Магистерская диссертация посвящена особенностям межкультурной коммуникации России и Казахстана в процессе евразийской интеграции (на примере ЕАЭС). Цель данного исследования анализ межкультурной коммуникации России и Казахстана в евразийской интеграции (на примере ЕАЭС) и рекомендации специалистам по межкультурной коммуникации по разработке механизма межкультурной коммуникации в евразийской интеграции. Структура работы состоит из двух глав: теоретической и практической. В теоретической части рассматриваются теоретические аспекты: межкультурное взаимодействие в контексте парадигм глобализации, интеграции; феномен межкультурной коммуникации как взаимодействие двух языковых картин мира в евразийской интеграции, а также лингвистические проблемы межкультурной коммуникации в Евразийском пространстве. В практической части анализируется источниковедческая база, интернациональность политической и экономической терминологии как следствие межкультурной коммуникации и глобализационных процессов; коннотации и символы культуры, их интерпретация в межкультурной коммуникации России и Казахстана, а также предлагаются рекомендации специалистам по межкультурной коммуникации по разработке механизма межкультурной коммуникации в евразийской интеграции. После анализа значительного количества источников становится очевидным, что для участников делового общения межкультурной коммуникации в рамках евразийской интеграции характерна общность пресуппозитивной базы знаний, которая понимается как наличие предварительных сведений и знаний, общего житейского и профессионального опыта. Это можно объяснить многолетним знакомством деловых коммуникантов, взаимностью интересов, совместной долгосрочной профессиональной деятельностью, краткосрочным совместным опытом, важным лишь для данного высказывания. / The master dissertation is devoted to the features of intercultural communication between Russia and Kazakhstan in the process of Eurasian integration (on the example of the EAEU). The purpose of this study is to analyze the intercultural communication of Russia and Kazakhstan in the Eurasian integration (using the example of the EAEU) and recommendations to specialists in intercultural communication on the development of a mechanism for intercultural communication in the Eurasian integration. The structure of the work consists of two chapters: theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, the theoretical aspects are considered: intercultural interaction in the context of the paradigms of globalization, integration; the phenomenon of intercultural communication as the interaction of two linguistic worldviews in Eurasian integration, as well as linguistic problems of intercultural communication in the Eurasian space. The practical part analyzes the source base, the internationality of political and economic terminology as a consequence of intercultural communication and globalization processes; connotations and symbols of culture, their interpretation in the intercultural communication of Russia and Kazakhstan, as well as recommendations are offered to specialists in intercultural communication on the development of a mechanism for intercultural communication in Eurasian integration. After analyzing a significant number of sources, it becomes obvious that participants in business communication of intercultural communication within the framework of Eurasian integration are characterized by a common presuppositive knowledge base, which is understood as the presence of preliminary information and knowledge, common everyday and professional experience. This can be explained by the long-term acquaintance of business communicants, mutual interests, joint long-term professional activity, short-term joint experience, important only for this statement.

This thesis presents a new approach to the royal female portrait in the Hellenistic world. Until now, it has been studied for its feminine or royal characteristics. There is, therefore, no complete definition because of the division of information. An intersectional approach fills this gap by bringing together the two constituent characteristics of these portraits. Moreover, this research enriches the field of study concerning Hellenistic queens because the iconographic aspect remains mostly absent given the scattering of sources and the need for archaeological studies on this type of sculpture. This dissertation will study the sculptural portraits of five Hellenistic queens: Eurydice of Macedonia, Apollonis of Cyzic, Arsinoe II Philadelphus, Laodike III, and Cleopatra VII Philopator. These statues are of different materials, dimensions, and regional styles. This work focuses mainly on the Macedonian, Lagid, Seleukid, and Attalid kingdoms because they have enough sources to conduct a study. The contact with the Egyptian world led to an interaction between the Greek and Pharaonic cultures that will be included in this research. This research is based on three objectives. The first is to intersectionally define the royal female carved portrait using the erection decrees and scientific literature. Inspired by existing catalogs, the second objective is to group the portraits of the five queens in their own catalog, with a classification appropriate to their characteristics. The last is to create a chronological framework through a stylistic and contextual analysis of her portraits. / Ce mémoire présente une nouvelle approche concernant le portrait royal féminin sculpté dans le monde hellénistique. En effet, celui-ci n’a jusqu’à maintenant été étudié que pour ses caractéristiques féminines ou royales séparément. Il n’y a donc pas de définition complète vu la division des informations. Une approche intersectionnelle vient pallier ce manque en regroupant les deux caractéristiques constituantes de ces portraits. De plus, cette recherche vient enrichir le domaine d’études concernant les reines hellénistiques puisque l’aspect iconographique est trop souvent absent, vu l’éparpillement des sources et le manque d’études intersectionnelles archéologiques à ce sujet. Dans ce mémoire seront donc étudiés les portraits en sculpture de cinq reines hellénistiques: Eurydice de Macédoine, Apollonis de Cyzique, Arsinoé II Philadelphe, Laodicé III et Cléopâtre VII Philopator. Ces statues varient grandement en matériau, dimension, de plus qu’en style régional. L’étude se concentre principalement sur les royaumes macédoniens, lagides, attalides et séleucides. Ils sont ceux ayant assez de sources pour conduire une étude. Le contact avec le monde égyptien entraîne une interaction entre la culture grecque et pharaonique qui sera définitivement incluse dans cette recherche. Cette recherche repose sur trois objectifs. Le premier est de définir intersectionnellement le portrait royal féminin sculpté en utilisant les décrets d’érections et la littérature scientifique. En s'inspirant de catalogues déjà existants, le deuxième objectif est de regrouper les portraits des cinq reines dans leur propre catalogue avec une classification appropriée à leurs caractéristiques. Le dernier est de créer un cadre chronologique par une analyse stylistique et contextuelle de ces portraits.

To a large degree, historical analyses of the Levantine region tend to focus primarily upon martial interaction and state formation. However, perhaps of equitable impact is the chronology of those interactions which are cultural in nature. The long-term formative effect of cultural imperialism and cultural bleed can easily be as influential as the direct alterations imposed by martial invasion. While this study does not attempt to establish comparative causal weight or catalytic impact between these types of interactions, it does contend that the cultural evolution of the Levant has been significantly influenced by external interaction for a period of time extending beyond the Levantine Islamic Expansion. This study presents a chronological examination of the region from the pre-Expansion Period through the Mandate Period, focused upon relevant cultural structures. Specifically, emphasis is placed upon religious, ethnic, and nationalistic identity development, sociolinguistic shifts, and institutional changes within the societal structure. The primary conclusion of this study is that significant evidence exists to support a long-term historical narrative of externally influenced Levantine cultural evolution, inclusive of both adaptive and reactive interactions.

One of the unsolved problems of modern science is whether the pre-Columbian peoples of the New World developed completely independently of cultural influences from the Old World or if there was a trans-oceanic contact? A number of scientists agree that there are many – and often remarkable – similarities between the cultures of pre-Columbian America and those of the Mediterranean world. Nevertheless, there is no agreement, as yet, on how cultural diffusion can be differentiated from independent invention. Scientific analysis shows that scholarly positions are often strongly pre-formed from paradigms (scientific based assumptions), which tend to hinder consideration of solid scientific data offered by geo-biology and its trans-disciplinary examination of the subject under investigation here. An unambiguous answer to the question, what historical processes led to the emergence of the ancient American agriculture, hasn\''t been given. However, the archaeological discovery of crops with clear trans-oceanic origin, in addition to advances in molecular biology, increasingly support the hypothesis that humans from the distant past influenced each other across the oceans at a much earlier stage. The vegetation and zoo-geography indicate, by numerous examples that some species could only have spread through perhaps unintentional (passive) human transmission [1]. There are two very old crops found in the „New World‟, which contradict the paradigm of a completely independent origin for American agriculture. These are the African Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria L.) and the ancestral cotton species (Gossypium herbaceum L.) of the domesticated spin able sub-genus of tetraploid cotton. The historical spread of both types has been under discussion for decades, especially in respect of trans-oceanic human contact with the American continent. There has also been a debate in the \"Old World\" ever since the discovery of nicotine and cocaine in Egyptian mummies, centering around whether \"New World\" plants (or the ingredients) might have been transmitted in the reverse direction, back to the presumed start in centers of the Ancient World\''s oldest civilizations.