businesses,butfortextilecompaniesinparticular.ManyarethecompaniestoadaptanowndefinitionofCSRandassumeresponsibilityforhumanrightviaCodesofConduct.Theproblem,ontheotherhand,ariseswhenthesetextilecompanieslackknowledgeandroutineregardingrealizationoftheirpurposesonimprovementworkonfactorylevel.ThesolutionforseveralSwedishtextilecompaniesisequaltooutsourcingtheimplementationofCSRaccordingtotheirCodeofConducttoexternalauditors.However,whencontractinganintermediary,questionscanbeaskedregardingifthecompany’sattitudeanddefinitionofCSRstillwillbereflectedontothefactoryhandornot.Further,sparseresearchofexternalauditorsexistsbutdespiteofthisexternalauditorshavebeenpointedoutasineffective.ThepurposewiththisstudyistomapoutattitudesandmotivesforCSRactivities,withtheaimtocreateanunderstandingamongthreeactorsinasupplychain–theCompany,theAuditorandtheFactory.ThisapproachprovidesaholisticperspectivetointerprethowaSwedishSMEcantakeadvantageofanexternalauditorwhenimplementingitsCodeofConductalignedwithitssupplychaininaqualitymethod,basedoninterviewsandobservations.Theempiricalresultistobeanalysedthroughanexploratorystrategytodeliverthecontributedconclusion.ThecontributionofthisstudyisthusthatSwedishSMEslackknowledgeandexperiencewhenimplementingaCodeofConductwithinthesupplychain.ItisholdthatSwedishSMEscouldtakeadvantageofexternalauditorstoeludetheabovementionedproblem,sincesupportforexternalauditorsasnotineffectivehavebeenfound.ToformulateaCodeofConducttogetherwithitssupplierisfortheSMEadvisable,duetotheprospectsofinvolvingtheactordirectlyaffectedoftheCodeofConductintotheconstructionofit.Bythewayofconclusionindicatorsindicatingthatintheend,CSRisallaboutmoney,consideredfromallactors’perspective.CSRärenständigtaktuelltillikaväxandefrågaförföretagiallmänhetmenkanskeförtextilaföretagisynnerhet.MångaföretagskaparsinegendefinitionavCSRochsocialtansvarstagandeochämnarförverkligadessagenomenCodeofConduct.Problematikkanåandrasidanuppstådåföretagetifrågasaknarkunskapomochrutinerkringimplementeringavförverkligandetavsinaförbättrandeavsikterpåfabrik.LösningenförflerasvenskatextilföretagärsynonymmedattoutsourcaimplementeringenavCSRienighetmedsinCodeofConducttillenexternauditör.DockuppstårfrågorkringföretagetsattitydtillochdefinitionavCSRkommerattavspeglashosfabriksarbetarenomförmedlandetavdenskerviaentredjepart.Tilläggaskanattdetännufinnsrelativtsparsamforskningomjustexternaauditörerochdessinverkaniförsörjningskedjanmenattdenforskningsomfaktisktfinnspekarutexternaauditörersomineffektiva.SyftetmeddennauppsatsärattkartläggaattityderochmotivrörandeCSRförattskapaenförståelsemellanolikaparterienförsörjningskedjaochpåsåsätttolka,utifrånetthelhetsperspektiv,hurensvenskSMEkananvändasigavenexternauditörförattimplementeraenCodeofConductiförsörjningskedjan.Uppsatsenharfokuseratpåatthittaförståelseienstudiegjordifältmedutvaldapartersomidagslägetärintressantaattundersöka.Studienhargjortsutifrånenfallstudiemedtreaktörer,därenkvalitativmetodtillämpatsförattintervjuaochobserveraordochhandling.Empirinharanalyseratsutefterenutforskandestrategiförattnådeslutsatsersomvihärmedämnabidramed.BidragetfråndennastudieärsåledesattsvenskaSME:ssaknarkunskapocherfarenhetförattarbetamedenimplementeringavenCodeofConduct.VianserattsvenskaSME:sböranvändasigavenexternauditörförattkringgåproblemetjustnämntdåvifunnitbeläggsommotsättersigteorinsompekarmotineffektivautföranden.ViharfunnitstarkbetydelseiattupprättaenCodeofConductisamrådmedallapartersomberörsavden.AvslutningsvisharvihittatindikatorerpåattCSRislutändanhandlarompengar,settutifrånallapartersperspektiv. / Program: Textilekonomutbildningen

Among the top Fortune 100 U.S. companies, 97% claim to be global business citizens, primarily based on self-evaluated qualitative criteria. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional survey design study was to develop a self-administered survey and apply it to calculate a composite index rating that assesses the maturity level a company has attained toward becoming a global business citizen. The theoretical framework underpinning the research was based on the theory of global business citizenship (GBC) and accompanying four-step implementation process. The GBC theory was utilized to develop the research survey consisting of 1 qualifying question and 22 Likert-type questions. The survey was administered to a qualified random sample of business executives in the United States with 172 usable responses received. These survey questions were then rationalized via exploratory factor analysis (EFA). EFA identified ten key questions with strong eigenvalues and grouped the interrelated items into three factors. Subsequently, the EFA-computed eigenvalues were used to develop a composite index formula. The key findings revealed that only three factors explained 70% of the variance and were named VALUE, IMPLEMENT, and LEARN, as proposed in the GBC theory itself. Questions related to the ANALY step of the GBC theory were not significant. Social change benefits include providing business leaders with a quantitative tool to help communicate to their stakeholders the steps they have achieved toward becoming a global business citizen.

Thesis (MPA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2015 / The Department of Justice and Constitutional Development has been mandated by the government of the day to render accessible, fair, speedy and cost effective administration of justice in the interest of a safer and more secure South Africa. The department then set service standards to be able to achieve its goals. Like other departments in the country, the department of Justice has officials who perform duties to ensure that service is delivered to people. These officials have to conduct themselves in an acceptable manner prescribed by the employer. Since the code of conduct has been developed to promote and maintain high standard of professional ethics throughout the public service, the code of conduct is mandatory if effective service delivery is to reach all South Africans. Public servants must ensure that their conduct conforms to the basic values and principles governing public administration. The research focused on how discipline is managed in Malamulele cluster magistrate’s courts, in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Qualitative research methodology was used. Results indicated that some structures and individuals know their roles and responsibilities in management of discipline, however the understanding is only to a certain extent. Managers have been made to believe that it is proper to attend only less serious misconducts and refer the serious ones to the labour relations section at the regional level. Recommendations were advanced on activities that need to be performed in order for discipline to be well managed.

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Title: Conscious purchasing - Securing the purchasing process in the apparel industry Authors: Jakob Bank, Emma Sjödoff and Helena Zebergs Tutor: Roger Stokkedal Examiner: Helena Forslund Background: There has been several scandals within the apparel industry and due to this brand owners of apparel companies has started to offer their customers’ alternative products, which has been manufactured in a more conscious and sustainable way. The purchasing process has thereby become more complex including multiple criteria such as social and environmental considerations which have to be fulfilled by their suppliers. Purpose: To describe how Swedish brand owners of apparel companies select their supplier for their conscious collections, which sustainability policies they include in contracts with their selected suppliers and how they evaluate these suppliers in regard to the brand owners’ policy on sustainability. Method: This thesis was conducted using qualitative semi-structured interviews and a deductive approach. Several sampling methods was used which led to the involved companies who were interviewed through both structured as well as semi-structured interviews. Conclusion: Swedish brand owners of apparel companies select their suppliers based on how well they fulfil their demands, and if there is a possibility to establish a long term relationship. They include different sustainability policies in their contracts, but all suppliers need to approve the brand owners CoC as well as use organic cotton. The evaluation visits are conducted, but the evaluation responsible, how often it takes place and the duration of the visit depends on the brand owner.

Schools and other educational institutions mirror the violence and moral decay in South African society. Maintaining discipline therefore in schools these days is a difficult task. There are many factors influencing learner behavior and in this study we investigate to see what impact a code of conduct has on learner behavior in selected schools. I adopted a qualitative approach to answer the research questions that sought to explore whether or not intent of the codes of conduct in sampled schools is primarily moral or administrative, whether the learners in the public secondary schools selected are generally well-behaved, whether or not there is a relationship between learner behaviour and the codes of conduct at the selected schools and whether or not the infusion of values into codes of conduct in general might affect learner behaviour. A case study involving three high schools was conducted. Data was collected through document analysis, interviews and questionnaires. It has emerged in the findings that, with regard to learner behavior, there is a clear link between learner behaviour and the culture of the school concerned as well as between the culture of the school and the culture of the community that is served by the schools. Regarding the impact that existing codes of conduct have on learner behavior, it seems that the impact that a code can have is related to its development and implementation process. Due to these findings, it seems clear that values need to be considered in the development of a code of conduct. This may lead to a positive relationship between learner behavior and codes of conducts for learners. The study hopes to contribute to the existing body of knowledge and will be useful to school governing bodies, principals and educators by enabling them to see the benefits that a code of conduct could have on learner behaviour when values are included in the developmental and implementation process. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

The thesis "Lobbying and its regulation in the Czech Republic" deals with the theoretical and practical aspects of lobbying regulation. Its aim is to make a comprehensive and effective regulation of the campaign for the Czech Republic. It first examines basic terms: lobbying, lobbyists and public officials. It provides a theoretical overview of the lobbying regulation tools. The thesis describes two forms of regulation which are self-regulation and regulation by law. A separate chapter is devoted to demark lobbying from corruption. The following chapter provides an overview of lobbying regulation in the selected countries. This analysis shows the various options and approaches to lobbying regulations, which is reflected in adjustments to the individual states. In practice the use of rights and obligations for lobbyists, a lobbying group or both simultaneously. Attention is also given to attempts made to regulate lobbying in the Czech Republic. So far, however, none of them have been applied in practice. Based on findings from previous chapters and assessment of the state regulation of lobbying in the Czech Republic, there are suggested basic principles of regulation for this activity. The final chapter presents the outcome of the thesis and gives us a specific list of measures that are...

Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur ansvarstagande för att följa organisationers uppförandekod skapas bland medarbetarna i organisationen. Metod: Studien är kvalitativ med abduktiv ansats och består av en förstudie och åtta semi-strukturerade intervjuer med medarbetare på en svensk bank.  Resultat och slutsats: Resultatet visar att både formella och informella styrningsmetoder påverkar ansvarstagande till att följa uppförandekoden. Ansvarstagande skapas vidare till stor del i relation till andra, både medarbetare och också kunder. Den här studien visar att även kunden påverkar medarbetarens ansvarstagande för att följa uppförandekoden, att medarbetarna känner ansvar för att agera i enlighet med koden för att kunna hjälpa sina kunder på bästa sätt. Examensarbetes bidrag: Den här studien bidrar till kunskap om hur ansvarstagande för att följa uppförandekoden skapas hos medarbetare inom banksektorn. Studien visar att medarbetarnas ansvarstagande påverkas av både formell och informell styrning. Studien visar vidare att också kunden, inte bara andra medarbetare, är en del i det socialiserande ansvarstagandet som påverkar etiskt agerande och att följa organisationens uppförandekod. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Förslag till framtida studier är att genomföra liknande studier inom olika kontexter för att undersöka hur banksektorn skiljer sig åt jämfört andra sektorer. Det vore vidare intressant att intervjua personer på olika nivåer, till exempel mellanchefer och chefer högre upp i organisationen, och undersöka hur ansvarstagande för att agera etiskt och följa uppförandekoden skapas hos dem. Det vore sedan intressant att jämföra hur ansvarsskapande sker beroende på var i organisationens hierarki man befinner sig. / Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate how accountability among an organisations employees is created when it comes to following the organisation’s code of conduct.  Method: The study is qualitative with an abductive approach and consists of one pilot study and eight semi-structured interviews with employees at a Swedish bank. Results and conclusions: The results show that both formal and informal management control influence accountability for following the code of conduct. Accountability is further created to a large extent in relation to others, both employees and also customers. This study shows that the customer influences the employee's accountability for following the code of conduct, and that the employees feel responsible for acting in accordance with the code in order to be able to help their customers in the best way.  Contribution of the thesis: This study contributes to knowledge about how accountability for following the code of conduct is created in the banking sector’s employees. The study shows that employees' accountability is affected by both formal and informal management control. The study further shows that the customer, not just other employees, is part of the social accountability that affects ethical behavior and following the organization's code of conduct.  Suggestions for future research: We propose future studies to carry out similar studies within different contexts to investigate how the banking sector differs compared to other sectors. It would also be interesting to interview people at different levels, for example middle managers and managers higher up in the organization, and investigate how taking accountability for acting ethically and following the code of conduct is created in them. It would then be interesting to compare how accountability creation takes place depending on where in the organization's hierarchy you are.

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Studiens syfte har varit att få en djupare kunskap och förståelse för hur multinationella företags uppförandekoder fungerar som strategiska kunskapshanteringsverktyg för att fostra företagens medarbetare. Arbetets frågeställningar har varit; “Hur är företagens uppförandekoder utformade?”, “Hur framträder medarbetaren som intressent i företagens uppförandekoder?”, och “Vilken fostrande roll spelar uppförandekoderna som strategiska verktyg för kunskapshantering?”. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten för detta arbete har varit kunskapshanteringsteorin som bidragit med förståelse för uppförandekoderna som kunskapshanteringsverktyg och intressentteorin som bidragit med förståelse kring företagets relation till medarbetaren samt dess incitament till de val företagen gör. Det empiriska materialet bygger på fem stora multinationella bilföretags uppförandekoder och har analyserats genom en begreppsanalys där en modell har tagits fram för att förstå uppförandekodernas innehåll och uppbyggnad. Studiens resultat har visat på att uppförandekoderna i bilbranschen är mycket lika varandra och att de i allmänhet har ett mycket generellt innehåll, de stora skillnaderna rör den ton företagen har gentemot sina medarbetare i uppförandekoderna. I studien har vi även funnit att uppförandekoderna likaväl hade kunnat vara för företag inom andra multinationella branscher om man bortser från de namn och logotyper som finns i uppförandekoderna. Slutligen har det gått att konstatera att företagen främst fostrar sina medarbetare in i ett tankesätt som ska leda deras agerande istället för att fostra ett specifikt handlande. Detta för att skapa en självgående medarbetare oavsett ansvarsområde som denne har. / The purpose of this study has been to increase the knowledge and understanding of how Codes of Conduct of multinational companies works as a strategic knowledge management tool to foster the employees of the company. The research questions of this study have been; “How are the company's codes of conduct structured?”, “How does the employee appear as a stakeholder in the companies' codes of conduct?” and “Which fostering role does the code of conduct play as strategic tools for knowledge management?”. The theoretical foundation for this work has been the knowledge management theory, which has contributed to understanding the codes of conduct as a knowledge management tool, and the stakeholder theory, which has contributed to understanding the relationship between a company and its employees and the company's incentives for the choices the companies make. The empirical material is based on the codes of conduct of five major multinational automotive companies and has been analyzed through conceptual analysis, where a model was developed to understand the content and structure of the codes of conduct. The results of the study have shown a common generality where the codes of conduct in the automotive industry are very similar in content, the major differences concern the tone companies adopt towards their employees in the codes of conduct. Additionally, the study found that the codes of conduct could just as well have been applied to companies in other multinational industries if one disregards the company names and logos present in the codes of conduct. Finally, it has been observed that companies primarily foster their employees into a mindset that guides their actions rather than fostering specific actions. This is done to cultivate self-driven employees regardless of their area of responsibility.