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Keen efforts have been put by Taiwanese government into creative education projects; however, possible paradoxes resulting from adopting the ethos behind the Western theories and practices have not been considered. Questions of how creativity and creative education should be defined in the Taiwanese educational context, how compatible the Taiwanese school cultures are with the objective of enhancing creativity, or how teachers and pupils cherish creativity, have not been asked. Within the reformed curriculum and creative education projects, there is no clear picture of what kind of creative capacity should be developed through education, nor guidelines of what pedagogical strategies to adopt for promoting creativity. In this research the responses of pupils and teachers are investigated through designing and teaching a series of drama lessons based on the school curricula in the two cases under study. The approaches to teaching drama are linked with a framework of creative pedagogy informed by theories of fostering creativity in educational settings. A descriptive case study approach was employed to capture the dynamics, modes of involvements, and subtle relationships of the participants, whose accounts were collected concerning their views of the lessons, the evaluation of the ways of teaching and learning, and the ethos behind the pedagogy. Key issues in adopting creative pedagogy in Taiwan context are discussed, and implications for contextualizing creative pedagogy are proposed. Suggestions for future research in creative pedagogy are also provided.

Many countries across the globe are undergoing rapid economic and social change; and there are increasing efforts to reform, revamp and revitalise education – to equip students for the ever-changing future. Education is considered to be transformative; but the area of transformative learning has been mainly theorised in the field of adult education. Comparatively, teaching approaches designed to bring about such transformation or transformative teaching has been less explored or understood. Connecting various related literature, this study places deeper learning at the centre of transformation through learning. Aiming to fill a gap within the literature, this study explores transformation through learning in a comprehensive school setting at a K-5 School in the North East of the United States by asking the following questions, ‘What are the teachers’ and students’ lived experiences of transformation through music and arts infused creative learning as practiced at an Elementary School in Northeast of USA?’ and ‘What is the role of the arts and music in this process?’. Located within the interpretive paradigm, this ethnographic case study included 7 – 14-year-old students (Grade 2 – Grade 5) and staff, aimed at investigating the phenomenon of ‘transformation through learning’ through a range of sources within its natural environment. Various data collection methods were used, including semi-structured interviews, observations (field notes, video-recordings, still images), conceptual drawing and learning walks. These provided rich, in-depth data, permitting triangulation which strengthened the findings and allowed for an illuminating understanding of the topic. An iteratively developed framework representing elements or behaviours relating to transformation was utilised as a lens to identify relevant critical incidents during the data collection process. Employing thematic analysis on the data collected resulted in eight themes that represent the lived experiences of transformation through learning. These thematic findings highlight that relevance, mindsets and placing arts at centre of the school culture are key to providing transformative learning experiences. The study connects two arguments, that fostering deeper learning enables students to meet new expectations and demands of the changing future; and that it is vital to provide students with a well-rounded curriculum with rich arts education to prepare them for success in the future. Thus, the findings of this study develop the understanding of ‘transformation through learning’ and offer a model framework from the practice at this research site from which others could create their own.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Esta à uma investigaÃÃo qualitativa de carÃter etnogrÃfico. Com intuito de compreender os sentidos da escolarizaÃÃo para alunos tidos como problemÃticos, que sÃo assim classificados nessa investigaÃÃo por criarem problemas disciplinares na escola ou por apresentarem pouco interesse em participar das atividades escolares, tive com a presente pesquisa o objetivo principal de perceber os sentidos que essas crianÃas atribuem à escola, Ãs prÃticas escolares e aos saberes por ela transmitidos. Mais especificamente, pretendi investigar:1) Qual a funÃÃo da escola para a crianÃa no que diz respeito Ãs prÃticas e saberes, 2) O que gostam e nÃo gostam dessas prÃticas que vivenciam e saberes que lhes sÃo repassados, 3) Como, em diferentes contextos, as crianÃas interpretam e se apropriam das prÃticas, espaÃos e saberes da escola e 4) O que esperam de uma escola e do processo de escolarizaÃÃo. Para tanto, utilizei os seguintes instrumentos metodolÃgicos: observaÃÃo, entrevistas e atividades solicitadas com as crianÃas [fotografias (onde as crianÃas registraram os espaÃos da escola para lhes atribuir sentidos ligados à prÃtica escolar) e histÃria imaginÃria (onde a partir de uma histÃria criada por mim, os alunos puderam, de forma lÃdica, expor a funÃÃo da escola)]. O campo empÃrico escolhido para nortear esta investigaÃÃo foi a Escola Municipal Ensinando e Aprendendo, localizada no bairro Novo Mondubim, em Fortaleza. Os sujeitos privilegiados foram seis alunos de uma turma denominada, por gestores e professores, como a âmais problemÃticaâ em termos de comportamento disciplinar durante os anos letivos de 2007 e 2008. Os resultados revelam que os sentidos da escolarizaÃÃo para essas crianÃas nÃo està diretamente relacionado Ãquilo a que a escola se propÃe que à a transmissÃo do saber. Para esses alunos, o mais significativo em estar na escola diz respeito ao encontro com os amigos e Ãs brincadeiras que se tornam possÃveis a partir desse encontro. O contato com o conhecimento escolar torna-se importante para eles quando vem acompanhado de brincadeiras, do contrÃrio, à descrito pelos alunos como uma prÃtica que deve ter pouca duraÃÃo e cuja importÃncia desconhecem. Com esse estudo pode-se concluir que os novos valores que crianÃas e jovens constroem nos espaÃos sociais nos quais estÃo imersos, os leva a negar o conhecimento escolar e a desejar uma escola sem escolarizaÃÃo. à conclusivo tambÃm que os alunos nÃo se consideram problemÃticos, eles questionam a normalidade da estrutura que os inquieta e fazem isso a partir dos contextos e das relaÃÃes que estabelecem dentro do campo. Neste, novas relaÃÃes podem trazer novas identidades para essas crianÃas e estas deixarem de ser vistas como problemÃticas e passarem a uma instÃncia de normalidade concedida pela escola. / This is a qualitative ethnographic research. In order to understand the meanings of schooling for problematic students who are classified this way in this research for creating disciplinary problems at school or because they have a small interest in participating in school activities, I had as the main objective of this research to perceive the impressions those children have of a school as well as of some school practices and the knowledge transmitted by them. More specifically, I wanted to investigate: 1) What are the school roles for a child when it comes to practices and knowledge, 2) What do they like and dislike among those practices that they live and the knowledge that is passed to them, 3) How, in different contexts, children interpret and appropriate the practices, the spaces and the knowledge of the school 4) What to expect from a school and the schooling process. For that, I used the following methodological tools: observation, interviews and requested activities with the children [photographs (where the children enrolled school spaces to give them directions related to school practice) and an imaginary story (which from a story created by me, the students were able to expose the role of the school in a playful way)]. The empirical field chosen to guide this research was the Municipal School Ensinando e Apredendo, located in Novo Mondubim, a neighborhood of Fortaleza. The privileged individuals were six students in a class considered, by administrators and teachers, as the "most problematic" in terms of disciplinary behavior during the academic years of 2007 and 2008. The results show that the meanings of schooling for these children are not directly related to what the school proposes which is the transmission of knowledge. For these students, the most meaningful idea of being in a school is to be among friends and have fun with them upon the opportunity. Contact with school knowledge becomes important to them only if it comes in a playful way, otherwise is described by students as a practice that should take a short period of time which importance they do not know. With this study we may conclude that the new values that children and young people build in social spaces in which they are immersed, leads them to deny the school knowledge and make them want a school with no schooling. It is also conclusive that students do not consider themselves as problematic, they question the normality of the structure which makes they feel uncomfortable and they do it as from the contexts and their established relationships inside the field. In this field, these new relationships can bring new identities for these children and these are no longer seen as problematic but turned into an instance of normality granted by the school.

Dissertation (MMus)--University of Pretoria, 2015. / Music / Unrestricted

This thesis aims to examine how individual teachers in the upper secondary school manage to comply with the requirements from three different agents within the schoolsystem; the requirements of the The national agency for education in Sweden regarding formative assessment and standardisation of grading, the requirement of the students regarding ”backward-pedagogy”, and requirement of the society regarding developing the student’s independence and creative ability. Semi-structured interviews with three teachers teaching Business Administration at one upper secondary school in Malmo was conducted. These interviews focused on how the informants manage to embrace the creative ability in their preparation and teaching of the Business Administration-course, as well as examination and assessment of the students creative ability. This thesis concluded that there is a confusion in how to define creative ability which automatically makes it hard for teachers to know how to incorporate this ability in their teaching. This thesis also makes a point that The national agency for educations obsession with assuring standardized grading, has formalised the learning process to the extent that it has made teachers focus more on gathering assessment material that is legally certain than helping the students learn to better face the compexity of the future. This development has come to disengaged the teachers as well as the students. This thesis wants to make point that learning is something personal, and should be treated in that respect.

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Syftet med studien är att dels att förstå hur systematiskt kvalitetsarbete kan se ut på klassrumsnivå och dels vad det innebär att tillämpa det utifrån elevperspektiv, och dels att jämföra hur elevernas måluppfyllelse utvecklats i jämförelse med en kontrollgrupp. Resultatet av detta har fört med sig att examensarbetet bidrar med ett föreslag på hur kvalitetsarbete kan ske på klassrumsnivå; här kallat Co Creative Learning - using IT to Visualise Progression (CIP). Det här är en aktionsforskningsstudie. Den har genomförts med enkäter, fokusgrupper och en tidsserie; i vilken 65 elevers arbeten inom tre skilda områden bedömdes. För att förstärka reliabilitet och validitet valdes en kontrollgrupp, från samma upptagningsområde, som även de haft en legitimerad lärare med motsvarande antal yrkesverksamma år och som även de uttalat arbetat med formativ bedömning och synliggjorda mål. Två skoluppgifter var identiska och därmed kunde de två gruppernas resultat jämföras. För att minimera inverkan av en bedömande lärares närvaro på utvärderingen, samlades eleverna inte till fokusgrupper förrän efter att deras betyg var satta och kommunicerade. Då reflekterade de kring arbetet med ständiga förbättringar, kvalitet, involvering, målförståelse, upplevd progression och IT-användning. Innan denna avslutande diskussion hade de insamlade datamängder analyserades separat. Resultaten visade effekt på både elevupplevelse och progression. De största skillnaderna låg i elevens upplevelse, där förändring påverkas i första hand elevernas engagemang; i vilken utsträckning eleverna var nöjda studenter med sin egen utveckling. I tidsserien, var skillnaderna inte lika markanta som i elevupplevelsen. Den studerade gruppen började på ett något lägre snittbetyg, och avslutade på ett något högre, än kontrollgruppen. Det var främst pojkar som stod för utvecklingen. Detta kan bero på att flickorna redan hade mycket höga genomsnittliga betyg (vilket innebär att det inte finns utrymme för progression). Jämfört med kontrollgruppen, kvarstår de positiva skillnaderna med pojkarna i den studerade gruppen. Slutsatserna är därför att arbetet gynnat progression, men att den största förtjänsten med arbetssättet återfinns i hur eleverna upplever undervisningen. / The purpose of the study is partly to understand how systematic quality management can be implemented at the classroom level and partly what it means to apply it from a student perspective, and to compare student progression with that of a control group. As a result of this, this study contributes with a method on how quality management can be implemented at the classroom level. This working method is named Co-Creative Learning - using IT to Visualise Progression. This is an action research study that encompassed questionnaires, focus groups and a time series. Three assignments from 65 students were assessed in the study, out of which two were compared to those from the control group. To enhance reliability and validity the selected control group were from the same catchment area, had qualified teacher with corresponding number of working years who also worked with formative assessment and visualising criteria. Two assignments were identical for both groups, and thus, the two groups' results could be compared. To minimise the effects of the presence of a teacher during evaluation, the students were not brought together to form focus groups, until after the grades were communicated. They then reflected on continuous improvement efforts, quality, inclusion, understanding objectives, perceived progression and the use of IT. Before the concluding discussion the collected data sets were analysed separately. The results showed the difference in both student experience and progression. The main differences lay in the student experience: where change primarily affected the students’ involvement; the extent to which the students were satisfied students with their own development. In the time series, the differences were not as high as in the student experience. The studied group started at a slightly lower grade, and completed at a slightly higher grade, than the control group. It was mainly the boys who accounted for the progression. One reason for could be that the girls already held high average grades (leaving little room for progression). Compared to the control group, the differences with the boys in the studied group remains. The conclusions drawn are thus that the method enhances progression, but that the main benefits are harvested from the enhanced educational experience of the students.

In 2012, the Austin Independent School District implemented a ten-year Creative Learning Initiative to develop every school in the district into an arts rich school. However, research on arts richness presents varied descriptions of what an arts rich school looks like and lacks student voices. This MFA Thesis documents an applied project utilizing an arts based research process to explore student beliefs about the value of the arts and arts richness at the middle school level. In the document, I analyze student beliefs about the value of the arts through modified grounded theory from a data set including a performance, a playscript, group discussions, surveys, and my personal field notes and reflections. I find that the students share a similar understanding with published research of overall categories describing arts richness, including quantity of arts opportunities, quality of artistic and educational programs, and school climate. They deepen the perspective researchers present on school climate in arts rich schools, offering specific ways in which the arts invite a positive school climate. I conclude the document with reflections on defining arts richness, the arts based research process, and areas for further consideration as schools move toward creative learning for the 21st century. / text

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T17:06:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 122558.pdf: 9851251 bytes, checksum: 8f8793b0940f856eb8b0737c83cb9885 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho se situa no campo de pesquisas sobre práticas criativas na educação musical, focalizando atividades de composição musical com um grupo de idosos, objetivando investigar os significados construídos ao longo de uma experiência de composição musical colaborativa por um grupo de idosas. O trabalho tem como eixo teórico a aprendizagem criativa, enfatizando os processos colaborativos de aprendizagem na elaboração de um re-arranjo. Com abordagem qualitativa, foram combinadas duas técnicas de coleta e produção de dados: observação participante e narrativas. As narrativas foram produzidas oralmente e registradas em diários elaborados pelas senhoras. A pesquisa foi realizada com 16 senhoras integrantes do grupo de canto do Centro de Convivência de Idosos Irmã Clara Kô, da cidade de Maringá- PR. Foi observado o processo de elaboração de uma composição pelo grupo, norteada pela proposta do re-arranjo, de Penna e Marinho (2010). O re-arranjo é uma estratégia criativa planejada que propõe processos de criação, de reapropriação ativa e de ressignificações tendo como ponto de partida uma música já conhecida. A música escolhida pelas participantes da pesquisa foi Felicidade, de Lupicínio Rodrigues (1914-1974). Os resultados apontaram que a realização de uma proposta de composição musical colaborativa permite articular as vivências musicais e as histórias de vida das participantes, ampliando e ressignificando suas experiências musicais. Assim, acredita-se que este trabalho contribui na elaboração, realização e reflexão sobre metodologias para o ensino de música e processos de aprendizagem criativa na educação musical de idosos.