Idag tillämpar nästan alla verksamheter någon form av affärssystem och har kommit att bli ett betydande system för verksamheter. Under de senaste åren har även molnbaserade affärssystem vuxit fram vilket möjliggör verksamheter att använda hela eller delar av sitt affärssystem över internet istället för att behöva sköta all hantering av det fysiska lokalt. Det molnbaserade affärssystemet kan leda till flera fördelar för verksamheter då det kan öka flexibiliteten, skalbarheten och minska kostnader. Det blir bara fler verksamheter som väljer att gå över till det molnbaserade dock finns det vissa som arbetar kvar med det traditionella. Med utgångspunkt från detta är syftet med denna studie att se vilka aspekter det är som påverkar valet att gå från det traditionella affärssystemet till ett molnbaserat. För studien har tidigare litteratur studerats och intervjuer har genomförts för insamling av empiri. Tidigare forskning ligger till grund för det teoretiska ramverk som ligger till grund för de intervjufrågor som tagits fram. Det har intervjuats tre olika respondenter där alla har god förståelse kring ämnet och antingen arbetar i ett affärssystem eller arbetar som leverantör av dem. Det har främst ställts frågor kring de fem olika aspekter som vi anser varit betydelsefulla i denna studie. Men även frågor kring fördelar och nackdelar av de olika affärssystemen. Detta har krävts för att vi författare ska få en så god förståelse kring ämnet som möjligt. Utifrån det insamlade teoretiska material och empiri utfördes en analys där den tidigare litteraturen framfördes mot den insamlade empirin för att kunna få fram en helhetsbild över hur verksamheten förhåller sig kring ämnet och vilka aspekter det ser är betydande vid valet av affärssystem. Avslutningvis leder detta fram till en slutsats som presenteras med de allra mest väsentliga aspekter som har kommit fram i studien.

Nowadays, Cloud Technologies are commonly used for a lot of large organizations to aid knowledge sharing.  This brings some benefits to the organization by reducing the cost of the charges, improve security, enhance content accessibility, improve efficiency etc. On the other hand, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) tend to manage their information in more informal way by not using the specific language or terminology of KM. Moreover, Small and Medium enterprises do not trust the adoption of cloud-based techniques for managing information for many reasons that discussed later. This thesis tries to provide the benefits and drawbacks of cloud-based Knowledge Management techniques in Greek SMEs and also to find how knowledge processes are used in Greek SMEs according to cloud-based Knowledge Management techniques. Also, through this work I will come up with the benefits and drawbacks of applying cloud-based techniques for managing information-knowledge in SMEs. To accomplish this, I derived with a methodology that is based on qualitative approach. More specifically, I provide an exhaustive literature review and then I contacted with five SMEs in Greece to explore, using different techniques, if these SMEs can benefit from the cloud-based Knowledge Management techniques and how indent are for adopting cloud-based Knowledge Management techniques in their organization. I realized that three of the SMEs are using cloud-based techniques for Knowledge Management, where the two of them does not. To be more specific one of these two SMEs does not manage its knowledge at all. However, all of the five organizations showed a great interest to adopt cloud-based and information system technologies for Knowledge Management. At the end, this work comes up with the following important findings and insights, as well: Cloud-based Knowledge Management techniques can bring a lot of benefits in terms of cost savings and performance. However, this suits the right and efficiently use of cloud-based techniques. The lack of using efficiently cloud-based Knowledge Management techniques may lead to some drawbacks, such as reduction on the performance of the organization and reduction on the savings.   This thesis also discusses some points for future direction such as the analysis of a larger space of organizations, the investigation of quantitative analysis and also the combination of both (qualitative and quantitative).

Som en konsekvens av den tekniska utvecklingen levereras affärssystem alltmer som en molntjänst. Detta innebär att IT-konsulters värdeskapande förändras vid implementering av molnbaserade affärssystem. Besitter IT-konsulterna inte rätt expertis kan det leda till felaktiga beslut samt ineffektiva lösningar. Därmed är det av yttersta vikt att undersöka hur IT-konsulters värdeskapande förändras som konsekvens av implementeringen och användandet av molnbaserade affärssystem. Syftet med studien är att bidra med ny kunskap om hur IT-konsulters värdeskapande kompetens och aktiviteter förändras som konsekvens av implementeringen och användandet av molnbaserade affärssystem. Med hjälp av datadriven tematisk analys har studien undersökt hur IT-konsulters värdeskapande förändras. I studiens slutsats presenteras sex förändringar i hur IT-konsulters värdeskapande kompetens och aktiviteter förändras som konsekvens av implementeringen och användandet av molnbaserade affärssystem. Ett exempel är att IT-konsulters värdeskapande blir att anpassa kundorganisationers affärsprocesser snarare än systemets processer. / Because of the technological development, Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are increasingly being delivered as a cloud service. This means that IT consultants' value creation may change when implementing cloud-based ERP-systems. If the IT consultants do not possess right expertise, it can lead to erroneous decisions and ineffective solutions. Thus, it is of the utmost importance to investigate how IT consultants' value creation has changed because of the implementation and use of cloud-based ERP-systems. The purpose of the study is to contribute new knowledge about how IT consultants' value-creating skills and activities changes because of the implementation and use of cloud-based ERP-systems. By using a data-driven thematic analysis the study examined how IT consultants' value creation changed because of cloud-based ERP-systems. The study's conclusion presents six changes in how IT consultants' value-creating skills and activities change because of the implementation and use of cloud-based ERP-systems. An example is that IT consultants' value-creation will be to adapt customer organizations' business processes rather than the system's processes.

Climate change is being fought with policies and measures implemented worldwide to reduce Greenhouse Gases (GHG). One of these policies is to reduce the use of fossil fuels because they accelerate climate change and harm human health through pollution. The automotive industry is a significant player in this transition. The automotive industry is shifting from vehicles powered by a fossil energy powertrain to one that consumes clean energy. The industry is moving towards electric mobility, but this technology has a disadvantage compared to traditional mobility. Electric Vehicles (EVs) need more time to regain their range than conventional vehicles (CV) that use fossil fuels, a massive reason why users do not adopt this technology. This thesis focuses on an optimised charging process to make EVs a realistic alternative for user transport and meet the Paris Climate Accords goals. To this end, a study has been carried out analysing various points and technologies such as Electro-Mobility (e-mobility), recharging technologies, or Cloud-based systems that could optimise the charging process and have a scalable, scalable system that all EVs can use. This project has used the Internet of Things (IoT) to enable EVs to communicate with charging stations in a reliable manner with a scalable system. In addition, it has been possible to store data in the cloud, where it is processed in real-time, and mathematical equations have been developed in the python programming language. The user has access to the information through an interface that allows them to check the most optimal charging points (CPs) in different categories such as total charging time, distance from the various stations, charging total price and the CPs services. These technologies used in this thesis will contribute to optimising the charging process, leaving the door open to future developments in the e-mobility field. / <p>Universidad de Granada, Spanien och  Universidad de Málaga, Spanien</p>

An organization with such a big responsibility as the Swedish armed forces constantly needs to find new ways to develop and increase their effectiveness when it comes to management, administration and organization. An information system with cloud computing as a basis would mean a modernization of the Swedish armed force’s administration and could potentially live up to the security standards within the organization. The primary goal of the thesis is to present and analyze cloud solutions that the Swedish armed forces eventually could integrate in to their activities. The first part of the thesis gives an introduction to the cloud technology with the security aspects of a cloud as a large part of the focus. This is followed by information about the Swedish armed forces and their current IT-systems, as well as information on the requirements they have for the implementation of new IT-systems within the organization. Two different cloud services from VMware and Cloudstack have been examined in order to see whether these could be used for a future implementation. The focus of the analysis lies heavily on the security issues and questions, that arise, for each solution, as the security aspect is something that is very important for the Swedish armed forces. The thesis also touches on the economical benefits and economical difficulties associated with cloud service implementation. The purpose of this is to see whether an eventual implementation is beneficial or not. / En organisation med ett så stort ansvar som Försvarsmakten behöver ständigt nya sätt att utvecklas och effektivisera sin drift, administration och organisation. Ett informationshanteringssystem i molnmiljö som grund skulle innebära en modernisering av administrationen inom organisationen och har potentialen att uppfylla Försvarsmaktens förbättringskrav. Arbetet har som huvudmål att ta fram och analysera lösningsförslag för hur Försvarsmakten skulle kunna använda sig av molnbaserade IT-system. I den första delen av arbetet ges en grundläggande introduktion till molnteknologin som även innefattar säkerhetsaspekter. Efter detta presenteras allmän information om Försvarsmakten, deras nuvarande IT-system samt de krav som ställs när det kommer till implementation av nya IT-system inom organisationen. Två olika molntjänster från WMware och Cloudstack undersöks för att se hur dessa skulle kunna användas för en eventuell implementation inom Försvarsmakten. Analysen av de två olika molntjänsterna fokuserar främst på säkerhetsaspekter, då det är ett viktigt fokusområde för Försvarsmakten. Ett annat område som arbetet har som syfte att undersöka är ekonomin för molntjänster. Detta för att se om en eventuell implementation är lönsam för Försvarsmakten eller inte.

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Many Online Web Services (OWSs) today, such as Flickr and Twitter, provide users with the possibility to post images that are stored on the platform for free. This thesis explores creating a cryptographically secure filesystem that stores its data on an online web service by encoding the encrypted data as images. Images have been selected as the target as more data can usually be stored in image posts than text posts on OWS. The proposed filesystem, named Fejk Filesystem (FFS), provides users with free, deniable, and cryptographic storage by exploiting the storage provided by online web services. The thesis analyzes and compares the performance of FFS against two other filesystems and a version of FFS that does not use an OWS. While FFS has performance limitations that make it non-viable as a general-purpose filesystem, such as a substitute for the local filesystem on a computer; however, FFS provides security benefits compared to other cloud-based filesystems specifically by providing end-to-end encryption, authenticated encryption, and plausible deniability of the data. Furthermore, being a cloud-based filesystem, FFS can be mounted on any computer with the same operating system, given the correct secrets. / Flertalet webbtjänster idag, så som Flickr och Twitter, tillhandahåller möjligheten att lägga upp bilder som lagras på tjänsten utan kostnad. Denna avhandling utforskar en ide om att skapa ett kryptografiskt säkert filsystem som lagrar sin data på webbtjänster med hjälp av kodade och krypterade bilder. Mer data kan ofta lagras i bildinlägg än i textinlägg på webbtjänsterna. Filsystemet, döpt Fejk Filesystem (FFS), tillhandahåller användare med gratis, förnekningsbar, och kryptografisk lagring genom att utnyttja det lagringsutrymme som tillhandahålls av dessa webbtjänster. Avhandlingen analyserar och jämför prestandan hos FFS med två andra filsystem, samt en version av FFS som inte använder en webbtjänst. En slutsats som kan dras är att FFS har begränsningar i prestanda, vilket gör det ohållbart som ett generellt-ändamålsfilssystem, till exempel som ersättare för det lokala filsystemet på en dator. Däremot tillhandahåller det säkerhetsförmåner jämfört med andra molnbaserade filsystem, så som början-till-slutetkryptering, autentiserad kryptering, samt sannolik förnekningsbarhet av datan. Dessutom, som ett molnbaserat filsystem kan FFS monteras på vilken dator som helst med samma operativsystem, givet de korrekta nycklarna.

Background: ERP systems constitute the technological ‘backbone’ for organisations since all business process are mapped within the system. In the recent years, there is a transition to cloud-based ERP systems that large companies consider following. The implementation of a CERP system is a joint effort between the adopting company and the consultancy. Therefore, CSFs need to be defined that are essential for the success of the CERP project from both the consultant and client-side project manager perspective.  Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to analyse how consultants and client-side project managers perceive CSFs for the successful implementation of a cloud-based ERP system in large companies. Herein, commonalties in perception as well as perception gaps were analysed. Method: This study adopted an abductive qualitative approach. A multiple case study including seven cases was carried out. The empirical data was collected through semi-structured interviews. A cross-case analysis was carried out to shed light on commonalties in perceptions as well as perception gap and the reasoning behind it. The findings were then compared to existing literature. Conclusion: The findings of these study discovered that there are commonalties in perceptions as well as perception gaps of the CSFs. Most importantly, the CSFs ‘Communication’, ‘Involvement of users and training’ as well as ‘System testing’ are deemed as critical by both consultants and client-side project managers.

Production automation as a service (PAaaS) is seen as a new trend that enables the possibility to use production automation technologies as a service. The technologies are cloud-based which makes the implementation of production automation more effective and cost-effective. This approach is attractive to the companies that have a limited capital investment. The purpose of this thesis was to analyse and understand the implementation of Production Automation as a Service (PAaaS) in the manufacturing industry. In order to understand its implementation, it is important to know what the drivers and benefits with PAaaS implementation and what challenges there are and how to overcome them for a successful implementation. To provide with a comprehensive answer and conclusion about PAaaS implementation in the manufacturing industry the following research questions was studied:1. What are the drivers and benefits of PAaaS implementation in the manufacturing industry, and what needs does it fulfil?2. What are the challenges of implementing PAaaS in the manufacturing industry, and how can they be overcome for a successful implementation and scale-up?To be able to answer these questions, a qualitative research study based on literature review and interviews was conducted. The combination between the literature and the real-life experience in PAaaS implementation provided a greater understanding of the concept. The aim of the research questions is to provide guidance and recommendation for companies seeking for a successful implementation of PAaaS which leads to improved operational efficiency and the ability to utilise the technological advancement provided through PAaaS. The approach applied in this study has been qualitative research with an abductive research approach. By obtaining data through scientific articles and interviews it was possible to analyse it more in-depth in order to find similarities between them.In conclusion, PAaaS implementation in the manufacturing industry provides with key benefits such as cost-effectiveness, improved flexibility, scalability, productivity, efficiency, and improved product quality. These benefits fulfil several needs of manufacturing companies such as being more flexible and being able to use automated solutions at a lower cost. These needs also act as the drivers for the implementation of PAaaS. The drivers are an important aspect of PAaaS implementation, because without any drive and motivation, there won’t be any implementation of PAaaS that can fulfil a certain need of the company. The drivers and motivation for a PAaaS implementation in the manufacturing industry is the possibility for a business model transformation and the technological advancements that the manufacturer gain with the implementation.In addition, there are key challenges that makes the PAaaS implementation more complex for the manufacturing companies. These challenges are, Integration with legacy systems, internet dependency and lack of expertise and knowledge. To able to achieve a successful implementation, it is important to address the challenges, by addressing these problems it was possible to provide with strategies on how to overcome them. Which lays the foundation for future research about this topic.

Digitalization has been going on for a long period of time and has affected large parts of society. Accounting is one of the areas where digitalization has been crucial for efficiency and improved systems. Cloud-based accounting systems, offered by various cloud providers, are one of these systems that has been affected. Collection of data has taken place through a qualitative structure with a multiple case study design, all interviewees have been involved in decision-making around cloud-based accounting systems. By using the service model, TAM-model and TOE-framework, an analysis has been made based on cloud services and what they offer. Based on previous research and the collected data, the service model shows that the advantages of implementing cloud-based accounting systems are cost savings and flexibility. Previous research mentions that the disadvantages of implementation are aspects regarding security and privacy which the collected data partly confirms, however it also shows that developments have taken place in the area. The TAM-model examines factors that influence the acceptance and adoption of cloud- based accounting systems based on usability and ease of use. Previous research and collected data show a positive correlation between these variables and cloud-based accounting systems. The TOE-framework includes factors that influence technology use and technology adoption of cloud-based accounting systems based on technical, organizational and environmental aspects. Previous research and collected data show a positive correlation between these aspects and cloud- based accounting systems.