While the process of changing educational systems is yet unclear, the relationship between teacher and learner places teachers at the focal point of change. The social/psychological organization of their workplaces known as staff culture is among the many issues effecting lasting reform. This study investigated the manner in which principals worked with this key variable in bringing about meaningful change. Students are not learning at the levels required to be productive citizens in the 21st century. In order to reverse this situation, most teachers need to change their manner of teaching. Despite years of reform efforts, many continue to resist change, particularly at the secondary level. This resistance is rooted in their professional norms, i.e., their education philosophy and beliefs. Most teacher have not been convinced of the need for change of their curriculum and instruction. Even though educational researchers find positive site culture to be key to reform of instruction, few school administrators have the understanding of site culture or training in interpersonal relation that is necessary to shape a culture which will accept and maintain change. A qualitative investigation was made of case studies of restructured high schools and interviews with principals who had brought about restructuring at their sites. Teachers were also surveyed. Data was gathered through content analysis of the studies, interviews and survey questionnaires in the areas of teacher attitudes, status of curriculum before and after the projects, and action of principals throughout the process of change. It was found that successful principals take action in common which fall into eight mutually exclusive categories. They also bring about change in a step by step priority process: (1) establish a clean campus and strong student discipline/attendance policies and develop University and business partnerships, (2) facilitate professional development opportunities for teachers through research based programs and provide them with human and material resources; focus on improving staff morale, (3) provide opportunities for collaboration, innovation and shared decision-making, (4) work to improve instruction. The information developed through this study can be used to guide and encourage school administrators in creating effective change in their schools.

Democratic principles and values in South Africa and technological innovations influence the design of educational programmes provided by higher education institutions. The diagnostic radiography programme at the Medunsa Campus of the University of Limpopo has to align itself with policy requirements and the requirements of the world of work. Against this background this study aims at answering these questions: How has Radiography changed as a science and what demands are placed on practitioners to meet competence requirements in a changing working environment? What impact does the changing role of the radiographer have on the academic department in terms of curriculum development and curriculum management? What strategies should curriculum leadership use to improve the quality of the programme offered in terms of expectations essential to a competitive and changing working and teaching environment? A qualitative study was used where structured personal interviews were conducted with academe and clinical personnel to answer these questions. The responses were coded to facilitate the process of data analysis. The findings of this investigation indicate that changes in the Department of Education and the Department of Health transformation have an impact on the curriculum. The investigation has also revealed that there is lack of collaboration between the academic and the clinical personnel. It also indicates that professional development should be made more relevant in terms of focusing on areas that affect radiographers, for instance clinical personnel need to be aware of principles of primary health care and lifelong learning. In line with the changing nature of leadership, the proactivity of the academe cannot be underestimated as this could help in maintaining quality and excellence in the programme. / Dissertation (M.Ed (Maximising Potential))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Curriculum Studies / unrestricted

This research is in the midst of discussions about educational public policies and formation of physical education teachers. It enters in the discussions of the research line Social-cultural and educational aspects of Physical Education more specifically on teacher training. The study researched how they were created, specifically about teacher training. The study researched how the correlations of strength of actors were given in the processes of curricular restructuring of CEFD/UFSM that resulted in the curricula of 2005 (Degree), 2006 (Bachelor) and 2009 (Constitution of the joint committee for the construction of a formation curriculum only in Degree) from bibliographical study, document analysis and semi-structured interviews. The social actors who were involved in their respective committees of curriculum restructuring were interviewed. The study has as its main objective analyze and document these restructuring processes from the analysis of the correlation of forces of social actors and their roles in the implementation of the educational public policies related to curriculum guidelines or their resistance. In the data analysis it is realized that sectors were structured with proposals of opposing projects that came in a dispute from the beginning. After researching, the constitution processes of the current curricula in vogue, it is raised the hypothesis that these relations were stabilized with agreements, creating a consensus between the parties. In the reunification process the student struggle was the protagonist, however, the majority sector of the teachers managed to use the institutional apparatus to halt the process, which was not approved until the present day. Therefore, CEFD continues with the fragmented training, and the individual interests overcome the the collective interests. / Esta pesquisa está no bojo das discussões sobre políticas públicas educacionais e formação de professores em educação física. Ela adentra na discussão da linha de pesquisa "Aspectos Sócio-culturais e pedagógicos da Educação Física" mais especificamente sobre formação de professores. O Trabalho pesquisou como se deram as correlações de forças dos atores sociais nos processos de reestruturações curriculares do CEFD/UFSM que resultaram nos currículos de 2005 (Licenciatura), 2006 (Bacharelado) e 2009 (Constituição da comissão paritária para construção de um currículo de formação única em Licenciatura) a partir de estudo bibliográfico, análise documental e entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Foram entrevistados os atores sociais que se envolveram nas respectivas comissões de reestruturação curricular e direção de centro. Tem como principal objetivo analisar e documentar estes processos de reestruturações a partir da análise das correlações de forças dos atores sociais e seus papéis para a implementação das políticas públicas educacionais referentes às diretrizes curriculares ou resistência às mesmas. Na análise dos dados percebemos que se estruturaram setores com propostas de projetos antagônicos que entraram em uma disputa desde o princípio. Após pesquisar, os processos de constituição dos atuais currículos em voga, elevamos a hipótese de que estas relações se estabilizaram com acordos, criando um consenso entre as partes. Já no processo de reunificação a luta estudantil foi protagonista, porém o setor majoritário dos professores conseguiu se utilizar dos aparatos institucionais para travar o processo, no qual não foi aprovado até os dias atuais. Assim o CEFD continua com a formação fragmentada, e os interesses individuais superam os coletivos.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / We aim with this research is understand the processes of organization and development of school work in the context of implementation of the proposal for high school curriculum restructuring of SEDUC/RS (PREM/RS) in public high school of the RS. To this end, we propose to answer the following research problem: What opportunities are presented to the stabilization of changes introduced in the organization and development of school work within the implementation process of the PREM/RS? As information sources we used subject: subject (Integrated Seminar teachers, high school teachers and members of management teams of schools) and documents (basic documents of PREM/RS). As instruments to collect information we used focus group, interview and script for textual analysis of documents. We did 03 focus group with 20 teachers of SI and 34 interviews with 13 education coordinators, 20 SI Teachers (some grouped) and 06 high school teachers, acting in 20 schools of the 8th Regional Coordination of Education SEDUC/RS. By these analyzes, we can say: The school work was impacted by PREM/RS by adding new actions to implement the SI, considerably affecting the work of education coordinator and SI teachers; About changes in the evaluation, school work was affected by the redefinition of the usual class councils, performing them at the end of each trimester and bringing together teachers by subject area; We identified structural, operating, professional, personal and cultural factors hampered or hindered the implementation process of the PREM/RS, such as lack of time to study, planning lessons and regular meetings between teachers, teacher resistance changes in the evaluation and the curriculum of high school, individualism in the development of teaching, haste implementation of the proposal by SEDUC/RS, insufficiency of continuing education conducted by SEDUC/RS to ensure the understanding of the proposal, precarious physical structure and lack of resources to carry out SI activities; The immobilization oh the system favored a redefinition of the SI, turning it into isolated subject that occur basically parallel to other subjects; There are individual actions of some teachers towards change in teaching practices, but this has not been reflected in changes in school work. The results indicate the coexistence of two schools of high school with absolutely different purposes, living both in each school: one that continues to work in favor of a teaching preparatory for higher education, and one that begins to worry about a integral formation of young people. / Buscamos, com esta pesquisa, compreender os processos de organização e de desenvolvimento do trabalho escolar no contexto de implementação da Proposta de Reestruturação Curricular do Ensino Médio da SEDUC/RS (PREM/RS) em escolas da Rede Escolar Pública Estadual do RS. Para tanto, nos propusemos a responder o seguinte problema de pesquisa: Que possibilidades se apresentam para a estabilização das mudanças introduzidas na organização e no desenvolvimento do trabalho escolar no âmbito do processo de implementação da PREM/RS? As fontes de informação para essa pesquisa foram de dois tipos: sujeitos (professores de Seminário Integrado (SI), professores do Ensino Médio e membros da equipe de coordenação pedagógica de Escolas de Ensino Médio) e documentos (Documentos-Base da PREM/RS). Como instrumentos para coleta de informações utilizamos grupo focal e entrevista com os sujeitos e roteiro para análise textual com os documentos. Foram realizados 03 grupos focais que envolveram 20 Professores de SI e foram realizadas 34 entrevistas que envolveram 13 Coordenadores Pedagógicos, 20 Professores de SI (alguns agrupados) e 06 Professores do Ensino Médio, todos eles atuantes em 20 escolas da região da 8ª Coordenadoria Regional de Educação da SEDUC/RS. Pelas análises realizadas, podemos afirmar os seguintes resultados: O trabalho escolar foi impactado pela PREM/RS pela inclusão de novas ações para implementação do SI, afetando consideravelmente o trabalho da coordenação pedagógica e dos professores que assumiram SI; Quanto às mudanças na avaliação, o trabalho escolar foi impactado pela redefinição da forma de organização e realização dos habituais conselhos de classe, realizandoos no encerramento de cada trimestre e reunindo os professores por área curricular; Foram identificados fatores de ordem estrutural, operacional, profissional, pessoal e cultural que dificultaram ou obstaculizaram o processo de implementação da PREM/RS, tais como falta de tempo para estudo, planejamento das aulas e realização de encontros regulares entre professores, resistência de professores às mudanças na avaliação e/ou na matriz curricular do Ensino Médio, individualismo no desenvolvimento do trabalho docente, implantação apressada da proposta pela SEDUC/RS, insuficiência da formação continuada realizada pela SEDUC/RS para garantir o entendimento sobre a proposta, precariedade da estrutura física e falta de recursos para realização de atividades de SI; O engessamento do sistema favoreceu uma ressignificação do SI, transformando-o de espaço proposto para enfrentar uma organização rigorosamente disciplinar do currículo do Ensino Médio, em disciplina isolada, que ocorre, basicamente, de forma paralela às demais disciplinas do Ensino Médio; Existem ações individualizadas de alguns professores no sentido de modificação das práticas docentes, porém isso não tem se refletido em mudanças no trabalho escolar como um todo. Esses resultados sinalizam a coexistência de duas escolas de Ensino Médio com propósitos absolutamente diferentes, convivendo ambas em cada unidade escolar: uma que continua trabalhando em favor de uma formação essencialmente propedêutica, e outra que começa a preocupar-se com uma formação mais integral dos jovens.