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This study explores and critically examines the role of indigenous mechanisms (the Inter-Tribal Reconciliation Conferences-ITRCs) in resolving tribal conflicts in South Darfur State of Western Sudan. The fundamental question raised by this study is: have these reconciliation conferences- 1989-2009- been able to address the root causes of the tribal conflicts and are they capable of serving the same role that they once did? Tribal leadership structures, such as Native Administration (NA) and their mechanisms of conflict resolution/management in Darfur, have been subjected to highly significant changes over time. The question is to what extent these changes further fuelled tribal conflicts and/or have negatively affected the capability of the NA and the ITRCs to deal with these conflicts? This thesis relies on archive records and reports of the ITRCs and data generated through interviews conducted with key informants. Through a detailed analysis the study: 1) presents a detailed account of the major conflicts and their causes in South Darfur; 2) identifies the changing identities of the protagonists and of the perceived causes; 3) assesses the effectiveness of the agreements reached by these conferences when considered alongside the causes identified. Analysis of the ITRCs shows that tribal conflicts in Darfur (from1980s), and South Darfur in particular, were connected to the wider political conflict in the Sudan and the region respectively. The analysis suggests that the history of neglect/marginalisation of the region by successive governments, and the political manipulation of the NA and local government, have negatively affected the performance of these institutions. The experience of the ITRCs indicates that they were unable to address the underlying causes of the tribal conflicts, such as land disputes, the manipulation of the NA and local government, rape and mass killings.

Research has demonstrated much evidence for the positive effect of parent involvement on academic achievement in children (Jeynes, 2003, 2007; Hoover-Dempsey, Walker, Sandler, Whetsel, Green, Wilkins, & Closson, 2005; Fan & Chen, 2001; Griffith, 1996). As children from low income and ethnic minority families are at the greatest risk for academic failure, it is important to study the processes that lead parents to become involved within at-risk populations. A comprehensive model such as the one proposed by Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler (1995, 1997) provides a map of important constructs to study. Research using this model appears promising as a way to conceptualize the processes that lead to parent involvement (Walker, Wilkins, Dallaire, Sandler, & Hoover-Dempsey, 2005). However, there are few studies that have tested this model with minority populations, and none that have focused on a primarily Latino population. Parent involvement research indicates inconsistent findings regarding the role of family background variables in the process of parent involvement (Ho & Willms, 1996; Griffith, 1998). The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parent perceived invitations for involvement on parent involvement behavior with a primarily low-income, urban, Latino population. Two levels of the Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler model were tested: parent perceived invitations for involvement (child invitations, school invitations, and teacher invitations) and parent involvement behavior (home-based and school-based). Child invitations and teacher invitations were both found to be important types of invitation for total parent involvement (home-based and school-based combined). Home language, employment status, and parent education level moderated the effect of child invitations on total parent involvement. When parent involvement was differentiated into home-based and school-based involvement as separate dependent variables, child invitations had a significant effect on both types of involvement. Home language, employment status, and parent education level moderated the effect of child invitations on home-based parent involvement. For this population, child invitations for involvement appear to be the most important means to invite parent participation. Future research should continue to investigate the utility of Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler’s model of parent involvement with specific ethnic groups, and consider family background variables due to their potentially moderating role. / text

In this paper we analyze development problems and tendencies of virtual education. Separately it’s emphasized the situation with distance education (DE) in Lithuania. The structure, principles and facilities of LieDM network are briefly described. In the first part of the paper main attention is paid to the technological aspect. Examples of different methodologies are overviewed as well as existing norms and standards. In detail we overview the requirements of recorded video presentations and solutions using different media formats and software products. In the second part the specific situation of DE application in Klaipeda University is analyzed. We make the requirement specification and the description of application area. Finally we make a design of the virtual learning management system using procedures of system engineering.

The primary goal of this study was to identify key success factors for the management of a conference centre in South Africa. This goal was achieved by firstly portraying an overview of the conference industry in South Africa. Secondly, a literature study was conducted in order to determine the aspects in the literature that are regarded as of vital importance in managing a conference centre. Thirdly, the results of the empirical research were discussed. Lastly, conclusions were drawn from the research and recommendations were made with regard to further research. From the literature study, aspects of strategic management, financial management, marketing management, human resource management and management of operational aspects were identified as being important in the management of a conference centre. These aspects were used to compile a questionnaire. The objective of the questionnaire was to measure the importance that conference centre managers attach to the identified elements. Questionnaires were e-mailed to 250 conference centres. A total of 100 questionnaires were received back. The study population consisted of a database as compiled by the researcher from the Direct Access Conference Handbook (2004) and the Africa Conference Directory (2006/7). Questionnaires were also handed out personally to exhibitors at the INDABA Tourism Exhibition (2006). From the responses to the questionnaire it can be deduced that conference centre managers regard the aspects of strategic management, financial management, marketing management, human resource management and management of operational details as important to very important. A factor analysis was done to determine the key success factors in managing a conference centre. The following factors were identified, namely to: • Provide a conference centre with a functional layout and the correct variety of activities; • perform marketing management; • ensure that operational aspects are in place; • do proper planning; • provide an attractive venue and conduct a post-conference evaluation; and • perform human resource management. Conference centre managers have to apply the above-mentioned key success factors to ensure that the conference centre is successful over the longterm. / Thesis (M.A. (Tourism))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

This study looks at the National Citizens' Technology Forum (NCTF), a modified version of the consensus conference, which took place in March, 2008 in six cities across the U.S. to understand how inclusive these methods of public participation are in practice. The research focused on two of these sites. Inclusion of participants was defined in terms of presence, voice and being heard. Transcripts of the audio-visual recordings of the proceedings were the main data of analysis. By focusing on the talk within these deliberative forums, the study looked at how the rules of engagement and status (ascribed and achieved) differences between participants can affect inclusion. The analysis did not reveal any substantial effects of ascribed characteristics on deliberation. Facilitation and the presence of expertise among the participants were found to influence inclusion and equality among participants. These findings suggest that organizers and facilitators of deliberative exercises have to be reflexive of their role as well as aware of the group dynamics. The results also address the larger questions within science and technology policy like the role of expertise and the public in decision making, the institutional design of participatory exercises, and their relation to the political culture and the policy process.

Submitted by Flavia Santos (flaviarosa@terra.com.br) on 2017-10-18T12:45:51Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao Flavia Finalizada 15 de outubro (1).pdf: 3868748 bytes, checksum: ac96f8e99acbae7541bc732044bf7fbc (MD5) Carta_Wilson.pdf: 512232 bytes, checksum: ad81f02350223f292560aeff35fad17d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (bco.producao.intelectual@gmail.com) on 2017-11-29T08:19:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao Flavia Finalizada 15 de outubro (1).pdf: 3868748 bytes, checksum: ac96f8e99acbae7541bc732044bf7fbc (MD5) Carta_Wilson.pdf: 512232 bytes, checksum: ad81f02350223f292560aeff35fad17d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (bco.producao.intelectual@gmail.com) on 2017-11-29T08:19:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao Flavia Finalizada 15 de outubro (1).pdf: 3868748 bytes, checksum: ac96f8e99acbae7541bc732044bf7fbc (MD5) Carta_Wilson.pdf: 512232 bytes, checksum: ad81f02350223f292560aeff35fad17d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-29T08:26:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao Flavia Finalizada 15 de outubro (1).pdf: 3868748 bytes, checksum: ac96f8e99acbae7541bc732044bf7fbc (MD5) Carta_Wilson.pdf: 512232 bytes, checksum: ad81f02350223f292560aeff35fad17d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-17 / Não recebi financiamento / To study the Elderly Councils assume in the comprehension of the historical context in which the Councils of Rights appeared. The Elderly Councils are part of a protection network, once they are participative instances in the defense of their rights. In this sense, two important legal lines are highlighted, the National Policies for the Elderly, which institutionalized them, and the Statute of the Elderly, which ratify them. In this way, it is presented the subject of the social participation which refers to sharing the power of decision regarding public subjects in these participative spaces (TATAGIBA 2002, GOHN 2002,2011a), after and before the 1988 Federal Constitution. The objectives of this research are to comprehend the structures and the operation of these Councils, to present the areas in which the demands of the elderly population were evidenced on three Conferences of the Elderly People Rights, and to analyze an Elderly Council located in a city in the State of São Paulo. The research is part of the qualitative methodological framework characterized as a case study (Godoy, 2006). The results demonstrated that it was possible to understand the singularity and particularity that were present in this Council, and from this understanding, a booklet was developed in order to extend the knowledge to other Councils that identify themselves with this problematic. The social relevance of this research is the possibility of presenting an educational action for the members of the Elderly Municipal Council and contribute with the performance of the tasks of the Council members. / Estudar os Conselhos do Idoso implica na compreensão do contexto histórico em que surgiram os Conselhos de Direitos. Os Conselhos do Idoso fazem parte de uma rede de proteção, visto serem instâncias participativas na defesa dos seus direitos. Neste sentido, destacam-se dois marcos jurídicos importantes, a Política Nacional do Idoso, que os institucionalizam, e o Estatuto do Idoso, que os ratificam. Assim, apresenta-se o tema da participação social no que se refere à partilha de poder de decisão em assuntos públicos nestes espaços participativos (TATAGIBA 2002, GOHN 2002, 2011a) antes e depois da Constituição Federal de 1988. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivos compreender as estruturas e o funcionamento destes Conselhos, apresentar as áreas em que aparecem as demandas da população idosa levantadas em três Conferências dos Direitos da Pessoa Idosa, e analisar um Conselho do Idoso de um município no interior do Estado de São Paulo. A pesquisa insere-se no quadro metodológico qualitativo caracterizando-se como um estudo de caso (GODOY, 2006). Os resultados demonstraram que foi possível entender a singularidade e particularidade presentes neste Conselho, e a partir deste entendimento, desenvolveu-se uma cartilha para estender o conhecimento para outros Conselhos que se identifiquem com a problemática. A relevância social desta pesquisa é a possibilidade de apresentar uma ação educativa para os membros dos Conselhos Municipais do Idoso e contribuir para o desempenho das funções de conselheiros.

A tese estuda a evolução histórica do atitude multilateral do Brasil. Parte da noção que o multilateralismo é um aspecto significativo da política externa brasileira, desde as primeiras conferências internacionais dos países americanos, que começam ainda no fim do século XIX. Em tempos recentes, na Liga das Nações, mas sobretudo nas Nações Unidas, a importância das instituições multilaterais só fez crescer. O estudo parte, no ângulo teórico, da perspectiva de que o multilateralismo tem uma lógica própria e que, ao aceitá-la, o comportamento diplomático dos Estados deve naturalmente estar em sintonia com o que aquela lógica impõe. A concepção de John Ruggie apóia a parte teórica da tese e sustenta o seu objetivo central, que é o de procura definir o que seriam constantes do comportamento multilateral do Brasil. Procura-se mostrar que suas origens estariam nas reações que a diplomacia brasileira teve ao Pan Americanismo, se fixaram com nossa participação na II Conferência da Haia, quando, com Ruy Barbosa, defendemos que as instituições multilaterais deveriam estar fundadas na igualdade entre os Estados e com a aspiração a uma participação influente nos processos decisórios internacionais, expresso recentemente com a aspiração a um lugar permanente no Conselho de Segurança das Nações. / The thesis studies the evolution of Brazil´s multilateral attitude. It accepts the notion that multilateralism has been a meaningful aspect of Brazilian foreign policy since the first conferences of American States, a series of international gatherings that began at the end of nineteenth century. From them on, after the creation of the League of Nations and, specially, the United Nations, the importance of multilateral institutions for Brazil has grown consistently. From the theoretical perspective, the thesis accepts the idea that multilateralism is defined by a singular logic and States, when working in multilateral institutions, are bound by that logic. John Ruggie´s conception of nultilateralism supoorts that idea and frames the main goal of the thesis, that is, a investigation of the constant patterns of Brazil´s multilateral behavior. The origins of those patterns could be identified in the diplomatic reactions to the challenges of the Pan American conferences. But, the patterns became more evident during our participation in the II Peace Conference (Hague, 1907) when our delegation, headed by Ruy Barbosa, advocated the understanding that necessary foundation of the multilateral institutions is the equality among States. Another constant is the Brazilian wish to have a more influential participation in the decision making process of the international institutions, as today shown in our aspiration to occupy a permanent seat at the Security Council of the United Nations.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:36:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cassiane Cominoti Abreu - Parte 1.pdf: 127661 bytes, checksum: 1d193e49438d6eede297963c1ba9c22e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Os objetivos do estudo são analisar como a intersetorialidade foi inserida no processo de construção da política de saúde brasileira, tendo por base o debate construído pelo movimento pela reforma sanitária e Plenária Nacional de Saúde nas décadas de 1970 e 1980, e identificar a intersetorialidade no debate das conferências internacionais de saúde da Organização Mundial de Saúde. A pesquisa se caracteriza por ser qualitativa, orientada pelo método materialista-histórico-dialético. Utilizou-se a pesquisa documental e pesquisa de campo. A primeira envolveu a coleta e a análise de documentos que foram formulados na periodicidade estudada e a pesquisa de campo foi efetuada a partir de 4 entrevistas com participantes da plenária nacional de saúde. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo. O estudo aponta que no processo de construção da política de saúde brasileira havia dois projetos societais em disputa que congregavam significados diferenciados de intersetorialidade. O projeto neoliberal defende um significado de intersetorialidade baseado na articulação entre os setores em uma perspectiva técnica e racionalizadora que esconde um significado político e ideológico a favor da redução dos recursos financeiros para a política de saúde. Este é o significado de intersetorialidade presente nas conferências internacionais da OMS e manteve forte influência na 7ª Conferência Nacional de Saúde no Brasil. O projeto defendido pela reforma sanitária mantinha um significado de intersetorialidade a favor da articulação entre políticas sociais e da expansão de direitos sociais com a conseqüente consolidação do conceito de saúde defendido pelo movimento sanitário. O estudo conclui que a intersetorialidade pode ser paradoxalmente restritivo e reafirmador de projetos coletivos estruturados em torno da superação das condições de desigualdade e injustiça social / This study aims at analyzing how the intersectoriality was inserted in the construction process of the Brazilian health policy, having the debate built by the movement and by the sanitary reform and the National Plenary Health as its basis in the 70 s and 80 s, and identifying the intersectoriality in the debate of international health conferences of the World Health Organization. The research is characterized by being qualitative, oriented by the materialistic-historical-dialectic method. A documental and field research was used. The first one involved the collection and analysis of documents which were formulated in the studied periodicity and the field research was performed in four interviews with participants of the national plenary health. The content analysis was used for the data analysis. The study indicates that in the construction process of the Brazilian health policy there were two societary projects in dispute that congregated different meanings from intersectoriality. The neoliberal project defends a meaning of intersectoriality based on the articulation among sectors in a technical and rational perspective which hinders a political and ideological meaning in favor of the reduction of financial resources for the health policy. This is the meaning for intersectoriality present in the international conferences of WHO and it had a strong influence in the 7th National Health Conference in Brazil. The project defended by the sanitary reform kept a meaning of intersectoriality in favor of the articulation among social policies and the expansion of social rights with the consequent consolidation of health concept defended by the sanitary movement. The study concludes that intersectoriality can be paradoxically restrictive and reasserting of collective projects structured around the overcoming of inequality and social inequity conditions

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-09-23T11:41:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 lorenagoretticarvalhobarroso.pdf: 6501862 bytes, checksum: 630d3cef0715e8aeef8c95cefe7d358b (MD5) / Rejected by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br), reason: Favor corrigir no título: SUS on 2016-10-04T15:51:46Z (GMT) / Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-10-04T17:08:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 lorenagoretticarvalhobarroso.pdf: 6501862 bytes, checksum: 630d3cef0715e8aeef8c95cefe7d358b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-10-05T11:30:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lorenagoretticarvalhobarroso.pdf: 6501862 bytes, checksum: 630d3cef0715e8aeef8c95cefe7d358b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-10-05T11:30:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lorenagoretticarvalhobarroso.pdf: 6501862 bytes, checksum: 630d3cef0715e8aeef8c95cefe7d358b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-05T11:30:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lorenagoretticarvalhobarroso.pdf: 6501862 bytes, checksum: 630d3cef0715e8aeef8c95cefe7d358b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / A presente dissertação visa contribuir para as reflexões acerca da participação da comunicação nas práticas sociais, uma vez que a produção de informação e o conhecimento a respeito de políticas públicas e dos espaços de participação perpassa o discurso produzido, debatido e endossado pelos grandes meios de comunicação. Desta forma, discute-se a interface da comunicação com a saúde e a abertura de perspectivas para os estudos do campo compósito da Comunicação e Saúde, o qual é marcado por disputas de sentidos em que a centralidade e a potencialidade de alcance da mídia configuram a comunicação como importante zona de diálogo em função da amplitude das políticas públicas de saúde. A Constituição Federal de 1988, ao incorporar algumas deliberações da 8ª Conferência Nacional de Saúde (CNS), estabeleceu a garantia da saúde como direito de todos e dever do Estado tendo como marcos a criação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e a instituição da participação da comunidade como uma de suas diretrizes. Nesta perspectiva, esta pesquisa propõe-se a analisar os discursos materializados nas notícias publicadas pelos jornais impressos Folha de S. Paulo e O Globo a respeito das sete Conferências Nacionais de Saúde realizadas entre 1992 e 2015 (da 9ª a 15ª CNS). A partir dos dispositivos de Análise de Discurso, verifica-se a centralidade dos meios de comunicação na mobilização de sentidos hegemônicos que tangenciam o funcionamento do Estado, tendo em vista a recorrência de formações discursivas que atribuem a ele a responsabilidade por uma suposta má gestão e um subfinanciamento da saúde pública em concomitância a discursos neoliberais. Observa-se, ainda que em menor escala, a presença de sentidos que remetem ao controle social das políticas públicas de saúde. Trata-se, portanto, de um olhar transversal a respeito das relações de poder manifestas no discurso produzido sobre a saúde por meio de mecanismos comunicativos. / This thesis aims to contribute to the reflections on the participation of communication in social practices, once the production of information and knowledge about public policies and spaces for participation that cross the discourse produced, debated and endorsed by the media. Thus, we discuss the communication interface between health and opening prospects for studies of the composite field of Communication and Health, which is marked by disputes of senses in which the centrality and the media potential reach that configures the communication as an important role in dialogue zone in function of the public health policies. The Federal Constitution of 1988, when incorporate some resolutions of the 8th National Health Conference (CNS), established the guarantee of health as a universal right and duty of the State taking as benchmarks the creation of the Unified Health System (SUS) and the institution of community participation as one of its guidelines. This mainstay, our research propose the analysis of the speeches materialized in the news published by newspapers Folha de S. Paulo and O Globo about the seven National Health Conferences held between 1992 and 2015 (from 9th to 15th CNS). From the Discourse Analysis devices, we verify the centrality of the media in mobilizing hegemonic meanings that also affect the functioning of the state, given the recurrence of discursive formations that give it responsibility for an alleged mismanagement and underfunding of public health concomitantly the neoliberal discourse. We observed, although to a lesser extent, the presence of meanings that refer to the social control of public health policies. It is, therefore, a cross look about the power relations manifest in the discourse produced about health through communicative mechanisms.