoentes, ainda permitiu o aprofundamento na questão da formação da memória da infância nos adultos. / This research analyzes childhood memories during the urbanization of the Brazilian city of Maringá between 1970 and 1990. The city was founded at the end of the 1940s as colonization spread to the northern part of Paraná, integrating that area with the rest of the state. Over the following two decades the citys characteristics grew more defined. Maringá became a distribution center for the regions goods and services, benefiting from entrepreneurial investment and the establishment of regional offices for various departments of state government. The expansion of soybean farming and the cultivation of new agricultural products reduced the citys economic dependence on the coffee crop alone. By the early 1970s Maringás population had rapidly expanded to around 130,000 inhabitants, an expansion closely identified with the states 1967 Direction Plan for Development addressing advancing urbanization in Maringás center and the necessity of urgent public action in peripheral areas. Analysing this process, developed between 1970 and 1990, through the eyes of children growing up during this era, the use of oral sources demonstrated being the most indicated. Interviews were conducted with persons born between 1960 and 1980 who lived in Maringá during the 1970-to-1990 study period. In order to provide a complete perspective, the interviewees were chosen from areas geographically distributed across the city, its periphery included. Interview responses permit an analysis of the relationship between the interviewees and factors shaping their everyday lives: housing, food and nourishment, work and play, relationship neighborhood and adult-figures; and also how the subjects interacted with the city as a whole and its various services health, education, leisure, and transportation, among others. The analysis of these oral sources, besides lending insight into the complexities of Maringás urbanization, also shows just how profoundly childhood recollections remain in memory and shape adult lives.

A pesquisa tem por objetivo identificar quais imagens da infância os adultos têm. Foi desenvolvida em uma perspectiva qualitativa com o propósito de compreender o que pensam acerca da infância e coletou memórias de infância de nove adultos que têm em comum o fato de seus filhos frequentarem uma instituição pública de educação infantil. Sustentada pelo referencial teórico da Sociologia da Infância compreende a infância enquanto categoria da estrutura social em sua divisão geracional. Utiliza os paradigmas da área acerca da construção social, histórica e cultural das imagens e representações de infância. Com o apoio das teorias da Memória Coletiva a pesquisa compreende a influência que o passado exerce na percepção do presente e na construção de concepções e imagens, neste caso, da infância. A pesquisa de campo revelou que tanto as experiências vividas pelos sujeitos adultos quando crianças como as representações sociais da infância exercem influência na maneira de se conceptualizar e imaginar a infância nos dias de hoje. / This research aims to identify which childhood images adults have. It was developed in a qualitative perspective with the purpose of understanding what they think about childhood and collected childhood memories from nine adults that share the fact of their children attend the same public kindergarten. Based on the theoretical framework of Sociology of Childhood understands childhood as a category of social structure in a generational division. The research uses the fields paradigm of socially, historically and culturally constructed images and models of childhood. Supported by the Collective Memory theories the research understands the influence that past has upon the presents perception and upon the conceptions and images of childhood construction, in this case. The field research revealed that both the experiences of these adults while they were children and social models of childhood influence the manner of conceiving and imagining childhood nowadays.

ix, 213 p. A print copy of this title is available from the UO Libraries, under the call number: KNIGHT PQ673 .C53 2007 / This dissertation is an analysis of the ways in which the remembered past of childhood is inscribed in four francophone novels written at the turn of the twenty-first century: Nina Bouraoui's L'âge blessé and Garçon manqué, Ying Chen's Le champ dans la mer, and Gisèle Pineau's L'espérance-macadam. These texts belong to a substantial corpus of contemporary narratives in which the remembering of childhood experiences plays a central role. Within that corpus we find a new approach to childhood emerging, one in which an unfamiliar past returns through the remembered voice of a wounded child. This voice overwhelms the text, fracturing the narrative through the irruption of images that it cannot contain. This dissertation is a study of the characteristics of this new "aesthetics of rupture." Memories of childhood in these texts are overshadowed by shattering past events that went unrecognized and unacknowledged. As a result of the wounds inflicted upon the child, the adult narrator remembers the past through physical symptoms of pain. Far from suturing the wounds of the past, remembering childhood becomes an incessant confrontational engagement with past traumas. The reader is then able to hear the scream of the wide-eyed child through a process of empathetic identification with the narrator's visceral memories. My introductory chapters provide a historical context to the development of representations of childhood in French and Francophone literature. Chapter III studies the ways in which childhood memories can actualize the past as a set of interruptive and destabilizing images. Theories of the non-representational revelation of the past serve as a starting point to my reading of Bouraoui's L'âge blessé. Chapter IV concentrates on the affective quality of memories so as to understand the narrator's ambivalent affective relationship to the past of childhood in Chen's Le champ dans la mer. Chapter V attempts to capture the ways in which the memory of a child's voice can be heard as a literary scream in Bouraoui's Garçon manqué. Chapter VI is a reading of Pineau's L'espérance-macadam in which I take into account the unseen gaze of the child to consider the role of hope in this text. / Adviser: Karen McPherson

A pesquisa tem por objetivo identificar quais imagens da infância os adultos têm. Foi desenvolvida em uma perspectiva qualitativa com o propósito de compreender o que pensam acerca da infância e coletou memórias de infância de nove adultos que têm em comum o fato de seus filhos frequentarem uma instituição pública de educação infantil. Sustentada pelo referencial teórico da Sociologia da Infância compreende a infância enquanto categoria da estrutura social em sua divisão geracional. Utiliza os paradigmas da área acerca da construção social, histórica e cultural das imagens e representações de infância. Com o apoio das teorias da Memória Coletiva a pesquisa compreende a influência que o passado exerce na percepção do presente e na construção de concepções e imagens, neste caso, da infância. A pesquisa de campo revelou que tanto as experiências vividas pelos sujeitos adultos quando crianças como as representações sociais da infância exercem influência na maneira de se conceptualizar e imaginar a infância nos dias de hoje. / This research aims to identify which childhood images adults have. It was developed in a qualitative perspective with the purpose of understanding what they think about childhood and collected childhood memories from nine adults that share the fact of their children attend the same public kindergarten. Based on the theoretical framework of Sociology of Childhood understands childhood as a category of social structure in a generational division. The research uses the fields paradigm of socially, historically and culturally constructed images and models of childhood. Supported by the Collective Memory theories the research understands the influence that past has upon the presents perception and upon the conceptions and images of childhood construction, in this case. The field research revealed that both the experiences of these adults while they were children and social models of childhood influence the manner of conceiving and imagining childhood nowadays.

O objetivo desta pesquisa é a análise das memórias de infância durante a urbanização da cidade de Maringá, entre 1970 e 1990. A cidade de Maringá foi fundada no final da década de 1940, integrando a colonização do Norte do Paraná. Nas duas décadas seguintes, as características da cidade ficaram mais definidas. Maringá tornou-se centro de distribuição de bens e de prestação de serviços para a região, contando com investimentos empresariais e escritórios regionais de vários órgãos do governo estadual. Além disso, com o avanço do plantio de soja e outros produtos agrícolas, a produção de café deixou de ser a principal fonte econômica da cidade. Até o início da década de 1970, houve um crescimento demográfico expressivo, registrando-se cerca de 130 mil habitantes. Em 1967, foi elaborado, sob orientação do governo estadual, o Plano Diretor de Desenvolvimento que constatou a adiantada urbanização da região central de Maringá e a necessidade de ações públicas urgentes nas áreas periféricas. Para analisar como esse processo, desenvolvido entre 1970 e 1990, foi vivido pelas crianças da época, o uso de fontes orais demonstrou ser o mais indicado. As entrevistas foram realizadas com pessoas que moraram em Maringá no período analisado, nascidas entre 1960 e 1980. Seguiu-se uma distribuição geográfica de suas moradias, estratégia que permitiu uma visão mais ampla da cidade, inclusive da periferia. A abrangência das perguntas possibilitou uma análise da relação dos entrevistados com o seu cotidiano: moradia, alimentação, brincadeiras, trabalho, relações de vizinhança e dos adultos com as crianças; e com a cidade e os serviços oferecidos: saúde, educação, lazer, transporte, entre outros. O trabalho com as fontes orais, além de analisar como o processo complexo de urbanização da cidade ficou registrado na memória dos depoentes, ainda permitiu o aprofundamento na questão da formação da memória da infância nos adultos. / This research analyzes childhood memories during the urbanization of the Brazilian city of Maringá between 1970 and 1990. The city was founded at the end of the 1940s as colonization spread to the northern part of Paraná, integrating that area with the rest of the state. Over the following two decades the citys characteristics grew more defined. Maringá became a distribution center for the regions goods and services, benefiting from entrepreneurial investment and the establishment of regional offices for various departments of state government. The expansion of soybean farming and the cultivation of new agricultural products reduced the citys economic dependence on the coffee crop alone. By the early 1970s Maringás population had rapidly expanded to around 130,000 inhabitants, an expansion closely identified with the states 1967 Direction Plan for Development addressing advancing urbanization in Maringás center and the necessity of urgent public action in peripheral areas. Analysing this process, developed between 1970 and 1990, through the eyes of children growing up during this era, the use of oral sources demonstrated being the most indicated. Interviews were conducted with persons born between 1960 and 1980 who lived in Maringá during the 1970-to-1990 study period. In order to provide a complete perspective, the interviewees were chosen from areas geographically distributed across the city, its periphery included. Interview responses permit an analysis of the relationship between the interviewees and factors shaping their everyday lives: housing, food and nourishment, work and play, relationship neighborhood and adult-figures; and also how the subjects interacted with the city as a whole and its various services health, education, leisure, and transportation, among others. The analysis of these oral sources, besides lending insight into the complexities of Maringás urbanization, also shows just how profoundly childhood recollections remain in memory and shape adult lives.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / The present Dissertation approaches a study about the artistic construction from the rescue of childhood memories. Its corpus concerns an autobiographic research, which have sought for elements from the long-term memory along with photographs and personal belongs stocked by the artist, enabling a reflection about mechanisms, restlessness and personal reflections in the face of the contemporary art practice. It is presented the poetic construction from artist s books and object books. Mentions about the metal engraving technical procedures are present in this study, since they are an active part of the process of building autobiographical elements from childhood memories. It was created ten works from this research, which were divided in: a unique work (artist s book) called Memory s album and other four series (artists book and object-books). They are: Ways, White Clouds in a Reddish Sky, The Hallway s Corner e The Toy Room. / A presente Dissertação aborda a construção artística a partir do recordar as memórias de infância. Trata-se de uma pesquisa autobiográfica que buscou elementos da memória de longo prazo em conjunção a fotografias e objetos pessoais guardados pela artista, de forma que possibilitassem refletir sobre os mecanismos, inquietações, e reflexões pessoais diante da prática artística contemporânea. Neste sentido, apresento a construção poética desenvolvida a partir de livros de artista e livros-objeto. Também faço menção aos procedimentos técnicos da gravura em metal, já que estes fazem parte ativa deste processo de construção de elementos autobiográficos reelaborados a partir de recordações de infância. Foram criados dez trabalhos a partir desta pesquisa, divididos em: um trabalho único (livro de artista) denominado Álbum de memórias e outras quatro séries (livros de artistas e livros-objeto), sendo elas: Caminhos, As nuvens brancas num céu rosado, O canto do corredor e O quartinho de brinquedo.

Ce travail se compose de deux études principales : La première étude est destinée à valider une version française de l’échelle d’évaluation des qualités d’attachement adulte (MAQ ; Carver, 1997). La deuxième étude est destinée à évaluer les qualités d’attachement chez les jeunes adultes antérieurement placés en famille d’accueil et de les mettre en perspective avec la perception qu’ils ont du soutien parental reçu dans le cadre familial de substitution (famille d’accueil ou assistante familiale). Les résultats de la première étude montrent que l’échelle de MAQ-Fr présente des niveaux adéquats de cohérence interne, de stabilité temporelle et d’une bonne validité du construit. Nous pouvons considérer qu’elle constitue donc un bon outil d’évaluation des qualités d'attachement auprès d’une population d’adultes français. Les résultats de la deuxième étude montrent que les jeunes accueillis avaient été marqués par leur expérience de placement. Leurs types d'attachement à l'âge adulte ont été influencés dans une certaine mesure par leurs expériences individuelles en famille d'accueil. Ces types d'attachement sont liés à la fois au soutien parental de substitution et aux conditions dans lesquelles se sont effectuées le /ou les placements. Les types d'attachement insécure influencent l'évolution relationnelle des adultes anciens placés en famille d'accueil. Ils ont alors développé des « modèles internes opérants » provoquant des défenses qui renforcent en fait les angoisses et la méfiance déjà présentes du fait des traumatismes relationnels précoces. Cette étude fournit à la fois des indices positifs comme quoi les enfants placés subissent des souffrances liées à leurs difficultés d’attachement et que celles-ci peuvent se trouver modifiées en bien ou en mal selon la sensibilité des milieux d’accueil à ces difficultés d’attachement. Les résultats obtenus mettent en lumière l'importance de s'intéresser au placement en famille d'accueil et aux relations entre les jeunes placés et les parents d'accueil, celles-ci étant des facteurs susceptibles d'influencer dans une forme de sécurisation l’attachement à l'âge adulte tout en renforçant l’autonomisation et les capacités de mentalisation. / This work is composed of two main studies: The first study intended to validate a French version of the of the measure of adult attachment qualities (MAQ; Carver, 1997). The second study is designed to assess the attachment qualities of young adults previously placed in foster care and put them in perspective with the perception they have of parental support received in foster care. The results of the first study show that the MAQ-Fr scale has adequate levels of internal consistency, temporal stability, and good construct validity. We can consider that it is therefore a good tool for assessing the qualities of attachment to a French adult population. The results of the second study show that the participants have been affected by their foster care experience. Their relationship styles indicate that their attachment style in adulthood has been influenced to some extent by their individual experiences in foster care. These types of attachment are related both to foster parental support and the conditions in which the placement (s) was made. Insecure attachment patterns influence the relational evolution of adults who have been in foster care. They then developed "working internal models" hat provoke defenses that actually reinforce the anxieties and mistrust already present due to early relationship traumas. This study provides both positive indications that the children placed suffer pain related to their attachment difficulties and that these can be modified in good or bad according to the sensitivity of the host environments to these difficulties of 'attachment. The final results highlight the importance of foster care placement and relationships between young in foster care and their foster parents, as these factors are likely to influence attachment in adulthood in a form of securing while reinforcing empowerment and mentalizing abilities.

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