This study examines collective identity, a concept that is used in social movement theory to understand why people are motivated to participate in social movements and social movement groups. Collective identity is a social-psychological process that links the individual to the group through a series of group interactions that revolve around social movement activity. This is a qualitative study that examines collective identity in an online social movement group and an offline social movement group. Reports from the two groups are compared to see what variation exists between these two different groups. This research is one of the first examinations of collective identity outside of conventional face-to-face group settings. The research presented in this thesis demonstrates the difficulty a social movement group that exists online might have in generating a collective identity because of an absence of face-to-face interaction. / Master of Science

Purpose: The construction industry is facing changes as academic education is becoming more common. Practical competence will be lost as newly graduated civil engineers often lack practical experience. As the industry is characterized by a clear identification and where a common view is that "you ought to have experience from construction work", this change is problematic. This study focuses on the supervisors role, where the aim of the report is to analyze how newly graduated civil engineers handle the lack of practical experience. Method: In order to achieve the objective of the study, the supervisor role has been studied at two large construction companies. To get a deep and fair view of the role, site managers and construction workers, together with supervisors with both practical experience and theoretical background have been studied. The nature of the study is qualitative where empirical data has been collected through interviews, observation, and analysis of internal company documents. Findings: The analysis is that the supervisors’ role is characterized by a certain number of tasks and operations. From these, connections can be made to how management should be handled, and the characteristics required in such operations. The last part includes collective identification within the industry and its pressure on the role. From these aspects the result is summarized. The affect is that newly graduated civil engineers require a more analytical and information seeking mindset when lacking practical experience. Implications: The conclusion of this study is that practical experience is an advantage in the role of supervisor, and that it is important to give the chance for supervisors to gain practical experience. In compensation for the lack of practical experience of newly graduated civil engineers, they instead have an analytical and information- seeking mindset. They also possess basic knowledge of the complete building process. The characteristics that are more important to focus on than experience are: having commitment, clarity in communication, clear structure and sense of initiative. The critical factors for leading the construction production is to disseminate information, take initiative, react to unexpected crises and allocate resources. Limitations: The study focuses on the role of supervisor at two major construction companies. If the study had also included smaller construction companies, a wider and more general conclusion of the role at large, could have been made. The study would be improved if more observations were possible to implement. To also observe the role from different occupational groups, other aspects and a wider analysis would have been possible to conduct. Keywords: Supervisor’s role in construction industry, Mintzberg's leadership roles, first-line manager, practical experience/academic education, collective identity. / Syfte: Byggbranschen står inför en del förändringar då akademisk utbildning blir allt vanligare. Praktisk kompetens går förlorad då nyexaminerade byggnadsingenjörer ofta saknar praktisk erfarenhet. Då branschen präglas av en tydlig identifiering och samhörighet där ”man ska ha varit ute i produktionen”, blir denna förändring problematisk. Denna studie fokuserar på arbetsledarrollen där målet med rapporten är att analysera hur nyexaminerade byggnadsingenjörer hanterar bristande praktisk erfarenhet. Metod: För att uppnå målet med studien har arbetsledarrollen studerats på två större byggföretag. Platschefer och yrkesarbetare samt arbetsledare med både praktisk erfarenhet och teoretisk bakgrund har studerats för att få en djup och rättvis bild av rollen. Studien är av kvalitativ karaktär där empirisk data har samlats in i form av intervjuer, observation och analys av företagens interna dokument. Resultat: Analysen är att arbetsledarrollen präglas av ett visst antal arbetsuppgifter och arbetsmoment. Utifrån dessa kan tydliga kopplingar dras till hur ledandet bör ske och vilka egenskaper som krävs i samband med dessa moment. Sista delen innefattar den kollektiva identifieringen inom branschen samt dess påtryckningar på rollen. Från dessa aspekter sammanfattas resultatet till att arbetsledarrollen påverkas genom att nyexaminerade byggnadsingenjörer kräver ett mer analytiskt och informationssökande tänk vid avsaknaden av praktisk erfarenhet. Konsekvenser: Slutsatsen är att praktisk erfarenhet är en fördel i rollen som arbetsledare, samt att det är av vikt att ge arbetsledare möjligheten till ökad praktisk erfarenhet. Som kompensation för den bristande praktiska erfarenheten hos nyexaminerade byggnadsingenjörer har de en helhetsbild över byggprocessen samt att de i större utsträckning söker upp och analyserar information. De egenskaper som är viktigare att fokusera på än erfarenhet är engagemang, tydlighet, struktur och initiativtagande. Samt de avgörande faktorerna för att leda byggproduktionen är att kunna sprida information, ta initiativ, agera vid oväntade kriser, samt fördela resurser. Begränsningar: Studien fokuserar på arbetsledare vid två större byggföretag. Om studien även hade omfattat mindre byggföretag hade bredare och mer generella slutsatser för rollen i stort kunnat göras. Studien hade förbättrats om fler deltagande observationer hade varit möjligt att genomföra. Att även observera rollen utifrån olika yrkesgrupper hade kunnat bidra till andra aspekter i analysen. Nyckelord: Arbetsledarrollen i byggbranschen, Mintzbergs ledarroller, första linjens chef, praktisk erfarenhet/akademisk utbildning, kollektiv identitet.

Alla folkrörelser har sin start någon gång under 1700-talet men precis som med nykterhetslöftet så skulle rörelserna, och framförallt nykterhetsrörelsen ta fart under 1800-talet. Till att ha nykterhetsorganisationer som förespråkade måttligt bruk kom de vid 1800-talets slut förespråka absolutism. Nykterhetsorganisationerna var till den största delen religiöst präglade men ett utbrott ur IOGT vid slutet av 1800-talet skedde och Verdandi kom att skapas, en icke-religiös, socialistiskt präglad nykterhetsorganisation med en stark koppling till arbetarrörelsen. Studiens syfte har varit att undersöka logen 1363 Frihet av NOV i syfte att visa vad som utgjorde den kollektiva identiteten. Detta har gjorts genom en kvalitativ studie med en induktiv metod där jag samlat, analyserat och tolkat materialet på egen hand, anpassad till att beskriva vad den kollektiva identiteten är inom föreningen. Eftersom att den kollektiva identiteten egentligen är något större än den enskilda föreningen så har jag fokuserat på nyckelbegrepp som beskriver detta, såsom solidariteten och dess uttryck men även hur föreningen jobbade inom identitetsarenorna. Föreningen har visat sig vara aktiv, älskvärd av medlemmarna och omtyckt i Hällefors under de här åren som jag undersökte. De tog hand om sina medlemmar, diskuterade livligt om sitt mål, bildade studiecirklar och startade evenemang, för medlemmarna men även allmänheten. / All social movements have their starting sometimes in the 1700s, but as with the temperance pledge, movements, and especially the temperance movement take off in the 1800s. The temperance organizations initially advocated for moderate use of alcohol, but at the late 1800s all of them had adopted temperance. Initially the temperance movements were branded by pious ideals from religion, but a crisis within IOGT in the late 1800s would result in the birth of Verdandi, non-religious but socialistic in core, with strong links to the labor movement. The study’s purpose was to examine the association 1363 Frihet of NOV in order to recall what constituted the collective identity within. This has been done through a qualitative study with an inductive method where I have collected, analyzed and interpreted the material on my own that I’ve judged to be appropriate to describe the collective identity within the association. In reality, the collective identity is something larger than the individual association, so in my study I’ve focused on key concepts that describe this. Solidarity and its expression, but also the principle of “Us and Them”. The association have shown to be an active one in the years of my study, lovable by members and well-liked in the industrial town of Hällefors. They took care of their members, discussed vividly about their goals, formed study groups and started events that the members and general public could attend.

This study examines the development of a local history education, as taught in the compulsory levels of primary, middle and high school in Åland. The Åland islands have had a unique status of autonomy within the state of Finland since 1922, when the islands, after the Finnish independence from Russia, wished to reunite with Sweden but were made autonomous as a compromise. Åland therefore controls its own education system. This essay examines how the contents of school history have been adjusted to a regional interpretation and meaning of the past. The empirical sources are schoolbooks, school curricula, archive documents regarding education, and interviews with teachers, schoolbook authors and officials. The period examined is from 1922 until today. The aim is to show how an understanding of the past correlates with a changing present situation, how the past is made meaningful and embedded in the local region, and how these processes are connected to the formation of a collective identity and its continuation. This is done by integrating theories of collective memory mediation, national identity processes and didactic theories focusing on history as taught in school.

A number of presidents have aided the auto industry, protected it from external threats, or saved it from collapse, while presidential rhetoric about the industry is positive and consistent across political parties and over time. I conduct rhetorical analyses of the entire history of presidential speech about the industry to explain the evolution of the relationship between these two institutions. I argue that this relationship is an example of the institutionalization of speech; perfunctory campaign praise became habitual and eventually coalesced into a rhetorical legacy that entailed rhetorical and material resources and constraints for the institution of the presidency. In the case of the auto industry, presidents sought political support from the auto industry as a constituency, erased blameworthy aspects of industry history, and created an industry identity that was exceptional, which served as justification for defense of the industry and intervention during periods of economic recession, regulatory stress, foreign competition, and imminent collapse of an automaker. Such cases of institutionalized speech between the presidency and other institutions are special, but not unique; this case provides an instructive example of how speech becomes legacy over time, and of what the consequences of such legacies might include for this case and for possible others.

Research often frames the relationship between sports and the city in terms of economics as researchers debate the costs and benefits of using public subsidies to build stadiums, retain professional teams and host mega-events. However, people assign symbolic or intangible values to their home sports teams that cannot be measured through economic frameworks. My research examined the ways in which urban residents create value around their home professional sports team that other researchers dismissed as hard to measure. Using the New Orleans Saints as a case study, this research incorporated interviews, questionnaires, content analysis and participant observation to provide greater access to the meanings people associate with the experience of being a Saints fan. After Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans in 2005, Saints fans used their team to build a narrative of renewal and deliver messages about city recovery. These meaningful local narratives reinforced a feeling of connectedness to the city and created collective identities among diverse urban residents. The Who Dat Nation created a sense of fandom that existed outside the confines of the publicly funded stadium on game day as people encountered indicators of Saints fandom through everyday lived experiences. Through shared experiences surrounding Saints football, fans fostered public sociability and meaningful relationships across social differences. In addition, the findings outline ways in which locals embraced NFL hype and the commodification of professional football while also engineering local cultural adaptations to the economic dimensions of sport. Through the story of the Saints in New Orleans, we can see sport spaces as a combination of symbolism and practice where sporting and urban affiliations are interrelated in complex ways through the construction of identity, culture, and commercialism. This dissertation presents spaces of sports fandom as places of empowerment to challenge, renegotiate, and rethink difference where sport spaces embody constructions of race, urban place, gender and identity. This study shows how spaces of sport fandom can be spaces to negotiate a sense of community identity and foster repetitive civil interactions. This provokes discussion on the extent to which sport fan activities influence changes in social interaction across race and gender differences.

Orientador: Eda Maria Góes / Banca: Raul Borges Guimarães / Banca: Eliseu Savério Sposito / Banca: Lea Carvalho Rodrigues / Banca: Jones Dari Goettert / Resumo: Este é um estudo de caráter exploratório-descritivo, sobre as trajetórias vivenciadas por um grupo de egressos, ex-funcionários, do Banco do Brasil. O recorte empírico foi a cidade de Maringá (PR). Tais desligamentos foram frutos da implementação de um instrumento gerencial conhecido por Programa de Desligamento Voluntário (PDV) em julho de 1995. Buscou-se compreender o espaço anterior ao PDV, com suas implicações e imbricações incorporadas, combinando uma contextualização do avanço neoliberal, com o intuito de auxiliar no entendimento desse processo de desligamento, com as trajetórias pessoais vivenciadas por seis funcionários durante e após o processo de adesão ao referido programa. Diante disso, nossa tese se propõe a identificar e analisar o quanto à construção do novo espaço contém de negação e de continuidade em relação à atividade exercida no Banco, bem como as possíveis contradições inerentes aos mesmos, levando em conta o papel da cultura organizacional e sua ruptura, representada por seu poder e ideologia, ensejando no passado à construção de uma identidade coletiva dos funcionários do Banco do Brasil, e após a indicação dos elegíveis ao PDV, uma (des)construção desta mesma identidade. Concluímos que o desaparecimento dessa identidade coletiva afetou a auto-estima de alguns e, a outros possibilitou, após o espaço ceifado, emergir o reconstruído, evidenciando que os egressos pesquisados souberam ou aprenderam a alterar suas histórias, deixando a condição de vítimas e passando a sujeitos participantes e efetivos em um novo espaço. / Abstract: This is an exploratory and descriptive study about the experience lived by a group of six former employees of the Bank of Brazil in Maringá (PR), result of the implementation of a management instrument known as Voluntary Dismissal Program (VDP) in July, 1995. This paper tried to understand the organizational space before the VDP with its implications and inter-relations, combined with the contextualization of the neoliberal advance, with the auxiliary purpose of understanding this dismissal process through the personal experiences lived by these employees during the program and after joining it. Before that, our thesis aims to identify and analyze how much negation and continuity exist in the construction of a new space in relation to the work done in the bank, as well the possible contradictions related to this space. It was taken into account the role of the organizational culture and its rupture represented by its power and ideology which, in the past, produced the construction of a collective identity of employees of the Bank of Brazil and, after the indication of the eligible ones for the VDP, produced a (dis) construction of this same identity. We conclude that the disappearance of this collective identity affected the self-esteem of some employees and allowed others to emerge the reconstructed, which shows that the former employees analyzed knew or learned how to change their histories, by giving up their conditions of victims to become participant and effective subjects in a new space. So, we tried to contribute to the comprehension of the multiple consequences lived by men and women due to the lack of a stable and formal job and maybe to stimulate managers to reflect on the pertinent actions of the space where they are, as well as to offer the geographers others visions on the space in organizations. / Doutor

Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-10T21:20:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 34b.pdf: 778969 bytes, checksum: b0d4f78c87ec7279b839e712891e0cce (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-10T21:20:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 34b.pdf: 778969 bytes, checksum: b0d4f78c87ec7279b839e712891e0cce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esse projeto de pesquisa para dissertação de mestrado visa verificar alguns dos processos que envolvem a construção da identidade coletiva no Movimento Social de Luta contra AIDS (MSLA/RS) através das relações com o Estado/RS nos últimos 30 anos. Para compreensão dos contextos de formação da identidade coletiva se fez uma remontagem histórica do MSLA/RS desde sua fundação até os dias atuais. O estudo se embasará através da perspectiva teórica proposta especialmente, por Ernesto Laclau e Chantal Mouffe, por meio da análise do discurso. Os procedimentos metodológicos propostos para sua elaboração têm como modalidade a pesquisa qualitativa e como técnicas de coleta de dados serão usadas: entrevistas semiestruturadas, a análise documental, o diário de campo e a observação participante. Baseando-se nos dados da pesquisa e nos referenciais teóricos desses autores, compreende-se que o Estado vem interferindo com “novas” formas de regulação e controle junto ao MSLA/RS no que se refere ao estabelecimento da fronteira política, com isso vem afetando diretamente o processo de construção da identidade coletiva desse movimento. / This research project for dissertation aims to verify some of the processes that involve the construction of collective identity in Social Movement to Fight AIDS (MSLA / RS) through relations with the State / RS in the last 30 years. To understand the context of collective identity formation became a remake of the historical MSLA/RS from its founding to the present day. The study is from the perspective form the basis theoretical especially by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, through discourse analysis. The methodological procedures for its preparation have proposed as a qualitative research method and how data collection techniques will be used: semistructured interviews, document analysis, field diary and participant observation. Based on the survey data and the theoretical frameworks of these authors, it is understood that the state is interfering with "new" forms of regulation and control by the MSLA / RS with regard to the establishment of political boundaries, thus has affected directly the process of constructing the collective identity of the movement.

This thesis aims to show how the secondary teacher in New Zealand was constituted in discourse through an examination of two major recontextualisations of education, the changes resulting from the Thomas Report (1944), and the Picot Report (1988), and of the collective identity of secondary teachers. Both reports redirected government education policy and regulation and had fundamental implications for teachers' work and the role they were expected to play in education. Secondary teachers resisted both reforms, and in doing so they revealed elements of their conservative, pragmatic and defensive collective identity, which changed in only one significant respect in the time period considered in this study. It took twenty years before the central tenets of the Thomas Report were even close to being universally accepted. Even then, the child-centred philosophy and practice propounded by the Thomas Report, supported by the Currie Report in 1962 and supervised by the gentle discipline of the Department of Education, was likely to have been more honoured in the breach than in the observance by many New Zealand secondary school teachers. In more recent times, the 'neo-liberal', market-driven view of education and teachers, as expressed in the reforms which followed the Picot Report, were stoutly resisted despite the much more rigorous disciplinary techniques employed by the Ministry of Education. This thesis will show that the dominant discourses which constituted the secondary teacher were those of the collective identity of secondary teachers and that these effectively frustrated attempts to impose change on New Zealand secondary teachers and on secondary education.

<p>Purpose/Aim: To describe likenesses and differences between the personal identity of the common Kalmar nation member and the collective identity of the organization Kalmar nation as described by said members.</p><p>Material/Method: Collecting data through a quantitative survey, where the members answer questions about themselves and Kalmar nation, and subsequent analysis of said data by means of theories about personal, collective, and brand identity.</p><p>Main results: After analyzing the data from the survey I conclude that there exists both likenesses and differences between the organization and its members. Some likenesses are more pronounced than others, and the same can be said for the differences. However, within the three areas of study (specific identity traits, politics and music) politics and music showed more similarity between the members and the nation than the specific identity traits did. The most interesting aspect of the analysis show that the members have quite a common view of the organization despite their own widely different descriptions of themselves.</p>