Cette recherche porte sur le processus de constitution de la culture au Chili comme catégorie d’intervention publique entre 1989 et 2008.Ce processus s’amorce dans un contexte historique et socio-politique particulier caractérisé par la fin de la dictature annoncée par le plébiscite de 1988 et confirmée lors des élections démocratiques de 1989. La culture acquiert alors un rôle fondamental dans le développement social et politique du Chili. Son institutionnalisation cherchait en effet à ordonner un domaine d’intervention fragmenté et institutionnellement fragile et qui n’avait jusqu’alors jamais été doté d’une institution supérieure.Cette étude propose ainsi d’envisager le processus d’émergence de la culture comme un problème public pour ensuite analyser son institutionnalisation qui déboucha sur la création,en 2003, du Conseil National de la Culture et des Arts. La compréhension de ce processus et l’étude de la mise en œuvre du CNCA conduisent à mieux identifier les enjeux qui caractérisent et déterminent l’action publique culturelle dans le Chili d’après dictature. Cette recherche s’inscrit ainsi dans les débats posés par l’analyse des politiques publiques et en reprendra les principaux outils théoriques afin de mieux aborder le processus de constitution d’une catégorie d’intervention publique à travers trois axes centraux, les idées, les acteurs et les institutions, qui permettront d’articuler les approches cognitives de politiques publiques aux approches néo-institutionnalistes et d’instrumentation de l’action publique.L’analyse se développe alors autour de deux plans, l’un centré sur l’articulation entre les concepts et les valeurs et le repositionnement et le rôle des acteurs au sein d’un cadre institutionnel particulier. L’autre plan considère plus spécifiquement les enjeux de la mise en œuvre de l’institution culturelle et les tensions propres à ce processus relatives à la construction d’un idéal culturel national, à la récupération et à la recomposition d’espaces de pouvoir et à un cadre institutionnel flou et profondément marqué par les enclaves autoritaires héritées du passé. / This research deals with making culture a Public Intervention Category in Chile, from1989 to 2008.The process began in a particular historical and socio-political context characterized bythe democratic transition heralded by the 1988 plebiscite and consolidated by the 1989elections. At this time culture began to gain a fundamental role in the social and politicaldevelopment in Chile. Previously denied a formal organizational structure, the newinstitution’s cultural interventions were fragmented and fragile.This dissertation analyzes the National Council on Culture and Arts (NCCA) created in2003 and its work in the context of culture emerging as a public matter. In doing this we areable to identify the different issues in cultural policymaking that arose since the end ofauthoritarian rule. This investigation is a contribution to the debates on the analysis of publicpolicy, utilizing its main theoretical tools to dissect the process of establishing a category ofpublic intervention through three central themes: ideas, actors and institutions. Hence, thiswould connect the cognitive approaches of public policy marked by neo-institutionalism andinstrumentalist policymaking focuses.The analysis approaches the issue on two levels. The first one centers on the articulationbetween concepts and values with the realignment of policy actors within a specificinstitutional framework. Secondly, we will focus on the issues that arose in theinstitutionalization of culture, and the tensions involved in this process. We will especiallystress the deadlocks generated by the construction of a national cultural ideal under aninstitutional order characterized by “authoritarian enclaves” inherited from the former rule.

Submitted by Caio Melo (caiocmm@gmail.com) on 2017-09-15T16:27:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Das.Veredas.as.Vitrines.Tese.pdf: 47242392 bytes, checksum: d630cc145149698b0c91038db69f9270 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora da Silva Lopes (silopes@ufba.br) on 2017-09-18T20:22:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Das.Veredas.as.Vitrines.Tese.pdf: 47242392 bytes, checksum: d630cc145149698b0c91038db69f9270 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-18T20:22:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Das.Veredas.as.Vitrines.Tese.pdf: 47242392 bytes, checksum: d630cc145149698b0c91038db69f9270 (MD5) / Esta tese apresenta um estudo sobre o artesanato de capim-dourado na Comunidade Quilombola Mumbuca do estado do Tocantins e suas adaptações agregadas ao design relatadas pelas artesãs. São apontados aspectos estéticos do artesanato intrafamiliar e a criação do produto voltado para as vitrines das cidades. Como método, foi realizado levantamento de pesquisas sobre o tema, atuação direta com os interlocutores, realização de entrevistas e observação. Diante dos indícios verificados, utilizou-se a teoria polilógica como caminho investigativo ao considerar o artesanato exemplo de representação do conhecimento com várias lógicas, em trânsito, em constituição e envolvido em múltiplos sentidos, dos quais as artesãs puderam expor suas opiniões sobre como se veem e analisam sua prática no mundo contemporâneo. Suas falas foram organizadas de modo que revelaram aspectos significativos que envolveram a projeção, a adaptação, a exposição e a autorização do que tem sido a relação das artesãs de Mumbuca com o artesanato destinado ao mercado. Suas opiniões demonstraram pontos que tangenciam a produção do atual artesanato de capim-dourado que envolve suas relações com governo do Estado do Tocantins, designers, empresários, atravessadores e pessoas da região. Constatou-se que o artesanato de capim-dourado inserido esteticamente no mercado global, tem se reinventado pelas mãos das artesãs, ao mesmo tempo aponta problemas pela dificuldade de acesso a matéria prima, o que tem colocado em questão a continuidade da prática em Mumbuca. / ABSTRACT This thesis presents a study about the golden grass (capim-dourado) craftwork of the Mumbuca Quilombola Community, in Tocantins state, and its adaptations to design as reported by the craftswomen. Aesthetic components of the intrafamilial craftwork and product creation for the city’s window displays were highlighted. The research method included a survey of research around the theme, direct interaction with the interlocutors, interviews and observation. Given the evidence, polylogic theory (teoria polilógica) was used as an investigative path by considering craftwork to be an example of representation of knowledge with various logics, in transit, being constituted and involved in multiple meanings. Among these, the craftswomen were able to present their opinions regarding how they see themselves and analyze their practices in the contemporary world. Their talks were organized so as to reveal significant aspects that involved projection, adaptation, exhibition and authorization of that which has become the relationship between the craftswomen of Mumbuca and the craftwork produced for the market. Their opinions demonstrated points that touch upon the production of the current golden grass craftwork, which involves their relationship with the government of the state of Tocantins, designers, businesspeople, middlemen, and people from the region. It was found that golden grass craftwork, aesthetically placed into the global market, has been reinvented in the hands of craftswomen. At the same time, there are problems due to difficulty accessing the raw material, which has raised the question of the continuity of this practice in Mumbuca. / RESUMEN Esta tesis presenta un estudio acerca de la artesanía de pasillo de oro (capim-dourado) en la Comunidad Quilombola Mumbuca del Estado de Tocantins y sus adaptaciones añadidas al diseño relatadas por las artesanas. Son apuntados aspectos estéticos de la artesanía intrafamiliar y la creación del producto volcado hacia las vitrinas de las ciudades. Como método fue realizada una encuesta acerca del tema, actuación directa con los interlocutores, realización de entrevistas y observación. De acuerdo a los indicios verificados, se ha utilizado la teoría polilógica como camino investigativo al considerar la artesanía ejemplo de representación del conocimiento con varias lógicas, en tráfico, en constitución e involucrado en múltiples sentidos, de los cuáles las artesanas pudieron exponer sus opiniones sobre cómo se ven y analizan su práctica en el mundo contemporáneo. Sus hablas fueron organizadas de modo que revelaron aspectos significativos que involucraron la proyección, la adaptación, la exposición y el permiso de lo que ha sido la relación de las artesanas de Mumbuca con la artesanía destinada al mercado. Sus opiniones han demostrado puntos que tocan la producción de la actual artesanía de capim-dourado que involucra sus relaciones con el gobierno del Estado de Tocantins, diseñadores, empresarios, intermediarios y personas de la región. Se ha constatado que la artesanía de capim-dourado inserto estéticamente en el mercado global, se ha reinventado por las manos de las artesanas, al mismo tiempo apunta problemas por la dificultad de acceso a la materia prima, lo que ha puesto en cuestión la continuidad de la práctica en Mumbuca.

Магистерская диссертация посвящена когнитивному исследованию концептуальных метафор в поэзии Эминема и сопоставительному анализу их перевода на русский язык. Автор представляет классификацию метафорических моделей по разрядам концептуальных метафор, выявляет ключевые концепты, репрезентирующий каждый разряд, и устанавливает лингвокогнитивные особенности хип-хоп текстов Эминема. Проводя сопоставительный анализ оригинала и перевода концептуальных метафор, автор определяет качество и особенности перевода метафор в соответствии с особенностями идиостиля хип-хоп исполнителя. / The master's dissertation is devoted to a cognitive study of conceptual metaphors in Eminem's poetry and a comparative analysis of their translation into Russian. The author presents the classification of metaphorical models according to the categories of conceptual metaphors, identifies key concepts representing each category, and establishes the linguocognitive features of Eminem’s hip-hop texts. Due to a comparative analysis of the original and the translation of conceptual metaphors, the author determines the quality and peculiarities of the translation of metaphors in accordance with the idiostyle of the hip-hop artist.

Notre thèse est une thèse de linguistique française. Elle a pour but d’analyser et d’interpréter les erreurs à l’écrit en FLE par des apprenants chinois aux niveaux débutant et intermédiaire, de proposer un processus de remédiation aux erreurs récurrentes ayant un certain degré de prototypie et de procurer une meilleure méthodologie en didactique du FLE en Chine. L’erreur n’est pas un item à corriger qui implique le remplacement par une forme correcte, mais un révélateur significatif qui nous permet d’entrevoir le processus d’apprentissage chez l’apprenant. Notre analyse d’erreurs adopte donc une dimension cognitive. Du point de vue théorique, elle porte sur l’analyse linguistique des erreurs ; du point de vue pratique, elle porte sur la remédiation envisageable comprenant à la fois une micro-remédiation qui recherche la motivation linguistique permettant de faciliter l’apprentissage des points langue et une macro-remédiation qui vise à promouvoir une approche cognitive en didactique du FLE afin de doter l’apprenant d’une compétence métacognitive et de le transformer en sujet de l’apprentissage. / This is a PhD dissertation in French linguistics. The main purpose of this dissertation is to analyse and interpret the error made by Chinese primary or intermediate learners, to propose some remedial measures for those recurring and prototypical errors, and to provide a better teaching methodology in teaching French as a foreign language in China. An error is not only an item to be replaced by a correct form, but a significant revealer which allows us to glimpse the learning process of learners. This thesis is to adopt a cognitive approach. From a theoretical point of view, it concerns the linguistic analysis of errors; from a practical point of view, it concerns feasible remedial measures which comprise a micro-remediation and a macro-remediation. The former studies the language motivation in order to make language learning easier and the latter seeks to promote a cognitive approach in teaching in order to train the metacognitive learner and to transform the learner into the subject of learning. / 本论文是一篇法语语言学方向的博士论文，旨在分析和阐释中国法语学习者语言错误，对学习者常犯的、具有典型性的错误寻求解决对策，并找到适合中国学生法语学习的教学法。我们的研究以初级和中级水平的法语学习者的写作错误为对象。错误不是一个只需用正确形式代替或“订正”的内容，它为我们探究学习过程提供了可能，具有重要意义。论文从认知角度对错误进行分析和阐述，并寻找错误解决的可行性对策，具有理论和实践的双重意义。对错误的对策研究从微观和宏观两方面展开：前者针对学习者的主要错误，寻找相关语言点的语言理据，力求降低学习难度；后者提倡在法语外语教学中推行认知教学法，培养学习者的元认知能力，使学习者转变为学习过程的主体。