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Optimering av lagerplatser för returemballage : En fallstudie på Linde Gas AB i Enköping / Stock Location Optimization : A case study at Linde Gas AB in EnköpingOlausson, Rebecka January 2020 (has links)
Undersökningen är uppbyggd av en kvantitativ fallstudie, där en datainsamling i form av företagsinterna dokument och intervjuer har utförts för att kunna besvara studiens syfte och frågeställningar. För skapa ett underlag som ska styrka den insamlade datan från fallstudien har även en sökning efter lämpliga teorier och metoder genomförts med fokus på studentlitteratur och vetenskapliga artiklar tillhörande ämnesområdet. Syftet med denna studie är att optimera antalet cylindrar på Linde Gas AB i Enköping genom att effektivisera materialflödet för industrigaser på anläggningen. Den pågående centraliseringen av Lindes fabriker, där flertalet verksamheter konsolideras till Enköping, bidrar till ett överskott av cylindrar. Ett överskott som skapar oreda bland cylindrarna i det operativa flödet. Detta leder i sin tur till onödigt långa körtider för truckförarna att hämta och lämna cylindrar på lagerhållningsytan, där både tomma och fulla cylindrar lagerhålls. Resultatet av studien visar på en viss osäkerhet i systemtillförlitligheten, vilket innebär att lagersaldot som redovisas i systemet inte överensstämmer med det verkliga lagersaldot. Detta visar därmed på en låg grad av lagersaldosäkerhet i det systemstödet SAP. Resultat från intervjuer och granskning av dokument indikerar även på att det finns ett överskott av cylindrar på anläggningen i Enköping, men på grund av osäkerheten i lagersaldot är det omöjligt att göra en kvantifierad bedömning av hur stort överskottet är. Av resultatet framgår även att det finns två typer av överskott, ett permanent överskott och ett säsongsvarierande överskott. Studien kommer därmed fram till att de överskottscylindrar som inte tillför någon nytta i det operativa flödet bör förflyttas till en alternativ lagerhållningsyta på anläggningen i Enköping. De säsongsvarierande produkterna beräknas återgå till det operativa flödet inför högsäsong igen medan det permanenta överskottet inte beräknas återgå till det operativa flödet utan bör snarare undersökas vidare för eventuell förflyttning till en annan anläggning. Analyser av resultatet med hjälp av metoder och verktyg som processkartläggning, materialflödesanalys, processanalysschema samt kostnadsanalyser genererar slutligen ett förbättringsförslag i form av en rutinbeskrivning för hur Linde bör hantera det överskott som finns. Denna rutinbeskrivning bör utifrån ett lean- och ekonomiskt perspektiv implementeras tidigt i materialflödet för att undanflyttningen ska generera en besparing i form av att eliminera slöserier som överproduktion, onödig truckkörning och stora buffertlager. De slutsatser som dras är dock att Linde bör uppdatera sina grundläggande stödprocesser för bland annat utförandet av inventeringar, innan en implementering av den rutinbeskrivning som tagits fram i denna studie är möjlig att genomföra. / This is primary a quantitative case study based on data that has been collected in terms of internal documents and interviews. This has been done to make sure to answer the purpose and questions of statement in this study. In order to create a foundation that will support the data collected from the case study, suitable theories and methods has also been collected by focusing on student literature and scientific articles related to the subject area. The purpose of this study is to optimize the number of cylinders at Linde Gas AB in Enköping by mapping the material flow for industrial gases at the plant. The ongoing centralization of Lindes´ plants in Sweden, in which some plants are consolidating their operations to Enköping, contributes to an excess of cylinders. An excess that creates disorder among the cylinders in the operational flow. This also leads to unnecessarily long driving times for truck drivers to pick and unload cylinders on the storage location, where both empty and full cylinders are being stored. The results of the study are showing a certain insecurity in the system reliability, which means that the stock levels that are reported in the system do not match the actual stock levels at the site. This indicates a low degree of stock accuracy in the support system SAP. Results from interviews and reviews of documents also indicates that there is an excess of cylinders at site in Enköping, but uncertainties in stock accuracy makes it impossible to estimate the extent of the excess there is. The result also shows that there are two types of excess, a permanent excess and a seasonally varying excess. The conclusion is that the excess cylinders that do not add any benefit in the operational flow should be moved to an alternative storage area at the plant in Enköping. Where the seasonally varying products are expected to return in the operational flow in times of high season, while the permanent excess is not expected to return in the operational flow, but should instead be further investigated for possible relocation to another facility. Analyzes of the results has been made by using methods and tools in terms of process mapping, material flow analysis, process analysis schedule and cost analysis. This is generating an improvement proposal in terms of a routine description of how Linde should handle the excess at site. This routine description should be based on a lean- and economic perspective, being implemented as early on in the material flow as possible to make sure that the transportation of cylinders will be generating savings in order to eliminate waste, such as overproduction, unnecessary truck driving and large stocks. The conclusion is however that Linde should update their supportive processes of how inventories should be done, before an implementation of the routine description presented in this study is possible.
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A Framework Based on Social Network Analysis (SNA) to Evaluate Facilities and Alternative Network Designs for Closed Loop Supply ChainsAkbar Ghanadian, Sara 16 September 2020 (has links)
No description available.
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Developing a closed-loop supply chain to eliminate Single Use Plastic products : Implementing Circular Economy practices driven by EU commission directivesOttosson, Elsa, Oweini, Rania January 2023 (has links)
Single use plastic products (SUPs) are a primary cause of plastic pollution causing significant environmental harm. These products have little to no value after use and are challenging to recycle cost efficiently. In a bid to combat this issue and foster circular economy, the European Union has declared a series of directives to gradually phase out SUPs as a strategy to eliminate these disposables from the market. This approach allows the market time to discover alternative solutions to replace SUPs, promoting the adoption of reusable products. To make a sustainable system of reusable products feasible and profitable, the key lies in devising a business model designed for a circular strategy of repeated use of goods. One effective approach involves establishing a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) which entails the entire life cycle of a product, from sourcing raw materials, through manufacturing, utilisation, collection, reverse logistics and recycling. The purpose of this study was to develop a CLSC system for reusable plastic products between a plastic producing small or medium sized enterprise (SME) and an incumbent firm customer to attain a smooth transition from linear to circular economy. Employing an inductive approach, this case study considered the EU-directives as observational data, the change of business model as the result, and a general recommendation as the rule. The research method encompassed conducted interviews, mathematical prototyping, product design, and life cycle analysis, using various tools and methods in the process. Two case companies were involved: one large incumbent firm and one plastic producing SME. The aim was to design a circular business model (CBM) to capture the value of the collaboration between these two companies. After an analysation of the current situation, the main obstacles to a successful transition were identified. A comprehensive solution was developed, including a network of partners for the CLSC, a reusable product design, and the necessary implementation calculations. The finalised business model was anchored in the principles of the CLSC, the product design specifications and the calculations that determined the system’s viability. Implementation of the CBM would yield economic advantages for both stakeholders, as well as an improved green image factor and advancement in circular economy. Furthermore, this transition would cultivate valuable and lasting business relationships for both companies. These case findings harmonise with established theories which emphasise the significance of business models that are dependent on collaboration and long-term strategic planning. Lastly, they also underscore that value is created in product utilisation and not ownership.
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