Esta dissertação situa-se na intersecção da literatura com o cinema. O objetivo é lançar um olhar sobre os seus respectivos processos de criação e significação, considerando suas especificidades. Pois mesmo quando parte de um texto literário, o cinema diverge, ultrapassa e atravessa a linha de partida, apresentando diferentes dimensões e processos. Como a literatura e o cinema operam num mesmo espaço, o da narratividade, em um segundo momento, uma análise comparativa é feita, onde as duas obras (o romance e o filme homônimo Lavoura arcaica) e seus textos são confrontados a partir de alguns de seus procedimentos narrativos. Dentro do recorte adotado problematiza-se em que medida o romance e o filme representam o conflito pai/tradição (Iohána) versus filho/modernidade (André), vinculando-o diretamente à questão da cultura regional decorrente do confronto da tradição do imigrante libanês, descendente de uma cultura judaica e cristã, com outro território regional e cultural. Ou seja, procura-se mostrar como esta é percebida e construída através do discurso literário de Raduan Nassar e, posteriormente, traduzida e constituída no discurso fílmico de Luiz Fernando Carvalho. / This dissertation is situated at the intersection of literature and cinema. The objective is to launch a new look on its respective creation and signification methods, considered as their specificities. Therefore, even if constructed in part or entirely from a literary text, cinema diverges, exceeds and crosses the initial status, presenting different dimensions and processes. As literature and cinema operate in the same environment, the one of narration, in a second moment, a comparative analysis is made from both works (the romance and the film Lavoura arcaica) and its texts are confronted thru some of its narrative procedures. From the adopted study approach, it is problematized in which measure the romance and the film do present the conflict father/tradition (Iohána) versus son/modernity (André), tying it directly with the question of regional culture decurrent from the conflict between the Lebanese tradition, descendent from a Jewish and Christian immigration culture, and another regional and cultural territory. It shows then how such confrontation is perceived and constructed from the literary speech of Raduan Nassar and, later, translated and constituted into the filmic speech of Luiz Fernando Carvalho.

[pt] A presente dissertação, intitulada O místico e o mágico como elementos de denúncia à traição dos ideais de Amílcar Cabral, em Kikia matcho: o desalento do combatente, apresenta como objetivo central examinar os elementos da tradição cultural guineense presentes neste romance do escritor Filinto de Barros, publicado pela primeira vez em 1997, como meios de denúncia ao abandono dos ideais da revolução defendidos por Amílcar Cabral, tais como o suicídio da pequena burguesia e a resistência cultural. A narrativa de Filinto de Barros trata da desilusão dos ex-combatentes como consequência da chegada do novo governo pós-independência, fruto de um golpe, que agravou as dificuldades econômicas e sociais sofridas pelo jovem estado-nação. A hipótese a ser trabalhada é a de que esse contexto político possui relação com as crenças locais, e que estas, por sua vez, funcionam como elementos de resistência ao denunciar a estrutura que levou ao desalento. Para discorrer sobre essa questão central, esta dissertação qualificará o que está chamando de místico e mágico, como as religiões e as crenças tradicionais, as superstições, as cerimônias e os rituais, que são, sobretudo, dados da realidade guineense e do autor Filinto de Barros. / [en] The central aim of this dissertation, entitled The mystical and the magical as elements of denunciation of the betrayal of Amílcar Cabral s ideals in Kikia matcho: o desalento do combatente, is to analyze the elements of Guinean cultural tradition present in this novel by writer Filinto de Barros, first published in 1997, as a way of denouncing the abandonment of the ideals of the revolution defended by Amílcar Cabral, such as the suicide of the petty bourgeoisie and cultural resistance. Filinto de Barros narrative deals with the disillusionment of the ex-combatants as a consequence of the arrival of the new post-independence government, the result of a coup d état, which aggravated the economic and social difficulties suffered by the young nation-state. The hypothesis is that this political context is related to local beliefs, which in turn function as elements of resistance by denouncing the structure that led to disillusionment. To discuss this central issue, this dissertation will qualify what it is calling mystical and magical, such as traditional religions and beliefs, superstitions, ceremonies and rituals, which are, above all, data from the Guinean reality and the author Filinto de Barros.

Au Moyen-âge, les hommes ont coutume de courir avec les taureaux à travers les rues de leur village. Dès le XVIe siècle, l’Eglise et la Monarchie interdisent cette pratique au motif qu’elle occasionne de trop nombreuses blessures et des pertes humaines. Toutefois, ce divertissement est tellement ancré dans les mœurs qu’il finit par être toléré. Sous la pression de la Société protectrice des animaux, la loi du 2 juillet 1850, dite loi Grammont, va sanctionner les mauvais traitements commis publiquement et abusivement envers les animaux domestiques. A cette même époque, les courses de taureaux à la mode espagnole s’implantent dans le pays. Diverses actions sont alors intentées sur le fondement de ce nouveau texte pour condamner l’ensemble des acteurs des spectacles taurins, mais certains juges refusent d’appliquer cette loi à de telles manifestations malgré la position contraire de la Chambre criminelle. Face à cette situation paradoxale, les courses de taureaux avec mise à mort sont finalement légalisées sous certaines conditions à partir de 1951. Cette exception est confirmée par la loi du 19 novembre 1963 lorsqu’une tradition locale ininterrompue est rapportée. Contestant fermement ce compromis dégagé par le législateur, les opposants à la corrida réclament la suppression de cette dérogation prévue au régime protecteur des animaux domestiques. La reconnaissance de la sensibilité et du bien-être de l’animal dans sa dimension d’être vivant par la loi du 10 juillet 1976 et le traité d’Amsterdam, va fragiliser cet équilibre instauré par le législateur français, même si l’Union européenne entend préserver les traditions culturelles propres à chaque Etat membre. / In the Middle Ages, it was commonplace for the men to run with the bulls in the streets of their villages. From the 16th century, the Church and the monarchy forbade this practice on the grounds that it caused too many casualties. Nevertheless, this entertainment was so weaved into the fabric of society that it ended up being tolerated. Following pressure from the animal welfare organisations, the Act of 2 July 1850 – or the Grammont Act - sanctioned any public ill-treatment wrongly perpetrated against domestic animals. At the same time, Spanish-style bullfights were established in the country. Various legal actions were initiated on the basis of this new law in order to condemn the bullfight actors, but some judges refused to apply this legislation to such events despite the contrary opinion of the Criminal Division. In response to this paradoxical situation, from 1951 the bullfights ending with the killing of the bull were eventually legalized under certain conditions. This exception is confirmed by the Act of 19 November 1963 when an unbroken local tradition is claimed. Firmly contesting this compromise reached by the legislator, the opponents of bullfighting asked for this derogation planned in the animal protection regime to be abolished. The recognition of the animal welfare and sensitivity by the Act of 10 July 1976 and the Treaty of Amsterdam weakens the balance established by the French legislator even if the objective of the European Union is to maintain the cultural traditions specific to each Member State.

MONTEIRO, Francisco Herbert Pimentel. A construção da identidade étnica entre os quilombolas de Alto Alegre. 2009. 130f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Sociologia). Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Ciências Sociais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2009. / Submitted by GLAUBENILSON CAVALCANTE (glaubenilson@yahoo.com.br) on 2011-11-18T13:50:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_DIS_FHPMonteiro.pdf: 5493752 bytes, checksum: 6ca4a7e67dca77c3d70e9ec4b53dcbda (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2011-11-28T12:58:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_DIS_FHPMonteiro.pdf: 5493752 bytes, checksum: 6ca4a7e67dca77c3d70e9ec4b53dcbda (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-11-28T12:58:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_DIS_FHPMonteiro.pdf: 5493752 bytes, checksum: 6ca4a7e67dca77c3d70e9ec4b53dcbda (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / The main intent of the present study is to analyze some questions about identity and cultural traditions of the descendents of black slaves known as quilombolas at the community of Alto Alegre in Ceará Brazil My focus is in how these residents construct their black identity inside their own social group and outside of it I take as starting point the meaning of quilombo nowadays to contextualize the object of this research The practices of the quilombolas cannot be taken as an isolated factor the contributions of these social actors in different forms of collective agglutinations and actions are up to mention many of them seek political reforms changes in State laws and to generate public politics (including land owning besides the crisis of rural fields) So it is a resignified identity that is in discussion and construction at the same time is a battle for social rights linked to specific territories which promotes cultural changes inside the life of communities. / O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar as questões de identidade e as tradições culturais dos descendentes de escravos que habitam a comunidade quilombola de Alto Alegre localizada no município de Horizonte na Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza Analiso como moradores de uma comunidade remanescente de quilombo constroem sua identidade negra dentro do grupo e fora dele Nessa discussão tomo como ponto de partida o significado de quilombo na atualidade contextualizando o objeto de estudo na busca de esclarecer questões concernentes à construção identitária daquele grupo social Assim as práticas de construção da identidade quilombola não podem ser tomadas isoladamente sem levar em consideração a importância desses atores na construção de novas estratégias de aglutinação e ação coletiva Muitas dessas construções identitárias são elaboradas visando reformas políticas modificando leis e gerando políticas sociais Nesse sentido discuto uma identidade re-significada onde se funda um debate em torno da identidade do grupo A busca dessa identidade também aparece associada a novas estratégias de enfretamento com a chegada de crises ao campo rural e do acesso a terra Assim a construção dessas identidades coletivas é ao mesmo tempo a luta por direitos sociais intimamente ligados a um território que promovem mudanças culturais no interior da vida das comunidades.

The present thesis paper deals - on theoretical level - with the importance and the gradual evolution of dialogicality of man within the context of criminal justice. In Western European cultural environment the image of man as dialogical being has been inspired by the Judeo-Christian tradition, approaching "the man in relationship" as an unlimited and transcendental form of being. In practical terms, a relationship has been perceived as the fundamental precondition in the process of restoration of a man and as an opportunity to re-approach the original absolute form of humanity, which is in harmony with God´s intention. The culturally accepted dialogical image of man has been reflected in shaping the specific form of systems and institutions created by man, including also the system of criminal law and justice, the main objective of which is enforcing justice. In the spirit of that cultural tradition, emphasis is currently laid on protection of and respect for dignity and individual rights and freedoms of man, and, thus, personal participation of the criminal conflict parties in the process of justice is required. Hence, in the persons of the offender and the victim, justice is rather becoming "the justice of dialogue and negotiation" within restorative justice, and it is so within the limits of law so as the participants´ individual needs and interests can be taken care of and obligations resulting from the conflict can be secured, to the maximum possible extent.