The media landscape is changing, the blogs has taken focus from the traditional media. The PR industry is having a hard time following the rapid development, especially developing an ethical framework. This study aims to examine how PR-practitioners who works at PR- agencies, members of the industry association PRECIS, discuss blog cooperations as a tool on behalf of their clients. The study also examines how the collaboration between the agency and the blogger operate, especially how practitioners discuss issues concerning ethics and moral in their blog cooperations. This study is based on qualitative interviews with PR-practitioners who describes their thoughts of working with blogs as a tool and how they reflect on ethics, rules and frameworks. The findings of this research indicate that there is an uncertainty in the industry due to how practitioners approach to an ethical framework. The findings also show that practitioners see the blog as a great asset and that the medium is under constant development.

This thesis provides an analysis of the co-production of the defense function as provided by the legislative branch, Department of Defense (DoD) and the defense industry at large. The aim of the study will be to examine the evolution of the procurement and contracting process since World War II with a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the increasingly symbiotic relationship between DoD and corporate America. This relationship has evolved significantly over the last halfcentury. It is no longer merely transactional as each side has leveraged the wartime and peacetime interaction to yield upgrades in weapon systems and capabilities that may have been otherwise unattainable in the same time frame. The benefits of this research include the identification and assessment of the intricacies of the DoD-defense industry relationship, particularly with regard to financial management, to elucidate significant trends, and characteristics that pose potential risk and warrant further study.

Our study examines teachers’ knowledge about the neuropsychiatric disability ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). ADHD is related to hyperactivity, impulsivity and attention dependent. It’s a neuropsychiatric disability that can be found as a disorder for pupils in the social and development environment. It requires knowledge from the teachers to create a safe and learning environment for pupils with this kind of disability. The purpose of our study is to examine which pedagogical method teachers use to create an equal education for those who have ADHD. The method in this examination is based on interviews and observations in three different schools. The results show that teachers have different knowledge to create strategies for a learning environment for pupils with ADHD. Our study also shows that it’s not just the environment that matters. The study show that interaction and to cooperate has an important meaning in the development. They need structure they can follow through the day and they need the special assistant tools that pushes the pupils to complete their homework and to follow the pedagogy that is given in the classroom. To give this opportunity, the teachers have to include every pupil no matter what need they have. The special assistance has tools and methods that they use to facilitate the pedagogy for the pupils with ADHD.

Evolutionary game theory tries to explain the emergence of stable behaviors observed in human and animal societies. Prominent examples of such behaviors are cooperative and conformist behaviors. In the first part of the thesis, we develop a model of indirect reciprocity with institutional screening to study how institutions may promote cooperative behavior. We show that cooperation can emerge if screening institutions are sufficiently reliable at identifying cooperators. The second part presents a large-population learning model in which individuals update their beliefs through time. In the model, only one individual updates his beliefs each period. We show that a population, playing a game with two strategies, eventually learns to play a Nash equilibrium. We focus on coordination games and prove that a unique behavior arises both when players use myopic and perturbed best replies. The third part studies the payoff calculation in an evolutionary setting. By introducing mutual consent as a requirement for game play, we provide a more realistic alternative way to compute payoffs. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript.</p>

This study is an intervention study conducted on students in the middle years of a Swedish suburban school. The aim of the study is to examine students’ cooperative skills in ball games in the subject of physical education. The study’s questions focus on what emerges in activity and in conversation when students receive cooperative tasks that they must complete together in ball games, and how these conversations and activities change during the learning process. The study also focuses on the patterns that occur in the game room when students must help each other cooperate, and on the consequences of these patterns for the learning of cooperation in ball games. The intervention consisted of three game laboratories, created as special tasks by means of cooperation, which were orchestrated. The study is based on and can be understood through John Dewey's pragmatic epistemology. It has a  constructionist basis which means that learning and development is seen as an active process where individuals creat meaning in cooperation with others. Furthermore, the theoretical framework implies that students and the environment are seen as constantly interacting, creating each other in a mutual transactional process. A practical epistemology analysis (PEA) was used for the analysis of `talk and action´ in order to explore students' constructions and reconstructions of meaning making and learning about cooperation in ballgames. The empirical material consists of 24 games played and 24 rounds of talks. The first game laboratory focuses on what students are doing and talking about when they are asked to achieve the first pass. The second game laboratory focuses on what they do and talk about in order to succeed together in getting across the field’s halfway line before they get to shoot at goal. The third game laboratory focuses on what students should do to achieve the final pass before shooting at goal. The analysis of the game laboratories shows that it is not enough to pass or to create space as, own rooms in order to achieve cooperation in ballgames. The students’ actions and agreements during talks must also harmonise with the purpose of the task in order to allow learning to cooperate in ballgames to occur. The patterns that emerged in the game room were convergence and divergence; students created their own rooms as well as isolated rooms. Furthermore, densified game room was observed to hinder cooperation, and thinned room to favour cooperation. / Forskningslinjen Utbildning

Cooperation with guardians in multicultural preschools - A qualitative study of four educators’ ideas about cultural diversity and its impact on cooperation Author: Mathilda Eddestål Mentor: Åsa Arketeg Term: Fall 2016 Abstract: The purpose of this study is to research educator’s communication strategies in multicultural schools, based on whether the educator’s weights in the multicultural background of the child’s guardian(s) in the cooperation process. My research questions are: - What communication strategies have educators to achieve cooperation with the guardians? - In what way is the cultural background of the guardian being considered by the guardians in cooperation? To answer these questions, I have made a qualitative study with semi-structural interviews as a method, which are completed with educators working in multicultural pre-schools. A conclusive finding of this study shows that there is no clear assertive view about whether the educator should or should not take heed of a guardian’s multicultural background. Taking the full span of this study into consideration, I would argue that educators puts great effort to emphasize the structural boundaries of their institution and trying to communicate this to the child’s guardians. However, time and resource constraints limits this effort to a formal directive, rather than a pragmatic execution. The end results gathered from this study is that this specific area should get a lot more attention from managers to give educators the chance to reach the goal marker considering their mission to cooperate with the child’s guardians in an intercultural way.

The increase in tourism for as well Sweden and Stockholm’s archipelago leads to a heightened competition between the different destinations in the archipelago. There’s also an increase in branding cities and places around the word as well as creating an identity for tourist to recognize themselves in a destination. The creation of a place brand and identity may be one of the most important factors for destinations competitiveness. This study examines how Vaxholm tries to create an identity to influence the destinations current image. The aim of the study is to examine how a destination brands itself to mediate an unified image. The aim is answered by three different question formulations, which contains how Vaxholm brands itself by the cooperation between different stakeholders and how this cooperation is working. The data has been gathered by seven different interviews in a qualitative fashion with members from the organisation “Destination Vaxholm”. The respondents where both members in the destination as well some of them hade a more leading role. The empirical evidence has later been analysed through previous theories written in the field, which makes the study deductive. The results show that Vaxholm is branding their destination through the organisation “Destination Vaxholm”. Through this forum the different stakeholders are allowed to develop and reinforce events and activities, which currently exist on the destination. The members have a will to create an identity and image, which tells a visitor that, its possible to travel to the destination all year around, not just during the summer. The organisation is newly created which makes the cooperation between stakeholders new and the trust between them hasn’t been questioned yet. The result also shows that the organisation is democratic and the will to cooperate between the different members is vital. / Turismen till Sverige och Stockholms skärgård ökar vilket leder till en ökad konkurrens när de olika destinationerna inom Stockholms skärgård vill locka turister. Det har även blivit en ökning i att skapa varumärken för städer och platser runt om i världen samt att skapa en identitet för turister att känna igen sig i. Att en plats skapar ett starkt varumärke och identitet kan vara den viktigaste konkurrerande faktorn för destinationen. Denna studie undersöker Vaxholm och hur destinationen bygger upp sitt varumärke genom olika aktörer. Studien innefattar även hur Vaxholm försöker att skapa en identitet för att påverka imagen destinationen har i dagsläget. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur en destination bygger upp ett varumärke för att på så vis förmedla en gemensam image. Studiens syfte har besvarats genom tre olika frågeställningar vilka innefattar hur Vaxholm bygger upp sitt varumärke genom samarbetet mellan olika aktörer på destinationen samt hur detta samarbete ter sig. Studiens empiri har samlats in på ett kvalitativt sätt genom sju stycken semi-strukturerade intervjuer med medlemmar från organisationen “Destination Vaxholm”. Respondenterna var såväl inom styrgruppen som vanliga medlemmar inom organisationen. Empirin har sedan analyserats mot tidigare skrivna teorier inom forskningsämnet vilket gör studien deduktiv. Resultatet visar att Vaxholm bygger upp sitt varumärke genom den ekonomiska föreningen “Destination Vaxholm”. Här samlas det aktörer från olika sektorer för att utveckla och förstärka evenemang samt aktiviteter som finns på Vaxholm. Destination Vaxholms medlemmar vill skapa en identitet och image över destinationen att det är en året om destination istället för en ”sommardestination”, vilket präglar destinationen i dagsläget. Organisationen är nyskapad vilket gör att samarbetet mellan de olika aktörerna är nytt vilket resulterar i att tilliten mellan aktörerna inte har behövts ifrågasättas än. Resultaten visar även på att det är en demokratisk organisation vilket endast fungerar om medlemmarna har en vilja att samarbeta med varandra.

Denna studie ämnar att ingående undersöka begreppet samverkan med hjälp av en hermeneutisk textanalys av sju publikationer författade av Socialstyrelsen rörande barn och unga. Studien syftar till att fördjupa förståelsen av hur samverkansbegreppet förstås och används i en svensk myndighetskontext. De publikationer vi valt att studera av Socialstyrelsen är tänkta att fungera som vägledande för olika professionella vilket gör att hur samverkan framställs i publikationerna kan påverka hur samverkan fungerar i praktiken, vilket vi menar legitimerar studien. I resultatet redovisar vi för vilken innebörd samverkan tillskrivs, vilka anledningar det finns till att samverka och på vilket sätt människor och organisationer påverkas av samverkan enligt de utvalda publikationerna. Studien leder fram till slutsatser om att innebörden av begreppet samverkan är fragmentarisk och att de vanligaste anledningarna till samverkan är ömsesidighet och effektivitet. Samt att kunskapen inom publikationerna kring på vilket sätt samverkan egentligen påverkar människor och organisationer är otillräcklig. / This study aims to examine in depth the concept of cooperation by means of a hermeneutical text analysis of seven publications written by Socialstyrelsen concerning children and young people. The aim of the study is to deepen the understanding of how the cooperation concept is understood and used in a Swedish government context. The publications we chose to study by Socialstyrelsen are thought to serve as guidance for different professionals, which means that the way in which cooperation concepts are produced in the publications can affect how the interaction works in practice, which we believe legitimizes the study. In the result, we report what cooperation concepts are attributed, what reasons there are for cooperation and how people and organizations are affected by cooperation. The study leads to conclusions that the meaning of the concept of cooperation is fragmentary and that the most common reasons for cooperation are reciprocity and effectiveness. And that the knowledge in the publications about the way in which cooperation really affects people and organizations is insufficient.

1 Abstract Central Asia is located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia. The region includes five different countries, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The countries differ in the terms of the economic development, and a degree of the openness of the national economies, as well as in the foreign trade and the orientation of the foreign policy. Some states of the region belong to the poorest countries of the world while the others keep a quite successful way of the economic development. In the region there are countries which retain sufficiently isolated from the world economy (such as Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) and Kazakhstan which formed an open liberal economy since gaining the independence. Also there are countries which focused on the development of cooperation with Europe as well as the other regions abroad and at the same time there are countries aimed at preserving and developing the deeper ties with neighboring Russia and China. In June 2007 the European Council of the EU adopted a new strategy towards Central Asia for the period from 2007 to 2013. And despite the strategy is short-term, yet it is a political document (Council of the European Union, 2007). In accordance with the adopted «Strategy for a New Partnership» the EU engages with the region in many areas,...

This master thesis is focused on issues of technology transfer and cooperation between universities and application area. The aim is to disclose the barriers and factors that affect technology transfer and to identify the spatial pattern of cooperation. Theory of regional systems, concepts of triple helix, differentiated knowledge bases and models of learning are verified by a case study of Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague. For the verification were used guided interviews with selected leaders of research teams at Faculty of Science. This thesis points out that the local specifics shape the character of cooperation. On the other hand comparison with research institutions in South Moravia shows that barriers affecting technology transfer are national. The comparison also shows that the existence of supporting institutions can positively affect the transfer of knowledge between academic and industry sphere. Key words: technology transfer, cooperation, personal contacts