The development policy and plans of the Thai government have emphasized economic growth aimed at 'modernising' the country, enacted through agricultural modernisation and industrialisation under the name 'rural development'. Women In Development (WID) approaches based on the modernisation model have been added to 'development' plans more recently. Examination of the effects of these WID programmes upon rural women demonstrates that poor women are disempowered by the 'top-down' rural development programmes. This study is an attempt to test collaborative action research (CAR) as a methodology to empower rural women to become the decision makers in the rural development process. CAR was carried out in Sandee Village, northern Thailand. This suggests that rural women can be empowered through continuous cycles of the collaborative learning process of planning, acting, observing and critical reflection with the researcher acting as a facilitator. Through this learning process, rural women have increased their capacity to make choices, to deal with existing constraints and to create changes. In this respect 'development' can be initiated from within. / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

No description available.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar os aspectos envolvidos na apropriaÃÃo e no desenvolvimento de prÃticas pedagÃgicas que atendessem à diversidade de todos os alunos, favorecendo a inclusÃo no sistema comum de ensino, notadamente, daqueles com deficiÃncia. O quadro teÃrico-conceitual desse estudo contemplou quatro pilares de referÃncia, agrupado nas discussÃes sobre inclusÃo (AINCOW; BOOTH, 2000; MANTOAN, 2002; FIGUEIREDO, 2008; MITTLER, 2003. POULIN, 2006); PrÃtica pedagÃgica (ZABALLA, 1995; MERRIEU, 2006) formaÃÃo e profissionalizaÃÃo docente (SCHÃN, 1992; TARDIF, 2002; NÃVOA, 1992; PERRENOUD, 2002), Teoria da MudanÃa (CROZIER; FRIEDBERG, 1997; GIL, 2001; FARIAS, 2006, FULLAN, 2009). A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisaaÃÃo do tipo colaborativa, caracterizada pela co-construÃÃo de aÃÃes entre a pesquisadora e oito professoras do ensino fundamental de uma escola pÃblica da rede municipal de Fortaleza. O estudo desenvolvido, no perÃodo de agosto de 2005 a fevereiro de 2008, implementou sistemÃticas aÃÃes de formaÃÃo e acompanhamento sÃcio-construtivista das prÃticas pedagÃgicas das professoras, sediada na perspectiva da aÃÃo-reflexÃo-aÃÃo. Os resultados desse estudo evidenciaram que investimentos na reorganizaÃÃo do espaÃo escolar, no apoio pedagÃgico Ãs professoras, nas aÃÃes de atenÃÃo as crianÃas e Ãs suas especificidades, se reverteram em melhor acolhimento e atendimento a todos os alunos. Assim, a escola lÃcus de realizaÃÃo dessa pesquisa, passou a se organizar em suas aÃÃes pedagÃgicas para atender a diversidade dos alunos. A investigaÃÃo revelou particularmente que, o ensino diversificado à via e recurso que possibilita um melhor atendimento Ãs necessidades e especificidades de ritmos, estilos de aprendizagem e de diferentes nÃveis conceituais dos alunos. Em relaÃÃo Ãs prÃticas pedagÃgicas, as principais mudanÃas procedidas pelas professoras, a partir da intervenÃÃo realizada, se localizaram nas formas de organizaÃÃo e gestÃo da classe, na proposiÃÃo cada vez maior de atividades diversificadas e diferenciadas, na adoÃÃo da pedagogia de projetos e na implementaÃÃo dos princÃpios da aprendizagem cooperativa. Nesse sentido, destacamos que a cooperaÃÃo entre pares se revelou importante no trabalho destinado a alunos com deficiÃncia ou com acentuadas dificuldades de aprendizagem, por apresentar-se como forma de apoio Ãs necessidades desses alunos. A incorporaÃÃo na prÃtica pedagÃgica das professoras dos aspectos acima citados produziram aulas mais significativas e criativas e uma maior autonomia e interaÃÃo entre as crianÃas. Por fim, situamos que a experiÃncia dessa pesquisa (re)afirma que o paradigma da educaÃÃo inclusiva à possÃvel de se realizar. / This research has the purpose of investigating the aspects involved in the acquiring and development of pedagogical practices that should fulfill the needs of the diversity of all students, favoring a inclusion into the commom teaching system, noticeably, for those with some kind of impairement. The concept-theoretical frame of this study contemplated four referential pillars, clustured in the discussions about inclusion (AINCOW; BOOTH, 2000; MANTOAN, 2002; FIGUEIREDO, 2008; MITTLER, 2003. POULIN, 2006); A Pedagogical Practice - (ZABALLA, 1995; MERRIEU, 2006) teachers formation and profisionalization (SCHÃN, TARDIF, NÃVOA, PERRENOUD), The Changing Theory (CROZIER; FRIEDBERG, 1997; GIL, 2001; FARIAS, 2006, FULLAN, 2009). The mehtodology used was a action-research of the colaborative type, characterized by co-construction between the researcher and eight teachers from an elementary school at a municipal public school in Fortaleza. The study carried out, in the period between August 2005 and February 2008, set systematical actions in the teachersâ formation and the socio-constructivist pedagogical practices, based on the perspective of a action-thinking-action. The results of this study have hightlighted that investiments in the reorganization of the schooling space, in the pedagogical support - the teachers, in the attention actions â the children and their specificities, have turned into better caring and serving to all students. Thus, the school, locus to the realization fo this research, started to organize itself in their pedagogical actions to serve the diversity of their students. The investigation revealed mainly, that a differentiated teaching, that is , the development of strategies in the teching differentiation is feasible and it is a resource that allows a better understanding of the needs and specificities of rhythms, learning styles and the different conceptual levels of students. Regarding the pedagogical practices, the main changes set by the teachers, at the intervention carried out, were in the form of class organization and management, proposing even greater different and diverse activities, in the adoption of project pedagogies and in the setting of principles of cooperative learning. Thus, we point out that cooperation between pairs have proved important at the work targetting students with impairement or with visible learning difficulties, by being a way to support the needs of such students. The add up to the pedagogical practices of the teachers afore mentioned have produced more meaningful and creative classes and a greater autonomy as well as interaction among the children. We state that the experience of this research (re)assures that the paradygm of inclusive education is possible to achieve.

This thesis examines how new maritime nations, which are engaged in the export of seafaring labour, need to respond to the demands of the international maritime industry. In particular, traditional maritime nations are calling for greater internationalisation of maritime education and training. The global labour market for seafarers, which is dominated by employers from traditional maritime nations, demands internationally minded graduates. China’s response to these demands for quality labour exports from new maritime nations is the subject of exploration in this thesis. Within the specific context of Maritime English teaching and learning, a significant opportunity for innovation and change is identified. The research took the form of an international collaborative education project in pursuit of the following question: What teaching and learning development opportunities are there for improving the communicative competence of Chinese Navigation officers? The author of this thesis, formally a seafarer, is a teaching practitioner in higher education in the UK. For the purposes of this thesis, the author became a visi ting researcher, and later a teaching practitioner, at the case maritime higher education institution in China. Becoming a member of the teaching staff at the host institution was a necessary step in order to establish and carry out teaching practitioner -led research as a member of a professional learning community. The aim of this professional learning community has been to collaborate on a Maritime English teaching development project. This development work has since continued beyond this PhD study into a commercially funded project, which demonstrates the necessity and timeliness of the research. This thesis sets out to report on the collaborative process of an international education development project as it was experienced. Research was carried out over a 15.5 month period spent in-situ at the case institution. The institution was selected as it is the most influential maritime university in China in terms of national maritime higher education policy reform, due it being under the direct authority of the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China rather than the Ministry of Education, as is the case with other universities. The author had to work very hard to overcome a number of cultural issues to become accepted as a teaching practitioner in the research setting. Once accepted as a participant researcher, research-based professionalism founded on previous teacher training and experience allowed for a living theory approach to improving both own teaching practice and that of new-found colleagues. The outcomes of this PhD study are multiple: The ethnographic account of the development process in the form of this PhD thesis. The establishment of a professional learning community between teaching practitioners and continued research and development work. The local teaching and learning innovation in the form of a new content and language integrated syllabus for Maritime English teaching, suitable for Chinese learners at maritime higher education institutions. The continued collaboration between an industry stakeholder and the local teaching practitioners in the further development of a new Maritime English syllabus and accompanying teaching resources to ensure that it meets the needs of employers. As understanding grew of how Chinese maritime higher education institutions are preparing their students for employment in the global labour market for seafarers, the research objectives emerged while in-situ. The aim of the research centred on working with local teaching practitioners and industry stakeholders to improve the quality of maritime education graduates’ transferable skills, in terms of their intercultural communicative competence. The key feature of the study was to collaboratively identify teaching and learning development opportunities for improving the preparedness of Chinese maritime higher education graduates to work in a safety critical environment, where they will need to communicate effectively in English. The internationalisation of the Maritime English syllabus, and the wider Navigation curriculum, through content and language integrated learning and teaching is the main recommendation of this thesis. The evidence presented in this thesis has led to the conclusion that this curriculum intervention is necessary for improving the transferable skills of Chinese Maritime Higher Education graduates. The content and language integrated learning approach to teaching was found to offer Chinese maritime higher education institutions with a solution to boost intercultural communicative competence in meeting the demands of the international maritime industry for professionally skilled, and competent-in-English seafarers for labour export.

Using a Collaborative Action Research (CAR) approach, ten youth were involved as co-researchers in the development and implementation of a Community Youth Mapping (CYM) project in the city of Surrey, British Columbia. Youth were trained to be co-researchers, involved in: Research design, recruiting interview respondents, collecting, transcribing, and analysing data as well as developing a knowledge-transfer strategy. The research questions guiding this study were: 1. What is the experience of conducting a Collaborative Action Research (CAR) approach in the development and implementation of a Community Youth Mapping (CYM) project in order to gain an understanding of the opportunities and supports (through people, places and activities) for young people to build elements that facilitate positive youth development (PYD)? 2. What types of data are Youth Mappers able to collect using a variety of methods and technology? 3. What are the benefits to the youth participating in this study? Youth Mappers collected data from 174 of their peers through key informant interviews and focus group sessions, mapping resources in the form of people, places and activities where youth found opportunities and support to build elements that facilitate PYD and examining potential explanatory themes underlying the qualitative data. Global Positioning System (GPS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) technology were used to map locations of people, places and activities (PPA) in the different neighbourhoods within the City of Surrey. Youth Mappers reported gaining a broad array of benefits including: research, technological and communication skills, knowledge about positive youth development and changes in the way they perceived themselves as supporting youth in their community. Some additional training and organizational support may have assisted the Youth Mappers in recruitment of respondents and in data collection. The study found that youth’s primary resources for building elements that facilitate PYD were found in informal settings such as malls, restaurants, friend’s and their own homes, within the company of friends and family. Formal settings included work, schools and sport and recreation facilities with co-workers, teachers, coaches and team members. Fewer resources were reported for formal organizations. Youth are in need of more places to socialize together that are run similarly to church organizations but with non-religious affiliation, making membership more open to a diverse youth. Young people also want more opportunities to collaborate with adults within their communities on a formal and informal basis. The Surrey Community Youth Mapping project was instrumental in providing the initial foundation for a broader Community Youth Development Initiative and immediately garnered the interest of schools and organizations within the community and provincially. Recommendations were made for modifying this kind of study for different audiences.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T20:31:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diego A Divardim de Oliveira.pdf: 3415588 bytes, checksum: de9fe74b159c7f309d904dc12541acab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-30 / This work is part of the research line on Teaching and Learning of the Post-graduate of the State University of Ponta Grossa-UEPG. We aimed to detect and analyze the contribution of Visual-UEPG PIBID-Arts design / 2009 for the continuing education of the teacher of Visual Arts school supervisor. And investigate whether training and collaborative processes of emancipatory action research contribute to the continuing education of the supervising teacher. The theoretical basis has its foundations in the epistemological field of research-action meets the specific field of knowledge of the area of Visual Arts. They have theoretical and critical base of education and art in Adorno (2010; 2014) and Horkheimer (2003; 2014) and Paulo Freire (1979; 1999; 2001; 2010) pedagogical foundations. Nóvoa (2009; 2014th; 2014b;) supports on continuing education and professional teacher. The approach is qualitative, through collaborative research emancipatory action. Its active collaborator a teacher of Visual Arts in a public school belonging to the Regional Education Center of the city of Ponta Grossa.PR, which is part of Visual Arts Project PIBID / UEPG / PR, supervisor and protagonist of the initial training of teachers Visual arts. The PIBID Visual Arts Project provided an opportunity continuing education of the supervising teacher. The prospect of collaborative research, research-action emancipatory critique allowed a path of training and collaborative processes in a professional autonomy expanding both knowledge for teaching as knowledge of Visual Arts and teaching of poetry. It highlighted the impacts of Visual Arts Project PIBID the continued learning process participant teacher Collaborative Group involving students of the Visual Arts Degree Course, and research professor and coordinator of PIBID Visual Arts Project. The route of the fundamentals and practices, contributed to the continuing education of teacher and collaborative training processes and shared those involved permeated and mediated two-way interventions, the PIBID Project led interventions and training processes in Visual Arts whose impact the teacher school became aware surpassing the solitary and individualistic teaching activities for training and collaborative and shared action of the teaching action. Turn the collaborative processes acting teacher occasioned an intervention in initial formation and training of the researcher and the training of trainers. It can be inferred that the collaborative research contribution through the emancipatory action research turned into a lot for intervention in the formation and action of the teacher of Visual Arts school and Collaborative Group in relation to teaching and research, aiming to critical human development and citizen. It was found that the collaborative process helped to recognize ourselves as professionals for continuing education. In response to the problem, research-action through collaborative research provided a continuing education the supervising teacher Visual PIBID-Arts, whose founding impact was the training process of collaborative research, critical-emancipating intervention, which relate to interventions and contributions occurred in the teaching practice of teacher supervisor Visual-UEPG PIBID Arts / 2009-2013. / Esta dissertação faz parte da Linha de Pesquisa em Ensino e Aprendizagem do Programa de Pós-graduação da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa-UEPG. Teve como objetivo geral, detectar e analisar a contribuição do projeto PIBID-Artes Visuais-UEPG/2009 para a formação continuada da professora de Artes Visuais, supervisora da escola. E investigar se os processos formativos e colaborativos de investigação ação emancipatória contribuem para uma formação continuada da professora supervisora. A base teórica tem seus fundamentos no campo epistemológico da investigação-ação aliada ao campo específico de conhecimento da área de Artes Visuais. Têm base teórico-crítica da educação e da arte em Adorno (2010; 2014) e Horkheimer (2003;2014) e em Paulo Freire (1979;1999;2001;2010) os fundamentos pedagógicos. Nóvoa (2009; 2014a; 2014b;) corrobora sobre a formação continuada e profissionalização do professor. A abordagem é qualitativa, através da investigação-ação emancipatória colaborativa. Tem como colaboradora ativa uma professora de Artes Visuais de uma escola pública pertencente ao Núcleo Regional de Educação da cidade de Ponta Grossa.PR, que faz parte do Projeto PIBID-Artes Visuais/UEPG/PR, supervisora e protagonista da formação inicial de professores de Artes Visuais. O Projeto PIBID-Artes Visuais oportunizou a formação continuada da professora supervisora. A perspectiva da pesquisa colaborativa de investigação-ação emancipatória crítica permitiu um caminho de processos formativos e colaborativos de certa autonomia profissional ampliando tanto os saberes para a docência como os saberes das Artes Visuais e da poética da docência. Evidenciou-se os impactos do Projeto PIBID-Artes Visuais no processo formativo continuado da professora participante do Grupo Colaborativo que envolvia alunos do Curso de Licenciatura em Artes Visuais, e professora pesquisadora e coordenadora do Projeto PIBID-Artes Visuais. O percurso dos fundamentos e práticas contribuiu para a formação continuada da professora e os processos formativos colaborativos e compartilhados dos envolvidos permeou e medUiou intervenções de dupla via, ou seja, o Projeto PIBID provocou intervenções e processos formativos em Artes Visuais cujo impacto a professora da escola tomou consciência superando a ação docente solitária e individualista para uma formação e ação colaborativa e compartilhada da ação docente. Por sua vez os processos colaborativos de atuação da professora ocasionavam uma intervenção na formação inicial e formação do pesquisador bem como na formação dos formadores. Pode-se inferir que a contribuição da pesquisa colaborativa através da investigação ação emancipatória transformou em muito pela intervenção na formação e ação da professora de Artes Visuais da escola e do Grupo Colaborativo em relação à docência e pesquisa, visando a formação humana crítica e cidadã. Constatou-se que o processo colaborativo contribuiu para reconhecermo-nos como profissionais para uma formação contínua. Em resposta à problemática, a investigação-ação através da pesquisa colaborativa proporcionou uma formação continuada a professora supervisora PIBID-Artes Visuais, cujo impacto fundante foi o processo formativo de pesquisa colaborativa, da intervenção crítico-emancipatória, as quais dizem respeito às intervenções e contribuições ocorridas na práxis docente da professora supervisora PIBID-Artes Visuais-UEPG/2009-2013.

Este estudo situa-se no campo da Linguística Aplicada, mais precisamente dos Estudos da Linguagem em Aquisição da Segunda Língua (ASL). Trata-se de um trabalho de cunho qualitativo que aborda a cultura e o ensino da leitura em LE numa escola da rede pública estadual de Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul, envolvendo professores em pré-serviço – estudantes de letras da UNICRUZ –, uma professora em serviço e uma turma de alunos do terceiro ano do ensino médio. A pesquisa-ação colaborativa, metodologia adotada para o estudo, deu-se em razão de considerar esta, como Burns (1999), uma forma alternativa de oportunizar o desenvolvimento e o aperfeiçoamento de professores em serviço e em préserviço. Buscou-se oportunizar condições para que todos os participantes assimilassem e incorporassem uma abordagem de leitura em inglês, tendo a linguagem como um mediador sócio-cultural. Nessa perspectiva, foram desenvolvidas ações cuja finalidade era preparar os professores em pré-serviço (estudantes de letras participantes) para a prática crítico-reflexiva de sala de aula, evidenciando a eles a importância de um ensino que contemple aspectos culturais da língua-alvo. A escolha do tópico cultura justifica-se pela pouca atenção dada a esses aspectos nas aulas de LE, e por acreditar que por meio de procedimentos metodológicos que oportunizem aos aprendizes o raciocínio mais crítico com relação às diferenças culturais entre a LE e a LM, se consiga promover uma melhoria na qualidade do ensino da LE na escola pública. Além disso, buscou-se contribuir com a formação continuada da professora em serviço, bem como desenvolver ou aperfeiçoar o raciocínio crítico dos alunos participantes, objetivando prepará-los para lidarem com diferentes situações frente à LE, como sugere Celani (2009). Os resultados obtidos comprovam mais uma vez a importância da interação através do trabalho colaborativo no contexto da sala de aula. Verificou-se que a ação colaborativa leva à reflexão e, consequentemente, promove melhorias no ensino e aprendizagem da LE, o que pode ser significativo, considerando a carência de ações voltadas ao ensino público da LI no Brasil, sobretudo na escola pública. / This study is focused in the field of applied linguistics, more specifically language studies in second language acquisition (SLA). It is a work of qualitative approach that addresses the culture and reading teaching in L2 in a state public school of Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul, involving pre-service teachers – language students from UNICRUZ -, a teacher in service and a class of students from third grade of high school. The collaborative action research, methodology adopted for the study, was due to consider this, as Burns (1999), an alternative way to favor the development and improvement of in-service and pre-service teachers. The goal was to offer conditions for all the participants assimilate and incorporate an approach for English reading, with language as a socio-cultural mediator. From this perspective, actions have been developed whose purpose was to prepare teachers in preservice (language students participants) to critical and reflective practice in the classroom, showing them the importance of an education that addresses the cultural aspects of the target language. The choice of the topic culture is justified by the low attention given to these aspects in L2 classroom, and for believing that by means of methodological procedures, which enables learners to more critical thinking in relation to cultural differences between the L2 and L1, to successfully promote an improvement in the quality of L2 teaching in public schools. In addition, we attempted to contribute to the continuing education of the teacher inservice and to develop or enhance critical thinking of the participating students, aiming to prepare them to deal with different situations related to the L2, as suggested by Celani (2009). The results confirm once again the importance of interaction through collaborative work in the context of the classroom. It was found that collaborative action leads to reflection and, consequently, promotes improvements in teaching and learning of L2, which can be significant, considering the lack of actions aimed to the public education of English Language in Brazil, especially in public schools.

Este estudo situa-se no campo da Linguística Aplicada, mais precisamente dos Estudos da Linguagem em Aquisição da Segunda Língua (ASL). Trata-se de um trabalho de cunho qualitativo que aborda a cultura e o ensino da leitura em LE numa escola da rede pública estadual de Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul, envolvendo professores em pré-serviço – estudantes de letras da UNICRUZ –, uma professora em serviço e uma turma de alunos do terceiro ano do ensino médio. A pesquisa-ação colaborativa, metodologia adotada para o estudo, deu-se em razão de considerar esta, como Burns (1999), uma forma alternativa de oportunizar o desenvolvimento e o aperfeiçoamento de professores em serviço e em préserviço. Buscou-se oportunizar condições para que todos os participantes assimilassem e incorporassem uma abordagem de leitura em inglês, tendo a linguagem como um mediador sócio-cultural. Nessa perspectiva, foram desenvolvidas ações cuja finalidade era preparar os professores em pré-serviço (estudantes de letras participantes) para a prática crítico-reflexiva de sala de aula, evidenciando a eles a importância de um ensino que contemple aspectos culturais da língua-alvo. A escolha do tópico cultura justifica-se pela pouca atenção dada a esses aspectos nas aulas de LE, e por acreditar que por meio de procedimentos metodológicos que oportunizem aos aprendizes o raciocínio mais crítico com relação às diferenças culturais entre a LE e a LM, se consiga promover uma melhoria na qualidade do ensino da LE na escola pública. Além disso, buscou-se contribuir com a formação continuada da professora em serviço, bem como desenvolver ou aperfeiçoar o raciocínio crítico dos alunos participantes, objetivando prepará-los para lidarem com diferentes situações frente à LE, como sugere Celani (2009). Os resultados obtidos comprovam mais uma vez a importância da interação através do trabalho colaborativo no contexto da sala de aula. Verificou-se que a ação colaborativa leva à reflexão e, consequentemente, promove melhorias no ensino e aprendizagem da LE, o que pode ser significativo, considerando a carência de ações voltadas ao ensino público da LI no Brasil, sobretudo na escola pública. / This study is focused in the field of applied linguistics, more specifically language studies in second language acquisition (SLA). It is a work of qualitative approach that addresses the culture and reading teaching in L2 in a state public school of Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul, involving pre-service teachers – language students from UNICRUZ -, a teacher in service and a class of students from third grade of high school. The collaborative action research, methodology adopted for the study, was due to consider this, as Burns (1999), an alternative way to favor the development and improvement of in-service and pre-service teachers. The goal was to offer conditions for all the participants assimilate and incorporate an approach for English reading, with language as a socio-cultural mediator. From this perspective, actions have been developed whose purpose was to prepare teachers in preservice (language students participants) to critical and reflective practice in the classroom, showing them the importance of an education that addresses the cultural aspects of the target language. The choice of the topic culture is justified by the low attention given to these aspects in L2 classroom, and for believing that by means of methodological procedures, which enables learners to more critical thinking in relation to cultural differences between the L2 and L1, to successfully promote an improvement in the quality of L2 teaching in public schools. In addition, we attempted to contribute to the continuing education of the teacher inservice and to develop or enhance critical thinking of the participating students, aiming to prepare them to deal with different situations related to the L2, as suggested by Celani (2009). The results confirm once again the importance of interaction through collaborative work in the context of the classroom. It was found that collaborative action leads to reflection and, consequently, promotes improvements in teaching and learning of L2, which can be significant, considering the lack of actions aimed to the public education of English Language in Brazil, especially in public schools.

Este estudo situa-se no campo da Linguística Aplicada, mais precisamente dos Estudos da Linguagem em Aquisição da Segunda Língua (ASL). Trata-se de um trabalho de cunho qualitativo que aborda a cultura e o ensino da leitura em LE numa escola da rede pública estadual de Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul, envolvendo professores em pré-serviço – estudantes de letras da UNICRUZ –, uma professora em serviço e uma turma de alunos do terceiro ano do ensino médio. A pesquisa-ação colaborativa, metodologia adotada para o estudo, deu-se em razão de considerar esta, como Burns (1999), uma forma alternativa de oportunizar o desenvolvimento e o aperfeiçoamento de professores em serviço e em préserviço. Buscou-se oportunizar condições para que todos os participantes assimilassem e incorporassem uma abordagem de leitura em inglês, tendo a linguagem como um mediador sócio-cultural. Nessa perspectiva, foram desenvolvidas ações cuja finalidade era preparar os professores em pré-serviço (estudantes de letras participantes) para a prática crítico-reflexiva de sala de aula, evidenciando a eles a importância de um ensino que contemple aspectos culturais da língua-alvo. A escolha do tópico cultura justifica-se pela pouca atenção dada a esses aspectos nas aulas de LE, e por acreditar que por meio de procedimentos metodológicos que oportunizem aos aprendizes o raciocínio mais crítico com relação às diferenças culturais entre a LE e a LM, se consiga promover uma melhoria na qualidade do ensino da LE na escola pública. Além disso, buscou-se contribuir com a formação continuada da professora em serviço, bem como desenvolver ou aperfeiçoar o raciocínio crítico dos alunos participantes, objetivando prepará-los para lidarem com diferentes situações frente à LE, como sugere Celani (2009). Os resultados obtidos comprovam mais uma vez a importância da interação através do trabalho colaborativo no contexto da sala de aula. Verificou-se que a ação colaborativa leva à reflexão e, consequentemente, promove melhorias no ensino e aprendizagem da LE, o que pode ser significativo, considerando a carência de ações voltadas ao ensino público da LI no Brasil, sobretudo na escola pública. / This study is focused in the field of applied linguistics, more specifically language studies in second language acquisition (SLA). It is a work of qualitative approach that addresses the culture and reading teaching in L2 in a state public school of Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul, involving pre-service teachers – language students from UNICRUZ -, a teacher in service and a class of students from third grade of high school. The collaborative action research, methodology adopted for the study, was due to consider this, as Burns (1999), an alternative way to favor the development and improvement of in-service and pre-service teachers. The goal was to offer conditions for all the participants assimilate and incorporate an approach for English reading, with language as a socio-cultural mediator. From this perspective, actions have been developed whose purpose was to prepare teachers in preservice (language students participants) to critical and reflective practice in the classroom, showing them the importance of an education that addresses the cultural aspects of the target language. The choice of the topic culture is justified by the low attention given to these aspects in L2 classroom, and for believing that by means of methodological procedures, which enables learners to more critical thinking in relation to cultural differences between the L2 and L1, to successfully promote an improvement in the quality of L2 teaching in public schools. In addition, we attempted to contribute to the continuing education of the teacher inservice and to develop or enhance critical thinking of the participating students, aiming to prepare them to deal with different situations related to the L2, as suggested by Celani (2009). The results confirm once again the importance of interaction through collaborative work in the context of the classroom. It was found that collaborative action leads to reflection and, consequently, promotes improvements in teaching and learning of L2, which can be significant, considering the lack of actions aimed to the public education of English Language in Brazil, especially in public schools.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:56:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rosemary_turkiewicz.pdf: 5349409 bytes, checksum: 5d9adfb6c71a7ad78fa58abf6393c8f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-13 / Since the 1980s, the Portuguese Language teaching has been discussed by scholars and researchers, based on language s supposed dialogue and interaction, as defended by the Bahktin Circle, which is the theory found in the official Curricular Guidelines (DCE) of Parana State (Brazil), which recognize the mentioned text as a teaching unit that happens in a certain discursive genre. Thus, the proposals of text productions in school should prioritize interaction, considering that for Bakhtin/Volochinov (2014[1929]), language is materialized only in concrete enunciates within a process of dialogue. The distance of such premises comprehension by Portuguese Language teachers leads to the inference that such premises were not fully understood, perhaps by the absence of adequate training and/or a period of time sufficient to articulate theory and practice, according to the document s requirements. Being part of this school reality, teaching classes in public schools, we have chosen to develop a critical-collaborative-action-research involving two 6th to 9th graders teachers of middle school, in a Northwestern city in Parana State. Therefore, the focus was specifically to the following theme: collaborative actions in the teaching practice concerning to the production and texts rewriting. Such option is justified by an understanding that continued training, based in principles of collaborative actions can help with theory-methodology premises of writing and rewriting texts, which guarantees a safer pedagogical practice development. Such investigation purpose is sustained by the following questions: a) How do 6th to 9th graders teachers understand the theory and methodology premises present in the DCE? b) What have 6th to 9th graders teachers been doing regarding to the orientation for writing and rewriting texts? c) how can we researchers develop collaborative actions focused on teachers difficulties related to their orientation for writing and rewriting texts, as to consider the theory and methodology orientations present in the DCE? d) What changes in theory and methodology are introduced based on the researcher s mediation actions? In such a way, this paper s main purpose was to think about the collaborative actions developed in the theory and methodology orientations regarding the practice of production and text rewriting and their contributions to the theory and methodology orientations in the final grades of middle school. This research is has its foundations in Applied Linguistics, under the conception of language as presented by the Bakhtin Circle, supported by the principles of historical and cultural theory, from the studies of Vygotsky, Luria, and Leontiev, and from the text writing premises proposed first by Geraldi (2007[1984]), passing by some other researchers in this field. We assume, as a methodology proceeding, the methodology principle of critical-collaborative-action research, as we promote reflections with middle school teachers on their own practice, in order to build new knowledge about the methodology orientations on production and rewriting of a text. The results of the whole research process show: a) the understanding of the process of text writing which comprehends the steps of planning, actual writing, revising, and rewriting; b) the improvement of activities of development for writing and 9 rewriting texts; c) the internalization and appropriation of the theoretical and methodological premises concerning the concept of language as interaction and dialogue; d) the need to review the way how to continue to offer teacher´s training in the middle school context; e) the need to invest in collaborative theory and methodology orientations regarding the work with writing, which enables the follow-up of the pedagogical practice in this teaching context. / Desde a década de 1980, o ensino de Língua Portuguesa vem sendo discutido por estudiosos e pesquisadores, sustentados pelo pressuposto dialógico e interacionista da linguagem, conforme defendido pelo Círculo de Bakhtin, escopo teórico presente nas Diretrizes Curriculares do estado do Paraná, que reconhecem o texto-enunciado como unidade de ensino que se configura em determinado gênero discursivo. Logo, as propostas de produção de texto na escola deveriam priorizar a interação, haja vista que para Bakhtin/Volochinov (2014[1929]), a língua só se concretiza em enunciados concretos dentro de um processo de interlocução. O distanciamento, entre os professores de Língua Portuguesa, dessa compreensão, faz-nos inferir que tais pressupostos não foram compreendidos, talvez pela ausência de formação adequada e/ou período de tempo suficiente para articular teoria e prática conforme o que rege os documentos. Ao fazermos parte dessa realidade escolar, atuando como docente da rede estadual, optamos por desenvolver uma pesquisa-ação-crítica-colaborativa envolvendo duas docentes de 6° e 9° anos do ensino fundamental, de um município da região noroeste do estado do Paraná. Assim, nosso olhar se voltou mais especificamente para o seguinte tema: ações colaborativas da prática docente no que se refere aos encaminhamentos da produção e da reescrita textual. Essa opção se justifica por acreditarmos que uma formação continuada embasada nos princípios da ação colaborativa pode auxiliar com a fundamentação teórico-metodológica acerca dos processos de produção e reescrita textual, de modo a garantir mais segurança para o desenvolvimento de sua prática pedagógica. Esse propósito investigativo sustentou-se nas seguintes indagações: a)Como um grupo de professores do 6º ao 9°ano compreende os pressupostos teórico-metodológicos previstos nas DCE? b)O que tem feito o professor do 6º ao 9°ano, em termos de encaminhamentos para a produção, correção e reescrita de textos? c)Como nós, pesquisadora, podemos desenvolver ações colaborativas focadas nas dificuldades docentes para o encaminhamento da produção, e reescrita textual, de modo a contemplar as orientações teórico-metodológicas que constam nas DCE? d)Que alterações teórico-metodológicas são apresentadas a partir das ações de mediação da pesquisadora? Assim, nosso objetivo geral foi Refletir sobre as ações colaborativas desenvolvidas em orientações teórico-metodológicas sobre a prática de produção e reescrita de texto e suas contribuições nos encaminhamentos didático-pedagógicos nas séries finais do Ensino Fundamental. A pesquisa circunscreveu-se na área da Linguística Aplicada, sob a concepção de linguagem explicitada pelo Círculo de Bakhtin, pautando-se nos princípios da teoria histórico-cultural, a partir dos estudos de Vygotsky e Leontiev, e nas propostas de ensino da produção textual abordadas, primeiramente, por Geraldi (2007[1984]), passando por vários pesquisadores da área. Assumimos, como procedimento metodológico, a pesquisa-ação-crítico-colaborativa, ao promovermos reflexões com as professoras do ensino fundamental sobre a própria prática a fim de construírem novos conhecimentos a respeito dos encaminhamentos da produção e da reescrita textual. Os resultados de todo processo da pesquisa demonstram: a) a compreensão do 7 caráter processual da escrita, que compreende as etapas de planejamento, efetivação da escrita, revisão e reescrita; b) o aprimoramento no desenvolvimento de atividades de produção e reescrita textual; c) a internalização e a apropriação dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos concernentes à concepção de linguagem interacionista e dialógica; d) necessidade de rever a forma pontual como se organizam as formações continuadas no contexto do ensino fundamental; e) necessidade de se investir em orientações teóricas e metodológicas colaborativas quanto ao trabalho com a escrita, que possibilitem acompanhar a prática pedagógica nesse contexto de ensino.