East Central Indiana's Gas Boom began when natural gas was discovered in 1886 and lasted until 1906 when the supply fell too short to meet the demand. The resource brought magnificent wealth to the region, as industries developed in the area and drew thousands of workers. The incredible population growth resulted in a building boom, creating new churches, houses, industrial buildings, and civic buildings. Although the resource ran out and many towns quickly decreased in population, the buildings remained as a testament to the Gas Boom years. Several styles of architecture were popular during this period, and for churches the predominant styles were Gothic Revival and Romanesque Revival. Using a sample of Gothic Revival and Romanesque Revival churches located across the nation as models, this thesis studies the Gas Boom churches of Alexandria, Elwood, and Hartford City to determine if they represented the national trends in church architecture during this period. / Department of Architecture

Este é um estudo sobre as transformações arquitetônicas e urbanísticas em São Paulo nos tempos da afirmação da República até o início da Primeira Guerra Mundial, fundamentado no registro oficial das solicitações para permissão de construir encami-­- nhadas aos órgãos públicos municipais por profissionais que atuaram no período de 1906 a 1915. Esse contingente de arquitetos, engenheiros e construtores participou ati-­- vamente da produção material que transformou a cidade provinciana colonial numa me-­- trópole eclética. A maior parte deles esteve ligada ao Escritório Técnico de Ramos de Azevedo e se envolveu nas questões do ensino e da organização profissional. A pesquisa se fundamenta no tratamento das informações constantes na Série Obras Particulares, conjunto documental que se encontra no Arquivo Histórico de São Paulo*, e busca trazer elementos de análise e avaliações de uma produção arquitetônica única que coincide com nosso Patrimônio Cultural, da qual poucos exemplares restaram na metrópole atual. Essa cidade de tijolos e alinhada à estética do Ecletismo, que iniciou mudanças e trans-­- formações impostas pelo novo regime político, permaneceu por poucas décadas, logo cedendo lugar a outra mais espalhada e verticalizada e de concreto armado que compõe a macro metrópole que conhecemos hoje. / This is a study on the architectural and urban transformations in São Paulo du-­- ring the years of consolidation of the Republic up to the beginning of World War I, based on the official record of building application permits addressed to the local government entities by professionals who were active during the 1906 to 1915 period. This contingent of architects, engineers and builders, actively participated in pro-­- ducing material that transformed a colonial provincial town into an eclectic metropolis. Most of them were linked to the Escritório Técnico de Ramos de Azevedo and be-­- came involved in issues of education and professional organisation. The research is founded on processing the information contained in the Série Obras Particulares, a set of documents found in the Arquivo Histórico de São Paulo, and seeks to convey analytical and assessment elements of a unique architectural produc-­- tion, which coincides with our Cultural Heritage, of which little remains in the current metropolis. This town made of bricks and aligned to the aesthetics of Eclecticism, which be-­- gan changes and transformations imposed by the new political regime, lasted a few de-­- cades only, quickly giving way to a more widespread and vertical and made of reinforced concrete which constitutes the macro-­-metropolis we know today.

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The problem of this study was to document the history of radio station WKY, Oklahoma City, and to locate its place within the development of American radio broadcasting. This thesis divides WKY's history into two periods: 1920 through 1925, the years it was operated by Earl Hull, and 1926 through 1989, after it was acquired by E. K. Gaylord. The purpose of this study was to record the history of the oldest radio station operating west of the Mississippi River, its effect on the broadcast industry in general, and its effect on Gaylord Broadcasting Corporation, the parent organization. The study also explored the innovations. in both programming and engineering that caused the station to grow into one of the most popular radio stations in the Southwest, as well as its decline in recent years.

This thesis "An Isolated Island: West Berlin under Willy Brandt (1961- 1966). The city behind the Berlin Wall" concentrates on West Berlin between 1961 and 1966 and on the political initiatives of Willy Brandt as a Governing Mayor of the city. The city, which became immediately after World War II a central point of Cold War tensions between the East and the West, remained after the first Berlin Crisis the last gap in the Iron Curtain, where the two worlds - the East and the West - met face to face. After the construction of the Berlin wall the city experienced a shock, which it overcame very fast, and benefited from the subsequent changes thanks to extraordinary work of the Mayor Willy Brandt. His new political style and new communicative approach to politics transformed the situation in the city and led to rapid modernization and development. He was able to secure moral, political and above all financial support for the city for a long time period, which enabled to turn the city into a "showcase of democracy in the middle of the communist sea". Such a success in West Berlin elevated Willy Brandt into the highest political posts in Federal Republic of Germany.

This study discusses how motion picture spectatorship practices in Brooklyn developed separately from that of any other urban center in the United States between 1893 and 1928. Often overshadowed by Manhattan's glamorous cultural districts, Brooklyn's cultural arbiters adopted the motion picture as a means of asserting a sense of independence from the other New York boroughs. This argument is reinforced by focusing on the motion picture's ascendancy as one of the first forms of mass entertainment to be disseminated throughout New York City in congruence with the Borough of Brooklyn's rapid urbanization. In many significant areas Brooklyn's relationship with the motion picture was largely unique from anywhere else in New York. These differences are best illuminated through several key examples ranging from the manner in which Brooklyn's political and religious authorities enforced film censorship to discussing how the motion picture was exhibited and the way theaters proliferated throughout the borough Lastly this work will address the ways in which members of the Brooklyn community influenced the production practices of the films made at several Brooklyn-based film studios. Ultimately this work sets out to explain how an independent community was able to determine its own form of cultural expression through its relationship with mass entertainment.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2002 / On title page: Master of Philosophy (Bible Skills) / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The apostle Paul was called and commissioned to the city centres of the eastern Mediterranean world. These city centres were places of power, trade, wealth and travel. They were the nerve centres of civilisation in the East. People from various parts of the Roman Empire were found in these major cities. The city was therefore a highly significant institution in the Roman Empire. The governing authorities wanted hellenization and romanization to spread from these cities. The Christian leaders also decided that Christianity had to spread in the Roman Empire from its city centres. The apostle Paul's Christian mission was therefore to the various cities in the Roman Empire. The sociohistorical realities in these cities therefore formed the context of Paul's life and apostolic work and determined his relation to a city. The political, social, cultural and religious factors in a city could therefore impinge on his life and work. The apostle Paul was usually drawn to these large cities where he could find Jewish communities. As Christianity was resting on a Jewish foundation, his initial strategy was his work in the synagogues amongst the Jews. Paul also needed an alternative venue for his Christian work in the city. These alternate venues were usually the private homes of individuals who had become Christians. In these homes Paul established his church in a city. The hosts in these homes would usually become the benefactors and leaders in the church. Paul's apostolic work in a city was also done in the city streets. His church therefore became thoroughly mixed in terms of social status, however, the church gave all equal rights and privileges. When Paul left a city, he also placed on them the responsibility to reach their surrounding regions and provinces with the Christian message. These cities therefore had to be strategically located. The apostle Paul chose five specific cities that had an advantageous geographical position in the Roman provinces to complete his apostolic work in the eastern Mediterranean world. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die apostel Paulus was geroep en opgedrag vir die stedelike sentrums van die ooste Middellandse wereld. Hierdie stedelike sentrums was plekke van invloedryke mag, ekonomiese handel, rykdom en reis aktiwitiete. Hulle was ook die kern van menslike beskawing in die Ooste. Bevolkings groepe vanuit verskeie dele van die Romeinse ryk was in hierdie groot stede te vinde. Stede was 'n hoogs betekensvolle instelling in die Romeinse ryk. Die politieke owerhede wou he dat hellenization en romanization moes sprei van hierdie stede. Die Christelike leiers het ook besluit dat Christendom moes in die stede van die Romeinse ryk sprei. Die apostel Paulus se Christelike sending was dus tot die verskillende stede in die Romeinse ryk. Die sosio-historiese realiteite in hierdie stede was die samehang van Paulus se apostoliese werk en het ook sy verhouding met die betrokke stede bepaal. Die politieke, maatskaplike, kulturele en godsdienstige faktore in 'n stad kon dus 'n invloed uitoefen op sy lewe en werk. Paulus was gewoonlik aangetrokke tot hierdie groot stede waar Joodse gemeenskappe te vinde was. Aangesien Christendom in die Joodse geloof gegrondves was, was sy aanvanklike strategie om sy werk te loots in sinagoge waar Joode te vinde was. Paulus het ook 'n alternatiewe ontmoetings plek vir sy Christelike werk in die stede nodig gehad. Hierdie alternatiewe ontmoetingsplekke was gewoonlik in die huise van indiwidue wat Christene geword het. Die eienaar van hierdie huishouding het gedien as gasheer, weldoener en leier in die kerk. Paulus het ook sy apostoliese werk voortgesit in die stedelike strate. Sy kerke het as gevolg hiervan 'n gemende samelewing status gehad, nogtans het hy gepoog om alle Christene gelykwaardig te stel. Wanneer Paulus 'n stad verlaat het, het hy het ook aan hulle die verantwoordelikheid gegee om uit te reik na hulomliggende streke en provinsies met die Christen boodskap. Hierdie stede moes dus strategies gelee wees. Paulus het vyf spesifieke stede wat 'n voordelig geologiese posisie in die Romeinse provinsies uitgeken om sy apostoliese werk te voltooi in die ooste Middellandse wereld.

This thesis discusses the promises and pitfalls of city preservation in Ouro Preto, a Brazilian city preserved nationally and hailed as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Using interviews, archival material, ethnographic observations, and the analysis of public meetings on city preservation in Ouro Preto in 2013, I study how the city's legacy as a national treasure of monumental architecture has endured until now, despite different coexisting standards of living, perceptions and uses of the city, and views of the past. In Ouro Preto, while fluctuating populations of tourists and students live mainly in the historic city centre, permanent residents often build their homes in underprivileged and marginalised areas and benefit little from their cultural heritage. Spatial exclusion and preservation policies, allegedly favouring outsiders, boost the divide between residents and newcomers, echoing the colonial past of the city. Disputes around the preservation of the cityscape invited widespread participation. One expectation of increased grassroots participation in cultural heritage sites is that it could expose varied and fluid perspectives of the city, and consequently allow for corresponding, more inclusive uses. However, when looking at local participatory practices in heritage policies, I consider the challenge for grassroots meetings to include different citizens and viewpoints, when the ability to disagree in public debates and participation are restricted by socio-economic conditions. The ethnographic character of this research offers a platform to investigate anthropological questions regarding the role, limits and expectations around cultural heritage and participatory practices in a context of varied socio-economic levels and fluid perceptions of aesthetics, history, and everyday uses of public spaces in a fragmented city.

A presente dissertação centra-se na investigação das memórias e histórias da criação do Curso de Formação de Professores em nível médio, do Colégio Estadual Trasilbo Filgueiras, localizado no bairro Jardim Catarina, no município de São Gonçalo. O recorte temporal da pesquisa concentra-se no início da oferta do referido curso os anos de 1984 e 1985. A partir de um enfoque metodológico de natureza qualitativa, buscamos em fontes documentais - arquivo permanente da instituição escolar e impressos do Jornal O SÃO GONÇALO -, em diálogo com fontes orais - narrativas dos/as moradores/as, professoras, funcionários/as e alunas egressas - indícios (GINZBURG, 1989) das histórias vividas neste espaço formativo. As questões que este trabalho de investigação se propõe a discutir são: Por que foi criado o Curso de Formação de Professores no Colégio Estadual Trasilbo Filgueiras? Que narram os sujeitos da pesquisa sobre a criação do curso na instituição? A relação memória e história são compreendidas a partir de Benjamim (1996) e Nunes (2003), em uma perspectiva de que passado é entendido como tempo presente ao ser rememorado. A escala de análise (REVEL, 1998) é utilizada como ferramenta reflexiva da interação entre os diferentes sujeitos sociais. Sujeitos sociais que cotidianamente, no âmbito da esfera local e global, constroem os processos históricos mediante suas práticas culturais, relações sociais e modos de vida. A pesquisa justifica-se pela necessidade da reflexão, da rememoração e valorização das memórias escolares e da história da formação de professores no município de São Gonçalo, com vistas ao fortalecimento das instituições públicas que a desenvolvem. Palavras-chave: Curso / This dissertation focuses on the research of memories and stories about the creation of the Secondary School Formative Course for Teachers of the Trasilbo Filgueiras State College, located in Jardim Catarina neighbourhood, in São Gonçalo city. The time frame of the research focuses on the beginning of the provision of that course - the years 1984 and 1985. From a methodological approach of qualitative nature, we seek in documentary sources - permanent archive of the school and publications of O SÃO GONÇALO newspaper -, in dialogue with oral sources - residents, teachers, staff, students and recent grads narratives - evidences (GINZBURG, 1989) of the stories told in this formative space. The questions that this research work intends to discuss are: Why the Formative Course for Teachers of the Trasilbo Filgueiras State College was created? What the research subjects narrate about the creation of the course at the institution? Memory and history relations are understood from Benjamim (1996) and Nunes (2003), in a perspective that past is understood as present time, when it is recollected. Analysis scale (REVEL, 1998) is used as a interaction reflective tool between different social subjects. Social subjects that daily, within local and global level, build the historical processes through their cultural practices, social relations and ways of life. The research is justified by the need of reflection, remembrance and appreciation of school memories and of the history of teacher education in São Gonçalo city, for the strengthening of the public institutions that develop it.

A presente dissertação centra-se na investigação das memórias e histórias da criação do Curso de Formação de Professores em nível médio, do Colégio Estadual Trasilbo Filgueiras, localizado no bairro Jardim Catarina, no município de São Gonçalo. O recorte temporal da pesquisa concentra-se no início da oferta do referido curso os anos de 1984 e 1985. A partir de um enfoque metodológico de natureza qualitativa, buscamos em fontes documentais - arquivo permanente da instituição escolar e impressos do Jornal O SÃO GONÇALO -, em diálogo com fontes orais - narrativas dos/as moradores/as, professoras, funcionários/as e alunas egressas - indícios (GINZBURG, 1989) das histórias vividas neste espaço formativo. As questões que este trabalho de investigação se propõe a discutir são: Por que foi criado o Curso de Formação de Professores no Colégio Estadual Trasilbo Filgueiras? Que narram os sujeitos da pesquisa sobre a criação do curso na instituição? A relação memória e história são compreendidas a partir de Benjamim (1996) e Nunes (2003), em uma perspectiva de que passado é entendido como tempo presente ao ser rememorado. A escala de análise (REVEL, 1998) é utilizada como ferramenta reflexiva da interação entre os diferentes sujeitos sociais. Sujeitos sociais que cotidianamente, no âmbito da esfera local e global, constroem os processos históricos mediante suas práticas culturais, relações sociais e modos de vida. A pesquisa justifica-se pela necessidade da reflexão, da rememoração e valorização das memórias escolares e da história da formação de professores no município de São Gonçalo, com vistas ao fortalecimento das instituições públicas que a desenvolvem. Palavras-chave: Curso / This dissertation focuses on the research of memories and stories about the creation of the Secondary School Formative Course for Teachers of the Trasilbo Filgueiras State College, located in Jardim Catarina neighbourhood, in São Gonçalo city. The time frame of the research focuses on the beginning of the provision of that course - the years 1984 and 1985. From a methodological approach of qualitative nature, we seek in documentary sources - permanent archive of the school and publications of O SÃO GONÇALO newspaper -, in dialogue with oral sources - residents, teachers, staff, students and recent grads narratives - evidences (GINZBURG, 1989) of the stories told in this formative space. The questions that this research work intends to discuss are: Why the Formative Course for Teachers of the Trasilbo Filgueiras State College was created? What the research subjects narrate about the creation of the course at the institution? Memory and history relations are understood from Benjamim (1996) and Nunes (2003), in a perspective that past is understood as present time, when it is recollected. Analysis scale (REVEL, 1998) is used as a interaction reflective tool between different social subjects. Social subjects that daily, within local and global level, build the historical processes through their cultural practices, social relations and ways of life. The research is justified by the need of reflection, remembrance and appreciation of school memories and of the history of teacher education in São Gonçalo city, for the strengthening of the public institutions that develop it.