O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar o impacto do tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal de pacientes com periodontite de moderada à avançada. Quarenta e cinco pacientes foram submetidos aos exames físicos periodontais e à entrevista utilizando-se o instrumento OHIP-14, em três momentos experimentais: antes do tratamento (T1), após o tratamento da gengivite (T2) e um mês após o término do tratamento da periodontite (T3). A análise dos dados foi feita comparando-se as médias dos indicadores físicos periodontais (IFP), escore total (ET) do OHIP-14 e de seus domínios (D), separadamente. Além disso, foi avaliada a diferença de mudança do ET-OHIP-14 entre T1-T2 e T1-T3 e sua correlação com os IFP e o com o ET -OHIP- 14 em T1. Uma redução significante foi observada para o ET-OHIP-14 entre T1 (17,6±11,3) e T2 (9,1±8,0) e T3 (9,5±7,7). Porém, a mudança observada para o ETOHIP- 14 foi maior entre T1-T2, quando comparado a T1-T3. O tamanho deste efeito foi de 0.75 e 0,72 respectivamente. À exceção do domínio incapacidade física e limitação funcional, todos os demais apresentaram redução significante entre T1 e T2. Este resultado foi mantido em T3, exceto para o dor física que apresentou incremento positivo (de 2,8±2,0 para 3,7±2,5). Foi observada uma correlação entre a mudança do OHIP-14 com o ET e Perda de Inserção em T1. Conclui-se que a percepção de qualidade de vida melhora após o tratamento periodontal, principalmente após o tratamento da gengivite. Sendo assim, sugere-se o tratamento da gengivite, expressivo na sua capacidade de melhorar os impactos relacionados à qualidade de vida, como essencial em periodontia. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of non-surgical periodontal treatment on oral health related quality of life in patients diagnosed with moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis. Forty five patients were examined for clinical periodontal parameters and for the assessment of oral health related quality of life using the OHIP-14 questionnaire in three different moments: before treatment (T1), after gingivitis treatment (T2) and after periodontitis treatment (T3). Means of periodontal clinical parameters, the OHIP-14 total score and its domains were compared separately at all moments. Change of means (between T1-T2 and T1-T3) and its correlation between initial (T1) clinical parameters and OHIP-14 total score was calculated. A significant reduction of OHIP-14 total score was observed between the T1 (17.6±11.3) and T2 and T3 (9.1±8.0 and 9.5±7.7). However, the change of OHIP-14 means was higher for T1-T2 when compared to T1-T3, effect sizes calculated for this comparisons were 0.75 and 0.72 respectively. Except for the domain physical disability and functional limitation, all others showed a significant reduction between T1 and T2. This result was maintained at T3, except for the physical pain domain which increased (from 2.8 ± 2.0 to 3.7 ± 2.5). A correlation was observed between the change in OHIP-14 with its total score and periodontal attachment loss in T1. We conclude that there is an improvement of patients’ perception on oral health related quality of life after periodontal treatment, particularly after the gingivitis treatment. Therefore, it is suggested the treatment of gingivitis, expressive in its ability to improve the impacts related to quality of life, as essential in periodontology.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-09-03T11:25:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Tatiana Santos Araújo - 2018.pdf: 2428189 bytes, checksum: df19f39a21998d1646d7679e34c5497e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-09-03T11:28:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Tatiana Santos Araújo - 2018.pdf: 2428189 bytes, checksum: df19f39a21998d1646d7679e34c5497e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-03T11:28:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Tatiana Santos Araújo - 2018.pdf: 2428189 bytes, checksum: df19f39a21998d1646d7679e34c5497e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-27 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / Periodontal disease is a common and localized inflammatory disease caused by bacterial infection associated with dental biofilm and several pathological conditions, such as inflammation of the gingiva, degeneration of the periodontal ligament, root cementum and loss of alveolar bone, characterizing periodontitis. Chronic Periodontitis is one of the manifestations of Periodontal Disease, it stands out for the high prevalence and incidence, and still remains, throughout the world, as a public health problem, affecting the quality of life of these people. It can be considered a disease of high complexity as to the nature of its etiology, different forms of classification, treatment and maintenance. The major bacteria found include Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, P. intermedia, C. rectus, E. corrodens, Fusobacterium. nucleatum, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, P. micros, Treponema and Eubacterium species. Antimicrobials, by the inhibition of pathogenic microorganisms growth, are a prophylactic and therapeutic alternative for multiple diseases, as well as Chronic Periodontitis. The high capacity of developing resistance to antibiotics has steadily increased and its control is still a major challenge. Nanotechnology provides a new platform for developing important metal properties in the form of nanoparticles (NPs) with promising applications as antimicrobial agents. Since the last decade, silver NPs (Ag-NP) have demonstrated antimicrobial properties against gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria. In this work, the NPs of Ag and zinc oxide decorated with silver (ZnO-Ag- NP) were synthesized and analyzed for: I the final quality of NPs by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy MET); II by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the antimicrobial potential on Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 10953) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (ATCC 33277), in vitro for a period of 24 to 96 hours. The antimicrobial activity of Amoxicillin (AMX) and Metronidazole (MTZ) on the strains were evaluated in the same experimental conditions. DRX confirmed the synthesis of Ag-NPs in the face-centered cubic crystallographic phase and ZnO-Ag-NP in the Wurtzite hexagonal phase. MET images showed aspherical shape with an average size of about 2 nm (Ag-NP) and 8 nm (ZnO-Ag-NP) indicating the efficiency of the synthesis method to obtain colloidal suspensions. The CIM for Ag-NP (in the range of 32.4 to 4.05 and> 150 to 37.5 μg / mL) and ZnO-Ag-NP (> 150 to 37.5 and 150 μg / mL) F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis, respectively, point to the concentration-time dependent activity; with higher Ag-NP antimicrobial activity for the same exposure times, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Comparatively, greater sensitivity of F. nucleatum than P. gingivalis to NPs is clearly observed. AMX (0.047 to 0.023 μg / mL) and MTZ (5.0 to 0.625 μg / mL) presented lower MIC values than NPs under microdilution test conditions under anaerobic conditions. The development of new drugs or nanomaterials is promising in the face of the propagation of bacterial resistance, since they have a low propensity to induce microbial resistance when compared to conventional antibiotics. / A Doença Periodontal é uma doença inflamatória localizada e bastante comum, causada por infecção bacteriana associada ao biofilme dental e à diversas condições patológicas, como a inflamação da gengiva, degeneração do ligamento periodontal, cemento radicular e a perda de osso alveolar, caracterizando às periodontites. A Periodontite Crônica é uma das manifestações da Doença Periodontal, destaca-se pela alta prevalência e incidência em todo o mundo, afetando a qualidade de vida dessas pessoas. Pode-se considerar uma doença de elevada complexidade quanto à natureza da sua etiologia, formas de classificação, tratamento e à sua manutenção. As principais bactérias encontradas incluem Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, P. intermedia, C. rectus, E. corrodens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, P.micros e espécies de Treponema e Eubacterium. Os antimicrobianos, por inibirem o crescimento de microrganismos patogênicos, são uma alternativa profilática e terapêutica de múltiplas doenças, assim como da Periodontite Crônica. A alta capacidade de desenvolvimento de resistência contra antibióticos tem aumentado continuamente e seu controle é ainda um grande desafio. A nanotecnologia fornece uma nova plataforma de desenvolvimento das propriedades importantes do metal sob a forma de nanopartículas (NPs) com aplicações promissoras como agentes antimicrobianos. Desde a última década, as NPs de prata (Ag-NP) têm demonstrado propriedades antimicrobianas contra as bactérias gram-negativas e bactérias gram-positivas. Neste trabalho, as NPs, de Ag e de óxido de zinco decoradas com prata (ZnO-Ag-NP), foram sintetizadas e analisadas quanto: I a qualidade final das NPs por Difração de Raios X (DRX) e Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão (MET); II através da determinação da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM), o potencial antimicrobiano sobre sobre Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 10953) e Porphyromonas gingivalis (ATCC 33277), in vitro pelo período de 24 à 96h. Comparativamente foi avaliada a atividade antimicrobiana de Amoxicilina (AMX) e Metronidazole (MTZ) sobre as cepas nas mesmas condições experimentais. A DRX confirmou a síntese de Ag-NPs na fase cristalográfica cúbica de face centrada e de ZnO-Ag-NP na fase hexagonal do tipo Wurtzita. As imagens de MET revelaram formato esférico com tamanho médio de cerca de 2 nm (Ag-NP) e 8 nm (ZnO-Ag-NP) apontando a eficiência do método de síntese para a obtenção de suspensões coloidais. A CIM para as Ag-NP (na faixa de 32,4 a 4,05 e >150 a 37,5 μg/mL ) e de ZnO-Ag-NP (>150 a 37,5 e 150 μg/mL) sobre F. nucleatum e P. Gingivalis, respectivamente, apontam para a atividade tipo concentração-tempo dependente; com maior atividade antimicrobiana de Ag-NP para os mesmos tempos de exposição, 24, 48, 72 e 96h. Comparativamente, observa-se com clareza maior sensibilidade de F. nucleatum do que P. gingivalis às NPs. AMX (0,047 a 0,023 μg/mL) e MTZ (5,0 a 0,625 μg/mL) apresentaram valores de CIM menores do que as NPs, em condições de teste em microdiluição em condições anaeróbicas. O desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos ou nanomateriais é promissor diante a propagação da resistência bacteriana, por estes apresentarem baixa propensão de induzir resistência microbiana quando comparados aos antibióticos convencionais.

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans exerce um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento da doença periodontal crônica e agressiva. Produz fatores de virulência que o tornam capaz de colonizar e invadir os tecidos periodontais e de escapar das defesas do hospedeiro. Nesse estudo, foram determinadas as características fenotípicas e genotípicas de A. actinomycetemcomitans e a presença dos principais genes responsáveis por sua virulência. Amostras de biofilme subgengival de 65 indivíduos com doença periodontal e de 48 indivíduos sadios foram coletadas, sendo obtidos 73 isolados bacterianos. Testes de biotipagem, adesão, invasão e citotoxicidade às células orais (KB), produção de neuraminidase e biofilme, presença de cápsula e fimbrias foram avaliados, assim como, a presença dos genes flp-1 (relacionado à adesão); apaH (relacionado à invasão); promotor LTX e ltxA (produção de leucotoxina); e cdtA, cdtB, cdtC, cdtABC (produção de toxina distensora). O biotipo II foi o mais predominante nos isolados de A. actinomycetemcomitans. Sessenta e seis isolados foram capazes de aderir às células KB e dentre eles, 33 foram capazes de invadir as mesmas. Quarenta e seis isolados de A. actinomycetemcomitans foram citotóxicos às células KB, produzindo alterações na morfologia celular. Neuraminidase foi produzida por 60 dos isolados analisados, com títulos de aglutinação de 2 a 8. Cinquenta e quatro isolados foram capazes de formar grande quantidade de biofilme. Todos os isolados apresentaram cápsula, porém nenhum deles apresentou fímbrias. O gene flp-1 foi detectado em 40 isolados e o gene apaH em 52 isolados de A. actinomycetemcomitans. O promotor LTX e o gene ltxA foram encontrados em todos os isolados, sendo 64 altamente leucotóxicos e 9 fracamente leucotóxicos. O gene cdtA foi observado em 50 isolados testados; o gene cdtB, em 48 isolados; o gene cdtC, em 61 isolados e o gene cdtABC, em 40 isolados. Esses resultados sugerem que a maioria dos isolados clínicos de A. actinomycetemcomitans, provenientes de pacientes com periodontite, abrigam os principais genes responsáveis pela virulência, principalmente os relacionados à produção de toxinas. Possivelmente, a maioria dos isolados foram capazes de aderir às células orais e formar biofilmes em superfícies sólidas pelo envolvimento de outros tipos de adesinas, além das fímbrias. Além disso, dois dos três isolados de indivíduo sadio também apresentaram fatores de virulência que poderiam causar periodontite. / Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans plays a key role in the development of chronic and aggressive periodontitis. This microorganism produces virulence factors which make it able to colonize and invade the periodontal tissues and escape from host defenses. In this study, the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of A. actinomycetemcomitans and the presence of the main genes responsible for virulence were determined. Subgingival biofilm samples from 65 patients with periodontal disease and 48 healthy individuals were collected, and 73 bacterial isolates were obtained. Biotyping, adhesion, invasion and cytotoxicity to oral cells (KB), neuraminidase and biofilm production, presence of capsule and fimbriae were evaluated, as well as the presence of flp-1 (related to adhesion); apaH (related to invasion); LTX promoter and ltxA (leukotoxin production); cdtA, cdtB, cdtC, cdtABC (cytoletal distending toxin production) genes. Biotype II was the most prevalent in A. actinomycetemcomitans. Sixty-six isolates were able to adhere to KB cells and among them 33 were able to invade them. Forty-six A. actinomycetemcomitans isolates were cytotoxic to KB cells, producing changes in cell morphology. Neuraminidase was produced by 60 isolates, with agglutination titles of 2 to 8. Fifty-four A. actinomycetemcomitans were able to form large amount of biofilm. All isolates showed capsule, but not fimbriae. The flp-1 and apaH genes were detected, respectively, in 40 and 52 isolates. The LTX promoter and ltxA gene were found in all isolates, in 64 were highly leukotoxic and 9 minimally leukotoxic. The cdtA gene was observed in 50; cdtB in 48; cdtC in 61 and cdtABC in 40 A. actinomycetemcomitans. These results suggest that most of A. actinomycetemcomitans clinical isolates from periodontal patients, harbor the main genes responsible for virulence, especially those related to toxins production. Possibly, most of the isolates were able to attach to oral cells and form biofilms on solid surfaces, by the involvement of other types of adhesins, besides the fimbriae. Furthermore, two out three isolates from healthy individual also had virulence factors that could cause periodontitis.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-18T15:15:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 patriciadecastrodaibert.pdf: 2626516 bytes, checksum: 4aa00de0747d969c75ff06dd33f4502a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-01T18:50:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 patriciadecastrodaibert.pdf: 2626516 bytes, checksum: 4aa00de0747d969c75ff06dd33f4502a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-01T18:50:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 patriciadecastrodaibert.pdf: 2626516 bytes, checksum: 4aa00de0747d969c75ff06dd33f4502a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-29 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A doença renal crônica é considerada um problema de saúde pública mundial, principalmente devido à alta morbidade e mortalidade. A perda progressiva e irreversível da função renal fornece várias complicações. Avaliação dos fatores de risco é fundamental para reduzir riscos de morte em doentes renais crônicos. Doença cardiovascular representa a principal causa de morte dessa doença seguida por infecções. Com o objetivo de avaliar a função endotelial foram incluídos 35 pacientes alocados em três grupos (15 com doença renal crônica e periodontite crônica, 10 com periodontite crônica sem doenças sistêmicas e 10 controles saudáveis). Doença renal crônica foi definida como sugerido pelo Guia de Prática Clínica da National Kidney Foundation. Periodontite Crônica foi definida através de profundidade de sondagem e nível de inserção clínica, segundo a Academia Americana de Periodontologia. Níveis de proteína C-reativa foram mensurados pela técnica Elisa. A função endotelial apresentou-se reduzida em pacientes com doença renal crônica e periodontite crônica e naqueles com periodontite crônica sem doenças sistêmicas quando comparados ao grupo controle saudável. Níveis de proteína C-reativa apresentaram-se elevados nos grupos com doença renal crônica com periodontite crônica e periodontite crônica sem doenças sistêmicas em relação ao grupo controle. Pacientes com nível de inserção clínica ≥ 6 mm foram mais encontrados no grupo de doentes renais crônicos com periodontite crônica com diferença estatisticamente significante quando comparado aos outros dois grupos. Conclui-se que a periodontite crônica induz uma resposta inflamatória sistêmica e pacientes portadores de doença renal crônica apresentam-a com maior gravidade. / Chronic kidney disease is considered a public health problem worldwide, mainly due to the high morbidity and mortality. The progressive and irreversible loss of renal function provides several complications. Evaluation of risk factors is key to reducing risks of death in patients with chronic renal failure. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death by disease after infection. In order to assess endothelial function were included 35 patients divided into three groups (15 with chronic kidney disease and chronic periodontitis, 10 with chronic periodontitis with no systemic disease and 10 healthy controls). Chronic kidney disease was defined as suggested by the Practice Guideline for the National Kidney Foundation. Chronic periodontitis was defined by probing depth and clinical attachment level, according to the American Academy of Periodontology. Levels of C-reactive protein were measured by ELISA technique. Endothelial function was presented reduced in patients with chronic kidney disease and those with chronic periodontitis and chronic periodontitis with no systemic disease compared to healthy control group. Levels of C-reactive protein had to be high in groups with chronic kidney disease with chronic periodontitis and chronic periodontitis with no systemic diseases in the control group. Patients with clinical attachment level ≥ 6 mm were more in the group with chronic renal failure patients with chronic periodontitis was statistically significant when compared to the other two groups. Chronic periodontitis induces a systemic inflammatory response and patients with chronic kidney disease presented with the utmost gravity.

Orientador: Márcio Zaffalon Casati / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T14:43:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Taiete_Tiago_M.pdf: 1582293 bytes, checksum: ce2ee2281211fd103a94c527cfce02ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A periodontite agressiva é caraterizada por apresentar início precoce, rápida progressão e pobre resposta as abordagens terapêuticas quando comparado a periodontite crônica. Entretanto, os mecanismos responsáveis por essas diferenças ainda não são completamente compreendidos. Ferramentas como a genômica, proteômica ou transcriptômica podem esclarecer esses aspectos, gerando importantes informações a respeito da patogênese das doenças periodontais. Portanto, os objetivos do presente estudo foram: i) Apresentar uma revisão de literatura focada na aplicação da genômica, transcriptômica, proteômica e metabolômica no estudo das doenças periodontais. ii) Avaliar as diferenças no perfil de expressão gênica da mucosa mastigatória, sem a influência do biofilme subgengival, em indivíduos com histórico de periodontite agressiva e crônica, comparando-os entre si e também com o perfil de expressão de indivíduos sem histórico de periodontite visando à identificação de possíveis alterações constitutivas na expressão de genes que podem estar relacionadas com as diferenças entre as duas formas de periodontite. Para o primeiro objetivo, foi realizada uma revisão dos artigos que empregaram as tecnologias ômicas no estudo das doenças periodontais. Os estudos presentes na literatura indicaram que essas tecnologias podem levar a um melhor entendimento dos eventos moleculares envolvidos na patogênese das doenças periodontais. Para o segundo objetivo, foram obtidas amostras teciduais da mucosa mastigatória de 4 pacientes com histórico de periodontite crônica, 4 com periodontite agressiva generalizada e 4 indivíduos sem histórico de periodontite. As amostras foram manipuladas para a extração de RNA total, síntese de cDNA de fita dupla e a hibridização por microarranjo de DNA, avaliando a expressão de 45033 genes. Os programas R e Bioconductor foram empregados para realizar a análise de RMA (Robust-Multi-Array), calcular o valor de expressão (fold-change) e o valor de p para comparações múltiplas através do método de Benjamini-Hochberg. O enriquecimento dos dados, através de ontologia gênica e análise de via, foi realizado com o programa de bioinformática DAVID (Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery). Três comparações foram realizadas: comparação 1 (periodontite agressiva x indivíduos sem histórico de periodontite); comparação 2 (periodontite crônica x indivíduos sem histórico de periodontite); e comparação 3 (periodontite crônica x periodontite agressiva). A comparação entre os grupos identificou: 192 genes e 50 grupos diferencialmente expressos na comparação 1, 43 genes e 27 grupos na comparação 2 e 168 genes e 75 grupos na comparação 3. Genes com funções no sistema imune, entre os quais receptores de linfócitos natural killer, foram mais expressos em periodontite agressiva; em contraste, genes envolvidos na proliferação e diferenciação de queratinócitos, assim como genes com função em processos neurais foram menos expressos. Já os indivíduos com periodontite crônica se caracterizaram por um aumento na expressão de genes com função na resposta a estímulos externos, e uma diminuição na expressão dos genes relacionados ao sistema imune. Dentro dos limites desse estudo, pode-se concluir que existem diferenças nos perfis de expressão gênica da mucosa mastigatória de indivíduos com histórico de periodontite agressiva e crônica, quando comparadas entre si e com indivíduos sem histórico de periodontite, que podem estar associadas às diferenças em suas patogêneses / Abstract: Aggressive periodontitis is characterized by early onset, rapid progression and poor response to treatment compared to chronic periodontitis. However, mechanisms responsible for these differences are not fully understood. Tools such as genomics, proteomics and transcriptomics can clarify these aspects, producing important information about the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. Therefore, the aims of this study were: i) Provide a literature review focused on the application of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in the study of periodontal diseases. ii) Evaluate the gene expression profile of tissue from masticatory mucosa, without the influence of biofilm, in patients with a history of generalized aggressive and chronic periodontitis, and also with gene expression profile of individuals without periodontitis, with the aim to identify possible constitutive alterations in gene expression, which may be related to the differences between both forms of periodontitis. For the first objective, it was performed a review of articles that employed omics technologies in the study of periodontal diseases. The studies in the literature indicated that these technologies can lead to a better understanding of molecular events involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. For the second objective, masticatory mucosa tissue samples were obtained from 4 patients with a history of chronic periodontitis, 4 with generalized aggressive periodontitis, and 4 from subjects without history of periodontitis. Tissue samples were processed for total RNA extraction, double-strand cDNA synthesis for subsequent hybridization reaction on microarrays, which assessed the expression of 45033 genes. R and Bioconductor softwares used to perform the RMA analysis (Robust Multi-Array), calculate the value of expression (fold-change) and the p-value for multiple comparisons through Benjamini-Hochberg method. Enrichment analysis, through gene ontology (GO) and pathway analysis, was performed with DAVID (Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery). Three comparisons were performed: comparison 1 (aggressive periodontitis x healthy subjects); comparison 2 (chronic periodontitis x healthy subjects); and comparison 3 (chronic periodontitis x aggressive periodontitis). Comparisons analysis found 192 genes and 50 groups differentially expressed in comparison 1, 43 genes and 27 groups in comparison 2, and 168 genes and 75 groups in comparison 3. Genes with function in the immune system, including natural killer cells receptors, were higher expressed in aggressive periodontitis; in contrast, genes involved in proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes, as well as genes with function in neural process were lower expressed. Chronic periodontitis subjects were characterized by increased expression of genes related to response to external stimuli, and a decrease in the expression of genes related to the immune system. Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that there are differences in the gene expression profile of masticatory mucosa of patients with a history of chonic and aggressive periodontitis, when compared among them and with healthy group, which may be associated with differences in their pathogenesis / Mestrado / Periodontia / Mestre em Clínica Odontológica

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-07-20T13:01:25Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) TESE FINAL keila.pdf: 532756 bytes, checksum: c49aa0e3efc358990d4c25a3cdffcf32 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-20T13:01:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) TESE FINAL keila.pdf: 532756 bytes, checksum: c49aa0e3efc358990d4c25a3cdffcf32 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-10 / CNPQ / OBJETIVO:este estudo avaliou os efeitos clínicos e metabólicos, além da avaliação polimórfica da Il-1ß, IL-12 e IL-10, de pacientes com periodontite crônica e diabetes tipo 2, comparando a terapia periodontal convencional e a terapia cirúrgica no tratamento de bolsas residuais nos períodos de 0, 3 e 6 meses. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS:este ensaio clínico randomizado controlado foi conduzido em 30 pacientes com bolsas residuais contralaterais, alocados randomicamente em dois grupos: G1 (n=16) - terapia cirúrgica – e G2 (n=14) – terapia convencional. Os parâmetros clínicos periodontaise metabólicos foram avaliados nos meses 0, 3 e 6. Também foi avaliada a distribuição de genótipos polimórficos das interleucinas IL-1, IL-10 e IL-12. RESULTADOS:houve uma melhora significativa nos níveis de Hb1Ac no G1 quando comparada ao G2 nos meses 3 e 6 (p<0,05). As médias da profundidade de sondagem (PS) e do nível de inserção clínica (NIC) foram reduzidas no G1 no tempo (0-6) (p<0,05) sem diferença estatisticamente significante quando comparado ao G2 nos tempo avaliados. Houve uma redução significativa no G2 quanto ao NIC no tempo (3-6) (p<0,05). Não houve diferença significativa quando avaliada e comparada a distribuição dos polimorfismos no G1 e G2 com os parâmetros clínicos avaliados (p>0,05). CONCLUSAO:a terapia cirúrgica periodontal trouxe melhorias no controle da Hb1Ac de pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 embora quando avaliados os parâmetros clínicos periodontais PS , NIC, as duas modalidades terapêuticas comportaram-se de forma semelhante. A presença de polimorfismos não influenciou a resposta ao tratamento periodontal nos dois grupos estudados. / OBJECTIVES: this study evaluated the effects clinical and metabolic moreover evaluated polimorphisms of IL-1ß, IL-12 and IL-10 inpacients with chronic periodontitis and diabetes type 2 comparing surgical and non surgical therapies on residual pockets over at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS:this randomized controlled trial was conduzed in 30 subjects presents contralateral residual pockets randomicaly allocated in 2 groups: G1 (n=16) – surgical therapy – and G2 (n=14) – non surgical therapy. Metabolics and periodontal clinical parameters were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-therapy. Distribution of polymorphic genotypes of IL-1, Il-10 and IL-12 was assessed. RESULTS:there was a significant improvement in Hb1Ac levels in G1 compared to G2 in the months 3 and 6 (p<0,05). The mean number, PD and CAL improved significantly after therapy in G1 (0-6) (p<0,05) without differences between groups at any timepoint(p>0,05).CAL was improved significantlyin G2 ate (3-6) (p<0,05). There was no significant difference when evaluated and compared the distribution of polymorphisms of interleukins in the G1 and G2 with clinical parameters evaluated (p>0,05). CONCLUSION: periodontal surgical therapy improves Hb1Ac levels in diabetics type 2 although when evaluated PD and CALboth therapisbehaved similarly.The presence of polymorphisms did not influence the response to periodontal treatment in both groups.

Objectives: Fusobacteria are prominent participants in the maturation of subgingival dental plaque biofilms in humans. A number of various species belonging to the Fusobacterium genus have been recovered from the subgingival microbiota of chronic periodontitis patients. However, conventional Fusobacterium species identification is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and complicated by shortcomings in phenotypic-based classification schemes, where many fusobacteria display overlapping and non-distinguishing morphologic features and biochemical properties. In addition, molecular identification of fusobacteria is plagued with difficulties of validating the specificity of nucleic acid probes and primers to various Fusobacterium species that have closely-related interspecies genetic profiles. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, and its associated analytic software, was recently approved for clinical microbiology diagnostic use by the United States Food and Drug Administration. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry has the potential to rapidly identify cultivable clinical isolates to a species level for 4,613 different bacterial species based on mass spectra of their bacterial protein profiles, including many Fusobacterium species. The purpose of this study was to use MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry to rapidly identify the patient distribution of fusobacteria isolated from the subgingival microbiota of chronic periodontitis patients. Methods: A total of 34 chronic periodontitis patients provided 96 fresh subgingival cultivable fusobacteria isolates (one to seven isolates per patient), which were presumptively identified by their chartreuse-positive colony autofluorescence under long-wave ultraviolet light on anaerobically-incubated, non-selective, enriched Brucella blood agar primary isolation plates. Each of the presumptive fusobacteria clinical isolates were subjected to MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis using a bench top mass spectrometer, Bruker FlexControl 3.0 software, and MALDI Biotyper 3.1 software (Bruker Daltonics, Billerica, MA, USA), which contains mass spectra for a variety of fusobacteria in its reference library of bacterial protein profiles. Each clinical isolate underwent on-target plate formic acid protein extraction, and was taxonomically classified with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry within an approximately 30-45 minute time period from the point of colony harvesting from primary isolation culture plates. A MALDI Biotyper log score of equal to or larger than 1.7 was required for reliable taxonomic classification of the clinical fusobacteria isolates. Results: A majority (58.8%) of the chronic periodontitis patients yielded two or three different species of subgingival Fusobacterium on non-selective enriched Brucella blood agar primary isolation plates. Fusobacterium naviforme was identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis in 14 (41.2%) chronic periodontitis study patients, Fusobacterium nucleatum subspecies vincentii in 13 (38.2%) patients, Fusobacterium nucleatum subspecies polymorphum in 9 (26.5%) patients, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Fusobacterium species each in 6 (17.6%) patients, Fusobacterium nucleatum subspecies nucleatum in 4 (11.8%) patients, and Fusobacterium nucleatum subspecies animalis in 3 (8.8%) patients. Three patients additionally yielded subgingival isolates of Fusobacterium canifelinum, normally an inhabitant of the oral cavity of dogs and cats. 52 (54.2%) of the fusobacteria clinical isolates revealed MALDI Biotyper log scores of equal to or larger than 1.7, the threshold for reliable taxonomic classification, while in comparison, 44 (45.8%) had log scores less than 1.7, indicating a less reliable species identification. No other microbial species, other than one of the Fusobacterium species, was listed by the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analytic software as the most likely organism for the tested clinical isolates. Conclusions: These findings indicate that a variety of Fusobacterium species may be identified with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in the subgingival microbiota of chronic periodontitis patients. F. naviforme and F. nucleatum subspecies vincentii were the most frequently isolated subgingival fusobacteria species in the evaluated study patients. Three chronic periodontitis patients also unexpectedly revealed subgingival isolates of the animal species F. canifelinum, which is normally in the oral cavity of dogs and cats. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry may facilitate rapid identification of cultivable fusobacteria in human subgingival dental plaque biofilms, and enhance understanding of bacterial community structure in periodontal pockets. / Oral Biology

Objectives: Microbial infection and the host response to the infection play a significant role in the etiology of periodontal diseases. Previous studies reported a relatively high prevalence of periodontitis among adolescents in Morocco. The importance of the composition of subgingival plaque and the presence and proportion of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans to the total plaque bacteria in the pathogenesis of periodontitis is not well understood. The purpose of this study is to compare the relative abundance of A. actinomycetemcomitans in subgingival dental plaque from young Moroccans with aggressive periodontitis, chronic periodontitis, and those without periodontitis, and to construct a multivariable model to investigate the effect of demographic attributes of age, gender and relative ratio of A. actinomycetemcomitans in dental plaque with periodontal disease status. Methods: Sample population includes 984 subjects, aging from 12-20 years old, who were surveyed and examined for periodontal disease status. 82 subjects were selected consisting of 26% aggressive periodontitis, 12% chronic periodontitis, and 62% without periodontitis. Subgingival plaque was collected from these 82 subjects. Whole DNA was extracted and purified, and real-time PCR was used employing a primer for eubacteria, and specific primer for A. actinomycetemcomitans. PCR assays confirmed the amplification and quantification of DNA of total bacterial and A. actinomycetemcomitans. Results: 73% of the subjects harbored A. actinomycetemcomitans: 63% in aggressive periodontitis, 90% in chronic periodontitis, and 73% in controls. The percentage A. actinomycetemcomitans to total bacterial load increased with age, was similar among males and females, and was somewhat higher in persons with periodontitis than the controls. Using a logistic regression analysis that included age, gender and A. actinomycetemcomitans ratio showed that only age is significantly correlated with the diagnosis of periodontitis in this population. Conclusions: A. actinomycetemcomitans is prevalent among this young Moroccan group and is somewhat more prevalent in subjects with periodontitis than the controls. However, the presence and ratio of this species to the total bacteria in subgingival plaque explained only a small proportion of the variance in periodontitis in this group. / Oral Biology

Background: Hitherto no study has been published on the effect of the adjunctive administration of essential oils following scaling and root planing (SRP). This study describes the effect of a mouthrinse consisting of essential oils (Cymbopogon flexuosus, Thymus zygis and Rosmarinus officinalis) following SRP by clinical and microbiological variables in patients with generalized moderate chronic periodontitis. Methods: Forty-six patients (aged 40–65 years) with moderate chronic periodontitis were randomized in a double-blind study and rinsed their oral cavity following SRP with an essential oil mouthrinse (n = 23) or placebo (n = 23) for 14 days. Probing depth (PD), attachment level (AL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and modified sulcus bleeding index (SBI) were recorded at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. Subgingival plaque was taken for assessment of major bacteria associated with periodontitis. Results: AL, PD, BOP and SBI were significantly improved in both groups after three (p < 0.001) and 6 months (p ≤ 0.015). AL improved significantly better in the test than in the control group after 3 and 6 months (p < 0.001), so did PD after three months in the tendency (p = 0.1). BOP improved better in the test group after 3 months (p = 0.065). Numbers of Treponema denticola (p = 0.044) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (p = 0.029) decreased more in the test than in the control group after 3 months, those of Tannerella forsythia after 6 months (p = 0.039). Prevotella micra (p < 0.001,p = 0.035) and Campylobacter rectus (p = 0.002,p = 0.012) decreased significantly in both groups after 3 months. Conclusions: The adjunctive use of a mouthrinse containing essential oils following SRP has a positive effect on clinical variables and on bacterial levels in the subgingival biofilm.

Abstract OBJECTIVES: The objective of the present study is to compare the effect of systemic adjunctive use of azithromycin with amoxicillin/metronidazole to scaling and root planing (SRP) in a clinical study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 60 individuals with chronic periodontitis were evaluated after full-mouth SRP. Antibiotics were given from the first day of SRP, in the test group (n = 29), azithromycin for 3 days and, in the control group (n = 31), amoxicillin/metronidazole for7 days. Probing depth (PD), attachment level (AL), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded at baseline and after 3 and 12 months. Gingival crevicular fluid was analyzed for matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-8 and interleukin (IL)-1beta levels. Subgingival plaque was taken for assessment of the major bacteria associated with periodontitis. RESULTS: In both groups, PD, AL, and BOP were significantly reduced (p < 0.001). A few significant differences between the groups were found; AL and BOP were significantly better in the test than in the control group at the end of the study (p = 0.020 and 0.009). Periodontopathogens were reduced most in the test group. CONCLUSIONS: A noninferiority of the treatment with azithromycin in comparison with amoxicillin/metronidazole can be stated. The administration of azithromycin could be an alternative to the use of amoxicillin/metronidazole adjunctive to SRP in patients with moderate or severe chronic periodontitis; however, a randomized placebo-controlled multicenter study is needed. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Application of azithromycin as a single antibiotic for 3 days might be considered as an additional adjunctive antibiotic to SRP in selected patients.