Målet med studien är att förstå hur och vad som beskrivs och bedöms genom de samtalsmallar som används inför utvecklingssamtal på förskolan. Det är en kvalitativ studie baserad på innehållsanalys av insamlade dokument. Innehållsanalysen utfördes genom kodscheman som tas upp av Bergström och Boréus (2008). I analysarbetet har vi inspirerats av diskursanalysen. Studien är baserad på åtta samtalsmallar inför utvecklingssamtal från olika förskolor i en kommun i Mellansverige. Studien visar att samtalsmallarna innehöll flera olika sätt att beskriva och bedöma barn. Genom vårt analysarbete fann vi framför allt fem tydliga teman som utgör vårt resultat; Det lärande barnet, där barnet genom samtalsmallarna beskrivs och bedöms inom olika områden och ses som lärande eller under utveckling. Barnet som person, baserat på punkterna i samtalsmallarna som utgörs av bedömning och beskrivning av barnets personliga attribut. Det bristande barnet, med grund i samtalsmallarnas fokus på barnets tillkortakommanden och brister. Barnet i verksamhetens kontext, utifrån punkter i samtalsmallarna där verksamheten beskrivs och bedöms och Det positivt framställda barnet, grundat i till exempel uppmaningar i samtalsmallarna om att hålla samtalen i positiv anda. Tillika visar studien att flera olika barnsyner ligger till grund för hur barn ska beskrivas och bedömas i samtalsmallarna, samt att det råder motsägelser och bristande direktiv i förskolans styrdokument för utvecklingssamtalens syfte och innehåll. / The aim of this study is to understand how and what is described and assessed in the templates used for parent-teacher conferences in pre-school. This study is qualitative in nature and the chosen method of examination was content analysis of documents through coding schemes inspired by those described in Bergström and Boréus (2008). Discourse analysis inspired us when analyzing our data. The documents upon which the study is based consist of eight templates for parent-teacher conferences from different pre-schools in a municipality of Sweden. The study shows that templates for parent-teacher conferences consist of several different ways of describing and making assessments of the children. In our analysis we found five distinguishing themes as described in our result; The learning child, where the child is looked upon and described as under development, within different subjects. The child as a person, as the child’s personality was to be assessed and described thru the templates. The child of flaws, based on the conversational topics in the templates focused on flaws and problems. The child in the context of pre-school, due to the focus on describing and assessing the pre-school in the templates and finally The positively described child, based on the directives in some of the templates about describing the child thru positive outlook. The study also shows a variety of teachers’ perspectives on children based on the ways in which the children are to be described and assessed in the templates. Additionally, the study reveals a lack of and somewhat contradicting directives in the regulatory documents for pre-schools, considering the purpose and content of parent-teacher conferences.

Formål: Formålet med undersøgelsen har været at få indsigt i og viden om, hvordan nytilskadekomne rygmarvsskadede patienter oplever og opfatter at deltage i tværfaglige patientkonferencer, hvor deres rehabiliteringsforløb tilrettelægges. Metode: Undersøgelsesmetoden er kvalitativ med en fænomenografisk forskningstilnærmelse. Dataindsamlingen er foretaget ved hjælp af kvalitative semistrukturerede interview. Der er gennemført 15 interview blandt otte indlagte patienter, tre kvinder og fem mænd i alderen fra 28 til 75 år Resultat: Analysen viste at patienterne fandt, at det var meningsfuldt at deltage i patientkonferencer om eget rehabiliteringsforløb og for de fleste en nødvendig og selvfølgelig del af rehabiliteringen. Der blev identificeret fire beskrivende hovedkategorier: Patientkonferencer oplevedes støttende i en rehabiliteringsproces; Forskellige følelser var i spil; Pårørendes deltagelse havde betydning; Mødekultur og deltageres betydning Konklusion: Denne undersøgelse viste, at nytilskadekomne rygmarvsskadede og sorgfyldte patienter oplevede, at de var i stand til og gerne ville deltage aktivt i beslutninger i forhold til eget rehabiliteringsforløb. Tværfaglige patientkonferencer blev opfattet som et forum, hvor patienter og pårørende kunne få overblik og kontrol i en situation, hvor patienternes livssituation var kaotisk i relation til komplekse og omfattende fysiske funktionstab. Undersøgelsen har afdækket områder, som har vist sig at have haft betydning for, om patienterne oplevede disse konferencer som meningsfulde og tilfredsstillende / Aim: This study aimed to increase understanding of how patients newly injured with spinal cord lesion experience rehabilitation planning conferences with their clinicians and therapists. Method: I used a qualitative methodology within a phenomenographic research approach. Data was collected during 15 qualitative and semi-structured interviews with eight hospitalized patients (three women and five men) ranging in age between 28 to 75 years. Results: The data suggests that patients view participation in rehabilitation conferences as essential. Indeed, some patients deemed participation a necessary and natural part of their rehabilitation. Four main categories were identified: patient conferences support rehabilitation; emotional vulnerability; family participation matters; and atmosphere and location of conferences are critically important. Conclusion: The results show that patients newly injured by spinal cord lesion can and want to participate in decisions about their own rehabilitation, even when they are grieving and in a state of shock. Interdisciplinary patient conferences that include relatives provide an ideal environment and help patients gain oversight and control in an often chaotic life situation resulting from complex and substantial physical disabilities. The data also revealed areas for improvement that will help ensure meaningful and satisfactory patient conferences / <p>ISBN 978-91-86739-14-0</p>

In this paper, I deal with the issue of press conferences after matches of 1st soccer league. My goal is in the first place to describe press conferences as a part of public relations and as one of main and most important categories of respondents interacting with journalists. In the first part of my master thesis I examine sports journalism and its specifics and differences against other fields of this profession. For research itself I used techniques of observation and questioning, but mainly I worked with the data gained during interviews and information obtained by myself, as an involved observer. During my observation I have visited 14 press conferences throughout one season of 1st soccer league in total that took place all around Czech Republic. The goals of researching these events were its course, specifically how long the events were and in which environment, but also what are the rules for its organisation and how those rules are complied. Another subject of my research was a position of a spokespersons and work of journalists, whose job is to question. I was also interested in a manner of questioning and topics of questions in this area. Among main conclusions of my thesis there is significantly larger focus of media on the three biggest Czech soccer teams which are Slavia Prague, Sparta...

O presente trabalho analisa as manifestações brasileiras nas Conferências Pan-Americanas, entre 1889 e 1928. Busca-se compreender os discursos identitários construídos pelos países representados nas Conferências, bem como quais foram os argumentos que definiram as proximidades e os distanciamentos entre o Brasil e os Estados Unidos e entre o Brasil e os demais países latino-americanos, especialmente os países do Cone Sul. Procura-se entender, ainda, os debates em torno da proposta de união aduaneira e as discussões sobre a questão da arbitragem. / The current work analyzes the Brazilian manifestations at the Pan-American Conferences, between the years of 1889 and 1928. The main goal is to understand the identitary adresses built by the countries that were represented at the Conferences, as well as to define what were the arguments that explained the proximities and distances between Brazil and United States, and Brazil and the other Latin-American countries. It is also a goal to understand the debates about the customs union, as well as the discussions on the arbitrament issues.

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar, descrever e analisar a arquitetônica da divulgação científica materializada nos enunciados concretos das Conferências Populares da Glória, atividade representativa e de grande impacto da produção de divulgação da ciência do/no século XIX no Brasil. O pressuposto teórico que sustenta a investigação são as reflexões de Bakhtin e o Círculo, principalmente as elaborações sobre os conceitos de arquitetônica, esfera, gênero discursivo, entoação avaliativa, relações dialógicas, responsividade, ato ético, autoria, heterodiscurso, entre outros, com a finalidade de compreender como a arquitetônica dessa atividade é construída, a partir da articulação entre forma, material e conteúdo no confronto entre centros de valor na ordenação da unidade de sentido do seu discurso. Trata-se de um trabalho ancorado na Metalinguística bakhtiniana, o que nos fez levar em consideração a relação que os enunciados das conferências estabelecem com os horizontes ideológicos e sociais aos quais eles se inscrevem e com as condições concretas da existência e da vida dos discursos. Por meio dessa lupa teórico-metodológica, compreendemos a divulgação científica como resultado do diálogo entre diferentes esferas ideológicas, sobretudo as esferas científica e educacional. Assim, a partir de uma análise das singularidades da materialidade linguística semiotizada nos enunciados concretos dessas conferências, defendemos a tese de que sua arquitetônica é alicerçada sobre dois eixos nucleares: ciência e educação, os quais denominamos pilares arquitetônicos \'científico\' e \'educacional\'. Nesse caso, essas duas esferas e seus discursos são basilares para a \"arquitetura\" dessa arquitetônica, ao perseguirem o ideal de levar o país a um patamar de desenvolvimento, modernidade e civilização aos moldes dos países europeus e os Estados Unidos, por exemplo. A pesquisa resultou na presente tese assim estruturada: na primeira parte, há uma apresentação e discussão dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da pesquisa; na segunda parte, há uma contextualização sócio-histórica das atividades de divulgação científica no Brasil no século XIX, com destaque para as Conferências Populares da Glória (nosso corpus de pesquisa); finalizando, na terceira parte, com as análises das conferências sobre ciência e educação, que defendemos ser os pilares arquitetônicos sustentadores do projeto político-ideológico e discursivo das Conferências Populares da Glória. / The present research aims at identifying, describing and analyzing the architectonic of the scientific dissemination materialized in the concrete utterances of Glorias Popular Conferences, a representative and high-impact activity of the science dissemination production of and in the nineteenth century in Brazil. The theoretical assumption which supports the investigation is Bakhtins and his Circles reflections, mainly the elaborations on the concepts of architectonic, sphere, discourse genre, evaluative entonation, dialogic relations, responsivity, ethical action, authorship, heterodiscourse, among others, in order to understand how the architectonic of this activity has been built, from the joint of form, material and content in the confrontation between the value centers in the ordination of a sense unit of its discourse. It is about a work supported in the bakhtinian Metalinguistics, which makes us taking into consideration the relation that the conferences utterances established with the ideological and social horizons to which they belong to and with the concrete conditions of discourses existence and life. Throughout this theoretical-methodological lens, we understand the scientific dissemination as a result of dialogue among the ideological spheres, mostly the scientific and educational spheres. Thus, from an analysis of the singularities of the linguistic semiotized materiality, in these conferences concrete utterances, we defend the thesis that its architectonic is supported on two nuclear axes: science and education, which we call scientific and educational architectural pillars. In this case, these two spheres and their discourses are essential for the architecture of this architectonic, when they pursue the ideal of taking the country to a threshold of development, modernity and civilization in the form of the European countries and United States, for example. The research resulted in the present thesis structured this way: in the first part, there is a presentation and discussion on the theoretical-methodological assumptions of the research; in the second part, there is a socio-historical contextualization on the scientific dissemination activities in Brazil in the nineteenth century, more particularly Gloria\'s Popular Conferences (our research corpus); at last, in the third part, with the analysis of the conferences on science and education in which we defend as the architectural pillars supported by the political-ideological and discourse project of Glorias Popular Conferences.

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar, descrever e analisar a arquitetônica da divulgação científica materializada nos enunciados concretos das Conferências Populares da Glória, atividade representativa e de grande impacto da produção de divulgação da ciência do/no século XIX no Brasil. O pressuposto teórico que sustenta a investigação são as reflexões de Bakhtin e o Círculo, principalmente as elaborações sobre os conceitos de arquitetônica, esfera, gênero discursivo, entoação avaliativa, relações dialógicas, responsividade, ato ético, autoria, heterodiscurso, entre outros, com a finalidade de compreender como a arquitetônica dessa atividade é construída, a partir da articulação entre forma, material e conteúdo no confronto entre centros de valor na ordenação da unidade de sentido do seu discurso. Trata-se de um trabalho ancorado na Metalinguística bakhtiniana, o que nos fez levar em consideração a relação que os enunciados das conferências estabelecem com os horizontes ideológicos e sociais aos quais eles se inscrevem e com as condições concretas da existência e da vida dos discursos. Por meio dessa lupa teórico-metodológica, compreendemos a divulgação científica como resultado do diálogo entre diferentes esferas ideológicas, sobretudo as esferas científica e educacional. Assim, a partir de uma análise das singularidades da materialidade linguística semiotizada nos enunciados concretos dessas conferências, defendemos a tese de que sua arquitetônica é alicerçada sobre dois eixos nucleares: ciência e educação, os quais denominamos pilares arquitetônicos \'científico\' e \'educacional\'. Nesse caso, essas duas esferas e seus discursos são basilares para a \"arquitetura\" dessa arquitetônica, ao perseguirem o ideal de levar o país a um patamar de desenvolvimento, modernidade e civilização aos moldes dos países europeus e os Estados Unidos, por exemplo. A pesquisa resultou na presente tese assim estruturada: na primeira parte, há uma apresentação e discussão dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da pesquisa; na segunda parte, há uma contextualização sócio-histórica das atividades de divulgação científica no Brasil no século XIX, com destaque para as Conferências Populares da Glória (nosso corpus de pesquisa); finalizando, na terceira parte, com as análises das conferências sobre ciência e educação, que defendemos ser os pilares arquitetônicos sustentadores do projeto político-ideológico e discursivo das Conferências Populares da Glória. / The present research aims at identifying, describing and analyzing the architectonic of the scientific dissemination materialized in the concrete utterances of Glorias Popular Conferences, a representative and high-impact activity of the science dissemination production of and in the nineteenth century in Brazil. The theoretical assumption which supports the investigation is Bakhtins and his Circles reflections, mainly the elaborations on the concepts of architectonic, sphere, discourse genre, evaluative entonation, dialogic relations, responsivity, ethical action, authorship, heterodiscourse, among others, in order to understand how the architectonic of this activity has been built, from the joint of form, material and content in the confrontation between the value centers in the ordination of a sense unit of its discourse. It is about a work supported in the bakhtinian Metalinguistics, which makes us taking into consideration the relation that the conferences utterances established with the ideological and social horizons to which they belong to and with the concrete conditions of discourses existence and life. Throughout this theoretical-methodological lens, we understand the scientific dissemination as a result of dialogue among the ideological spheres, mostly the scientific and educational spheres. Thus, from an analysis of the singularities of the linguistic semiotized materiality, in these conferences concrete utterances, we defend the thesis that its architectonic is supported on two nuclear axes: science and education, which we call scientific and educational architectural pillars. In this case, these two spheres and their discourses are essential for the architecture of this architectonic, when they pursue the ideal of taking the country to a threshold of development, modernity and civilization in the form of the European countries and United States, for example. The research resulted in the present thesis structured this way: in the first part, there is a presentation and discussion on the theoretical-methodological assumptions of the research; in the second part, there is a socio-historical contextualization on the scientific dissemination activities in Brazil in the nineteenth century, more particularly Gloria\'s Popular Conferences (our research corpus); at last, in the third part, with the analysis of the conferences on science and education in which we defend as the architectural pillars supported by the political-ideological and discourse project of Glorias Popular Conferences.

Lokale Politiknetzwerke werden sowohl in der öffentlichen Sozialstaatsdebatte als auch in der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung als vielversprechende Instrumente zur Optimierung von Wohlfahrtsmärkten propagiert. So auch in der Diskussion um den deutschen Pflegemarkt und seine Steuerungsdefizite. Im Gegensatz zu den mit dem Steuerungsinstrument Pflegekonferenz verknüpften Erwartungen, sind dessen genaues Steuerungspotential und mögliche Erklärungsfaktoren bisher jedoch nicht systematisch untersucht worden. Den methodologischen Kern dieser Arbeit bilden eine strukturelle Politikfeldanalyse des deutschen Pflegemarktes in Kombination mit einer empirischen Einzelfallstudie zu den Steuerungsleistungen einer Pflegekonferenz. Grundlage ist ein spezifisches Analyseraster auf Basis des akteurzentrierten Institutionalismus, welches die Aufmerksamkeit in der Analyse der Erklärungsfaktoren auf die Kombination der Koordinationsinstrumente Markt und Netzwerk sowie die Ausgestaltung des institutionellen Rahmens durch Gesetzgebung und Selbstverwaltung lenken soll. Im Rahmen der empirischen Erhebung konnten kaum direkte und nur wenige indirekte Steuerungsleistungen nachgewiesen werden. Als Ergebnis der Analyse lässt sich festhalten, dass lokale Politiknetzwerke im Umfeld des deutschen Pflegemarktes grundsätzlich mit erheblichen Herausforderungen hinsichtlich ihrer Steuerungsfunktion zu kämpfen haben. Dies lässt sich zum einen darauf zurückführen, dass ein gemeinsames Steuerungsinteresse der Akteure nur in wenigen Bereichen vorhanden ist, da die Grundbedingung der Interdependenz selten gegeben ist und auch nur sehr eingeschränkt innerhalb von Pflegekonferenzen entwickelt werden kann. Zum anderen sind die steuerungsrelevanten Handlungsressourcen oftmals lokal nicht verfügbar, wodurch erschwerend die Steuerungsmöglichkeiten eingeschränkt werden. Je nach Steuerungsbereich sind diese Faktoren jedoch verschieden ausgeprägt, sodass sich unterschiedliche Steuerungspotentiale ergeben. / In the public and scientific welfare state debate local policy-networks are propagated as suitable means for strengthening the governance of welfare markets. The same applies to the debate on the German long-term care market and its deficiencies. In contrast to its prominence in the discussion, neither the governance-potential of so-called “care conferences” nor its explaining factors have thus far been systematically analyzed. At the heart of this thesis lies a structural policy-analysis in combination with an empirical single-case study, whereby the institutional design of the German long-term care market is used to explain the performance of a best-practice care conference. An analytical framework based on the actor-centered institutionalism serves as a basis for the analysis. Attention is thus focused on the combination of market and network modes of coordination as well as on the design of the institutional framework of the policy field through legislation and self-government. The evaluation of the care conference showed hardly any direct network-governance and only few indirect governance-results. In the course of the analysis this could be explained by a lack of common interest in collective governance, as the precondition of interdependence between the network-actors is often lacking and difficult to develop within the conferences. Furthermore the collective capability to govern local long-term care markets is in many cases limited, as the necessary institutional resources are seldom locally available. Depending on the area of governance, the influence of both factors varies so that care conferences offer differing governance-potentials. In conclusion care conferences struggle with their governance-function, since the institutional framework and the market leave little room for local network-governance.

The thesis considers three women conferences arranged by the National Council of Women of Sweden (NCWS) in Stockholm at the turn of the 20th century. NCWS was a branch of the International Council of Women and at its height it was an umbrella-organisation for about forty Swedish women organisations. The focus is on the role of the conferences as arenas for women who wanted to prove their ability and competence in society. The content, the form and the function of the conferences are analysed. The question whether the conferences arranged by the NCWS reflected the ideas, dilemmas and strategies of the bourgeois women’s movement is addressed. A larger historical development is illuminated – the formation of the bourgeois women movements for the public sphere in the process of modernity. The thesis explores different theories and shows how the concepts of class, gender, public sphere, modernity and trans-nationalism were dealt with at the conferences. The women conferences have been treated as manifestations; as a quintessence of the ideas and ambitions of the movement. The thesis asserts that the ideology of the movements was formulated and expressed not only in spoken words, but also in festivities, symbols and sisterhood. The class identity was manifested in the form of which the conferences were conducted. On the one hand, the conference women showed loyalty to the conservative society and the rigid class position. On the other hand, the conference initiators wanted to improve women’s opportunities of becoming citizens and to move the boarders between the public and the private. Ideologies such as Internationalism and Scandinavism became important in creating a collective identity.

<p>Research in Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) has identified a gap - the, so called, social-technical gap - between the wide range of human social interactions that CSCW ideally should support and what current technology actually does support. At the same time recent work in cognitive science and CSCW has begun to elucidate the multifarious roles that the body plays in cognitive processes as well as many forms of social interaction, e.g. gestures, pointing, eye-contact and bodily mimicry. The aim of this dissertation has been to analyse to what degree different aspects of embodied social interaction are supported by different types of synchronous, remote location CSCW technology, and to develop recommendations for future development concerning aspects of embodiment. For this purpose, a number of crucial aspects of embodied social interaction have been identified and about twenty CSCW systems - both research prototypes and commercial systems - have been analysed with respects to how well they support these different aspects. The analysis shows that most CSCW systems only support a very limited range of aspects of embodied social interaction.</p>

Many adults attend and rely on continuing professional education (CPE) throughout their careers, and CPE is big business for associations. One way associations deliver CPE is through educational conferences. While adult education theories and frameworks offer developmental and operational guidance and advice, there is little practice data to understand what meeting planning professionals actually do as they implement adult education conferences in practice. The purpose of this study was to identify the elements that practicing meeting planning professionals in associations utilize in CPE conference planning and which elements are considered the most important. This study accessed a senior group of association planners who held credentials offered by meeting planning industry associations. In all, 40 participants with a cumulative 784 years of experience participated in eight, online focus group discussions. Utilizing a constructivist orientation, the study employed grounded theory to identify 23 specific elements which were divided into three overarching categories: CPE-related, business-related, and venue. When compared with the cited theoretical models, six of these 23 elements were strongly supported, eight elements were supported, and nine elements were not supported. Only two elements in the cited literature did not appear in the research group-derived list. The three most important elements that emerged were goals and objectives, budget, and venue. A model to describe these findings is offered. This project studied actual practice to understand it better in light of the literature of adult education program planning models. The subject pool was very narrow and the results of this research cannot be generalized. The findings, while partially represented in the literature, fit no single previous model. The most important implications of this study may be to provide insight into adult education in CPE association conference application and suggest areas for future research.