Strategy defines a way for reaching the objective of a functional transnational innovation system in the trinational border region between Germany, Poland and Czech Republic. To reach this vision, a network of transfer promotors who serve as boundary spanners between science and economy is going to implement the strategy. Strategy paper includes results of a SWOT-analysis as starting point for a diagnosis of current situation of transnational collaboration between science and economy. Starting from this analysis, it proposes four main goals for contributing to overall objective. Finally, it includes first thought how implemented such a network institutionally and financially.:Vision 05 Diagnosis 11 Strategic goals 17 Institutional part 23 Financial part 25

The ability to bid for public contracts over the national borders is an inherent part of European Single market. In recent years, there have been efforts to further increase the rates of cross-border tendering by mitigating the administrative obstacles in the process - primarily the implementation of electronic procurement. In this thesis we found out that the effect of this measure is rather limited - evidence suggests that it led to increase in total number of bids, but the rate of cross- border awards remained stable, as well as a cross-border bidding. Furthermore, the fixed effects of European Union member states are analyzed to examine any evidences of domestic protection. The results suggest that the countries who joined the European Union in the last accession waves show the lowest rates of cross-border awards. However, no examples of direct domestic protection have been discovered.

Since 2000 the European electricity market has been opened and has had for main purpose the consolidation of the competition thanks to the increase of the numbers of actors. Today the electricity market catches up more to a juxtaposition of regional or national markets than to a real integrated market. Indeed cross-border  ongestions run counter to the elaboration of a competitive market. In that context the optimal utilization of the available capacities is a major issue. Some progresses have already been realized concerning the allocation, with the setting up of explicit auctions and market coupling. The economical gain will now come from a best evaluation of the available margins for the cross-border exchanges. This improvement could be realized thanks to the flow-based method. This master thesis is part of a Research and Development project which aims first of all at validating the efficiency and robustness of the flow-based method and also at setting up the tools and procedures for an operational use of this method. The present master thesis report explains the interest of the flow-based method compared with the method based on Available Transfer Capacity before explaining the principle of the Flow-based method. Finally the report exposes different tests to analyze the flow-based method. The results obtained show that the adoption of flow-based method will be a real improvement but will require a total coordination of all the actors concerned. This report aims to be useful for people who have to work on a project related to the crossborder exchanges. The other aim of this report is to be understandable by the lay person. Thus it will be useful for anybody who is interested in cross-border electricity exchanges even if it is not his domain of study.

Denna studies centrala syfte är att undersöka rollen som informationsteknik spelar samt de problem som inte gå att komma undan i så kallad tvärkulturell och gränsöverskridande samarbete genom att undersöka fallet mellan den svenska staden Borlänge och den kinesiska staden Wuhan. Arbets- och utvärderingsmetoden som används i studien bygger på är den vetenskapliga forskningsansatsen hermeneutik och det innebär utvärdering av intervjuer på ett kvalitativt sätt som handlar främst om observationer, förståelse och sökning efter mönster och samband. Genom detta sätt fick författaren resultat som visar att informationsteknik spelar en avgörande roll för samarbete mellan Borlänge och Wuhan men har vissa barriärer som har svårt att komma undan såsom skillnader och avvikelse i kultur, geografi, tid, språk, arbetsvanor och politik. / The aim of this study is to investigate the role of information technology plays, and the problems which information technology are not able to escape from the so-called cross-cultural and cross-border cooperation by examining the case between the Swedish city of Borlänge and the Chinese city of Wuhan. Employment and the evaluation method used in the study is based on the scientific research approach hermeneutics and it involves evaluation of interviews in a qualitative way that focuses on the observation, understanding and search for patterns and relationships. By this way the author got result which shows that information technology plays a critical role in cooperation between Borlänge and Wuhan but has some barriers that are difficult to escape such as differences and variation in culture, geography, time, language, work habits and policies.

Das Vorhaben TRANS³Net.addon eröffnete die Möglichkeit, Erfahrungen zur Ausgestaltung transnationaler Netzwerke zu identifizieren und vorhandene gute Beispiele transnationaler Kooperation von Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft zu verbreiten. Ausgangspunkt war das Central Europe-Projekt TRANS³Net, das von 2016 – 2019 darauf hinarbeitete, ein Netzwerk von Transferpromotoren im Dreiländereck Polen-Tschechien-Sachsen zu etablieren. Die dabei gewonnenen Erfahrungen und entwickelten Lösungen sollten durch Vernetzung und Austausch mit anderen transnationalen Vorhaben deutscher Partner, die ähnliche Fragestellungen bearbeiteten, auf eine breitere Basis gestellt werden. Diese Ausarbeitung hat den Anspruch, ähnlich gelagerten Vorhaben Anregungen für die Ausgestaltung grenzüberschreitender Zusammenarbeit zu geben. Vor allem sollen Stolpersteine und Erfolgsfaktoren aufgezeigt werden, die für einen erfolgreichen Prozess jeweils zu berücksichtigen wären.:Motivation für diese Dokumentation Dokumentation der Veranstaltungen zum Erfahrungsaustausch Studie zu Rechtsformen zukünftiger Kooperationsformen am Beispiel Trans³Net Euroregion ELBE/LABE Euroregion Neisse-Nisa-Nysa Euroregion Donau-Moldau Internationales Hochschulinstitut Zittau Kommunalgemeinschaft Europaregion Pomerania e.V. Hochrheinkommission Zwei Länder, eine Region - Der Hochrhein verbindet! Stabsstelle Internationalisierung der TU Dresden Die außenwirtschaftliche Arbeit der Wirtschaftsförderung Sachsen GmbH (WFS) Region um Flensburg Zentrale EU-Serviceeinrichtung Sachsen | ZEUSS Karkonoska Agencja Rozwoju Regionalego Kompetenzatlas des polnisch-sächsischen Grenzraumes TRANS³Net-Innovationsplattform Sächsisch-polnischer Innovationstag EUCOR – The European Campus Grenzübergreifende Geschäftsmodelle mit 3D-Druck Grenzüberschreitender PAMINA Business Club: Grenzen überwinden Kunststoff-Cluster im Alpenraum Kompetenznetzwerk Oberrhein 4.0

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The presented thesis is analyzing the cross-border co-operation between three units, the Czech-Polish-Slovak Euroregion Beskydy, the Czech-Slovak Bílé-Biele Karpaty and the Czech-Polish Euroregion Silesia. The object of the work is to point out the concrete factors influencing the collaboration in these Euroregions in 2004-2006 period. From the beginning of this date caught the countries, on whose territory particular structures are situated, as the lawful Member States of the European Union draw the financial aid from the Community Initiative INTERREG. An important part of this Initiative, INTERREG IIIA Programme, was in the Multiannual Financial Framework concerned designated to the support of the cross- border co-operation. The criteria are built on the base of the Theory of learning regions, according which the collaboration in cross-border structures is analysed: a milieu, from which the co-operation arised, a participation of the other subjects on the activities of the Euroregion and main areas of the co-operation and knowledge imparted. The priorities specified at the beggining of the partnership are envisaged with the intern setting of the Euroregion and with the projects truly realized in the period defined.

During the last century, not only the legal literature but also the literature in many fields along with government efforts on all levels, were all mainly devoted to the debate of trade liberalization in general, and specifically to the case of the expected gains from using international agreements as a tool to remove the trade barriers. Meanwhile, all the parties have paid little attention to profound questions about identifying the impediments that they are facing and the other possible options that might maximize the general welfare, which are the cross-border merger and acquisition transactions. This dissertation will address that under-researched question, and it will try to identify some of those impediments that are facing the cross-border merger and acquisition transactions. The dissertation will mainly focus on the different premerger control laws that are adopted around the globe, as an impediment that faces the cross-border mergers and acquisitions, and it will try to identify the drawbacks of those laws and most importantly develop and examine reforming proposals. The underlying result of this dissertation will reveal that the multijurisdictional premerger control laws across the globe have numerous drawbacks that are actual impediments that face mergers and acquisitions in general, and especially the cross-border transactions. In addition to that, the best reformative option is the abolishing of the premerger control laws, or in other words the deregulation of the cross-border merger and acquisition transactions. The conclusion of this dissertation is that using the law as a useful tool should be reinvented on two dimensions, at one end of the spectrum the law should enable the state possibilities that are required to give a hand and facilitate the entry to markets, by abolishing the premerger control laws i.e. deregulating mergers and acquisitions, and at the other end of the spectrum the law should grant the state the power to monitor and challenge those practices that might cause harm to employees or consumers, before the courts, along with the primary power to challenge anticompetitive behaviors.

Combating climate change has become the key objective of the 21st century. Energy transition, with the intensive introduction of the renewable energy sources to the world’s energy systems, is one of the biggest driving forces in stimulating global sustainable development. Growing shares of renewables, including wind power as a major player (35% of the world’s electricity needs by 2050 raised the issues of grid stability and supply/demand balancing (IRENA, 2019). A popular view on solutions for these issues lies with global energy interconnections, which could support grid stability and let the countries trade green electricity between themselves, creating big regional or even global electricity markets. These interconnections would call for close cooperation between the states, not only in the sphere of transmission, but in generation as well. The cross-border character of such projects would bring new aspects and nuances to the wind power developer’s work, making it more complex and politically sensitive. The potential planning process of such wind power projects has not been investigated before. Therefore, in order to fill this research gap, a cross-border wind power environment analysis framework was developed on the basis of the reviewed literature to assist a wind power developer in a potential planning process of a complex cross-border wind energy project in a sensitive setting. The developed framework was then used to evaluate an empirical case of an assumed offshore wind park on the Southern Kuril Islands, a disputed territory between Japan and Russia. The results showed that introduction of the cross-border factor makes permitting and coordination of projects more challenging and confusing. In addition to that, the wind power developer might have to contribute to the development of improved wind power regulations and norms. Moreover, coordination of such projects would not involve only the developer, but most likely representatives of the involved countries and regions, and possibly mediating organisations; the developers’ work would take place in a multicultural environment with people of various traditions, values, economic backgrounds and interests, which would complicate balancing the stakeholders’ interests during the planning phase.

As globalization and interconnection between countries increase, the need for efficient cross-border payments becomes more critical. The Nordics, consisting of Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden, share many economic and technological advancement similarities. However, cross-border mobile payment is yet to be seen despite having the solutions to do the process locally. This study then aims to answer the current state, challenges, opportunities, and ways to move forward with the innovation of cross-border mobile payments in the Nordics. A literature review and interviews with experts in the industry were performed to gain more insights into the phenomenon. It is found that currently, the interoperability is none. However, despite the absence of interoperability, efforts are being made to place this agenda at the forefront. Furthermore, there are some challenges, including balancing cooperation and competition among actors in the mobile payment space, addressing pricing issues, establishing a solid business case, managing competition between local perspectives and global technology players, mitigating fraud risks, prioritizing national-scale initiatives, and ensuring standardization and information clarity. On the other hand, opportunities were identified in the availability of use cases, the collaborative culture in the Nordics, the gateway to the point-of-sale feature, the international push towards the feature, and the potential of technology bridges to enhance interoperability. Lastly, to move forward with the innovation, it is suggested to create the use-cases and critical mass, focus on the technological hub, put the cross-border payment on regulatory focus, and compare the use-cases and lessons learned from other regions that do similar work. / I takt med att globaliseringen och sammankopplingen mellan länder ökar, blir behovet av effektiva gränsöverskridande betalningar mer kritiskt. Norden, som består av Danmark, Finland, Norge och Sverige, delar många ekonomiska och tekniska framstegslikheter. Men gränsöverskridande mobilbetalning är ännu inte att se trots att man har lösningarna för att göra processen lokalt. Denna studie syftar sedan till att svara på det aktuella läget, utmaningar, möjligheter och sätt att gå vidare med innovationen av gränsöverskridande mobilbetalningar i Norden. En litteraturgenomgång och intervjuer med experter inom branschen gjordes för att få mer insikter om fenomenet. Det har visat sig att interoperabiliteten för närvarande inte är någon. Men trots avsaknaden av interoperabilitet görs ansträngningar för att placera denna agenda i framkant. Vidare finns det vissa utmaningar, inklusive att balansera samarbete och konkurrens mellan aktörer inom det mobila betalningsområdet, ta itu med prissättningsfrågor, etablera ett solidt affärscase, hantera konkurrensen mellan lokala perspektiv och globala teknikaktörer, mildra bedrägerierisker, prioritera initiativ i nationell skala, och säkerställa standardisering och informationstydlighet. Å andra sidan identifierades möjligheter i tillgängligheten av användningsfall, samarbetskulturen i Norden, porten till funktionen för försäljningsställen, den internationella pushen mot funktionen och potentialen hos teknikbryggor för att förbättra interoperabiliteten. Slutligen, för att gå vidare med innovationen, föreslås det att skapa användningsfall och kritisk massa, fokusera på det tekniska navet, sätta gränsöverskridande betalning på regleringsfokus och jämföra användningsfall och lärdomar från andra regioner som gör liknande arbete.